Emotional Aspects Research Articles

Informasi di Balik Pemerolehan Bahasa Anak: Sebuah Tinjauan Mendalam

This research aims to explain that language acquisition refers to the process in which individuals acquire the ability to use and understand language. This process generally begins at an early age and continues throughout life. Children experience rapid language acquisition through interaction with the surrounding environment, while at older ages, language acquisition involves formal learning and exposure to language variations. Language acquisition involves several stages, including understanding phonology (sounds of language), morphology (word structure), syntax (sentence structure), semantics (meaning of words and sentences), and pragmatics (use of language in social contexts). Genetic and environmental factors play an important role in language acquisition, and each individual experiences unique language development. It is important to note that language acquisition is not only about understanding linguistic structures, but also about using language in communicative situations. This process involves complex interactions between the cognitive, social, and emotional aspects of the individual. Language acquisition is a fundamental ability that supports human communication and plays a role in overall cognitive development.

Perceived factors influencing the success of pain neuroscience education in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies

Purpose We aimed to identify the factors influencing the success of Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) in chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain from the perspective of those experiencing PNE first-hand. Materials and Methods We conducted a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. Articles were found on MEDLINE via Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, and PsycINFO up to April 2023. Eligible qualitative studies focussed on adults (>16 years old) with a diagnosis of chronic primary or secondary MSK pain who performed PNE. Thematic synthesis by Thomas and Harden was followed. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool ensured the quality of the studies, while the Confidence in Evidence from the Reviews of Qualitative Research (CERQual) approach facilitated data confidence assessment. Results Nine studies were included (188 participants). Three analytical themes were developed: (i) “Efficient Communication of Information”, emphasising the importance of accurate content transmission; (ii) “Emotional Support and Well-being”, recognising emotional aspects as integral to treatment; and (iii) “Empowerment Promotion”, focusing on information retention and personal transformation. The studies showed good quality, with moderate confidence in the evidence. Conclusions The perceived factors influencing the success of PNE are intricately related to the domain of communication, the emotional dimension of personal experience, and the capacity to be empowered.

The Effects of Glibenclamide on Cognitive Performance, Quality of Life, and Emotional Aspects Among Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with a high incidence of long-term cognitive impairment, decreased quality of life (QoL), and psychiatric disorders. The effects of glibenclamide on such outcomes in the setting of aSAH are unknown. To assess the impact of glibenclamide in patients with aSAH on cognitive performance, QoL, and emotional aspects. Patients identified with aSAH were randomly allocated to receive 5mg of glibenclamide for 21days or placebo, starting within 96hours of the ictus. After 6 months, patients were evaluated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment test (cognitive performance), Medical Outcomes Short-form Health Survey (QoL), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Screen for Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms (emotional aspects). The mean Montreal Cognitive Assessment score was 22.5 ± 6.2. No statistically significant difference was found between groups, with a mean score of 21.7 ± 6.4 in the Glibenclamide group and 23.4 ± 6.2 in the placebo group (P= 0.392). A score <23 was observed in 16 patients (35.6%) and its frequency was similar between groups (P= 0.900). The most frequently impaired domains were Attention (N= 21/45; 46.7%) and Visuospatial (18/45; 40.0%). Impairment of each domain was similar between groups (P > 0.05). In each domain, the mean score was similar between groups (P > 0.05). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores did not differ between groups (P>0.05). The mean Screen for Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms score as well as the mean scores of its domains were similar between groups (P > 0.05). Glibenclamide did not improve cognitive performance, QoL, and emotional aspects after 6 months of follow-up of aSAH survivors.

Effective Communication In Health: Strategies For Effective Work Development

Communication is a fundamental element in human life and becomes even more crucial in the context of health, where its quality can determine the success or failure of the care provided. Within health teams, effective communication is essential not only for the exchange of information but also to ensure patient safety, prevent errors, and promote a collaborative work environment. The World Health Organization (WHO) and Brazil's Ministry of Health, through Ordinance 529/2013, recognize communication as one of the priority goals for patient safety, emphasizing that failures in this process are among the main causes of errors and adverse events in care. However, communication in health goes beyond merely passing on technical information. It involves the ability to understand and respect the cultural, emotional, and ethical aspects that permeate interactions between professionals and patients, directly affecting the quality of care and the patients' perceptions of their treatment and health. In this regard, communication emerges as a complex and multifaceted process that reflects and shapes interpersonal relationships and the functioning of health organizations, being indispensable for the promotion of safe, effective, and patient-centered care. Communication is essential for human interaction and work development, particularly in the health sector. It strengthens the bonds between the interdisciplinary team and patients, being decisive for the quality and safety of the care provided. The World Health Organization (WHO) highlights that inadequate communication can lead to errors and adverse events, compromising patient safety. In Brazil, effective communication has been established as a safety goal following Ministerial Ordinance 529/2013. Communication failures are among the main causes of adverse events, but effective, clear, and understandable communication can reduce these errors. Furthermore, the communicative process in the health context is complex as it involves different professionals and technologies that influence relationships and the quality of care. Communication is also intrinsically linked to patients' cultural and individual perceptions of health and illness, influencing how they experience and interpret care. Therefore, developing communication skills is crucial to improving the quality of care and patient safety, considering the subjectivity and particularities of each individual

