Material Aspects Research Articles

Education and culture: cross-cultural analysis

The paper deals with the basic pedagogical categories of education, training, upbringing in cross-cultural aspect. The differences in the conceptual apparatus of domestic and foreign pedagogy in the definition of education, as well as in the allocation of upbringing and training as components of education are shown. Recently, the content of education is largely understood as a projection of the main components of culture. Culture is an umbrella term that includes all the material and non-material aspects of any human society. The understanding of «culture» is important for pedagogy in general, since it is the transfer of culture that is the purpose of education, which is recognized by the whole world pedagogy. Education is understood as a process of transfer – appropriation of culturally formalized samples of human activity and its results in the form of knowledge, ways of activity, attitudes, values. Education is the basis for the transfer and sometimes transformation of culture. Understanding this interaction is difficult because «education» and «culture» are difficult to define precisely, and also because the interaction goes in both directions: culture influences education, and education influences culture.

The Sublime Reimagined: Moving Towards Deeper Human–Nature Relations in Outdoor Adventure Education

Background: Current research in outdoor adventure education advocates for deeper attention to place and the role that place and the more-than-human world play in pedagogical processes. However, historical and socio-cultural analysis of the roots of OAE reveals an educational approach that encourages adversarial human–nature relations toward the pursuit of anthropocentric outcomes. The use of sublime environments towards these ends does not naturally align with the more recent attempts to foster environmental behaviors through OAE. Purpose: This research addresses the ambiguity between “place” and “pedagogy” to suggest a reimagined role of the sublime that fosters more empathetic human–nature relations. Methodology/Approach: This research utilizes philosophical phenomenology and postqualitative analysis to develop an argument for engaging with sublime environments in ways that cultivate empathetic human–nature relations. Findings/Conclusions: I argue for an awareness of the material aspect of sublime experiences that precedes construction and can inspire empathetic and reciprocal human–nature relations. Implications: Reimagining the sublime as a material phenomenon that is relational and promotes virtues of humility, respect, and care for the more-than-human world.

Inherent resonance of carbon and graphene-based nanocomposite coupled single-span arch beams

In recent decades, there has been a significant rise in the utilization of composite materials for various engineering applications. These advanced materials offer the potential to improve the mechanical properties and vibration characteristics of structural components. This particular study is dedicated to enhancing the vibration performance of coupled curved-curved beams that feature a linear elastic mid-layer, achieved through the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene nanoplates (GNPs), and graphene oxide powder (GOPs). The governing equations of the system are solved using the generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method. While previous research primarily focused on the use of CNTs to enhance the vibration behavior of coupled-curved beams, this study delves into the utilization of multiple nanofillers for this purpose. An essential aspect of modeling composite materials lies in determining their equivalent mechanical properties. This research undertakes a comparison between the rule of mixture (RoM) and Halpin-Tsai methods for calculating these properties, revealing that frequencies derived from the RoM method are higher than those obtained through the Halpin-Tsai approach. Additionally, the study highlights that systems incorporating GNPs demonstrate higher frequencies at lower nanofiller volumes, with CNTs and GOPs following in ranking. However, this hierarchy shifts at higher nanofiller volumes. The arrangement of nanofillers within the system is influenced by its boundary conditions, with the curvature of the bottom beam playing a significant role in affecting vibration behavior. Increasing the radius of the bottom beam (R2) leads to higher system frequencies, which subsequently decrease with higher R2 values.

An interlaminar fatigue damage model based on property degradation of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites

Interface delamination is a significant damage mechanism in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) laminated composites caused by interlaminar normal and shear stresses. This is due to the low interlaminar properties including interface stiffness and strength that continuously degrade to cause fatigue crack nucleation and growth. In this respect, an interlaminar fatigue damage model is proposed to accurately address the reliability aspect of the FRP composite materials and structures. The model considers a damage process that consists of two stages: (1) fatigue damage evolution due to interlaminar properties degradation to the onset of crack nucleation. A cyclic cohesive zone model with a bilinear softening behavior is introduced along with the fatigue life model to capture the mean stress effect of the interface. This is followed by (2) the crack nucleation process leading to the physical separation/debonding of the interface material point, as governed by the cycle-dependent fracture energy dissipation. The mechanical prediction of the interlaminar fatigue damage process is illustrated through finite element simulation of a mixed-mode flexural test of a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite beam subjected to fatigue loading. The results indicate that the interlaminar normal and shear crack opening displacement increases exponentially with the larger number of load cycles. In addition, the high-stress gradient is limited to the interface crack front zone with the normal and shear stress peaks at 69.2 and 16.5 % of the respective interlaminar strength. Moreover, controlled interlaminar crack growth is initially foreseen at 7.0 × 10-6 mm/cycle, followed by an abrupt crack “jump” at 287,000 load cycles.

Distribution of Nature-based Solutions in cities across Europe

Nature-based Solutions (NBS) is a conceptual framework that seeks to use properties of nature to co-produce ecosystem services to build climate change resilience and improve quality of life by mitigating the relationship between health inequality and socio-economic adversity. This study investigates how the distribution of these forms of urban nature relate to trends in demographic change and social and economic indicators that influence material aspects of quality of life (QoL) in cities. Using macro-scale spatial mapping and descriptive pattern identification, we examine the relationship of distribution trends in the key characteristics of NBS across European cities and social and material factors that influence QoL. Our findings suggest that less than 6% of NBS aim to address poverty or deprivation and fewer than 25% relate to housing or neighbourhood regeneration. We argue inattention to the complex intersectional relationship of socio-economic disparities, historical structural conditions, and the impact of changes to the structural policy on economic convergence across regions leading to the concept being used to address green-growth imperatives in Western Europe rather than mitigate inequalities across eastern and parts of Southern Europe. Failure to address these considerations in the design and deployment of NBS could lead to cities reinforcing or even worsening inequalities within deprived communities, particularly in these areas.

The Amazing Eco-Enzyme: Contextual 3D Pageflip E-Book for Environmental Chemistry Learning

This study uses a Design-Based Research method to describe the stages of production, validation test, and feasibility test of a 3D Pageflip e-book titled The Amazing Eco-Enzyme. Contents of the e-book were presented contextually, discussing the production, characterization, and application of Eco-Enzymes for environmental sustainability and Islamic values. Those topics emphasize the study of pollutants and environmental pollution, biogeochemistry and environmental toxicology. The results of the validation test indicated that the e-book was valid in the range of r 0.85-0.92. It was revised, and then a feasibility test was carried out on ten respondents who were selected through purposive sampling. The feasibility test obtained a percentage of 96.67% on the material aspect, 92.50% on the language aspect, and 95.00% on the appearance aspect. The e-book is very feasible and can easily be accessed on a website as an enrichment book to enhance the learning process of environmental chemistry.
 Keywords: pageflip e-book, eco-enzymes, environmental sustainability, islamic values

Augmented Reality as a Media of Mathematics Learning in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic

In this era, the development of technology is going quite fast. Smart phones are common to use in every element in society. The usage of technology increased rapidly especially after COVID-19. People have started using gadgets more intensively almost for every activity and working from home is the one of it. The advancement of technology has affected every aspect of human life and one of these is education which should be able to adjust with the development of technology. The new innovation in educational aspect is learning media that should be done. R&D is the method to know how the design that wants to be developed and know the development of augmented reality learning media in elementary school at second-grade mathematics subjects in space shape lesson. As for the result of this research are states that the augmented reality learning media that is developed is worthy and good in both material and media aspects as the solution for today’s learning innovation especially for mathematics subjects in space shape lessons.
 Keywords: Augmented Reality, Mathematics Learning, Post-COVID-19

Analisis Kualitas Butir Soal HOTS pada Mata Pelajaran Biologi yang Diberikan pada Siswa Kelas 12 dan Dievaluasi Menggunakan Aplikasi Anates

The aim of this research is to develop and describe an effective assessment instrument. This type of research is Research and Development, while the data collection technique uses test techniques. Data analysis techniques use qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of this study are as follows: there are 13 significant assessment items and 12 items that are not yet significant. Therefore, there are still some items that need to be improved to be used as a suitable assessment instrument, both theoretically and empirically. Suitable theoretically means that it has fulfilled the aspects of construction, language, and material. While suitable empirically means through validity testing, reliability, difficulty level, discriminant power, and distractor quality analysis. An assessment instrument can be considered suitable if it meets the characteristics of Higher Order Thinking Skills; and the assessment instrument can be used as a tool to evaluate learning outcomes because it can differentiate between students with high, medium, and low abilities.

