Aspects Of Activity Research Articles

Theatre, disability and wellbeing: addressing best practice and creative outcomes across disabled and non-disabled communities through an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

ABSTRACT Background In the context of ongoing underrepresentation of disabled people and shifts in the theatre industry, this article examines the significance of personal disability understandings and how these are interpreted in relation to the wellbeing of disabled people in theatre. Methods The findings presented are part of an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis; an interdisciplinary study detailing experiences of theatre practice and disability among professional actors and directors in theatres that are funded by Arts Council England. Results One of the six emergent themes from interviews, Navigating Inexperience of Disability in Theatre, assists in considering disability understandings and aspects of actors’ wellbeing in this article. It details interpersonal and emotional competencies required of disabled people in day-to-day practice; these relate to confidence, risk, empathy, compromise, value, and contribution. Conclusions Routes to building accessibility in theatre are proposed as a shared and personal endeavour; value is placed on learning from disability as crucial in preserving wellbeing, creativity, and effective arts practices across disabled and non-disabled communities.

Policy transfer capacity: The role of individuals, organizations and systems on the adoption and internationalization of policy instruments

Contemporary policymaking has been characterized by both a progressive state involvement in the internationalization of domestic policies and the intensification of influence of global agendas which demand that states implement new practices posed by multilateral agencies. Policy transfer literature has focused on different aspects of actors’ agency, but there is lack of knowledge about the microdynamics of state capacities that enable policy transfer. At the same time, the capacity literature has paid little attention to the transnationalization of public action. This paper undertakes a theoretical discussion engaging the two literatures and proposes an analytical model to examine policy transfer capacity.

Cultural Aspects and the Sustainability of the Tasikmadu Sugar Factory as an Industrial Living Heritage in Java

Adipati Mangkunegara IV founded the Tasikmadu Sugar Factory in the Karanganyar region, Central Java, in 1871 and is still active today. The Tasikmadu sugar factory is an essential industrial heritage in Java because it is the first modern sugar factory in the Javanese kingdom that still survives its function. The existence of a sugar factory in the Javanese kingdom initiated the interaction between Javanese agrarian feudal culture and modern capitalism culture at that time. This paper aims to identify what cultural elements are present in Praja Mangkunegaran’s sugar factory environment. The cultural interactions in the sugar factory environment are then viewed from the system setting which consists of aspects of actors, activities, and places through a qualitative descriptive historical approach. The findings from the aspect of actors indicate central figures who are culturally very influential on the sugar factory production system. The activity aspect findings show that there are ritual activities in the production process that are culturally important because they are considered to determine the success of all activities in the sugar factory. The aspects of actors and activities are in line with findings from the aspect of the place, which show that rational considerations in factory buildings’ structure are related to the sacred-profane conception that is believed by the Javanese people. These cultural aspects play a role in supporting the sustainability of the Praja Mangkunegaran sugar factory.

REVITALIZATION OF MESATUA BALI CULTURE THROUGH THE DIGITAL MEDIA

This research was compiled based on a visual design study on the revitalization of the Mesatua Bali culture which was divided into 3 (three) periods, namely: the first Balinese Mesatua (oral) culture, the second period Mesatua Balinese culture (written literature), and the third period Mesatua Bali culture (digital visual). The Mesatua Bali culture is an oral tradition culture carried out by parents to their children. In this study begins by sharpening the substance and structure of research problems designed through the structure of the thinking of researchers. The design of the structure of thought focuses on the purpose of research, namely, to find out the causes and consequences of changes in the revitalization of Balinese Mesatua culture. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method, in order to meet objective data needs in conducting studies on the revitalization of Balinese Mesatua culture, this study uses data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Surgery for object research is carried out starting from observing aspects of actors, technology and targets. Furthermore, an analysis of the stimuli generated starting from space, time and atmosphere (desa-kala-patra) and the human sensory field. In the final stage a study of visual elements in visual objects is carried out starting from the composition of balance, continuity, combination, unity, typography to color. Then it is compared based on each period of the object of research with 3 (three) levels of values, namely, essential, important, and desirable to analyze aspects that influence the revitalization of the Balinese Mesat culture and dissect what are new, what remains, what was lost, and what changed from the 3 (three) periods to the revitalization of the Balinese Mesatua culture. The results of this study indicate that there is a phenomenon of change in each period from the revitalization of Balinese Mesatua culture. The phenomenon of changes occurring in the revitalization of the Balinese culture from oral to become a visual form (design) is influenced and dilaterbelak by several factors, namely: factors of actors, target factors, technological factors along with factors of space, time, atmosphere (desa-kala-patra) different in each period.