Revitalising Packaging Design of Children Food Brand for Marketing Strategy in China

This study examines the revitalization of packaging design for a children's food brand as a strategic tool for effective marketing in the Chinese market. With a focus on the dynamic landscape of consumer preferences and behaviors, this research underscores the significance of packaging design in capturing the attention of young consumers and their parents. By amalgamating culturally resonant elements with contemporary design trends, the study endeavors to uncover strategies that enhance brand visibility and engagement. The Chinese market, characterized by its rapid changes and distinct cultural nuances, necessitates a nuanced approach to packaging design. This study delves into the visual, sensory, and emotional aspects of packaging that contribute to brand perception. Through the analysis of case studies and consumer surveys, it elucidates the crucial role of colors, imagery, typography, and material choices in eliciting positive associations and fostering brand loyalty. The study recognizes the power of storytelling through packaging design. Children's food brands can leverage culturally relevant narratives and characters to establish an emotional connection with young consumers and their parents. This narrative-driven approach not only enhances brand recognition but also aligns with the Chinese value of family-oriented decision-making. This research highlights the strategic importance of packaging design in the context of children's food brands' marketing endeavors in China. By bridging the gap between cultural resonance and contemporary aesthetics, brands can create a lasting impact on consumers' minds. As consumer behaviors continue to evolve, an adept packaging design strategy can prove instrumental in navigating this dynamic landscape and achieving sustained market success.

Pain Interference Prior to and 1 Year After Surgery for Adult Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injury

Pain after brachial plexus injury (BPI) can be severely debilitating and is poorly understood. We hypothesized that pain interference (PI) ("the extent to which pain hinders engagement in life") would be predicted by depression, anxiety, severity of pain symptoms, and poorer preoperative muscle function. Among patients in a prospective multicenter BPI cohort study, 37 completed Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) PI questionnaires before and 1 year after surgery. At both times, participants completed anxiety and depression questionnaires and BPI-specific measures of pain symptoms, physical limitations, and emotional recovery. Surgeon-graded muscle testing, injury severity, age at the time of injury, body mass index, and time from injury to surgery were included. We performed a bivariate analysis of predictors for preoperative and 1-year PROMIS PI followed by multivariable regression modeling using stepwise selection and Bayesian Information Criterion to select covariates. Before surgery, the mean PROMIS PI score was 60.8 ± 11.0, with moderate correlations between PROMIS PI and depression, as well as between PROMIS PI and functional limitations. At 1 year after surgery, the mean PROMIS PI score was 59.7 ± 9.5. There was no difference in preoperative and 1-year PROMIS PI. There were strong correlations between PROMIS PI and pain symptoms, functional limitations, and emotional aspects of recovery at the 1-year follow-up that remained significant in multivariable regression. There were no notable associations between muscle testing and PI. Pain interference remained substantial and elevated in BPI patients 1 year after surgery. We noted strong associations between PI and pain symptoms, functional limitations, and emotional aspects of recovery. These findings demonstrate the persistence of pain as a feature throughout life after BPI and that its treatment should be considered a priority alongside efforts to improve extremity function. Prognosis IV.

Fear and Chameleon Politics in Papua, Indonesia

In this response we critique Cahyo Pamungkas and Yogi Setya Permana's proposal to see military repression in West Papua as a result of two equal factors: fear of Papuan independence and Papuan fear of military repression. They argue this in the article titled "The Role of Fear and Memory in West Papua's Ethnonationalist Conflict," published in this journal in volume 97 (1) in March 2024. While we applaud their effort at investigating the emotional aspects of the West Papua conflict, juxtaposing these two forms of fear to explain the cycle of violence in Indonesia's easternmost region fails to reflect the reality of the situation. In this article we suggest several other paths to develop a deeper comprehension of fear in Papua. Such investigations will also show the need for a shift in the general perspective on the resolution of the Papua conflict.

