Aspects Of Consumer Behavior Research Articles

Customer Loyalty and its Influence on Price Wars’ Intensity in the Indonesian Lighting Industry

Several aspects of consumer behavior can increase the likelihood of price conflicts where organizations are subsequently influenced to engage in price wars. As the main aspect of business activities relates to the success of financial transactions, customer loyalty and price sensitivity becomes a decisive factor that defines market characteristics in the long run. Using quantitative survey data from respondents in the Indonesian lighting industry, this research is aimed to generate an understanding of how practitioners view their customer’s characteristics in relation to competitive interaction. The study found that within the context of competition, firms regard loyalty and sensitivity to be influenced by sufficient acceptance of price positioning strategies.

Wasting of Fresh-Packed Bread by Consumers—Influence of Shopping Behavior, Storing, Handling, and Consumer Preferences

There are few scientific papers dealing with the packaging of fresh bread and consumer preferences as to the packaging. There are also few scientific papers on consumer behavior regarding shopping routines, storing, and the use of fresh bread in connection with food waste from households. The primary scope of this study has been to gain new understanding and expertise when comparing the characteristics of consumers who report no wasting of fresh bread with those who report wasting a significant quantity of fresh bread every week. In addition, the authors have identified and analyzed the main reasons for wasting fresh-packed bread in Norway, and the way in which those reasons relate to varying aspects of consumer behavior. This expertise is important for those working in the development, production, and sale of food. It will enable them to take effective measures relating to the various consumer groups so as to prevent the waste of bread by consumers. A web-based questionnaire has been employed, with 1000 respondents, in order to collect data for the analyses. There were significant differences between the groups who reported wasting a significant amount of bread (seven slices or more a week) and groups who wasted no fresh bread at all. This was especially noticeable when focusing on age and household size. Other factors were shopping behavior, and the freezing and toasting of bread at home, which can minimize the wasting of bread. Low wasters employ clear strategies to avoid food waste (freezing, re-packing, and shopping) and these strategies are not seen in the group of high-wasters. The findings from this study may provide useful insight for those working with the development of packaging and products in the food industry, as well as those in the retail sector, as it identifies consumer preferences, viewpoints on packaging and attitudes towards the freshness of bread. As a sizeable group of consumers in this study stated that they use an additional plastic bag in addition to the original packaging, it is clear that consumers do not perceive the original packaging as being good enough to preserve the quality of fresh bread.

Monogamous versus Polygamous Brand Relationships

AbstractConsumer-brand relationship is an important aspect of consumer behavior with both theoretical and managerial implications. Extant research has framed such relationships as dyadic in nature,...

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ЧИННИКИ СПОЖИВЧОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ

Consumer behavior might be considered as a kind of economic or social behavior, but, in any case, it bases on the psychological traits of the person and depend on his motivation. The last is a trigger in the decision-making process of particular product`s purchasing. That is why one of the main approaches in describing consumer behavior is psychoanalytic theory. In contrast to the rational theory of knowledge, psychoanalysis leaves room for the irrational decisions and momentary impulses that "It" provokes. Just remind sacral consumption — the belief that not only goods are acquired, but also a certain lifestyle, hopes for improving one’s own life and etc. In general, consumption is influenced by a number of factors, among which F. Kotler mentions: cultural factors, social, personal and psychological factors. The article describes the factors of internal and external influence on the behavior of consumers, the possibilities of their influence to direct the psychological factors of behavior in marketing activities and the main psychological aspects of consumer behavior and factors that determine the choice of a particular type of consumer behavior. The main groups of factors that influence the formation and implementation of consumer behavior are analyzed, special attention is paid to socio-psychological factors: social class (eight groups: the top of society, conservatives; dominant traditionalists; traditionally working class; dominant "new"; trendsetters; avant-garde; social "dependers"; poors), reference group, communication, social norms and values, personal lifestyle. There are examples of successful and unsuccessful marketing decisions of companies that, accordingly, account or ignored the needs of their consumers in the article. By the way, for Ukrainians, the main criteria for choosing a product are: price, brand and packaging, since the psyche of the consumer is not always aimed specifically at the product and, if products are more or less uniformity, the consumer will choose one, focusing not only on the specific differences of the goods, but also on their appearance.

