Administrative Aspects Research Articles

An Evaluation of the Public Service of the Integrated Municipal Management of Urban Solid Waste in the Galapagos and the Amazonian Region of Ecuador

Municipal solid waste (MSW) generation has become an issue for local governments due to the growing population and rising consumption. The aim of the present study was to assess the public service of SW in relation to technical, environmental, economic, social, legal, and quality indicators. Additionally, this research aimed to ascertain the waste generation and per capita production (PPC) of the municipal administration of the cantons of Loreto, Francisco de Orellana, Aguarico (province of Orellana, Ecuadorian Amazonian lowland), and Santa Cruz (Galapagos Islands). Additionally, the tariff model for small-category cantons were determined. A combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, along with a field visit, were used. As a result, from the evaluation, it was determined that the technical aspects of the municipal administration of the canton Loreto were found to have a 41.30% Conformity (C), 28.26% Minor Non-Conformity (NC−), and 30.44% Major Non-Conformity (NC+). Likewise, the canton of Francisco de Orellana showed 29.5% (C), 37.21% (NC−), and 33.29% (NC+), while the canton of Aguarico presented 25.6% (C), 43.83% (NC−), and 31.74% (NC+). Finally, the canton of Santa Cruz showed 71.74% (C), 28.26% (NC−), and 0% (NC+). Furthermore, in relation to the other aspects, the municipal administration presented Major Non-Conformity (NC+), since the final disposal phase was poorly handled. This phase is the most crucial because it pollutes the environment if it is not controlled technically. In terms of the production of municipal solid waste (MSW), the cantons of Francisco de Orellana, Loreto, and Aguarico produced 83.97 tons per day and 0.85 kg/inhab/day, 19.5 tons per day (MSW) and 0.7 kg/inhab/day, and 18.60 tons per day with 0.911 kg/inhab/day, respectively. In conclusion, this study made it possible to provide the groundwork for a management model for small-category canton municipalities that is based on the inclusive circular economy and the tariff system. This model could be used to uphold sustainability and improve the all-inclusive municipal management service of MSW in small municipalities.

Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Notaris Pengganti dalam Pembuatan Akta Melampaui Kewenangan di Indonesia

A substitute notary is a temporary official appointed to perform the duties of a primary notary during their absence, such as during leave or illness. Under Law No. 2 of 2014 concerning the Notary Office, a substitute notary holds the authority to create authentic deeds and manage protocols, similar to a primary notary. However, exceeding this authority poses significant legal risks, potentially invalidating deeds and leading to serious legal consequences. This study examines the legal responsibilities of substitute notaries in ensuring the validity of deeds they produce, emphasizing the importance of adhering to their defined authority and professional ethical standards. It aims to analyze the implications of substitute notaries exceeding their authority in drafting deeds, particularly in terms of deed validity and legal accountability. Furthermore, the research highlights the necessity of limiting substitute notary authority and implementing strict supervision to uphold the integrity of notarial practices. Using a normative legal method (juridical-normative), the study analyzes laws and regulations through a literature review and qualitative analysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. The findings reveal that the legal liability of substitute notaries for deeds made beyond their authority encompasses civil, criminal, and administrative aspects. Such actions can render deeds invalid and cause harm to the parties involved. This research contributes to the field by providing a comprehensive understanding of the legal and ethical boundaries that substitute notaries must respect, offering insights for policymakers to enhance regulatory frameworks and supervision mechanisms. It also serves as a reference for legal practitioners and scholars to identify preventive measures and solutions to mitigate the risks associated with notarial misconduct.

The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Civil Trials: Mechanism Vs. Humanism

The Pillar Theory of Law posits that the core of law is divided into two pillars: logic and morality, with justice acting as a pendulum that swings between them. The pendulum comes to rest when a balance between logic and morality is achieved. Thus, justice is realized when there is stability between logic and morality, as justice is inherently dynamic and functional. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an output of logic, while ethics is an output of morality. Philosophers universally agree that the law must evolve in line with societal advancements, particularly in the realms of digital technology and the internet. The author concludes that in civil cases, a clear distinction should be made between administrative aspects and those that fall within the judge's authority to decide. Administrative aspects of a case can be fully delegated to Artificial Intelligence, enabling swift resolution and achieving efficiency and effectiveness. However, in matters requiring judicial discretion, AI is unsuitable. Judges must adopt a persuasive and conciliatory approach to foster reconciliation, which represents the highest form of justice in resolving civil disputes.