INTIMASY-TBI Guideline: Optimization of INTIMAcy, SexualitY, and Relationships Among Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can negatively impact intimacy, relationships, and sexual functioning through changes in physical, endocrine, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional function. Without intervention, diminished intimacy and/or sexual functioning in individuals with TBI may persist. Although most health care professionals agree that sexuality and intimacy in relationships are significant concerns and should be addressed in rehabilitation, these concerns are not typically discussed during rehabilitation and discharge planning for people with TBI. To address this gap, an expert panel of North American clinicians and researchers convened to develop evidence-informed recommendations to assist clinicians in providing a framework and guidance on how clinicians can support individuals after TBI. A systematic search of multiple databases was conducted to identify relevant evidence published from 2010 to 2023. The INTIMASY-TBI Expert Panel developed recommendations for optimizing discussions and interventions related to intimacy and sexuality for people with TBI in rehabilitation and community-based programs. For each recommendation, the experts evaluated the evidence by examining the study design and quality to determine the level of evidence. A total of 12 recommendations were developed that address the following topic areas: (1) interprofessional team training, (2) early education on the effects of TBI on intimacy, relationships, and sexuality, (3) creating individualized interventions, (4) education, assessment, and management of the causes of sexual dysfunction, and (5) providing written materials and relationship coaching to persons with TBI and their partners. Two recommendations were supported by Level A evidence, 1 was supported by Level B evidence, and 9 were supported by Level C (consensus of the INTIMASY-TBI Expert Panel) evidence. A decision algorithm was developed to assist clinicians in navigating through the recommendations. The INTIMASY-TBI Guideline is one of the first comprehensive clinical practice guidelines to offer strategies to trained clinicians to discuss the physical, psychosocial, behavioral, and emotional aspects of intimacy and sexuality with persons with TBI.

THE SOFT SCHOOL MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY

The article presents the distinctive features of school management, justifies the necessity of reviewing school management approaches and reveals the trends and possibilities of its development at the current stage. It defines the concepts of “flexible methodology”, “soft skill”, “soft competence”, “intelligent quotient”, “vital energy quotient”. It also characterizes soft skills from the point of view of communicative competence, compares the cognitive, communicative and emotional aspects of the formation and development of soft skills and emphasizes the role of flexible skills formation from the perspectives of individualization of learning and the development of individual educational tracs, justifies the role of using soft strategies in the context of the application of multi-disciplinary educational projects, reveales the concept of “school is an organization or enterprise of learners” to increase the independence of the school, the independence of the teacher, the student from the aspects of formation and development. It presents the novelty as a result of the discussion of the mentioned and other key issues, which is justified by the complex application of fsoft skills of education, teaching and upbringing, the observation of soft skills and competencies in the cognitive, communicative and emotional spheres, the discovery of the connection between emotional intelligence, mental abilities and vital energy, “the school of students is an enterprise” with the need to apply the concept.

PHÁT TRIỂN NĂNG LỰC ĐỊNH HƯỚNG NGHỀ NGHIỆP CỦA HỌC SINH QUA BÀI HỌC E-STEM “CÔNG TY THIẾT KẾ SẢN PHẨM ỨNG DỤNG CẢM BIẾN” TRONG DẠY HỌC CHUYÊN ĐỀ “MỞ ĐẦU VỀ ĐIỆN TỬ HỌC” (VẬT LÝ 11)

Based on the E-STEM theoretical framework, STEM lessons, and thematic knowledge content “Introduction to Electronics” in the 11th grade physics curriculum, the article designs the E-STEM lesson “The company designs sensor application products” to foster students’ career-oriented capabilities. Experimental results show that the lesson has an impact on the development of career-oriented competency, including STEM career awareness, STEM self-efficacy, and STEM career interest. Furthermore, although the personal emotional aspect and the decision to choose a STEM career also had an increased average score after the experimental process, it was not statistically significant. In general, students can complete tasks and respond positively to the lessons, while also having the opportunity to foster behavioral manifestations of career-oriented and physics competency. These contributions will suggest and direct the integration of E-STEM into forms of implementing STEM education in high schools in the future. Keywords: E-STEM; STEM education; entrepreneurship education; career orientation; Physics curriculum.

