Aspects Of Innovation Activity Research Articles

НАСЫЩЕННАЯ ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ СРЕДА ШКОЛЫ КАК ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКАЯ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ

The article, in the context of the ongoing transformations and key vectors of development of the Russian school, analyzes the phenomenon of a rich innovative educational environment, various approaches, aspects of innovative activity, design of the internal and external environment as factors for the successful implementation of educational tasks. In the context of the problem considered in the article, the essence is separately analyzed and interpretation of the transdisciplinary concept of “saturation” is given. Separate ideas and provisions are proposed regarding the practical implementation of the idea of forming and using rich innovative educational environments, including the ecosystem approach, orientation towards the professional and social-personal development of participants in educational relations. Based on the results of the analysis of the “rich innovative educational environment” phenomenon, generalizing conclusions have been formulated, including regarding the continuation of its further research.

ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ: РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ

The article deals with the issues of innovative development of the Russian economy in the regional aspect. On the basis of statistical data on certain aspects of innovative activity, the existing disproportions in the innovative development of individual subjects of the Federation were studied, leading and lagging subjects of the Federation were identified. The reasons for the existing differentiation of regions in terms of the level of innovative development are determined.

Investigation of Different Water-Related Innovation Aspects within the Past Three Decades: A Case Study of Kazakhstan and Neighboring Countries

The advancement of water sustainability and reliance is highly dependent on the innovative ideas implemented in the sector. However, despite water being a vital resource, the water sector still faces many challenges in terms of innovations in comparison to other sectors. This study investigated different aspects of innovation activities in the water sector in the case of Kazakhstan and neighboring countries. The potential water-related issues calling for more innovation activities in the field are also expounded. Moreover, the potential effect of the COVID-19 global pandemic is also highlighted, based on a questionnaire survey conducted among different water-related firms. The innovation datasets were divided into three different decades to investigate the potential influence of a 10-year period on the characteristics of the innovation activities in the water sector; whereby, a p-value of approximately 0.014 was retrieved from the analysis of variance (less than the significance threshold of 0.05). As a result of our findings, it can be stated that there were statistically significant differences in terms of innovation during the three decades investigated in this study. Moreover, a relatively high correlation was observed between wastewater handling tariffs and the number of patented innovations, with a correlation coefficient of 0.868; however, there was a weak correlation between water supply tariffs and patented innovations, with a correlation coefficient of 0.333. Based on the questionnaire survey, it was observed that the innovation disruption caused by COVID-19 in terms of the motivation in water-related innovations has impacted more of the large-scale water firms than the small-scale firms. Therefore, the results derived in this study further reveal that there is a significant need to invest more towards innovation in the water sector, especially regarding large-scale firms.

Dynamics of innovation in the use of water resources in emerging markets

The advancement of water sustainability and reliance highly depends on the implementation of innovative ideas. However, despite being a vital resource, the water sector still faces many challenges in innovations compared to other industries. This study investigated three different aspects of innovation activities in the water sector in Kazakhstan, which represents a typical developing country. First, the potential water-related issues calling for more innovation activities were investigated. Second, the trend of innovation activities over 30 years was investigated with the help of patents. Third, the disruptions rendered by COVID-19 to innovation activities in the water sector were investigated through a questionnaire survey. The analysis results showed that the total volume of contaminated wastewater generated in Kazakhstan has generally increased with time. The number of water enterprises, patented water-related innovations, and total general patents showed a strong association, with correlation values ranging from 0.66 to 0.99. In all firms, regardless of the scale investigated in this study, the availability of local expertise, the culture of local organizations toward innovation, and the country’s business environment are all considered to have a significant impact on water innovation processes.

ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ЗНАЧИМОСТИ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА ДЛЯ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН

Today technological development is recognized as one of the key factors in increasing the competitiveness of national economies. In this direction, an active scientific search is being carried out both to identify the significance of the technological entrepreneurship phenomenon for innovative ecosystems, and to develop effective mechanisms for its development. This article is the contribution of the authors to the solution of the first scientific problem. The review of the literature on the Republic of Kazakhstan innovative development showed that the existing works either do not cover the significance of technological entrepreneurship for the current stage of economic development, or the studies are focused only on certain aspects of innovative activity. Therefore, a study is required to assess the dynamics and current state of innovation activity in the country and the prospects for the technological entrepreneurship development. In accordance with this goal, official statistical data were collected for the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2010–2020, characterizing the level of innovative development of the economy in accordance with the Oslo Manual’s requirements. The compiled time series of data were analyzed through an assessment of the dynamics of changes and compared with similar data from the countries of the European Union. As a result, it was found that in terms of innovative development the Republic of Kazakhstan lags far behind the leading EU countries (Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy) and is at a similar level with such countries as Lithuania, Cyprus, and Malta. For each indicator of innovative activity, the significance of the development of technological entrepreneurship was substantiated from the point of view of realizing the economic and innovative potential of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study results contribute to the understanding of the strategic opportunities for the development of innovative entrepreneurship in the Republic of Kazakhstan and can be considered both as an achieved result and as a reference point for future measures to stimulate technological innovation.

Organizational and economic aspects of innovation management in agro-industrial enterprises

The economic aspects of innovation activity are determined by the fact that innovations serve to achieve the economic goals of the enterprise, act as a means of competition and require the use of economic resources. When organizing innovation activities, it is important to take into account macroeconomic factors and intra-company conditions. The authors identify three large-scale macroeconomic factors that have a significant impact on the chain of interrelated innovations in the activities of modern Russian agro-industrial enterprises. At present, the factor of creating institutions of the digital economy is beginning to take effect, in connection with which the third wave of organizational, technological and marketing innovations and the next growth of agro-industrial production in Russia are expected. Due to the different rates of economic concentration in the three areas of the agro-industrial complex, historically, unfair vertical competition has been and remains one of the limitations for innovation at agro-industrial enterprises. In the digital economy, information about the essential conditions of concluded transactions becomes available to antimonopoly authorities in real time, which allows them to quickly develop and apply regulatory actions in cases of violations of antimonopoly legislation or in cases of “failures” of the market. It is also possible to create institutions that support fair competition in the vertical and horizontal dimensions. The opportunities that open up actualize the improvement of the conditions for innovation activity at the intra-company level.

Development of Methodology for Statistical Measurement of Innovative Activity amid Reforming of International Standards

The article presents the results of the study of the latest international standards and methods of statistical measurement of innovations developed by leading international organizations, contributing to the further development of the domestic methodology of this area of statistics. The authors identified promising directions for extending and refining knowledge on various aspects of innovative activity, including those associated with generation of new information base to analyze, conduct international comparisons and make forecasts of development of the innovative sector of the economy.The article considers up to date approaches to the measurement of innovative processes and the possibility of their adaptation to domestic practice. The paper includes revised definitions of the concepts of innovations, innovation activity, and its types. The composition and content of types of specially researched innovations, covering basic business process of organizations, are revealed; characteristics of innovation activity are identified in more detail. A new version of the Community Innovation Survey program is presented, which focuses on the study of «open innovation», including user innovations, revision of innovative activities. Some additions to the existing questionnaire are formulated.The place of innovative development of Russia compared to that in European countries is analyzed. For these purposes, the authors justified the use of the system of indicators reflecting current trends and development potential of innovations in the economy. In particular, this system includes indicators of the level of innovative activity, dynamics, and intensity of innovative activity. Based on the calculations of key indicators characterizing innovative activity in Russia, the authors concluded that over the past decade, the main characteristics of innovation activity have not significantly changed. In terms of the level of innovation activity, our country ranks 28th (7,5%), as for the intensity of expenditure on technological innovation - 9th (2,1%), in terms of the share of innovative goods and services in total sales 24th (6,5%).In conclusion, the authors formulated main methodological changes in the statistical measurement of innovative processes associated with the modernization of international standards and identified further directions for improving statistics of innovation. These directions require increased attention to monitoring the effectiveness of the tools used, and creating an information basis for making informed management decisions in the field of regulating innovation processes.