MANAGEMENT ASPECTS OF THE INTEGRATION OF MEDICAL STATISTICS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR EFFECTIVE RESOURCE PLANNING IN THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

This article delves into the administrative aspects of integrating medical statistics and information systems, focusing on their role in enhancing the efficiency of resource planning within the healthcare system. It emphasizes the critical importance of medical statistics in the development and implementation of effective healthcare programs. These statistics provide essential data on the health status of the population, the distribution of diseases, the utilization of medical resources, and the effectiveness of healthcare services, all of which are crucial for making informed decisions at both the local and national levels. The article also identifies several barriers and challenges in the current medical data management processes, such as the lack of unified standards for data collection and the insufficient integration of information systems. These issues result in fragmented data and complicate the process of data analysis and interpretation, thereby hindering efficient decision-making and resource optimization. The study stresses the need to overcome these obstacles to ensure that medical statistics can be used more effectively to improve healthcare outcomes. In addition, the article explores the integration of various medical information systems, including the Ministry of Health's central database (CBD) and the medical institutions’ internal data management systems. It underlines the necessity for seamless data exchange between different levels of healthcare management to promote transparency, coordination, and accountability in healthcare services. Such integration is crucial for improving the overall quality of healthcare delivery and for making timely, evidence-based decisions. Furthermore, the paper addresses the need for modernizing reporting systems to ensure they align with the latest legal frameworks and to adapt to the evolving healthcare landscape. This is particularly important in the context of the ongoing war in Ukraine, where new challenges are emerging in healthcare management. The article highlights that the current systems of data reporting and collection often fail to meet the specific needs arising from the current socio-political situation, such as the monitoring of displaced persons and the need for rehabilitation services. By investigating these issues, the article aims to provide recommendations for enhancing the management of medical statistics and improving the overall functionality of healthcare systems. The ultimate goal is to create a more integrated and efficient healthcare system that can better respond to the challenges posed by both the ongoing conflict and the long-term health needs of the population.

Liability for violation of competition rules in entrepreneurial activity: Criminal and administrative aspects

According to the author’s standpoint, antitrust rules are aimed at promoting fair competition, preventing monopolies, and protecting consumers. They ensure a level playing field in entrepreneurial environment. Among other things, compliance with legislation regulating competitive relations is enforced through state coercion measures. The article argues that one of the pressing issues of modern jurisprudence is the study of the administrative and criminal aspects of liability for violation of competition rules, considering relevant circumstances. It analyzes the systemic relationship between antitrust violation proceedings, administrative infractions, and criminal offenses. The study emphases the legislator’s imperative regulation of the sequence of coercive measures applied in cases of competition rule violations. The author proposes a perspective on determining the moment an anticompetitive offense is detected, particularly for calculating reverse fines. The possibility of combining administrative and jurisdictional proceedings with criminal proceedings into a single judicial process is also explored. Given that the economy digitalization creates a new model of competition, it is proposed to introduce as an aggravating circumstance the commission of an anticompetitive action on a digital platform or using algorithms or artificial intelligence

The role of the pesantren law in strengthening the values of the boarding school tradition

The Pesantren Law holds significant importance in strengthening and preserving the traditions of pesantren, enabling these institutions to continue shaping the character and morals of the younger generation in alignment with noble Islamic values. This study examines the role of the Pesantren Law in reinforcing pesantren traditions at Pondok Pesantren Al-Arifiyah, Pekalongan City. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the findings reveal two key roles of the Pesantren Law. First, the administrative aspect enhances the values of simplicity, humility (ketawadhu'an), knowledge, and sincerity embedded in the kitab kuning (classical Islamic texts) curriculum, which must be integrated into the Simba PD Pontren system managed by the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs. Second, the financial role is evident in the utilisation of the Smart Indonesia Programme, providing learning capital for santri (students) at Al-Arifiyah. The educational outcomes of the santri are showcased during the traditional Haflah Akhirussanah ceremony, reflecting values of gratitude and creativity. This study underscores the critical role of the Pesantren Law in institutional development and the preservation of pesantren traditions while supporting student growth and educational achievements.

