Ash Leaf Research Articles

Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy in some common hypopigmented skin diseases.

Diagnosis of cutaneous hypopigmentation can sometimes be challenging. Dermoscopy may play a role in identifying hypo or-depigmented dermatoses. The aim was to investigate which dermoscopic criteria represent potent indicators for the diagnosis of vitiligo, nevus depigmentosus, pityriasis alba, hypopigmented pityriasis versicolor, idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis, hypopigmented mycosis fungoides (MF), lichen sclerosus et atrophicus and ash leaf hypopigmented macules of tuberous sclerosis, and evaluate their diagnostic accuracy. 168 individuals diagnosed with one of these hypopigmented disorders were evaluated for the presence or absence of predetermined dermoscopic criteria. Evaluation of dermatoscopic characteristics in each condition and analysis for sensitivity and specificity of dermatoscopic diagnosis in these hypopigmented lesions was performed. The starburst pattern, micro-koebnerization, and trichrome pattern were unique to vitiligo diagnosis. Vitiligo had higher comet-tail appearance, perifollicular pigmentation, and perilesional hyperpigmentation than other hypopigmented illnesses. Other hypopigmented lesions had greater incidence of amoeboid pattern, faint or diminished pigment network, islands of pigmentation, ill-defined boundaries, pseudopods, and widespread scaling than vitiligo. Finally, perifollicular scaling, comedo-like openings, blue-gray specks, and fibrotic regions excluded vitiligo. Dermoscopy can help identify common hypopigmented skin lesions and reduce the need for skin biopsy. Nevus depigmentosus, pityriasis alba and idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis were the top three hypopigmented dermatoses that could be diagnosed by dermoscopy with 100% sensitivity. Vitiligo was in the second rank (94.7%), followed by lichen sclerosis et atrophicus (93.3%) then hypopigmented MF at 81.2% sensitivity. Dermoscopy sensitivity was lowest in pityriasis versicolor and ash leaf macules of tuberous sclerosis (52.6% and 46.7%, respectively).

Multiple unilateral angiofibromas with a hypopigmented patch as a possible presentation of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), known as Bourneville’s disease or epiloia, is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder that may affect numerous organ systems. TSC has many forms of clinical presentation. The cutaneous features of TSC include facial angiofibromas, shagreen patches, ash leaf hypopigmented macules, periungual fibromas, forehead fibrous plaques, confetti hypopigmentation, and poliosis. Rarely, the angiofibromas in TSC have a segmental distribution. It has been suggested that the segmental expression of tuberous sclerosis may result from a postzygotic mutation. The aim of this concise communication was to describe a patient with unilateral angiofibromas associated with a hypopigmented patch. No other features of TSC were present. We think this could have been a rare presentation of TSC. Key words: Angiofibroma, Hypopigmented patch, Loss of heterozygosity (LOH), Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)

Hymenoscyphus fraxineus persistence in the ash litter

AbstractHymenoscyphus fraxineus causes ash dieback in Europe. It overwinters on ash leaf residue (rachis) within the forest litter. In late spring, the fungus produces apothecia on the rachises and releases ascospores to infect leaves. Previous studies reported that H. fraxineus was able to produce apothecia on the rachis for 5 years after the leaf infection under artificial conditions. However, ash litter is known to decompose rapidly in situ. We therefore monitored the decomposition kinetics of ash leaf debris and the persistence of the pathogen, as well as its ability to produce apothecia in the forest litter. For this, leaves shed in autumn in stands affected by ash dieback were placed in mesh bags and left in the forest litter for 6, 18 and 30 months. At each sampling period, litter mass loss and level of colonization of the rachises by H. fraxineus were measured, as was the pathogen's ability to produce apothecia on them. Despite high fragmentation, about 14% of the rachis dry weight remained in the mesh bags after 30 months, and the pathogen retained the ability to produce apothecia on these rachises. A simulation estimating the age composition of the colonized rachises present in the litter during the fruiting period was developed from these results. It shows that the persistence of H. fraxineus in old rachises of the litter represents a reservoir of inoculum that could compensate for poor colonization of autumn leaves and revive local outbreaks after years of unfavourable weather for the development of the pathogen.

