Aspects Of Internationalization Research Articles

Same Same or Different?: Comparing Perceived Internationalization, Experiences and Satisfaction of Domestic and International Tertiary Students in Thailand

There appears to be a lack of literature analyzing and comparing experiences and behavior of foreign and domestic tertiary students in non-traditional destinations. Using quantitative approach, this study examined and compared how international and home students in Thailand perceive the extent of internationalization of their host institution, their sense of belongingness, discriminatory experiences and satisfaction. Findings showed that both groups of students did not perceive differently the academic, social and organizational dimensions of internationalization. However, foreign students felt a stronger sense of belongingness and higher level of satisfaction than their local counterparts. They had a more positive perception of the course contents and the university’ s physical environment. They indicated less positive perception of the availability of opportunities to socialize, to participate in exchange study, and to use the English language in learning and communication. The differing perceptions and attitudes of domestic and foreign students suggest that the institution may consider to further develop and improve the various aspects of internationalization in order to satisfy their needs and enhance their student experience.

Navigating the Global Landscape: Dynamics and Impacts of Internationalization in Higher Education

The internationalization of higher education stands as a multifaceted phenomenon characterized by a myriad of driving forces, mechanisms, and consequential impacts. This paper seeks to elucidate the intricate nature of this global trend, exploring its diverse dimensions and evaluating its implications for institutions, stakeholders, and the broader socio-economic landscape. Central to the discourse on internationalization is the evolution of higher education in response to globalization. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, institutions of higher learning face growing imperatives to engage in cross-border collaborations, foster cultural diversity, and prepare students for a globally interconnected workforce. The paper navigates through the underlying rationales propelling this transformation, shedding light on the economic, social, and academic motivations that drive institutions towards internationalization strategies. The mechanisms facilitating internationalization manifest through a spectrum of initiatives, including but not limited to student mobility programs, collaborative research ventures, cross-border partnerships, and curriculum internationalization. This paper delves into the efficacy of these strategies, evaluating their impact on enhancing academic quality, fostering intercultural competencies, and promoting knowledge exchange across borders. Furthermore, it examines the challenges and opportunities inherent in implementing these mechanisms, considering issues of equity, linguistic diversity, and varying academic standards across regions. A critical aspect of internationalization is its impact on stakeholders within higher education. Faculty members, administrators, and students experience a transformed academic landscape as they engage in global collaborations, navigate diverse cultural contexts, and adapt pedagogical approaches to accommodate internationalized curricula. This paper assesses the roles and experiences of these stakeholders, exploring how they contribute to and are affected by the internationalization agenda. While acknowledging the transformative potential of internationalization, this paper critically examines its limitations and ethical considerations. It addresses issues of cultural hegemony, power imbalances in global knowledge production, and the commodification of education. Moreover, it discusses the potential for unintended consequences, such as brain drain from developing countries and the commercialization of higher education. In conclusion, this paper synthesizes the complexities of internationalization in higher education, offering insights into its multifaceted nature, driving forces, operational mechanisms, and far-reaching implications. By providing a nuanced understanding of this phenomenon, it aims to inform policy discussions, guide institutional strategies, and stimulate further scholarly inquiry into the evolving landscape of higher education in a globalized world. Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024

Factors affecting growth and internationalization of micro-enterprises in a sparsely populated region: case South Savo, Finland

Micro-enterprises have recently received increased research attention due to their contribution to economic growth and employment, and an increasing amount of research has focused on studying their performance. The current objective was to study factors affecting the growth and internationalization of micro-enterprises, as well as the most important barriers for growth in the sparsely populated region of South Savo in Finland. Owners or managers of 108 micro-enterprises responded to a questionnaire probing variables representing aspects of growth, internationalization, innovation, networking, digital maturity, and business environment, among others. Statistical analyses including multiple regressions were used to analyze the data collected on quantitative rating scales. The results suggested that intention to grow and level of networking with other companies and public actors were directly related to actualized growth. Intention to grow was, in turn, affected by innovativeness, growth capability, intention for internationalization, and business environment. In addition, the level of innovativeness and intention for internationalization were related to actual level of internationalization. The most important barriers for growth selected by the participants were lack of time for development activities, threshold to hire new employees, and sufficiency of funding. The results were utilized in guiding regional development activities in the South Savo region.