IJCM_5A: A gender perspective of gender equity and health amongst youth of urban slum area in South Gujarat

Background: The socially constructed characteristics, qualities and actions of men, women, girls, and boys are referred to as gender. Being a core social determinant, it directly affects attitude and health related behaviour. The variance in exposure to material, psychological, behavioural, and biological aspects is how gender impacts health outcomes. Objectives: To document the knowledge regarding gender equity, violence, sexuality, masculinity and reproductive health. To determine gender wise differences in access to healthcare and perception of one’s own health. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the urban health centre field practise area in Surat, Gujarat among 260 youth participants aged 18-24 years. After obtaining ethical approval, participants were selected via convenient sampling technique, written informed consent was obtained. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews maintaining privacy using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire for a duration of 8 months. Data was entered in excel and analysed using JAMOVI software. Themes were generated for qualitative responses. Results: 147 (56.5%) participants were males. The mean age of the participants was 20.55+2.14. Females had statistically significant higher mean gender equity score (30.90+4.68) than males (26.60+3.27). Significant association was seen for education (p= 0.005) and sibling type (p= 0.005) with gender equity. Negligible positive and significant correlation (r= 0.12) between gender equity scores and total family income. Multiple roles and responsibilities (26.7%) were the major factor identified for perception of health. Conclusion: Results highlight the importance of education and employment in developing high gender equitable attitudes The barriers for accessing healthcare services were varied like autonomy to take decision, monetary problems distance to healthcare services etc. Multiple roles, treatment seeking behaviour and reproductive health were major areas which influenced youth’s perception of their health.

Propuesta de adaptación del reglamento de balonmano para personas con parálisis cerebral o daño cerebral adquirido

At present, handball is a discipline that is not adapted to people with Cerebral Palsy or Acquired Brain Injury. The aim of this study is to develop a proposal for adapting the handball regulations for this group, taking as a reference the regulations and functional classification of football 7-a-side, adapted to these players. The basis of the adaptation process has been the regulations of the International Handball Federation and the functional classification of another sport adapted to people with cerebral palsy and acquired brain damage, Soccer 7. It is necessary to make an adaptation of the material, technical and tactical aspects, as well as sports facilities depending on the motor skills of the participants. The practice of physical-sports activity has multiple benefits at a social, emotional, physical, and psychological level, so including one more collective sport, the only one that already exists for this population, which is football 7-a-side, expanding their participation options sporty.

La « gouvernance clinique » : sur un mode de travail particulier chez les directeurs d’hôpital