Experimental investigation of Bamboo Leaf Ash and Rice Husk Ash as partial replacement cement in concrete

Construction work was mostly done in the ancient era using mudstone obtained from industry. The experimental investigation on the strength properties of M30 grade concrete, in which rice husk ash and bamboo leaf ash have largely substituted cement. One of these waste materials produced as a by-product of the rice paddy milling industry is rice husk ash (RHA). and Bamboo is used as scaffolding for the manufacture of domestic goods and construction paper. In this investigation, concrete specimens created with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of the RHAsh and BLAsh as the cement replacement percentages were used to calculate the strength-related parameters such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. Samples were examined at 7, 14, and 28 days old. Finally, it was determined that, when compared to other replacement levels, the 5% RHAsh and BLAsh replacement level in M30 grade concrete demonstrated to be greater.

Ash leaf iris spot in a case of tuberous sclerosis complex

Ash leaf iris spot in a case of tuberous sclerosis complex

To Study the Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with Tobacco Waste and Bamboo Leaf Ash with Addition of Sugarcane Fibre

Abstract: The demand for concrete is growing with the growing demand for infrastructure, energy and resources. One of these harms comes from the large emission of carbon dioxide gases during the manufacturing procedure of cement. The leaves, when dried and burnt, produce ashes that have been found to be pozzolanic. The carbohydrate content in bamboo plays an important role in its strength and in improving its health. The partial replacement of aggregates is need for the future generation of concrete structures for the environment supportable. The depletion of the natural resources gets exhausted. We have think over the alternate replacement of the materials. In present work the partial replacement of the TWA and BLA with the Cement and addition of sugarcane fibers. The optimum percentage that was noticed, was at 12&12% of cement was replaced Tobacco waste ash and Bamboo leaf ash and for reinforcement 0.6% of addition Sugar cane fibers was used. The workability of mixture increases and after that there is decrease in the workability of the concrete when we increase the percentage of TWA and BLA. A series of experiment were carried out to measure the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of the concrete. The results showed that the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength increases with the adding TWA and BLA with the Cement with addition of sugarcane fibers.

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF PAWPAW LEAF ASH AND BAMBOO LEAF ASH BLENDED CEMENT CONCRETE

The study determined the physical properties of pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash blended cement concrete, the effect of curing age on compressive strength characteristics of pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash blended cement concrete, and the effect of percentage replacement of cement with pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash blended cement concrete on compressive strength. 100 ×100×100 mm cubes specimens were cast, and the concrete compressive strengths were determined at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of curing. The control sample, with 0% BLA and PLA replacement, exhibited the highest strength at 28 days but the lowest at 7 days. The sample with 5% BLA and PLA replacement showed an increase in strength at 14 days, a decrease at 21 days, and another increase at 28 days, with the highest strength observed at 14 days. On the other hand, the samples with 10%, 15%, and 20% BLA and PLA replacement demonstrated a consistent increase in strength, although a decrease in strength was observed at 28 days. The experiment revealed that the highest compressive strength was achieved at 28 days with 0% BLA and PLA replacement, while the lowest compressive strength was observed at 7 days with 20% BLA and PLA replacement. These findings indicate that the rate of strength development in BLA and PLA blended cement concrete is slower during the early curing period (7 days) but accelerates during later ages (14 days and 21 days), with a slight decrease at 28 days. In contrast, the control sample without BLA and PLA replacement exhibited slow strength development initially (7 days) but showed faster progress at later ages. Based on the test results, 20% replacement was found to be the optimum level for both compressive strength and workability of concrete with cement partially replaced with BLA and PLA.

Tuberous Sclerosis or Bourneville-pringle disease: A rare case report

Introduction: Tuberous sclerosis or Bourneville’s disease is rare autosomal dominant neurocutaneous. Which is characterized by Skin changes, neurological issues, and the development of hamartomas in several organs that cause morbidity and mortality. The gingival hyperplasia, fibromas, hypopigmented lesion’s and enamel hypoplasia are the most typical features of presentation. The case report emphasises on the crucial clinical characteristics, radiographic characteristics, and laboratory abnormalities of Tuberous Sclerosis assisting in the early detection and treatment of such a rare illness. Case presentation: In this report, we present a case of tuberous sclerosis in a 25-year- old female who displayed abnormal body movement along with a hypopigmented macule, ash leaf spots, periungual fibroma, gum hyperplasia, and hematuria with pain in the bilateral flank. Conclusion: Our aim is to raise awareness for tuberous sclerosis by using this instance to highlight the disease's rarity and the difficulty in identifying and treating cases like this.