Mapping the Intellectual Structure of Studies on Internationalization of the Curriculum: A Bibliometric Analysis From the Scopus Database

<p style="text-align:justify">The pervasive development and momentous changes of internationalization in higher education have led to the acceleration of research on its key component – the curriculum. However, there has not been any comprehensive analysis of the research status of the internationalization of the curriculum (IoC). To address the gap, this study employs the bibliometric method to construct an intellectual structure of research on the topic. The data, retrieved from the Scopus Database, consisted of 386 publications. The extracted data were then analyzed using citation, co-authorship, and keyword co-occurrence analysis. The results reveal a significant growth in research volume during the last ten years and the domination of Global North in the geographical distribution of publications. Besides, the most prominent authors include those who introduced fundamental knowledge on the topic. The most cited works and the most popular publishing sources focus on various aspects of internationalization of higher education. They also show a multidisciplinary interest in the topic. Finally, concerning newly emerged themes of studies on IoC, “cultural competence” and “internationalization at home” are outstanding keywords. The research findings emphasize IoC as a potential research matter. Hence, this study is recommended as a starting point for future researchers when examining related subjects.</p>

Multicultural Classrooms in European Higher Education: Findings from Interviews with International Students and Teaching Staff

The research, prepared for the Multicultural Classrooms: Inclusive Learning and Teaching in Higher Education Erasmus+ project, endeavours to assess the current state of multicultural classrooms in Europe through interviews conducted with lecturers and students at partner universities (Türkiye, Belgium, Romania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, and Spain).
 
 The research evaluates instructional systems designed to equip faculty members with the competence to manage heterogeneous and culturally diverse classroom environments. Additionally, the report seeks to identify avenues for embedding multiculturalism within European higher education. The methodological approach involves a literature review on multicultural classrooms, and the report accentuates the need to extend discussions on multicultural classrooms to the higher education context. The report presents findings from interviews with international students and teaching staff, summarising emergent themes derived from content analysis. These findings aim to enhance comprehension of multicultural classrooms in Europe and inform strategies to promote diversity and multiculturalism in European higher education institutions.
 
 The report underscores shared themes and fundamental aspects of higher education internationalisation within multicultural classrooms. The importance of language proficiency in English as a determinant of successful internationalisation is consistently recognised. Cultural diversity is celebrated as a valued ethos across all countries, with exposure to diverse cultures and perspectives deemed intrinsic to studying abroad. Institutional support for international students is highlighted, emphasising the need for robust orientation programs and support mechanisms.
 
 Challenges tied to cultural differences and language barriers are acknowledged universally, underscoring the significance of fostering cultural sensitivity and intercultural communication skills. Inclusive academic environments for international students are prioritised, where lecturers strive to establish settings fostering open dialogues and intercultural competence. The report emphasises the significance of training and professional development for lecturers in multicultural classrooms, including recommendations for observation periods abroad and exchange programs to promote inclusive practices.
 
 Based on an exhaustive analysis of national reports, the international report culminates in a compilation of recommended training courses crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of multicultural classrooms. Collectively, these findings underline a shared commitment to inclusive and supportive environments for international students across the featured countries. The insights gleaned hold value in shaping higher education internationalisation within and beyond Europe, acknowledging the significance of global interconnectedness and diversity in contemporary education.