ContextThe public healthcare system in France is in search of a new “spirit” to address the symptoms of disaffection it currently experiences. Management sciences are exploring how leadership can enhance workplace well-being, emphasizing “salutogenic” approaches and caring leadership. In contrast to previous interpretations of “clinical governance,” often focused on the use of evidence-based clinical data, we investigate the potential use of psychoanalytic theories to shed light on clinical governance practices attentive to the diverse elements contributing to organizational atmosphere. ObjectivesWe aim to return to the conceptions and practices of hospital administrators themselves. The demonstration will revolve around identifying the objects of the specific work done by clinical governance, and the actions taken by hospital administrators practicing this way. Our aim is to extend to the healthcare field the path laid out by institutional psychotherapy in psychiatry, ensuring healthcare institutions do not perpetuate, at their highest hierarchical level, the social symptoms of their time. MethodOur approach is rooted in empirical interpretation sciences and relies on a qualitative analysis methodology that emphasizes proximity to the lived experience of our interviewees. Our field investigation has been ongoing for several years, conducted in collaboration with management teams from institutions of various sizes and regions. The abductive hypothesis of a form of clinical governance gradually emerged while working closely with two well-known hospital administration teams. We engaged in co-thinking with the involved directors to validate our interpretations. ResultsWe revisit the concept of “clinical governance” to describe a way of managing hospitals which symbolically and attentively, though sometimes unconsciously, works with a number of identified objects. We define these objects as related to the organization: hierarchy, space, resources, information, the “scope” of action, and time. Others elements are related to the institutional network: speech, the Self, the perception of others, conviviality, and affects. Each of these elements is examined from the perspective of its symbolic significance, beyond its material or practical aspects, with the understanding that their circulation is of particular interest to clinical governance. InterpretationOur results call for a renewal of institutional psychotherapy in general hospitals, through the perspective of daily “asepsis” of the milieu as facilitated by clinical governance. This involves a recognition by hospital administrators of the symbolic value of the objects we have listed. Clinical governance enables administrators to interpret the symbols behind the apparent materiality of what healthcare professionals discuss. While our results are partial and exploratory, they pave the way for a psychoanalytic clinical perspective regarding hospital governance, alongside management sciences.

Development of higher order thinking skill assessment instruments in social studies learning

<span lang="EN-US">Higher order thinking skill (HOTS) in social studies learning are still often ignored by teachers despite the need for students to acquire these skills. The purpose of this study is to develop her HOTS assessment in a social studies classroom to help teachers improve their students’ thinking skills. This kind of research is research and development with 4D models. Validation was performed by two social studies learning assessment specialists and three social studies teachers. The HOTS test was administered to 112 students in class VIII (second grade) of Yogyakarta junior high school. Data analysis consisted of validity, reliability, difficulty, selectivity, and distractor index. Explanatory factor analysis (EFA) pathway analysis was used for data analysis of small trials and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) pathway analysis was used for large trials. The multiple-choice HOTS assessment tool consisted of 30 items, and the effectiveness results of this HOTS questions on material, structure, and language aspects by two social studies learning assessment experts where it was valid and suitable for our application. Effective results for three social studies teachers indicated that the assessment tool was valid and applicable. HOTS in social studies learning helps improve quality and learning outcomes, enabling students to examine information critically, develop creativity, and improve problem-solving skills.</span>

QUALITY OF LIFE PRIME RANKINGS AND REVIEW OF EVIDENCES

The study focused on the various indicators of quality of life with evidences conducted globally and in India. A persons or society’s quality of life measurement is quite difficult to comprehend. To understand a broader welfare status of a society and material aspects GDP and per capita income are considered as poor measures since it fails to capture the welfare aspect of society. The important rankings are highlighted where different indicators and dimensions are encompassed. KEYWORDS: quality of life, ranking, evidences

Soft alchemy: a comprehensive guide to chemical reactions for pneumatic soft actuation

Soft robotics has emerged as a transformative field, leveraging bio-inspired novel actuation mechanisms to enable more adaptable, compliant, and sophisticated robotic systems. However, the portability of soft pneumatic actuators is typically constrained by the tethering to bulky power sources. This review offers a thorough analysis of autonomous power alternatives facilitated by chemical reactions for gas generation and absorption, a concept analogous to biological energy conversion processes. These bio-inspired strategies propel soft pneumatic actuators towards new horizons of autonomy and portability, essential for real-world applications. This comprehensive review explores the critical intersection of gas evolution reactions (GERs) and gas consumption reactions (GCRs) as a power source for pneumatic actuation in soft robotics. We here emphasize the importance and impact of bio-inspired design, control, efficiency, safety, and sustainability within soft robotics to not only mimic biological motions but to enhance them. This review explores the fundamentals of both pneumatic and chemically powered actuation, highlighting the need for careful consideration of reaction kinetics. Additionally, this work highlights key aspects of smart materials that draw from biological structures and response mechanisms, along with state-of-the-art techniques for precise pressure modulation. Finally, we chart prospective development pathways and provide a future outlook for bio-inspired soft robotics, emphasizing the transformative impact of integrating chemical actuation methods. This exploration underlines the quest for further autonomy in soft robotic systems and points towards the future opportunities in this exciting and fast-developing field.