Experimental Analysis of the Strength and Microstructural Effects of Rice Husk Ash and Bamboo Leaf Ash on Cement-treated Lateritic Soil

Experimental Analysis of the Strength and Microstructural Effects of Rice Husk Ash and Bamboo Leaf Ash on Cement-treated Lateritic Soil

FLEXURAL STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF PAWPAW LEAF ASH AND BAMBOO LEAF ASH BLENDED CEMENT CONCRETE

This research focuses on flexural strength characteristics of pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash blended cement concrete. Several tests were carried out, according to BS and ASTM requirements to determine the physical and mechanical properties of pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash blended cement concrete, investigate the effects of curing age on flexural strength characteristics of pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash blended cement concrete and examine the effects of percentage replacement of cement with pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash blended cement concrete on flexural strength characteristics. A total of 60 cubes were cast, cured in water for 7, 14, 21 and 28days. Test results showed that the flexural strength of the concrete cubes increases with an increase in the curing age and decreases with increasing percentage replacement of cement with pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash. The optimum replacement level of pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash was obtained to be 5%. The study concluded that concrete containing the cement blends of cement and Pawpaw leaf ash and bamboo leaf ash at a replacement level of 5% is only recommendable for use in light concrete works construction.

Fungal succession in decomposing ash leaves colonized by the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus or its harmless relative Hymenoscyphus albidus.

The ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, originating from Asia, is currently threatening common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) in Europe, massive ascospore production from the saprotrophic phase being a key determinant of its invasiveness. To consider whether fungal diversity and succession in decomposing leaf litter are affected by this invader, we used ITS-1 metabarcoding to profile changes in fungal community composition during overwintering. The subjected ash leaf petioles, collected from a diseased forest and a healthy ash stand hosting the harmless ash endophyte Hymenoscyphus albidus, were incubated in the forest floor of the diseased stand between October 2017 and June 2018 and harvested at 2-3-month intervals. Total fungal DNA level showed a 3-fold increase during overwintering as estimated by FungiQuant qPCR. Petioles from the healthy site showed pronounced changes during overwintering; ascomycetes of the class Dothideomycetes were predominant after leaf shed, but the basidiomycete genus Mycena (class Agaricomycetes) became predominant by April, whereas H. albidus showed low prevalence. Petioles from the diseased site showed little change during overwintering; H. fraxineus was predominant, while Mycena spp. showed increased read proportion by June. The low species richness and evenness in petioles from the diseased site in comparison to petioles from the healthy site were obviously related to tremendous infection pressure of H. fraxineus in diseased forests. Changes in leaf litter quality, owing to accumulation of host defense phenolics in the pathogen challenged leaves, and strong saprophytic competence of H. fraxineus are other factors that probably influence fungal succession. For additional comparison, we examined fungal community structure in petioles collected in the healthy stand in August 2013 and showing H. albidus ascomata. This species was similarly predominant in these petioles as H. fraxineus was in petioles from the diseased site, suggesting that both fungi have similar suppressive effects on fungal richness in petiole/rachis segments they have secured for completion of their life cycle. However, the ability of H. fraxineus to secure the entire leaf nerve system in diseased forests, in opposite to H. albidus, impacts the general diversity and successional trajectory of fungi in decomposing ash petioles.

Effect of sugarcane bagasse ash and plantain leaf ash on geotechnical properties of clay soil from Efab Estate, Awka, Anambra State

This study investigated the feasibility of using agricultural wastes: sugarcane bagasse ash and plantain leaves ash for clay soil stabilization. The sample was mixed using five trial mixes: 0%BA:10%PLA, 3%BA:7%PLA, 5%BA:5%PLA, 7%BA :3%PLA, 10%BA:0%PLA and a control mix. Characterization of these ashes was done using the X-ray fluorescence testing method. Specific gravity, sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, compaction and California bearing ratio tests were also assessed. The clay soil was described as A-7-6 (AASHTO). After X-ray characterization, BA and PLA possessed 61.97% and 28.27% pozzolanic content respectively. From the liquid limit results, on addition of 3%BA :7%PLA, a significant decrease in values of 47.0%, 32.0% and 15.0% to 36.0%, 26.0% and 10.0% for LL, PL and PI was documented. Also, the addition of plantain leaves alone significantly decreases atterberg limit values. For compaction, 3%BA and 7%PLA recorded the least MDD value of 18.44kN/ m3 and peak value of 19.42kN/m3 at 0%BA: 10%PLA. 10%PLA and 10%BA recorded CBR soaked values of 57.8% and 62.1% whilst 7%BA:3%PLA yielded best results of 51.3% CBR soaked values. These findings reveal significant improvements in strength and index properties of the clay soil. In conclusion, bagasse ash and plantain leaves ash produce an eco-friendly stabilizer that can be utilized as subbase material in the stabilization of clay soils