Internationalization evaluation indicators for Chinese higher vocational education: A case study

Educational evaluation is necessary for the continuing development of education by monitoring the direction of educational development toward its set goals. The Ministry of Education in China has set the overall goal of higher vocational education to reach a world-class level by 2035. In the current internationalizing environment, this study accordingly aimed to develop a set of internationalization evaluation indicators for higher vocational education in Shandong Province, China. Previous studies on internationalization evaluation indicators have exhibited differences and limitations in terms of their objectives, measures, and their differentiation between undergraduate-based university and vocational colleges. Most previous studies have been based on reviewing certain aspects of internationalization, whereas few studies have considered the issue from the perspective of internationalization practitioners. This study first reviewed and synthesized previous research to develop a framework of international development elements for higher vocational education in a Chinese context. This was then analyzed by a focus group of 15 people in charge of the international offices (schools) of their higher vocational colleges, who identified 6 first-level indicators, 14 second-level indicators, and 14 third-level indicators. These indicators were then analyzed using a general inductive method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to identify internationalization evaluation indicators for higher vocational education from a phenomenological research perspective. Based on the results, we draw forth the theoretical and practical implications for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers.

Development of the Regulatory and Institutional Basis for Incrising the Educational Migration to Russia

The publication aims to analyze the existing regulatory framework in the field of edu- cational migration for the implementation of strategic documents in the field of foreign and humani- tarian policy of Russia; assess how the existing legal mechanisms for educational migration meet the objectives; to formulate the institutional conditions for a new stage in the export of Russian education, taking into account geopolitical changes. The publication also presents the results of the monitoring of “double degree” programs conducted by RUDN University in 2022, as well as the risks of introducing a new system of higher education in Russia in the aspect of internationalization. The methodological basis of the study is the analysis of statistical data in the field of international education, as well as the analysis of the regulatory framework, which includes the legislation of the Russian Federation; departmental regulatory documents, international experience. Main research methods: analysis, formal legal and comparative legal.

Selected Aspects of Internationalization in the Liberec Region and the Free State of Saxony

Internationalization is a widely discussed topic analysed from various points of view. In our paper, we have decided to measure this trend in two border regions in former Eastern Germany and in Czechia, namely in Saxony and the Liberec region in the time period 2013-2020. Both areas belonged to the Eastern bloc before 1990. Saxony experienced a rapid reunification process within the early 1990s and Czechia a transformation process competed in 2004 by the EU accession.
 In our paper, we have decided to test three hypotheses. First, we tested if Saxony is more internationalized in terms of human resources (1) and secondly with regard to export output (2). Then, we conducted the same tests on the Liberec region. Our assumption was that, due to the rapid reunification and favourable geographic proximity of lucrative Western markets, the position of Saxony would be more advanced.
 Finally, we tested the hypothesis (3) that the rising number of foreign workers contribute to the rising export volumes. We correlated the indicators of employed foreigners and exports per head in both regions from 2013 to 2020.

ИНТЕРНАЦИОНАЛИЗАЦИЯ КЛАСТЕРНЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО БИЗНЕСА

The article considers foreign scientific literature devoted to exogenous factors (regarding the interaction of clusters with global innovation systems) that limit the interaction of firms with global markets and value chains. The following research methods were applied in the article: analysis of modern scientific literature by foreign authors, focused on the aspect of internationalization of cluster small and medium-sized businesses. The purpose of this study is to consider the importance of the internationalization of clusters in a theoretical aspect. Analyzed 52 scientific articles in the field of internationalization of cluster enterprises of small and medium-sized businesses. The study characterizes the positive and negative impact of internationalization on clusters. The positive aspects of inter-cluster cooperation in the international space are highlighted. The factors due to which the internationalization of the cluster can be achieved are determined. The conclusion is made about the potential positive and negative impact of internationalization on clusters. The positive impacts include access to knowledge through cluster networks/relationships, observation/imitation, inter-firm labor mobility, technology diffusion, higher likelihood of being "found" by international counterparties, etc.); to a negative impact – local congestion, intense local competition, distrust between cluster members, excessive dependence on specific resources of the region, "poaching" of workers by other cluster firms, loss of technological advantage due to imitation/"theft" of technologies, etc.