An innovative system of the agro-industrial complex: sectoral and territorial aspects

The relevance of the research topic is connected with the need to modernize and innovate the development of the agricultural sector in the context of the ongoing globalization of the world economy and the tasks of import substitution in Russia. Digital technologies have not yet reached all rural areas, which is a problem for the development of the digital economy in our country. There is a lag in the implementation of innovative products and agricultural projects from the industrial complex. This is primarily due to the lack of state financing and strict regulations of the relations existing in the agro-industrial complex. The formation of innovative systems at the level of territories (regions) cannot but include the agro-industrial complex in the system of management of innovations and investments of the region. The sectoral aspect of the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex is associated with the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and Regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets for 2013-2020. The aim of the study is to substantiate the need for the growth of intensive introduction of innovative products in the agro-industrial sector based on the interrelationships of territorial and sectoral forms of managing innovative development of the agro-industrial complex, since the agro-industrial sector is vital for the population and ensuring food and economic security. The authors demonstrate the problems of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex, present their own vision on the concept of the innovation system, including innovative products, innovative projects, innovative activities, and the innovative system of the agro-industrial complex. The sectoral and territorial (regional) aspects of innovation activities in the framework of the agro-industrial complex of the Voronezh region are considered. Certain features of the management of innovative development in these areas are analyzed. Conditions stimulating the formation of an innovation system of the agro-industrial complex are given, and a number of reasons explaining the lag in the innovative filling of the agricultural sector are also addressed in the paper.

Trends innovative development of Lviv region

The article analyzes aspects of innovative activity of enterprises and some elements of their investment support in the current conditions of increasing the influence of globalization processes and determining the comparative advantages of the region, since the introduction of innovative products is a basis for effective development of the enterprise, region and country as a whole. The analysis of the main indicators characterizing the level of innovative activity and innovation activity of the enterprises of Lviv region, in particular the volume of performed scientific and technical works; the share of enterprises that introduced innovations; volumes and structure of sources of financing of innovation activity in the Lviv region, volumes of expenses for innovative activity of enterprises and direct foreign investments into the economy of Lviv region. The peculiarities of the innovation process at the regional level are characterized and directions of activation of investment and innovation activity taking into account the comparative advantages of the region on the basis of SWOT-analysis with the definition of strengths and weaknesses and the use of opportunities and the avoidance of threats are proposed; use of foreign economic potential of the region, its borderline location and export-oriented production. The development of innovative potential and expansion of the ways of its investment support are one of the factors that play a crucial role in ensuring a comprehensive balanced development of the region, building strategic prospects for its economic growth, identifying internal problems and obstacles that hinder really assess the potential of existing ones at the local levels of development resources. The implementation of regional innovation policy involves the use of methodological approaches that ensure the coordination of the interests of economic entities in the territory with the objectives of its economic and social development. A key role in ensuring innovation activity is the choice of a particular strategy for innovation development and its implementation, as well as the level of availability of various resources in the innovation sector and the quality of management. The issue of investment and financial provision of innovative development of enterprises of the region and the search for ways of alternative financing, information awareness of enterprise management in the innovation sphere and the possibilities of adjusting the process of their application in practical activities remain relevant.

Туризм саласындағы инновациялық қызметтің теориялық аспектілері

Туризм саласындағы инновациялық қызметтің теориялық аспектілері

Justification of methodological approaches to assessing the technology transfer readiness

The object of research is methodical approaches to assessing the readiness level of technologies for transfer. One of the most aspects of innovation activity in Ukraine is the lack in the necessary and sufficient number of methodological developments that would determine the readiness level of technology for transfer from universities of business structures. Existing developments are sectoral or local and are fragmentary. In the course of scientific work, a model for assessing the readiness level of technology for transfer is developed, which should provide an understanding of the subject of technology transfer as the relationship between its participants in the creation and transfer of value added in the form of technology. A methodological toolkit is developed to assess the readiness level of technologies for a transfer based on the reliability theory of hierarchically branched systems. Application of the proposed model and methodological tools on the example of the technology of individual passive dosimetry of ionizing radiation shows that the indicator of the mathematical expectation of technology readiness for transfer is 69 %. The obtained indicator indicates the average readiness level of technology for the transfer. The proposed model and methodological tools allow to increase the level of accuracy of the received estimates; establish the nature of the interaction of the elements of the system among themselves and the like.