The Effect of Rice Husk Ash and Pineapple Leaf Fiber on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete

This study used the cast-in-situ method to make concrete based on rice husk ash and pineapple leaf fiber. Rice husk ash and pineapple leaf fiber were used as the cement substitutes with different variations: 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. Parameters examined in this study included density, porosity, water absorption, flexural strength, and compressive strength using a universal testing machine and Material Testing equipment, which were then analyzed morphologically using SEM-EDX. The result showed a density of 2.510 × 103 − 2.451 × 103 kg/m3, porosity of 7.64 – 5.73 %, water absorption of 0.296 % – 0.243 %, compressive strength of 23.66 – 16.45 MPa, flexural Strength of 33.3 – 25.3 MPa. The morphological analysis showed that the rice husk ash and pineapple leaf fiber addition was responsible for the concrete's porous structure in this study has a porous structure. The EDX analysis result exhibited a high carbon percentage.

Synthesis and Characterization of Cu-Cr-O Phase with H2SO4 Solvent Using Sol-Gel Method

This study used the cast-in-situ method to make concrete based on rice husk ash and pineapple leaf fiber. Rice husk ash and pineapple leaf fiber were used as the cement substitutes with different variations: 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. Parameters examined in this study included density, porosity, water absorption, flexural strength, and compressive strength using a universal testing machine and Material Testing equipment, which were then analyzed morphologically using SEM-EDX. The result showed a density of 2.510 × 103 − 2.451 × 103 kg/m3, porosity of 7.64 – 5.73 %, water absorption of 0.296 % – 0.243 %, compressive strength of 23.66 – 16.45 MPa, flexural Strength of 33.3 – 25.3 MPa. The morphological analysis showed that the rice husk ash and pineapple leaf fiber addition was responsible for the concrete's porous structure in this study has a porous structure. The EDX analysis result exhibited a high carbon percentage.

34439 Diagnostic dermoscopic features of nevus depigmentosus vs ash leaf macules

Background: Hypopigmented macular lesions in early childhood can be a marker of a sinister disease like tuberous sclerosis or can be the common and innocuous nevus depigmentosus. Differentiation is done clinically and by subsequent development of features of tuberous sclerosis at an older age. We attempted to evaluate dermoscopy as a tool to distinguish between these entities.

Effects of Husk Ash Dosage and Leaf Fertilizer Concentration on the Growth and Results of Celery Plants (Apium graveolens)

This research was conducted to determine the dose of husk ash and concentration of POC Nasa leaf fertilizer on the growth and yield of celery plants. This research has been carried out from August 2021 to November 2021, in Karangasem Village, Kel. Sraten, Kac. Gatak, Kab. Sukoharjo with an altitude of 129 m above sea level.
 This study used the factorial method with a completely randomized design (CRD) pattern consisting of two treatment factors. The treatment factor was the administration of husk ash dose A (A? = without husk ash, A? = 40 grams, A? = 50 grams). Concentration of foliar fertilizer POC Nasa P (P? = without POC Nasa, P? = 2 cc/ltr, P? = 3 cc/ltr). The data obtained were analyzed with 5% variance if it had a significant effect, then it was continued with the 5% DMRT test.
 The results showed that the administration of a combination treatment of husk ash dose and concentration of POC Nasa (AxP) leaf fertilizer was significantly different to the number of leaves per strand. The treatments of various doses of husk ash were not significantly different to the six observation parameters and the concentration treatment of POC Nasa leaf fertilizer was not significantly different to the six observation parameters. The highest number of plant leaves 78 g was obtained in the combination of A?P? (husk ash 50 g and concentration of POC Nasa leaf fertilizer 2cc/?). The lowest number of plant leaves 22 g was obtained in the combination of A?P? (Husk Ash 50 g and concentration of POC Nasa Leaf Fertilizer 3cc/?).