Izbegavanje neizvesnosti u procesu odlučivanja o kupovini

Due to the lack of knowledge and information consumers are often in a state of uncertainty in the decision-making process. Understanding the source of consumer uncertainty is essential for their better service. The aim of this paper is to get relevant scientific knowledge about the impact of uncertainty avoidance as the dimension of the national culture and the aspects of the behavior of the consumers with which it is connected (perceived risk, innovation, brand loyalty, market mavenism) in the decision-making process. Surveying consumers in the territory of Kragujevac the primary data were collected and processed in the statistical software SPSS v. 20. The results of the conducted statistical analyzes have shown that the uncertainty avoidance has significant statistical effects on the observed aspects of consumer behavior, and that all these variables together, apart from innovation, determine the purchasing decision-making process. In addition to making it possible to better understand the effects of uncertainty avoidance on consumer decisions, the paper has significant managerial implications for formulating appropriate marketing strategies.

Perceived Influential Aspects of TV Advertising

There are plethora of studies highlighting the impact of advertising on various aspects of consumer behaviour. Still, there is dearth of studies scrutinizing the advertisements by exploring the influential aspects of advertising. This study attempts to find out the various influential aspects of advertisements and how these aspects influence the product selection, lifestyle and children behaviour. Study is carried out in one of the economically developed states of India (Haryana) using stratified convenience sampling. Data is collected from 421 respondents using a structured questionnaire. Results are generated by application of factor analysis and regression analysis. Seven influential aspects of advertisements were identified in the study—influence on children, positive influence on purchase, influence on social status, influence on attitude and behaviour, negative influence, influence on perceived quality and influence on women. Study further highlighted that two influential aspects—negative influence and influence on women—do not contribute to product selection, lifestyle and children behaviour. Rest of the influential aspects were found out to be impacting either product selection, lifestyle and children behaviour.

A Study of Revisit Intention: Experiential Quality and Image of Muara Beting Tourism Site in Bekasi District

1. Introduction The tourism sector has been recognized as a mean to decrease the poverty level of a society and to facilitate the development in several new and under development areas (International Labor Organization). In Indonesia the tourism sector and the creative economy sector have generated high foreign exchange income. For example in 2013 the tourism sector and the creative economy sector have contributed US$ 10,054 billion, this number has increased from US$ 9,12 billion in 2012. The enhancement of the foreign exchange earnings were not only coming from the growth of the number of tourists, from 8 million tourists in 2010 to 8,8 million in 2011, but also from the increase in average spending from US$ 1,133 in 2012 to US$ 142 in 2013. The increase of tourism foreign exchange income quantity was followed by the improvement of quality, whereas the economy sector contributed higher export values than the import values. Creative economy has recorded a surplus in trading during 2010 to 2013 with the surplus values Rp 118 trillion, which means the foreign exchange income contribution from the creative economy sector has reached US$ 11,89 billion, so in total the tourism sector and the creative economy sector have contributed to the foreign exchange income US$ 21,95. It can be stated that the the tourism and the creative economy have contributed 11,04% of the foreign exchange income for Indonesia (Kemenparekraf, 2014). The above data shows that the availibility of local tourism site will be very helpful to increase the productivity of the local society. The increase of productivity in relation to tourism is through the level of happiness. People who have vacation usualy are happier than those who don't (Liu, 2013), and happiness will bring positive impact increasing of society's productivty (Cropanzano and Wright, 2001), because from the psycology point of view, by having vacation will increase the happiness and also will lower the stress of the society. In the research by Andereck and Nyaupane (2013), touring in outdoor environment will increase the quality of life of a person which will naturally will affect his productivity. A lot of nations and regions have serious concerns about the development of the profitable tourism site (Deng, 2011). Consumer spending in tourism site is expected to rise, especially with the emerge of the asian market as a profitable market to the tourism industry (Milman, 2009). According to Yuan and Wu (2008), there were evidence showing that both negative and positive experience were results that cannot be avoided from consuming product/service eventhough their needs and wants are different. Experience, or more specific Experiential Consumption, refers to Total results that are perceived by customer which are a combination of environment, product and service purchased (Lewis and Chambers, 2000). Hirschman and Holbrook (1982) defined experiential consumption, as an alternative which can be reffered to as hedonic consumption, as aspects of consumer behaviour that related to emotional aspect, fantasy and multi-sensory of someone's experience to a product. The nature of these experiences are important to the tourism industry because the intangible experience is the essence of the product/service that are offered by this business (Yuan and Wu, 2008). According to Titz (2008), experiential consumption or hedonic consumption are the centre of the whole comprehension of the consumer behaviour in tourism and hospitality sector. The intangibility of hospitality product must be viewed from various side to be able to fully understand this whole phenomenon. A research about the hedonic aspect from experiential consumption is closely related with this intangibility. All products of tourism and hospitality industry are always in form of experience (Williams, 2000) and can be classified as total experience (Lewis and Chambers, 2000). In addition, Schmitt (1999) suggested that various experience that are given by an organization to their customers are very important to the success of the organization. …