Rethinking and redefining internationalisation of higher education in South Africa using a decolonial lens

ABSTRACT Over the past few decades, internationalisation of higher education in South Africa has been framed and conceptualised based on the dominant approaches, concepts and definitions from the global North. Using a decolonial lens, we focus on how internationalisation is defined in South Africa. This is important as definitions influence strategic directions, policies and priorities of higher education systems and institutions. We show that replication of Eurocentric definitions is inappropriate for post-apartheid complexities and transformational priorities and contributes to the maintenance of coloniality and Eurocentric hegemony in higher education. We propose a new definition, which is relevant for the South African context and takes into consideration historical complexities and injustices, contemporary socio-economic realities, and the need for epistemic decolonisation. We hope that the new definition will have a progressive impact on different aspects of internationalisation and contribute to transformation and decolonisation of higher education in South Africa and, potentially, elsewhere.

Bounded Entanglement: The Asymmetric Co-evolution of Institutions and Internationalization Research and Practice

ABSTRACT The institutional context of firm internationalization has become increasingly important to research and practice. Institutional influence and effects are well documented across diverse aspects of firm internationalization. However, less is known about the reciprocal interplay of relationships between institutions and internationalization, and how this may spur their asymmetric co-evolution over time – as differentially influenced by highly varying forces and factors. We contribute to the literature by unpacking these relationships, introducing a model with propositions to account for the simultaneous interactions of institutions and internationalization leading to asymmetric co-evolution over time, and by extending unique theoretical support for the co-evolution process.

The Importance of Internationalization on ‘Academics and Research’ parameters for Ranking of Universities after Covid-19

Mobility of students and faculty is an essential aspect of Internationalization of Higher Education (IHE), but it also has an influence on academics and research, necessitating study into the consequences of these two characteristics for university ranking. The study used a qualitative approach to data collecting. Vice Chancellors and Senior Academicians from Institutes of Higher Education in India, Australia, and Zambia were interviewed in-depth to learn more about the impact of globalization on academics and research. The responses from majority of the academicians were positive as Internationalization of academics and research creates an environment bringing in intercultural, international and comparative aspects in the classroom. The world today faces challenges due to Covid-19, which are no longer local but have global implications. Local solutions can be applied globally through Internationalization of research. However, other academics believe that internationalization may not be a priority for India at this time, since the country must focus on domestic issues such as access and fairness. Academic internationalization not only provides a global classroom environment, but it also has a tremendous influence on the community through research, since these answers may be used internationally, resulting in changes. According to the findings, internationalization should be regarded as a criterion for the Indian Ranking System. This paper provides in-depth insights and views of policymakers about the importance of Internationalization and its significant influence on academics and research after Covid-19.

Diffusing innovation to support faculty engagement in the integration of language and content across the disciplines in an internationalized Canadian university

ABSTRACT This article discusses an innovation within one Canadian institution that focuses on linguistically responsive activities in an internationalized, Anglophone university. The study draws on recent research in applied linguistics that addresses language and content integration within disciplinary courses as an innovation. Drawing on Rogers’ (1995) ‘diffusion of innovation’ theory, the study involved purposive sampling of faculty members who were ‘early adopters’ of innovative activities aimed to support multilingual/EAL students. Qualitative data were gathered through interviews with content faculty, as well as transcriptions of professional learning focus group meetings of applied linguistics faculty who engaged in interdisciplinary collaborations to support the trialability, visibility and the adaptability of the innovation, as well as to demonstrate its relative advantage. The end goal was to engage faculty members to rethink their teaching and learning practices, given the linguistically and culturally diverse context of today’s universities, and to deepen our understanding of language as an under-researched aspect of internationalization in higher education.