A Study on the Teaching of Chinese Characters in the Chinese Department of Eötvös Loránd University

The teaching of Chinese characters is a “big problem” in teaching Chineseas a foreign language, especially for learners who are not in the cultural circle of Chinese characters, it is the biggest difficulty in learning process. This article analyzes the current situation of Chinese character teaching in the Chinese Department of Eötvös Loránd University from the aspects of teaching materials, teachers and teaching methods, points out the advantages and disadvantages, and proposes corresponding teaching strategies in order to improve the teaching effect of Chinese characters.

Reinforced tissue matrix to strengthen the abdominal wall following reversal of temporary ostomies or to treat incisional hernias.

Abdominal wall deficiencies or weakness are a common complication of temporary ostomies, and incisional hernias frequently develop after colostomy or ileostomy takedown. The use of synthetic meshes to reinforce the abdominal wall has reduced hernia occurrence. Biologic meshes have also been used to enhance healing, particularly in contaminated conditions. Reinforced tissue matrices (RTMs), which include a biologic scaffold of native extracellular matrix and a synthetic component for added strength/durability, are designed to take advantage of aspects of both synthetic and biologic materials. To date, RTMs have not been reported to reinforce the abdominal wall following stoma reversal. To evaluate the effectiveness of using an RTM to reinforce the abdominal wall at stoma takedown sites. Twenty-eight patients were selected with a parastomal and/or incisional hernia who had received a temporary ileostomy or colostomy for fecal diversion after rectal cancer treatment or trauma. Following hernia repair and proximal stoma closure, RTM (OviTex® 1S permanent or OviTex® LPR) was placed to reinforce the abdominal wall using a laparoscopic, robotic, or open surgical approach. Post-operative follow-up was performed at 1 month and 1 year. Hernia recurrence was determined by physical examination and, when necessary, via computed tomography scan. Secondary endpoints included length of hospital stay, time to return to work, and hospital readmissions. Evaluated complications of the wound/repair site included presence of surgical site infection, seroma, hematoma, wound dehiscence, or fistula formation. The observational study cohort included 16 male and 12 female patients with average age of 58.5 years ± 16.3 years and average body mass index of 26.2 kg/m2 ± 4.1 kg/m2. Patients presented with a parastomal hernia (75.0%), incisional hernia (14.3%), or combined parastomal/incisional hernia (10.7%). Using a laparoscopic (53.6%), robotic (35.7%), or open (10.7%) technique, RTMs (OviTex® LPR: 82.1%, OviTex® 1S: 17.9%) were placed using sublay (82.1%) or intraperitoneal onlay (IPOM; 17.9%) mesh positioning. At 1-month and 1-year follow-ups, there were no hernia recurrences (0%). Average hospital stays were 2.1 d ± 1.2 d and return to work occurred at 8.3 post-operative days ± 3.0 post-operative days. Three patients (10.7%) were readmitted before the 1-month follow up due to mesh infection and/or gastrointestinal issues. Fistula and mesh infection were observed in two patients each (7.1%), leading to partial mesh removal in one patient (3.6%). There were no complications between 1 month and 1 year (0%). RTMs were used successfully to treat parastomal and incisional hernias at ileostomy reversal, with no hernia recurrences and favorable outcomes after 1-month and 1-year.

Protection of Human Rights for Minors Against Acts of Sexual Abuse

The state's unequivocal responsibility to safeguard children as victims of violence, particularly sexual abuse, is imperative due to their pivotal role in future development. The study method used the normative way. The research findings aim to serve as a guide for crafting policies aligning with national law, contributing positively to legal science by addressing material and formal legal aspects, as well as enhancing victim protection and recovery. The prevalence of unsettling acts of sexual harassment underscores a pressing need for vigilant attention. Child victims of sexual violence endure profound psychological impacts, ranging from mild to severe trauma, leading to a loss of self-confidence, shame, and, tragically, suicide in some cases. This study delves into child protection policies in Makassar, Indonesia, scrutinizing shortcomings in addressing sexual crimes against minors. Therefore, legal innovations for enhanced handling of such cases, ensuring justice for the victims and fostering societal balance are needed.