Consumer's Participation Model in Virtual Communities

Virtual communities are very impressive in the activities associated with the business using facilities provided on the Web and broad access to consumers. More access to users also helps virtual communities to be leading in attracting more users in competition with the other virtual communities. In this regard, providing the model of consumers' participation in virtual communities can be effective in the competitive environment from the cognitive aspects of consumer behavior. The aim of this study is to design consumers' participation model in virtual communities. The mixed method is selected as the research method and in the qualitative section, semi-structured interviews were conducted among the panel of experts; after analyzing the results using the content analysis, the designed model was finally tested. The results showed that in addition to personal and social factors and the services offered by the website, the other factors such as attitudes and we-intentions have also significant impact on the consumers' participation.

Consumers’ evaluations of the efficiency of actions to improve environmental quality: A comparative study between Brazil and China

AbstractThere is a gap in our knowledge about environmentally conscious consumers in industrialized economies and the desire to achieve sustainable economies. Given that most aspects of consumer behaviour are culture bound, this paper contributes by comparing consumers’ evaluations of the efficiency of actions to improve environmental quality in two of the most promising industrializing consumer societies: Brazil and China. The proposed conceptual framework includes environmental concerns, perceived consumer effectiveness, green attitudes, green behaviours and external motivators as constructs to explain the perception of efficient environmental support. Field research was conducted in Brazil with 1,149 respondents, and in China with 632 respondents to test the model. The results suggested that the belief that environmental quality can be improved is directly associated with consumers’ internal and external motivators. However, cultural traits drove important differences in the evaluation of the efficiency of such improvements. Specifically, Chinese people tended to rely on collective leadership to create the conditions necessary for improving environmental quality, while they remained concerned with the current status. In contrast, Brazilians accepted more personal responsibility for the results, although they face important constraints, such as the availability of products.

Introduction to Special Issue: The Habit-Driven Consumer

Introduction to Special Issue: The Habit-Driven Consumer

NEURAL Networks and Consumer Behavior: NEURAL Models, Logistic Regression, and the Behavioral Perspective Model.

This paper investigates the ability of connectionist models to explain consumer behavior, focusing on the feedforward neural network model, and explores the possibility of expanding the theoretical framework of the Behavioral Perspective Model to incorporate connectionist constructs. Numerous neural network models of varying complexity are developed to predict consumer loyalty as a crucial aspect of consumer behavior. Their performance is compared with the more traditional logistic regression model and it is found that neural networks offer consistent advantage over logistic regression in the prediction of consumer loyalty. Independently determined Utilitarian and Informational Reinforcement variables are shown to make a noticeable contribution to the explanation of consumer choice. The potential of connectionist models for predicting and explaining consumer behavior is discussed and routes for future research are suggested to investigate the predictive and explanatory capacity of connectionist models, such as neural network models, and for the integration of these into consumer behavior analysis within the theoretical framework of the Behavioral Perspective Model.

Educational Attainment, and the Joint Outcomes of Employment and Consumption in Burkina Faso: A Semi-Parametric Bivariate Modeling Approach