The Internationalization of Post-Secondary Education in Manitoba: A Critique of Two Government Policy Approaches, 1999 - 2021

International education has become a policy sector of increasing importance to the Canadian province of Manitoba. Provincial governments with opposing political ideologies can impact international education policy differently. Using narratives as an analytical framework, we identify themes by examining the approaches taken to the international post-secondary education (PSE) sector in Manitoba under the last two governments that held office. The analysis reveals that while both governments’ policies are underpinned by neoliberalism reflecting the economic benefits of international student recruitment and retention, key differences are identified. While cultural diversity and global understanding, policy coordination and collaboration, associated leadership, strategy, and a regulatory framework were important components of international PSE policy, there has been a discernible shift towards an austerity agenda, free market policies, and a reconceptualization of international PSE as an immigration-focused policy. The paper concludes that the current government’s focus on labour markets and immigration when it comes to international PSE means that other aspects of internationalization are little understood and supported.

QUANTITATIVE CHANGES IN THE VOCABULARY OF CONTEMPORARY POLISH (FUNCTIONS OF BORROWED WORDS AND SUFFIXES)

The article attempts to provide an answer to the questions concerning the aspects of internationalization of the Polish lexical stock, in the 21th century. In the first part, the author presents a list of new loanwords, for example, pendrive, followers, vlog, burger, webinarium, ciabatta, tacos. The new words are mostly borrowed from the English language. In the second part of the article, the author presents neologisms formation which perform various function (for example expressive, nominative). In this section the productivity of foreign prefixes and ranks with the formation of borrowed morphemes are discussed, too. The main objective of the paper is to show how old loanwords (for example alkoholik, parking, skleroza, automat, akwarium) have an impact on the creation of hybrids. The author describes word-formation like motylarium, żółwiarium, pająkarium, reklamoza, szyldoza, grantoza, serialoholik, fejsoholik, kawomat, ciastkomat, parawaning, grobing and she points to the patterns by which new units were created. Other authors perceive these phenomena as inextricably bound with the tendency to internationalization and with the processes of “linguistic globalization”. The main thesis of the article is that borrowed suffixes have different functions, the most important of which are creativity and language game, evaluation, especially negative one. The analysed phenomena prove that there is no clear border between creation of words and their borrowing, between the nominative function and the language game.

Management of international business development based on innovative technologies

Introduction. Recent research in the field of international entrepreneurship suggests that the introduction of e-commerce can contribute to further growth for businesses by gaining opportunities to enter new markets and providing access to new customer segments. The purpose of the paper is to consider the possibility of managing the international activities of the enterprise on the basis of innovative technologies. Results. An important stage in the development of the enterprise is the introduction of innovative technologies for the sale of goods on the international market. There are five key areas to enter the international market through global e-commerce. Choosing the right market is an important issue that needs to be researched for the development of international business. When a company conducts its business abroad or enters new markets, the evaluation and selection of tools that can automate any aspect of internationalization will increase the chances of a quick return on investment. Localization of the site is not only the basis for acquiring and building long-term relationships with foreign customers, it is also the basis for expecting success at all levels of enterprise development in the international arena. When entering the international market, you need to determine whether you need to create your own store or use the special services for online sales. Both options have their advantages and disadvantages. Conclusion. Domestic companies have a huge potential to develop international markets through online technology. Creating your own online store on an international platform will significantly expand the range of consumers and generate significant profits, which in turn will develop the company's international activities. But it is necessary to approach this issue carefully and calculate all possible risks, as not many companies in Ukraine have such experience and it will be difficult to learn from the mistakes of others.

Mobilidade estudantil de universitários oriundos do ensino médio público: experiências com o programa Ciência sem Fronteiras 1, 2, 3

Abstract The internationalization of higher education is a marker of universities in the contemporary world. In this process, academic mobility programs are central, representing the most visible aspect of internationalization. This article analyzes the academic mobility of students from the Science without Borders program who have studied in public high schools, especially the access of the students to the program, their international experiences, and projects for the future. The empirical research, carried out in a public university in the Midwest region of Brazil, consisted of two surveys and group discussions analyzed through the Documentary Method. Based on the results, we identified that social origin and school capital are dimensions that can hinder or deprive the participation of students from less favored classes in the access to student mobility programs. However, for students who were able to overcome these barriers, the contribution of the international experience goes beyond academic conquers and offers opportunities for the development of new projects for the future, both in the personal and professional fields.