ASPECTOS QUE CONFEREM COMPLEXIDADE À INTERPRETAÇÃO NA PERSPECTIVA DO INTÉRPRETE EDUCACIONAL DO ENSINO MÉDIO

At the expense of a greater insertion of the deaf in the academic environment, the educational interpreter of Brazilian Sign Language – Libras, has been gaining recognition in relation to the importance of his performance in the teaching process of this student. This study explored the aspects that confer complexity to the interpretation of Portuguese for Libras in the educational environment, aiming to identify, understand and offer reflections on the elements that foster this phenomenon, in order to build new perspectives in the field of action of the educational interpreter of Libras, with emphasis on the collaborative work between the teacher and the educational interpreter. With a unique case study, through the simple self-confrontation instrument proposed by Yves Clot (2010) with an approach in the psychodynamics of work that sought to promote the reflection of one's own action during the work activity. Intertwining the conception of Sobral (2008) and the assumptions of Bakhtin (2009, 2010) that emphasize the dialogic nature of language, it argued that the meaning of words emerges from interaction in specific contexts and the field of translation that there is a need to recreate the dialogue between different cultures and social contexts. Resulting in the survey of the following elements that confer complexity. Resulting in the survey of the following elements that confer complexity to the interpretative act in the educational sphere: I) construction of concepts: from simple to complex; II) collaborative work between the teacher and the educational interpreter; III) emotional aspects in the performance of the educational interpreter.

The Psychological Impact of Anterior Teeth Caries and Treatment Needs Among Adults at King Saud University Clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Aesthetic dentistry has become increasingly important, as a smile is key to social and emotional well-being. Dental caries can greatly and persistently diminish overall oral health-related quality of life, impacting one's capacity to engage socially and maintain emotional health. The study aims to assess the psychological impact of anterior teeth caries and restorative treatment needs. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Saud University clinics. The questionnaire used in this study was developed based on previous research and structured into three main domains: demographic data, psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics, and restorative treatment needs assessment. The statistical analysis of the study's Inter-rater reliability was assessed using the Fleiss kappa coefficient. The intra-rater reliability was evaluated for all raters using Cohen's kappa, with each rater showing almost perfect agreement in dental caries and treatment option measures (p < 0.001). Results The participants who perceived the presence of anterior caries had significantly worse overall psychological impact scores than those who did not perceive having anterior caries. The overall Psychosocial Impact of the Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) score shows a more negative psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics on those needing indirect restoration than those needing direct restorations. Conclusions Anterior teeth caries significantly impacts individuals' psychological well-being, particularly in emotional and social aspects. Those perceiving the presence of anterior caries experience more significant emotional distress and social implications. The need for restorative treatment, especially indirect restoration, is associated with higher psychosocial impact and lower dental self-confidence.

Norms for 718 Persian Words in Emotional Dimensions, Animacy, and Familiarity.

Research frequently uses words as stimuli to assess cognitive and psychological processes. However, various attributes of these words, such as their semantic and emotional aspects, could potentially confound study results if not properly controlled. This study aims to establish a reliable foundation for the semantic and emotional aspects of words for research in Persian. To this end, the present study provided norms for 718 Persian nouns in arousal, valence, familiarity, and animacy dimensions. The words were selected from a previous English dataset (Warriner et al. in Behav Res Methods 45(4):1191-1207, 2013), translated into Persian, and rated by a total of 463 native Persian-speaking participants. The ratings were obtained through an online questionnaire using a 9-point Likert scale for emotional dimensions (i.e., valence and arousal) and a 5-point Likert scale for semantic dimensions (i.e., familiarity and animacy). The reliability of the ratings was measured using the split-half method, and the result indicated a high consistency of ratings in all dimensions. To assess the relationship between the emotional and semantic dimensions, Pearson correlation coefficient was conducted. Gender differences were investigated through the Mann-Whitney U test, and significant differences were observed in all dimensions. These results are compared with findings from previous studies that were conducted in various languages.