With UN member states formally adopting the Education 2030 Agenda through the Incheon Declaration, comes the need to evaluate the effect of education on the joint outcomes of employment and consumption for each member state, so as to get a clear picture of its value as an effective policy leverage for sustainable development in the country. To this end, this paper looks at the effects of educational attainment on the two key aspects of consumer behavior (labor force participation, and consumption spending) in Burkina Faso, using a Semi-parametric Bivariate modeling approach, and data from the National Survey on Household Living Conditions. The results show that not only is the semi-parametric modeling approach methodologically innovative because it deals with the simultaneity of labor force participation and consumption spending using conventional systems of two equations, with non-linear covariates' effects using spline approach, and non-normal bivariate distribution using copula functions; it also performs better than the classic Heckman two-step estimator based on the AIC and BIC criterion. Most importantly, it is found that a typical head of household's education level plays a positive and significant role in his/her likely participation in the labor market, and also Simultaneously contributes to higher household's per-capita food consumption and non-food consumption spending in burkina faso. Moreover, the positive and significant correlation coefficients between labor force participation and consumption spending on food and non-food items, suggest that the assumption of joint occurrence of the two processes is important. This assumption leads to a more accurate account of the effects of education and that of the other covariates in the system. Overall, the results do support the importance of education as an effective policy leverage for fighting against food insecurity and poverty in burkina faso, although care must be taken to reduce the disparities between rural and urban areas.

Enfoque econométrico de la demanda de turismo en El Salvador

<p>El autor presenta el peso relativo de cada una de las variables que determinan la demanda turística para El Salvador comprobando de manera econométrica el peso en el sector transporte en la coyuntura de las tres crisis: la crisis alimentaria, la crisis de hidrocarburos y la financiera que fueron la base sobre la cual se perfiló la crisis más aguda para los mercados internacionales por lo que es más que oportuno analizar el sector turístico de manera cuantitativa. El estudio profundiza aspectos microeconómicos del comportamiento del consumidor y los impactos económicos y sociales en la sociedad salvadoreña, principalmente.</p><p>Realidad y Reflexión Año 12, N° 36, Septiembre-Diciembre 2012: 5-40</p>

Influence of Relationship Marketing on Customer Retention in Sri Lankan Banking Industry

Banking sector has become turbulent with the immense competition; hence it is mandatory to retain customers to ensure long term survival. In contemporary business markets, Relationship Marketing (RM) is used as a new competitive weapon to conquer the minds of consumers. Most of the past studies have concentrated on the link between customer relationship management and customer retention or have treated the concepts separately. Relatively few studies have focused on the influence of RM on customer retention (CR). There is a lack of empirical evidences that directly treated this type of investigations especially in Sri Lanka. Through this study, researchers intend to measure “Influence of RM on CR with respect to the Banking Industry in Sri Lanka”. The research objectives are to identify the salient dimension of RM and to examine the influence of RM on CR. This study is descriptive, correlational and conclusive in nature. People who are visiting a bank to get the service were considered as the population for this study. A sample of 250 people from Colombo and Kandy metropolitan area was selected by using the convenience sampling technique. Person who visits a bank to get the service was taken as the unit of analysis. Paired Sample T-Test, Mean Analysis and Regression Analysis were performed to assess the hypotheses. The results demonstrated that Organizational dimension as the salient dimension of RM. And also it is identified that there is a strong positive influence of RM on CR with reference to Sri Lankan banking industry. The findings of this study contribute to the existing literature in the aspects of consumer behaviour and psychology. And the inference of this research can be used in developing strategies to enhance the level of CR through means of RM especially in the areas of training and development, creating new roles and responsibilities dedicated to RM and maintaining an effective database system to support marketing information systems which will ultimately lead banks to increase the competiveness in the banking industry and finally it contributes to the economic stability and prosperity of Sri Lanka.

Broadening the Perspective on Mobile Marketing: An Introduction

ABSTRACTThe authors elucidate the current state of the new millennium phenomenon called mobile marketing. In the process, they consider the proliferation in mobile technology and devices and comment on future possibilities in the realm of mobile marketing. Following this, they introduce and provide brief descriptions of each of the articles in this issue. Collectively, these articles enlighten the reader on aspects of consumer behavior in a mobile‐dominated marketing world.

Fantasy Sports and Gambling in Sport

Modern sports/media complex may be the result of complex inactions of communication technologies, social developments, and the increased sophistication of businesses in understanding the intrinsic and extrinsic aspects of consumer behavior. From the promotion options of print media, television and radio, to the self-engaging aspects of Internet sport coverage and gaming, the spectator is rapidly becoming an integral part of the branding process. Media, especially fantasy sports, has transcended the traditional roles of television's function as agents of exposure to engagement and personal involvement in athletic contest and its merchandising. Although the media aspect may been neglected in sports research, media research traditionally has considered sports too popular for traditional research. This paper explores some of the major topics for research that combines sports and newer forms of media exploitation for marketing purposes.