Antifungal compounds of Chinese prickly ash against drug-resistant Candida albicans.

The leaf of Chinese prickly ash, a unique spice having typical pungent sensation, is a popular food in Southwest China with antipruritic, insecticidal and fungicidal functions, but its bioactive constituents of fungistatic capacity remain unknown. In present investigation, twenty-nine compounds were isolated from leaf of Chinese prickly ash, and their antifungal bioactivity against drug-resistant Candida albicans were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. As a result, three compounds 3, 10, 29 showed antifungal bioactivity by damage of the fungal biofilm, and they might recover sensitive of drug resistant C. albicans to Fluconazole. Then Chinese prickly ash leaf was proved to be a functional food against fungus for the first time in experiment.

First report of the ash leaf curl aphid, Prociphilus fraxinifolii in Kyrgyzstan

Between 2018-2020 malformations and some curled leaves were observed at the base of a number of Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. trees in landscaped areas in Djal microdistrict in Bishkek city, capital of the Kyrgyz Republic. In July 2021,. In July 2021, a survey has been conducted throughout city to check the presence of the newly emerged exotic pest and colonies of ash leaf curl aphid Prociphilus fraxinifolii (Riley, 1879) were observed on the green ash trees, Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. It was detected from 3 localities out of 11 in Bishkek. The rate of infestation were determined between 12 and 42%. This is the first record of the species in Kyrgyzstan.

RETRACTED: Effect of rice straw ash and palm leaf ash on the properties of ultrahigh-performance concrete

The global expansion of agricultural production has increased the amount of agricultural waste (AW). Accordingly, AW should be disposed of properly to preserve the environment. This study focuses on using rice straw ash (RSA) and palm leaf ash (PLA) as partial replacement for cement in the production of ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC). In particular, this research investigates the effect of using RSA and PLA as pozzolanic materials on the microstructure and the fresh, mechanical and physical properties of UHPC. Eleven UHPC mixtures are prepared as control mixtures without RSA and PLA. Five mixtures are used with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% RSA, whilst five residual mixtures contain 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% PLA. Results indicate the efficiency of RSA or PLA as a partial substitute (i.e. 20% of cement weight), with mechanical properties and durability better than those of the reference mixture. The microstructure analysis shows that 20% RSA or PLA yields denser concrete than the control mixture. The UHPC samples with 20% RSA and 20% PLA achieve the best results of 188.5 MPa and 185 MPa by increasing compressive strength by about 13.2% and 11.1%, respectively, compared with the control mixture at a test age of 28 days. Important mechanical properties, such as splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity, exhibit a trend similar to that of the compressive strength results for all the UHPC mixtures. The average values of splitting tensile strength and flexural strength at 28 days are about 11% and 14% of the compressive strength of the same UHPC mixtures, respectively. The significance of the current study is the relatively high cement replacement percentages of up to 50% by weight and the use of AW as replacement materials.

The importance of intraspecific variation in litter consumption rate of aquatic and terrestrial macro-detritivores

Traits of organisms vary both at inter- and intraspecific levels. For macro-detritivores inhabiting lands and waters, there is only scattered information on the relative contribution of the intraspecific level for traits like litter consumption rates. This basic knowledge is nevertheless required to know how much the intraspecific level could matter to the study of macro-detritivore communities and ecosystem processes like leaf litter decomposition. We performed a laboratory experiment, where thirty individuals each of five abundant macro-detritivore species from a stream and a meadow ecosystem fed ash (Fraxinus excelsior) leaf litter in microcosms, twice at a 1-week interval. This nested and repeated design (individuals nested within species, species within ecosystems) was setup in controlled conditions and then analysed following a variance partitioning approach with linear mixed-effect models, to assess the variance attributable to different levels of biological organisation (i.e., inter- and intraspecific level). Then, we performed the same analysis, but separately on aquatic and terrestrial datasets. From the whole dataset, we demonstrated that half of the trait variation occurred at the interspecific level and a third at the intraspecific level. The variance found at the residual level, accounting for both measurement errors and for the variation of the same individuals between the two times (i.e., intra-individual variation), was significantly lower than what was observed at the other levels of biological organisation. Variance partitioning on separate aquatic and terrestrial datasets were consistent altogether, confirming the global pattern. With this study, we stress the relevance of the intraspecific level for future trait-based approaches applied to macro-detritivores.