Behavioral, cognitive and emotional determinants of getting vaccinated for COVID-19 and the mediating role of institutional trust among young adults in Cyprus

BackgroundVaccination uptake is a complex behavior, influenced by numerous factors. Behavioral science theories are commonly used to explain the psychosocial determinants of an individual’s health behavior. This study examined the behavioural, cognitive, and emotional determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention based on well-established theoretical models: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM-B) and the Health Belief Model (HBM). Additionally, it examined the mediating role of institutional trust in the relationship between determinants of these models and vaccination intentions.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2022, where university students in Cyprus completed an online survey.ResultsA total of 484 university students completed the online survey, with 23.8% reporting being vaccinated with fewer than three vaccination doses and/or no intention to vaccinate further. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis showed that higher scores in institutional trust, perceived severity, motivation, physical and psychological capability were significantly associated with higher odds of intending to vaccinate. Higher psychological flexibility and not being infected with COVID-19 were also associated with higher odds of vaccination intention, but not in the final model when all determinants were included. Additionally, significant indirect effects of psychological and physical capability, motivation and perceived severity on vaccination intention were found to be mediated by institutional trust.ConclusionsWhen tackling COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy, behavioural, cognitive, and emotional aspects should be considered. Stakeholders and policymakers are advised to implement targeted vaccination programs in young people while at the same time building trust and improving their capabilities and motivation towards getting vaccinated.

Sustainable University Campuses: Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Lightscapes in Outdoor Spaces

A lightscape, as a special visual landscape, has unique temporal and spatial characteristics that traditional photometric measurements and descriptions struggle to capture accurately. Despite their significance, there is a lack of in-depth understanding of the on-site perception of lightscapes’ temporal and spatial characteristics, including in outdoor university campus spaces. This study aims to explore the temporal and spatial characteristics of outdoor lightscapes on university campuses and their potential perceptual influencing factors, providing sustainable design, planning, and management suggestions for campus lightscapes. This study was conducted in the Wushan Campus of the South China University of Technology. It employs a “lightwalk” method for on-site perception evaluation, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches to investigate the temporal and spatial characteristics of lightscapes in outdoor university campus spaces and the effect of temporal and spatial factors on lightscape perception. The main findings are as follows: (1) Meteorological, architectural, and biophilic lightscape dominate the outdoor campus lightscapes. (2) The temporal and spatial characteristics of the lightscapes are affected by changes in natural light, the transition of light sources from day to night, human activity patterns, and the functional characteristics of the site. (3) The correlation between meteorological and traffic lightscape types and lightscape perception is diminished during the evening periods. This method should be a good way to optimize water and architectural lightscape at night to alleviate discomfort. (4) In green-shaded spaces, the association between meteorological, architectural, and traffic lightscape types and the evaluations of emotional, luminous, and eventful aspects is significantly enhanced, suggesting an increase in such spaces to improve lightscape experience quality. This study advocates that the construction of buildings and environments should be “human-oriented”, paying attention to the scientific foundation that humans perceive the habitat environment through the “five senses”. Research on lightscapes’ temporal and spatial characteristics, exploration of the temporal and spatial modes of lightscape perception, and avoiding energy waste and light pollution are conducive to the design and construction of university campuses in line with the principles of sustainable development. The lightscape optimization strategies derived from this study can not only provide practical guidance for the design and management of campus but also may offer valuable recommendations for planning sustainable campus development.

Anger, fear, and frozenness: Exploring the emotive aspect of anti-police sentiment

Anti-police sentiment has emerged as a growing phenomenon in recent years, characterised by intense negative attitudes towards police. Despite increasing scholarly interest, the lack of a clear definition of anti-police sentiment hinders conceptualisation, measurement, and comparison of findings across jurisdictions. This study aims to provide conceptual clarity by employing sentiment analysis to systematically and objectively explore the emotions underlying anti-police sentiment. Analysis of the negative discourse across 1140 comments on Reddit about police, found that anti-police sentiment is associated with the emotions anger, fear, and frozenness, and potentially may trigger fight, flight, freeze responses in citizens encountering the police. Further, analysis of frequent terms highlights key social issues driving anti-police sentiment, such as police responses to domestic violence and police misconduct. The study contributes to the understanding of anti-police sentiment by identifying the underlying emotions and their potential behavioural outcomes, providing a foundation for future research and policy interventions.

Assessment of the ‘students’ perceptions of education using Dundee Ready Environment Educational Measure (DREEM) inventory at Princess Nora bint Abdulrahman University, Saudi Arabia