OPEN EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF INNOVATIVE EDUCATION

Urgency of research. The current stage of development of Ukrainian educational system is characterized by its integration into the world educational environment. This is followed by creation of a new paradigm of education aimed at developing an educated, creative person who has clear national convictions. Target setting. The urgent task is to transform the educational environment of higher educational establishment in highly organized community of progressive-minded national value systems, productive activity, able to ensure the conditions of personality who solves professional problems competently, has active citizenship behavior and positive national identity. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Environment, including an educational one, as a part of the environmental and objective environment is studied by foreign scholars (J. Gibson, W. Mace, T. Meng, M. Tourves, V. Yasvin) and domestic researchers (G. Ball, J. Bekh, E. Bondarevskaya, S. Maximov, E. Piekhota, V. Rybalko, V. Semychenko, V. Serikov, S. Sysoiev). Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Modern innovative educational environment of professional institutions appears as a dialectical combination of unity and diversity. It is extremely urgent to optimize the innovative educational environment of modern professional educational establishment institutions through the organizing of a system of interacting open spaces. The research objective. The main objective of our research is to implement the search for unity between the social educational needs at various levels and the need for the staff of educational establishments in the development of the most valuable in a context and methodological aspects of innovative activity - in the effective use of the open space system in the education of students. The statement of basic materials. The contradictions of the traditional education system are the most important objective factor, which embarrasses the conductive creation of a system of the open educational environment. Conclusions. The leading idea of our work lies in the fact that the development of the student's personality as an integrative quality is presented in axiological, cognitive, activity and personal components, formed not only in the educational process, but also in the open area of professional educational institution.

Региональные аспекты инновационной деятельности

Innovative processes, innovative projects in the current conditions of economic entities of the economy are an effective means of competition for leadership positions in the market economy and a focus on the creation of new needs, increasing profitability of products, investment.
 The work area is presented as a social, ecological and economic system. We consider innovation indicators of the Orenburg region. The problems of innovative development of the region. It presents the characteristics of innovation management at the regional level.
 The study of the regional aspects of innovation activity in the region is an attempt to develop a mechanism of innovation development of regional socio-ecological-economic system, which will allow for a continuous process of interaction between all the elements of the system and to ensure the achievement of the business entities of strategic guidelines for regional development.

Региональные аспекты развития жилищного строительства: проблемы и направления их решения

Innovative processes, innovative projects in the current conditions of economic entities of the economy are an effective means of competition for leadership positions in the market economy and a focus on the creation of new needs, increasing profitability of products, investment.
 The work area is presented as a social, ecological and economic system. We consider innovation indicators of the Orenburg region. The problems of innovative development of the region. It presents the characteristics of innovation management at the regional level.
 The study of the regional aspects of innovation activity in the region is an attempt to develop a mechanism of innovation development of regional socio-ecological-economic system, which will allow for a continuous process of interaction between all the elements of the system and to ensure the achievement of the business entities of strategic guidelines for regional development.

Assessment of Russian regions by level of innovative development

Innovation activity of Russian regions is considered in two aspects, i.e., creation of innovations and use of innovations. A methodology for assessing the regional level of innovative development is presented. In order to identify the regions’ specialization in different aspects of innovation activity, we constructed two indices of innovative development, i.e., the index of innovation creation and the index of innovation use. Each region receives a numerical estimate for its level of innovative development. Regions are ranked based on these values and assessed as developed or backward. We analyze regions appearing to be leaders in innovative development and assess the stability of their group and leadership position. It is shown that innovations are created in the same leading regions, the number of which (19 regions) remains almost the same over the entire considered period, but they are used in 41 regions, the set of which changes from year to year. Ranking of regions makes it possible to compare innovation levels and to determine strengths and weaknesses of particular innovation systems, which can be taken into account in designing state innovation policy.

(Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Innovative Activity in Modern Russia)

Russian Abstract: Статья посвящена проблемам инновационного развития страны на современном этапе. Проанализированы характерные особенности существующих условий и факторов для создания инновационного процесса. На основе проведенного исследования автором предлагается ряд рекомендаций для создания благоприятных условий ведения инновационной деятельности в России.English Abstract: Article is devoted to problems of innovative development of the country at the present time. The characteristics of the existing conditions and factors for the creation of the innovation process are analyzed. Based on the research the author proposes a number of recommendations to create favorable conditions for innovation in Russia.

ЭКОЛОГО-ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ – ОСНОВА ВЫБОРА КУРСА УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

RETRACTED ARTICLE Aim. We discuss some aspects of innovation activity in ecology (ecological rationing, new methods of bioindication and biomonitoring, waste disposal, environmental audits of territories etc.). Methods . The study was performed using the SF-36 Survey in accordance with the requirements of the International Quality of Life Assessment Project. Results . The problems of innovation in environmental management were discussed. We assessed the quality of life of the population in Dakhadayevsky district of Dagestan. New methods of bioindication and biomonitoring have been analyzed. We suggest methodological basis of environmental management, spatial and temporal variability and sustainability of ecosystems, optimal territorial units of environmental management, information support of environmental protection activities, modeling and forecasting of the natural environment, basin-landscape concept nature management. Conclusions. Anthropogenic changes in the environment to a large extent depend on the basin-landscape organization of natural processes. Local air pollution, erosion materials from agriculture, soil erosion, pollution of surface and groundwater related to the structural features of the watershed, landscape differentiation, climate, vegetation and soil cover. These population-based studies of quality of life make possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of various medical and social and economic programs aimed at improving the quality of life and well-being. They can serve as indicators of the environmental pillar of sustainable development, significantly adding to the overall picture of environmental research.

Universities in an open innovation system: a UK perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the nature and impact of higher education institution (HEI) in a distributed, open innovation system using a survey of some 600 firms in the UK.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data are used from a postal questionnaire survey of 600 firms across three UK regions: Wales, the North West and the East of England.FindingsThe analysis reveals significant differences in firm collaboration with HEIs across the UK and the value and impact that such collaborations have on firm development. The nature and effects of such collaboration vary significantly between the type of firm involved and their location and the analysis investigates this in relation to various aspects of innovative activity and firm performance.Originality/valueAlthough much of the nature and effects of such collaboration are as one would expect, some of the results are counter‐intuitive and highlight the care we should place on assessing the role of universities and other HEIs in open innovation systems.

Innovation and university collaboration: paradox and complexity within the knowledge economy

The paper will explore the nature and impact of universities and other higher education institutions (HEIs) on firms’ innovation and growth in an increasingly distributed and open innovation system, using a survey of some 400 firms in the UK. The analysis reveals significant differences in firms’ collaboration with HEIs across the UK and the value and impact that such collaborations have on a firm’s development. The nature and effects of such collaboration vary significantly between the type of firm involved and their location, and the analysis investigates this in relation to various aspects of innovative activity and firms’ performance. Much of the nature and effects of such collaboration are, as one would expect, counterintuitive and highlight the care we should place on assessing the role of universities and other HEIs in open innovation systems.

Foreign investigations in the field of game-theoretic analysis of innovations

Modern investigations dedicated to application of game theory methods to analyze different aspects of innovative activity are overviewed. The behavior of an innovative firm in competitive environment, strategies of transfer of rights to intellectual property objects, as well as ways of economic-organizing relations among participants of an innovative consortium and issues of innovative policy are considered.