Internationalization of Polish higher education in the context of demographic challenges. Selected aspects

Purpose: This article addresses selected aspects of internationalization of higher education (HE) in Poland in the context of demographic changes. The purpose of it is to analyze the dynamics of the number of foreign students studying at Polish Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and their structure by type of HEI, field of study and origin. Design/methodology/approach: A review of the literature on the subject and desk research with reference to data from the Statistics Poland were used. The analysis, covered the years 2004-2020, was based on selected methods of descriptive statistics. Findings: Between 2004 and 2020, the number of foreign students increased almost 10-fold. The average growth rate in the analyzed time series was 15.2% for the group of HEIs and 21.5% for non-public HEIs. The choices of foreign students most often group fields of study in the areas of social sciences, economy and medicine. There has been an increase in interest in studies in technology and services, while there has been a marked decline in fields of study related to the humanities and education. Research limitations/implications: The demographic perspective adds a new dimension to the issues of growth and development of HEIs, that is why this issue involves further in-depth analysis. Practical implications: Despite the apparent positive change with regard to the number of student-foreigners studying at Polish HEIs, this statistic, compared to other European countries, is still unsatisfactory. In the face of projected further unfavorable demographic trends, countries with positive natural increase and younger age structures, become an opportunity to compensate for the loss of Polish students. Efforts by the entire HE sector are needed to seize these opportunities. It is necessary to further correlate sectoral policies — HE with population, foreign and social policies. HEIs should improve processes related to caring for the broader relationship with foreign students. Originality/value: The paper is addressed to all interested in HE policy. The study should be seen as a contribution to the existing discussion in the issue of growth and development of HEIs. Keywords: higher education, higher education institutions, internationalization, demography. Category of the paper: research paper.

Financial internationalization of emerging country multinationals: evidence from India

PurposeFinancial internationalization is of particular importance to emerging country firms. Its significance arises from the impact of institutional void and related agency problems (common to emerging markets) on the internationalization path of these firms. Building on concepts from international finance, agency theory and institutional theory, this paper aims to examine the main aspects of financial internationalization by emerging country multinationals, namely, cross-listing, foreign ownership and foreign independent directors.Design/methodology/approachThis paper follows a multiple case study approach which is a good fit for the exploratory nature of this research. The interest is to examine the context-driven financial internationalization of each case firm and replicate the firm-level information to find a common strategy.FindingsThe findings suggest that financial internationalization by emerging country multinationals starts mainly as these firms plan to enter advanced country markets. It is a dynamic process that entails interaction between financial internationalization and real internationalization, as well as among different aspects of financial internationalization. Cross-listing comprises the first stage of the process. Then, foreign ownership, particularly foreign institutional investments, would increase gradually in response to advances in financial and factor markets. Recruiting foreign independent directors seems to be adopted last, possibly out of fear of losing control of strategic decisions.Originality/valueThis paper presents a unique perspective that delineates different stages of the process of financial internationalization by emerging country multinationals. This complements the efforts to explain the distinct path of internationalization followed by these firms and supplements scarce literature by including emerging multinationals from India where the matter has not yet attracted proper attention.

A literature review of the nexus between migration and internationalization

Protectionism and anti-globalization tides have been rising already before the COVID-19 pandemic, with Brexit and the China-U.S. trade war, as two examples. A continued disruption to global trade, investment and value chains could worsen global development. Economic recovery will require restoring firms’ ability to trade, offshore and invest globally. To achieve this, it will be useful to understand the role of migration for foreign trade, investment and other aspects of internationalization. In this paper we review and discuss over 100 papers published about migrants’ roles on international trade, foreign direct investment and offshoring. Although the evidence suggests that migration facilitates trade and internationalization, we also note substantial gaps and inconsistencies in the existing literature. The aim of this paper is to encourage further research and assist policymakers in their efforts to promote economic recovery including internationalization.