BackgroundEducational settings in professional health education establishments significantly shape students' academic, social, and emotional experiences. These environments encompass physical, psychological, and social infrastructures of programs or institutions, which jointly influence learning and development. This study analyzed the educational environment at Prince Nora University in Saudi Arabia, a renowned institution in health education.AimThe primary aim of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of the educational environment among students at Prince Nora University using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) inventory. The DREEM inventory is a renowned and validated tool designed to gauge students' perceptions across various dimensions of their educational experience.MethodsEmploying a cross-sectional survey design, the research gathered data from a sample of 321 students enrolled in the College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences at Prince Nord University. The DREEM inventory, which measures the academic, social, and emotional aspects of the learning environment from the student's perspective, was utilized to collect the information.ResultsThe findings from the study indicated a positive perception of the educational environment among the students, with an overall mean score of 113.84 out of 200 on the DREEM inventory. Analysis of the subscales revealed that the Student Perceptions of Atmosphere (SPoA) received the highest scores, indicating a favourable environment, while Student Social Self-Perceptions (SSSP) scored the lowest, suggesting areas that may require attention and improvement.ConclusionThe study successfully showed the utility of the DREEM inventory in assessing the educational environment at Prince Nora University, highlighting its effectiveness as a tool for understanding student perceptions. The positive overall score suggests a conducive learning atmosphere, though the disparity in subscale scores points to potential areas for enhancement. Recommendation: The research suggests that Saudi Arabian universities should implement the DREEM inventory to assess and enhance their educational settings, ultimately delivering a comprehensive and nurturing learning experience for students.

Learning approaches in students of the areas of Health Sciences belonging to a regional university in Chile

Introduction: in university education, various factors such as emotional aspects, behavior and cognitive elements influence the participation of students in the learning process. The students who achieve the best results are those who participate metacognitively, with motivation and active behavior, also considering contextual and personal factors. It is at this point where the learning approach plays a fundamental role in understanding academic performance.Methods: in the present research, 277 health sciences students from a Chilean public university were evaluated using a Spanish version of the R-SPQ-2F questionnaire to evaluate learning approaches, motives and strategies.Results: most of the students presented a predominantly deep learning approach, although with a low intensity. At the strategy level, 32.85% presented a superficial approach. Significant differences were found between the approaches and between their respective subscales.Conclusions: Those who present a deep approach usually present deep strategies and motives. The presence of deep motivation without a deep type of strategy is usually associated with a superficial approach.

The Manta mystique: Destination image and its effect on tourist citizenship behavior and willingness to sacrifice

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced tourism managers to reevaluate their strategies for attracting visitors and aiding in the recovery of destinations. This new approach emphasizes increased tourist engagement with the destination and stresses the importance of concepts like tourist citizenship behaviors and their willingness to sacrifice. This research investigates the correlations among destination image, tourist citizenship behaviors, and the willingness to sacrifice. By examining these factors, the study provides valuable information into the emotional and cognitive aspects of tourists’ interactions with the destination image and their collaborative behaviors. This information can be used to enhance the visitor experience and the attraction of the destination. Conducted in the captivating city of Manta, Ecuador, this research aims to address the gap in understanding tourists’ perceptions of South American destinations, presenting a unique perspective on the region's tourism potential. Beyond advancing tourism literature, this comprehensive study offers practical approaches for destination marketing organizations to attract tourists and enhance destination competitiveness.

Conceptualisations of good care and conflicts in live-in migrant care arrangements for people with dementia – perspectives of family caregivers in Germany

BackgroundIn Germany, live-in migrant carers provide essential social, emotional and physical support to a growing number of community-dwelling people with dementia. However, opaque legal regulations and employment models as well as a lack of formal supervision for families employing live-in migrant carers contribute to the vulnerability of these already strained arrangements. This study analyses the family caregivers’ perspective, their conceptualisations of good dementia live-in migrant care and conflicts that arise in live-in care arrangements.MethodsThe study adopted a qualitative-explorative approach. We conducted focus groups with family caregivers (n = 15) to learn about their perspectives on and experiences with live-in care as a model of home-based dementia care. Due to the restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection took place online, which enabled us to include participants from all over Germany in our sample. Data were analysed with qualitative content analysis.ResultsIn this paper, two main categories, Indicators of good live-in migrant care for people with dementia and perceived conflicts, are presented. We identified indicators applied by family caregivers to assess the quality of care provided by migrant live-in carers and its outcomes for the person with dementia. These relate primarily to interpersonal and emotional aspects and a person-centred attitude towards the person with dementia. Conflicts arise when the needs and personalities within the triad do not match, due to intransparent and unreliable work of and communication with the placement agencies, or permanent crisis as a result of the German model with alternating live-in carers.ConclusionOur findings point to the complex dynamics and relationships within live-in care triads and support the theoretical assumption that taking into account the needs of all actors involved is essential for good and stable care arrangements. The conceptualisations of family caregivers of good dementia live-in migrant care offer starting points for a scientific as well as a social and health policy debate about the future regulation of this model of care.