Health provider perspectives on establishing service linkages for treatment and follow-up from an Australian, web-based STI testing service: a qualitative study.

Background Web-based, testing for sexually transmitted infections (STI) is becoming increasingly available. However, treatment pathways from web-based services are often not well-coordinated, contributing to treatment delays and access gaps. This study investigated clinician perspectives on building service linkages with a new, web-based, STI testing service in Victoria, Australia. Methods We interviewed 16 clinicians from regional/outer metropolitan areas who are part of government-funded, primary care programs to strengthen sexual health services in Victoria. Interviews enquired about: clinician attitudes, considerations for managing referrals, compatibility with clinic systems, and broader policy/healthcare system factors. Results Clinicians were enthusiastic, perceived web-based services as complementary (not competition), and believed local treatment pathways were important for patient choice/access. They felt that administrative aspects of handling referrals from an online service could be managed without problems. To inform treatment, clinicians recommended that referral letters from the web-based service list all tests ordered, dates, and complete results. Tensions were raised regarding the utility and appropriateness of including treatment guidelines and pre-prepared prescriptions in referral letters. Respondents reported that most clinics did not stock injectable antibiotics, raising concerns by clinicians about potential treatment delays and privacy challenges related to patient-led procurement at pharmacies. Conclusions Our study suggests that clinicians are receptive to local treatment pathways being designed as part of web-based STI testing services, and strengthened service linkages could improve client access, particularly outside urban areas. Capacity-building and additional resourcing of local partner clinics may be needed to support decentralised, patient-centred treatment pathways.

Recent Development of Holding Companies Under Iraqi Law

Emerging holding companies are now a universal necessity as a result of rapidly expanding domestic and international business transactions. Due to holding companies’ significant impact on the national economy, legislation increasingly focuses on them. Concisely, the holding company dominates the administrative and financial aspects of its subsidiaries, and as a result, it casts votes on the board of directors of the subsidiary in favour of the holding company’s interests. The research is divided into three chapters; the first chapter provides a general description of the holding company. Then, clearly, holding companies in Iraq, such as recent sorts of companies, were legalized at the end of 2019 when the Iraqi Representative Council amended Company Law No. 21 and issued No. 17 of 2019 to legalize holding companies. As well, the second chapter analyses domination measures over the subsidiaries, and the third chapter pertains to the holding companies’ liability. In the conclusion, the researcher presents some results and recommendations.

The morale of disabled players and its relationship with some variables

This research aimed at detecting to morale level of disabled players as well as knowing the differences in degree of morale and influence of experience, educational achievement and age on it. The researcher used the descriptive method according the case study method in addition to the morale scale prepared by the researcher after ensuring validity, reliability, and objectivity of this scale. The subjects were (25) players from Anbar Governorate teams who participated in tournaments for 2022-2023 season. The researcher concluded that level morale of the players was low, in addition that there was no effect of educational attainment, experience, and age on the level of morale. Finally, the researcher stressed the necessity to pay attention the humanitarian, social, as well as technical and administrative aspects of clubs and federations in addition to spreading familiarity, love and affection among players and encouraging team play.