Reading Humor in David Cronenberg's Crash

David Cronenberg’s statement that “The film is funny, the book is not very funny” (1997) presents a captivating paradox regarding his adaptation of J. G. Ballard’s Crash. This statement reveals Cronenberg as both an insightful and superficial reader of Ballard. His film adaptation chooses to remain faithful to many aspects of the source material and retains the subtle undercurrents of humor found in the book, often overlooked and unrecognized by both the director and audiences, as well critics. Paradoxically, the film’s reception has further obscured this aspect of his work. The paper delineates the mechanics of humor in Crash, applying Freudian and Bergsonian theories linking humor to anxiety relief and behavioral correction. It spotlights Ballard’s absurd character speculations and detached narrative voice juxtaposing poetic violence, while Cronenberg conveys humor via affectless performances, anti-climactic sex, and self-referential jokes exposing cinematic artifice. Further analysis explores Ballard’s satire through the parody of melodramatic tableaux versus Cronenberg’s meta-cinematic parody of Hollywood and the road movie genre, noting that the adaptation compresses the novel’s sociopolitical critique but expands its intertextuality. The article challenges assumptions that humor must be light or affirming, arguing that the unsettling, avant-garde laughter in Crash (1973, 1996) compels reflection on technology’s impacts on identity. Ultimately, recognizing the dark comedy in Crash and its adaptation illuminates their lingering cultural commentary on dehumanization rather than celebrating the pathology of the characters.

Aleth-NeRF: Illumination Adaptive NeRF with Concealing Field Assumption

The standard Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) paradigm employs a viewer-centered methodology, entangling the aspects of illumination and material reflectance into emission solely from 3D points. This simplified rendering approach presents challenges in accurately modeling images captured under adverse lighting conditions, such as low light or over-exposure. Motivated by the ancient Greek emission theory that posits visual perception as a result of rays emanating from the eyes, we slightly refine the conventional NeRF framework to train NeRF under challenging light conditions and generate normal-light condition novel views unsupervisedly. We introduce the concept of a ``Concealing Field," which assigns transmittance values to the surrounding air to account for illumination effects. In dark scenarios, we assume that object emissions maintain a standard lighting level but are attenuated as they traverse the air during the rendering process. Concealing Field thus compel NeRF to learn reasonable density and colour estimations for objects even in dimly lit situations. Similarly, the Concealing Field can mitigate over-exposed emissions during rendering stage. Furthermore, we present a comprehensive multi-view dataset captured under challenging illumination conditions for evaluation. Our code and proposed dataset are available at https://github.com/cuiziteng/Aleth-NeRF.

Developing a Digital Module for Integrating Islamic and Muhammadiyah Values with Pancasila in Vocational Education: A Sadiman Method Approach

This research aims to produce a module that is relevant to the character of Muhammadiyah Vocational School, namely integrating Islamic and Muhammadiyah values with the Pancasila student profile. This research was a type of development research by applying the Sadiman Development Method. Analysis of the result quality of the developed module was carried out using a validation test from the material aspect and media aspect as well as a trial by respondents to the developed module. The evaluation was conducted by media professionals using a 20-item questionnaire, yielded an average score of 84, indicating a high level of appropriateness. Similarly, material experts assessed the validators using a 30-item questionnaire and found the performance to be highly appropriate, resulting in a score of 89. Based on these findings, it can be stated that the developed digital module has relevant validity values and is suitable to be used in vocational learning which can be integrated with Islamic and Muhammadiyah values. The use of this module has an impact on cultivating Islamic character and Pancasila students for Muhammadiyah Vocational School students. This distinctive character is a provision for alumni to be able to compete in the work world in today's digital era.