Taste Engineering: An Extended Consumer Model of Cultural Competence Constitution

Abstract Since industrialization, both beauty and refinement have been highlighted in many consumer markets, including home decoration, clothing, and fine foods and beverages. Consumers whose habitus resonates with these markets often formulate the goal of developing aesthetic expertise in them; they learn complex systems of taste evaluation to judge their aesthetic experiences. Extant research shows these systems’ effects on many aspects of consumer behavior, from information search and memory to strategies for participating in status games. This study extends consumer research by illuminating how these taste evaluation systems are constituted in consumers, after habitus has instilled generic dispositions in them. The multimethod ethnography studies US middle-class, male craft beer aficionados seeking to become connoisseurs. This work makes two main contributions to consumer research. First, it places the often-neglected world of the senses at the center of taste theorizing. It details three learning practices (benchmarking, autodidactics, and scaffolding) that consumers use to bind together the sensory and discursive dimensions of social practices. Second, it reveals interconsumer cooperation as a key mechanism in building consensus on social practices that involve ambiguous aesthetic experiences. This theorization complements prior research on status competition as a dominant type of sociality in taste-centered consumption domains.

Materialism, Status Consumption, and Market Involved Consumers

ABSTRACTMaterialism has by all accounts an important impact on many aspects of consumer behavior. The psychological mechanisms through which materialism influences behavior, however, are not well studied. This paper describes a study of the influence of materialism on shopping intensity and amount of spending that takes into account the mediating influences of three important consumer characteristics: status consumption, brand engagement in self‐concept, and market mavenism. The researchers fit a model of these relationships based on the Meta‐theoretic Model of Motivation (3M) model to data from a sample of 351 adult U.S. consumers. The model fit the data well, and the results showed that indeed, status consumption, brand engagement, and market mavenism mediate at least partially the influence of materialism on shopping and spending.

The impact of the social protest on brand commitment

Purpose This paper aims to present changes in customer brand commitment and its components in relation to the cellular and financial markets using three sets of data that were collected before, during and after the social protests of the Summer of 2011 in Israel. Design/methodology/approach The four data sets for this study were collected from an internet panel and represent the Hebrew-speaking segment of Israel’s population. The current study examines two markets; cellular provider companies and financial service companies. The surveys were carried out at different points in time which extended from April 2011 to March 2012. The first two surveys were carried out in March 2011 and May 2011, before the outbreak of the protests the Summer of 2011. A third survey was conducted in August 2011 during the protest. The last and the fourth survey was conducted in March 2012 after the wave of protests had died down. Findings The current research shows that as a result of the social protest movement, consumers have changed. They perceive brands as not being as good (perceived performance) as they were before the protest; they are less satisfied with the brands they used previously; and they are less loyal and committed to them. Practical implications The findings of this study signify a major change in marketing and in basic aspects of consumer behavior. Brands have become less important than before the protest. Testing two markets, cellular and financial, this research suggests that the social protest movement reduced the attachment of consumers to brands they most often bought. Originality/value No study has tested the impact over time of the social protest on several consumer behavior variables, including brand loyalty, brand involvement, satisfaction, consumer perceptions of their brands’ performance and brand commitment.

Aplicación del cuadrado de Greimas a los cuatro aspectos esenciales del marketing

El marketing esencial, a diferencia del marketing tradicional, identifica cuál o cuáles de los cuatro aspectos esenciales del comportamiento del consumidor son los que lo impulsan a realizar la compra. Y para ello trabaja en investigación mercadológica sobre los dos sitios fundamentales para realizar la investigación: la mente del consumidor y la mente del mercado. Del primer sitio se obtendrán las percepciones y los significados, y del segundo se determinan los códigos de comportamiento y las figuras arquetípicas que entran en juego. El artículo nos introduce en el nuevo paradigma del marketing esencial, primero identificando los dos sitios base de la investigación, luego definiendo los cuatro aspectos esenciales movilizadores del comportamiento del consumidor y finalmente determinando la relación entre estos cuatro aspectos. Todo analizado en un marco de un paradigma de marketing holístico, heurístico y ecléctico, pues integra los saberes de las ciencias y disciplinas que convergen en el marketing esencial con su base teórica, metodología y técnicas: axiología, semiología, sociología, antropología, psicología, comunicación, neurociencia aplicada al marketing y comportamiento del consumidor.