Административно-правовые аспекты изучения и оценки управленческой деятельности инспектируемого органа МВД России

Introduction. The article substantiates the relevance of studying and evaluating management activities in internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation as a basis for developing optimal ways to increase the effectiveness of the Russian Federation internal affairs system as a whole. The purpose of the study. To justify the relevance of increasing efficiency and objectivity of methods of studying and evaluating management activities in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. Methods. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical approach to scientific knowledge of social relations, which arise in the implementation of management activities in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. Analysis of the identified factors and synthesis of the results obtained in the course of the study allowed to draw conclusions on the need to use both formalised indicators and the method of expert evaluation. Special research methods such as the study of normative legal acts and documents, empirical method, method of data processing and analysis were also applied. Results. The problem of the relation of managerial activities to the assessment of its effectiveness is defined as the most significant one. The main factors (external and internal) influencing management processes and achievement of the goals setwere identified. The main concepts and terms used in departmental methods of studying and assessment of management activities in a territorial body of the Ministry of Interior of Russia were highlighted. The meaning of such terms as “rate”, “indicator”, “criterion”, “evaluation” in relation to the subject of the study is revealed. The administrative and legal aspects of studying and evaluating the management activities of the inspected body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the framework of departmental control are defined. The procedure of carrying out verification and issuing an assessment on the basis of the current regulations, including the example of the evaluation of the direction “Management activities of local authorities in the field of information provision”, is described. The most typical deficiencies and mistakes in management activities, revealed in the course of departmental control, are outlined. Their direct correlation with the efficiency of fulfillment of tasks assigned to the units is defined. Emphasis is placed on the need for continuous monitoring of the relevance and effectiveness of the assessment tools, timely implementation of necessary adjustments to the current departmental legislation, development of innovative methods of studying and evaluating management activities, including those on the basis of modern information technologies and digitalisation trends.

Hospital Management

Efficient management of the clinical, financial, and administrative aspects of a healthcare facility is the aim of a hospital management system (HMS). HMS seeks to improve patient care, simplify procedures, and maximise resource use. It functions as a centralised platform for the management of appointments, patient data, inventory, billing, and provider-to-provider communication. Through the automation of repetitive operations and provision of decision support tools, HMS enhances workflow effectiveness, minimises errors, and guarantees regulatory compliance. It also encourages patient participation, backs data-driven decision-making, and makes it easier for healthcare delivery to continuously improve quality

The Legal Consequence of Fingerprint Forgery Substitute for Signature in Authentic Deed

This research aims to comprehensively examine the juridical implications of fingerprint forgery as a substitute for signatures in authentic deeds and analyze the judicial considerations in handling such cases, using Decision Number 87/Pdt.G/2014/PN.Kpn as a case study. This normative legal research utilizes a statutory approach and a case study approach. Data analysis employs a qualitative content analysis to describe the problem and answer the research objectives. The results show that fingerprint forgery in authentic deeds has multidimensional legal consequences, covering civil, criminal, and administrative law aspects. In civil law, such a deed has the potential to be null and void due to a defect in the element of consensus, which results in the invalidity of the transfer of rights. From a criminal law perspective, this act constitutes the crime of document forgery. Meanwhile, notary publics or land deed officials involved or who are negligent may be subject to administrative sanctions. The analysis of Decision Number 87/Pdt.G/2014/PN.Kpn shows that the judicial considerations were based on the principles of legal certainty, justice, and benefit while emphasizing the importance of due diligence, integrity, and professionalism, especially for Land Deed Officials in carrying out their duties and functions to ensure the validity and authenticity of authentic deeds.

GESTÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO: ASPECTOS POLÍTICOS, ORGANIZACIONAIS E PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS DE INCLUSÃO

This study addresses school management in its political and organizational aspects that enable pedagogical practices of inclusion in the context of basic schools. The text focuses on the concepts of school management and planning to emphasize the relationships that permeate basic education, education systems and their legislation. With regard to inclusive educational management, its insertion into regular education systems stands out, having democratic-participatory management as its basic foundation for the promotion of a citizen school. From this perspective, the argument turns to the debate on the structure of the organization of administrative work in basic schools, emphasizing its dialogue with school organization, planning, democratic-participatory management and the collective construction of the teaching work environment. together with the differences, to demarcate their structuring aspects in the initial and continuing training of teachers and managers. Therefore, the objective of this text is to present the relationship between school management and inclusive education, emphasizing political, administrative aspects and educational practices.