REVITALIZATION OF MESATUA BALI CULTURE THROUGH THE DIGITAL MEDIA

This research was compiled based on a visual design study on the revitalization of the Mesatua Bali culture which was divided into 3 (three) periods, namely: the first Balinese Mesatua (oral) culture, the second period Mesatua Balinese culture (written literature), and the third period Mesatua Bali culture (digital visual). The Mesatua Bali culture is an oral tradition culture carried out by parents to their children. In this study begins by sharpening the substance and structure of research problems designed through the structure of the thinking of researchers. The design of the structure of thought focuses on the purpose of research, namely, to find out the causes and consequences of changes in the revitalization of Balinese Mesatua culture. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method, in order to meet objective data needs in conducting studies on the revitalization of Balinese Mesatua culture, this study uses data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Surgery for object research is carried out starting from observing aspects of actors, technology and targets. Furthermore, an analysis of the stimuli generated starting from space, time and atmosphere (desa-kala-patra) and the human sensory field. In the final stage a study of visual elements in visual objects is carried out starting from the composition of balance, continuity, combination, unity, typography to color. Then it is compared based on each period of the object of research with 3 (three) levels of values, namely, essential, important, and desirable to analyze aspects that influence the revitalization of the Balinese Mesat culture and dissect what are new, what remains, what was lost, and what changed from the 3 (three) periods to the revitalization of the Balinese Mesatua culture. The results of this study indicate that there is a phenomenon of change in each period from the revitalization of Balinese Mesatua culture. The phenomenon of changes occurring in the revitalization of the Balinese culture from oral to become a visual form (design) is influenced and dilaterbelak by several factors, namely: factors of actors, target factors, technological factors along with factors of space, time, atmosphere (desa-kala-patra) different in each period.

Representation of social actors in Finnish, Estonian, and Russian dailies, 1905–2005

Social actors is the central category in the constructions of social reality—representation of actors is related to values, can offer behavior models and identification basis for recipients of the mass media messages. Representation of social actors definitely has changed over time and differs in cultures. In representation of social actors not only qualitative aspects of actors are important, rather their visibility in quantitative terms as well. According to the social constructionist approach, those who are more visible in the media content are visible in society as well. In the present study, the composition of social actors in Finnish, Estonian, and Russian dailies during 20th century will be analyzed. We hypothesize that transformations in those societies were accompanied by a growing plurality of social positions, more balanced gender relations, and higher visibility of minorities. We suppose that between analyzed countries we will find significant similarities and differences as well, some of them explained through common and/or individual histories of the countries, some of them are rather co-products of modernization processes reflected in analyzed countries’ mass media discourses.

A Relational Theory of Earnings Inequality

Most research on earnings adopts economist’s human capital model. In doing so, social scientists, explicitly or implicitly, cede primacy to the labor supply and demand mechanisms of neoclassical economics. In contrast we develop a model that treats actors’ claims as the central mechanism generating inequalities. In this model earnings are most proximately a result of negotiation between actors embedded in a set of social relations within organizations, a process we refer to as relational claims-making. Institutional and competitive aspects of organizational environments, as well as social distinctions within organizations themselves, provide resources and constraints on the persuasiveness and plausibility of wage claims by actors. Market mechanisms are not causally proximate to the production of wage inequality, but rather are an aspect of actor’s environments with the potential to influence the plausibility of particular claims.

The System of Maintaining “Minshuku” from the Aspect of Actors in Matsuzaki Town, West Izu Peninsula

The System of Maintaining &#8220;<i>Minshuku</i>&#8221; from the Aspect of Actors in Matsuzaki Town, West Izu Peninsula

Cross-cultural IS adoption in multinational corporations: A study of rationality

A common claim in the literature on Information Systems' implementation in the context of less developed economies or so-called “developing countries” is that the “Western” technology is at odds with the local cultural context, in particular it is believed to mismatch local rationality in the sense of the accepted ways of doing things. In this paper we investigate IS implementation in a company based in a “non-Western” context compared with IS adoption in another company in a “Western” country context. Seen as a particular form of decision-making, the adoption and implementation processes are analysed drawing on the literature on decision-making, rationality in “Western” and “non-Western” contexts. Presenting evidence from these two contexts we argue that multiple forms of rationality exist in any context and that national culture is only one aspect of actors' as well as researchers' sense-making of activities in any given context. Linking the cases back the literature we reflect on the implications of our findings for cross-cultural research of IT implementation.

AAR model: cross‐cultural developments

This research investigates cross‐cultural business networks between Australian engineering consultants and their Thai customers. A qualitative research study was conducted into business relationships, gathering data on different aspects of actors' perceptions of their relationships. The theoretical foundation of the research was the actors‐activities‐resources model, a western model developed by members of the Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Group. The results prompted an adaptation to the original model through the addition of two new constructs: network constraint and actor bond negative. A detailed description of the models’ constructs and their antecedents is given, thus contributing to the richness of data on cross‐cultural business relationships. The modified model adds to the development of a universal model of business relationships that can form the basis for applications in both western and eastern business cultures.

Justice concept development as shown in reward allocations

Ss at six age levels (range 7–22 years) were asked to allocate rewards to two actors in tasks which showed differences in number of actors' products, actors' effort, actors' relative contributions, and the logical relation of actors' contributions, respectively. Contrary both to Adams' and Piaget's justice theories, results showed a greater variation in allocations for tasks than for age. Equal allocations of reward were most frequent when actors' effort and relative contributions were different, unequal allocations were most frequent for differences in actors' products, and for differences in logical relation of contributions. Equal reward allocations were furthermore more frequent when responses were related to the shared rather than the individual aspect of actors' contributions, and when there was a personal relationship between actors.