Investigation of young girl’s perceptions about equality in local sport, games, and public spaces to evaluate the level of inclusiveness

Gender inclusion and equality are significant matters in the many countries in the world that face problems, limitations, and challenges. The new studies highlight that gender inclusion is part of cultural, social, political, and administrative foundations rather than personal beliefs. The objectives of this research were to discover the level of inclusion of girls regarding the use of playgrounds in a pre-urban area in Kigali, Rwanda. Qualitative questionnaires were arranged to ask the girls’ opinions about inclusion and equality through open-ended simple questions. Through descriptive and interpretation analyses the results were evaluated. The findings reveal that girls face problems using playgrounds and open spaces at any time. The school was restricted due to administrative operations. The girls believe that boys have priority to use spaces for sports and games rather than girls and even half of respondents mentioned bullying of boys. In conclusion, the level of inclusion and equality in the areas was low due to the perception of the girls. This result referred to the wider context of such perception that allowed exclusion and inequality such as cultural, social, political, and administrative aspects. The level of inclusion in the open spaces is higher than in the school due to some insufficient policies. The outputs of this research could lead the politicians and administrative staff to draw more effective policies and administrative guidelines to meet the needs of girls.

Automation of the medication process in Swiss hospitals: results of a survey

ObjectivesMedication management is a core process in hospital administration. The safety, timeliness and efficiency of medication distribution may be improved by automating logistical and administrative aspects of the process. Forming...

Digital learning strategies in residency education

Background New digital learning environments have transformed medical education and training, allowing students and teachers to engage in synchronous, real-time interactions and asynchronous learning activities online. Despite extensive research on the role of digital technologies in education, understanding the interplay between digital technology, work, and learning, especially in complex fields like healthcare, remains a challenge. Objective The objective of this study is to examine resident physicians’ perceptions and experiences of using a digital learning environment as part of their specialist medical training. The paper focuses on digital learning through video conferencing (virtual lectures and seminars) and related learning technologies. It aims to understand how resident physicians perceive pedagogical opportunities and challenges in digital learning environments during their medical training and what strategies they use to address these. Materials and Methods The methodological approach is qualitative, aiming to capture and understand participants’ experiences and views of digital learning. The empirical data gathered from open-ended responses to four course evaluation surveys and semi-structured interviews with nine physicians from a cohort of participants enrolled in two or more digital courses were analyzed through thematic analysis. The analysis revealed three main themes related to digital transformation of learning: sociotechnical, educational and administrative. Results The results suggest that (i) sociotechnical aspects and understanding of the context in which the learning takes place contribute to enhancing digital learning for resident physicians; (ii) insights into participants’ perceptions of digital learning emphasize that interactive communication and group discussions are significant for their learning, and (iii) administrative aspects related to course design, lecture management, and instructional support are more important in digital learning environments compared to traditional teaching and learning. Conclusion Findings from this study confirm and extend prior studies on digital learning in healthcare, contributing to a better understanding of how digital learning environments, especially virtual lectures and seminars, can be developed and integrated into residency programs and health professions education to increase their usefulness.

Os pedagogos da regência: um diálogo com o Maestro Aylton Escobar, quarto ato

The interview series "Conducting Pedagogues" represents an initiative of significant importance in both academic and artistic realms, with its central purpose being to provide an immersion into the intricate dynamics of the conducting teaching and learning process. Its primary objective is to offer insights, with both practical and didactic-pedagogical nature, to young conductors in training, extracted from the life experiences of conducting professionals. It seeks to go beyond purely technical aspects by addressing a wide range of topics, encompassing not only musical matters but also extramusical ones such as administrative, logistical, and psychopedagogical aspects. In this context, the participation of the eminent Maestro Aylton Escobar plays a central role. With a rich and diverse trajectory as a Brazilian composer and conductor, Maestro Escobar has a vast experience and profound knowledge in the field of music. His participation in the interview series offers not only an opportunity to explore his contributions and achievements but also to benefit from his unique perspectives on conducting, as outlined in the academic scope of the present text.

A Comparative Analysis Of Islamic Economic Thought: Abu Yusuf And M. Umer Chapra

This article discusses the Islamic economic thoughts of two prominent figures, Abu Yusuf and M. Umer Chapra, focusing on the main question of how their contributions in different historical contexts can provide insights for the development of Islamic economic theory. Abu Yusuf, a jurist from the Abbasid era, through his work Kitab al-Kharaj, laid the foundation of economic thought focusing on state financial administration, taxation, and social justice. In contrast, M. Umer Chapra, a contemporary economist, integrates Islamic economic principles with modern challenges such as globalization and financial instability, emphasizing the importance of moral values in economics. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach to comparatively analyze the thoughts of these two figures. The main findings indicate that despite the differences in historical context, the thoughts of Abu Yusuf and Chapra complement each other in offering solutions to achieve social justice and economic stability. Abu Yusuf focuses more on technical and administrative aspects, while Chapra emphasizes ethical and moral values. This combination of classical and modern thought provides a strong foundation for the holistic and applicable development of Islamic economics in the contemporary era.

ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ КАЗАХСТАНСКОГО КОДЕКСА ПУБЛИЧНОЙ ОТЧЕТНОСТИ KAZRC ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ РЕСУРСОВ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ АККАРГИНСКОГО РУДНОГО ПОЛЯ

The presented article covers the issues of transition of geological reporting from GKZ standards to international KAZRC standards, in relation to gold reserves of deposits of the Akkarga ore field. The fundamental differences in calculating reserves using the old and new systems, introduced from 2024, are considered. When carrying out the study, a brief description of the deposit, the methodology of the geological exploration work, and the technology of mining and processing of ores for rapid and visual data analysis were considered. A classification of ore reserves was given according to the previously used GKZ system and the new KAZRC system. The criteria for the international classification of resources and the criteria for the classification of reserves (GKZ) are analyzed and described in detail. In order to show the difference between these two systems, reserves were calculated and the mineral resources of the Akkarga ore field deposits were assessed. The results of calculating reserves showed that depending on the method used, the amount of ore and metal differs significantly. New methods for data verification are also described. Procedures are described that ensure the quality, accuracy, reliability and transparency of analytical information. New approaches to visualization and interpretation of the obtained results of quality control of geological exploration are also presented. Modifying factors are considered, including mining, technological, metallurgical, infrastructural, economic, marketing, environmental, social and administrative aspects of the Akkarginskoye deposit, used in international KAZRC standards, in the classification and assessment of mineral resources. They have shown their effectiveness in assessing risks for subsoil users. All this as a whole gives us an idea and understanding of the differences in the approaches used in assessing mineral reserves and resources.

Tantangan Pelaksanaan Program Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (BPNT) di Kelurahan Barengkok Kecamatan Leuwiliang Kabupaten Bogor

The Non-Cash Food Assistance Program (BPNT) is assistance provided by the government to Beneficiary Families (KPM) in the form of non-cash every month. Initially, the Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT) program was a replacement program for the Prosperous Rice Program (Rastra) which had several problems. Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 63 of 2017. This BPNT uses an electronic account mechanism, so it can only be used to buy food from traders or e-warongs that have collaborated with Himbara banks, but now BPNT assistance has changed to being in the form of money that is withdrawn at Bank link. This study aims to identify and analyze the obstacles faced in the implementation of the Non-Cash Food Assistance Program (BPNT) in Barengkok Village, Leuwiliang District, Bogor Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interview and observation methods. Data were collected from various sources, including beneficiaries, program implementers, and other related parties. The analysis was carried out to identify and group the main obstacles that affect the implementation of BPNT. The study identified several major obstacles in the implementation of BPNT, which were grouped into three categories: (1) Technical obstacles, including problems with infrastructure such as internet networks and EDC machines; (2) Administrative obstacles, including inaccuracies in data verification and lack of socialization about BPNT mechanisms; and (3) Socio-Economic obstacles, such as difficult access to e-warongs and low financial literacy among beneficiaries. These obstacles indicate that the implementation of BPNT in Barengkok Village faces various challenges that affect the effectiveness of the program. To improve the results and impact of BPNT, improvements need to be made in technical, administrative, and socio-economic aspects. Recommendations include improving infrastructure, improving administrative coordination, and improving education for the community.