ASEAN Secretariat Research Articles

Asuhan Kebidanan Komprehensif Pada Ny. F Umur 30 Tahun Dengan Kekurangan Energi Kronik Di Puskesmas Kaliwadas Kabupaten Brebes Tahun 2023

The maternal mortality rate in the world is about 303,000 out of 91.45/100,000 KH (WHO, 2022). In ASEAN, the maternal mortality rate in developing countries is 239 per 100,000 (ASEAN Secretariat, 2022). In Indonesia, the maternal mortality rate in 2022 is 305/100,000 KH (Indonesian Ministry of Health, 2022). In Central Java Province, the maternal mortality rate in 2022 was 98.6/100,000 KH (Central Java Health Office, 2022). In Brebes Regency, the maternal mortality rate in 2022 was around 105 cases (Brebes Health Office, 2022). Kaliwadas Health Center in 2022 recorded 1 case of maternal mortality (Health Profile of Kaliwadas Health Center in 2022). Provide comprehensive midwifery care for pregnant women, maternity, newborns, postpartum and family planning (KB) using the Varney and SOAP management approaches. Research Methods: The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method with a comprehensive case study approach. Pregnancy midwifery care that has been given to Mrs. F aged 30 years with Chronic Energy Deficiency has been given management according to the needs of the mother, but Mrs. F still experiences SEZ until delivery. In labor, newborn, postpartum until family planning Mrs. F did not have complications and there were no gaps between theory and practice. Comprehensive midwifery care given to Mrs. F with Chronic Energy Deficiency (SEZ) has been carried out in accordance with Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) with the condition of the mother and baby is good.

Analisis Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Asean-5

This research aimed to understand the influence of unemployment, inflation, and per capita income on the ASEAN-5 poverty level. The analytical tool used is descriptive quantitative using secondary data originating from BPS, World Bank, and ASEAN Secretariat, namely time series data for 2001-2020 and cross-section data from 5 countries in ASEAN. The methodology used is to use the panel data regression method. The model used in this research is the Common Effect Model. From this research, the results showed that the Unemployment variable had a significant positive effect on the poverty level in ASEAN-5, the Inflation variable had a positive and insignificant impact on the poverty level in ASEAN-5, and the Per Capita Income variable had a negative and significant effect on the poverty level in ASEAN-5.

Analysis of the Quality of Entities Digital Platform at the ASEAN Secretariat Using WebQual 4.0

Entities associated with ASEAN are accredited organizations that adhere to the goals, principles, policies, guidelines, and other decisions of ASEAN. Accredited entities are required to support the purposes and objectives of ASEAN. ASEAN's engagement with accredited entities is determined in Article 16 and listed under Annex II of the ASEAN Charter. These Entities are also guided by rules, procedures, and criteria for the involvement of entities associated with ASEAN and its annexes. Any official organization within the Southeast Asian region that wants to be accredited must follow the applicable procedures and register to become part of the ASEAN Entities. The registration procedure involves submitting printed documents to the ASEAN Secretariat office. Over time, such procedures have faced various challenges, including environmental issues, document storage, lengthy processing times, and restrictions on physical activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the idea of digitizing the registration activities of ASEAN Entities emerged through the Entities Digital Platform (EDP). After more than two years of operation, the EDP requires evaluation and feature development to accommodate the needs of its users. Thus, the objectives of this research are to analyze Entities Digital Platform quality. This research is qualitative, with primary data obtained through questionnaires. The methods used in this research are descriptive analysis through WebQual 4.0 to assess the platform quality. Keywords: ASEAN, Entities Digital Platform, WebQual, Importance Performance Analysis.

Asuhan Kebidanan Komprehensif Pada Ny. S Umur 43 Tahun Dengan Preeklamsia dan Faktor Resiko Tinggi di BPM Ny. R Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bumiayu Kabupaten Brebes Tahun 2023

According to WHO (2022) the MMR in the world is 91.46/100,000 live births, the MMR in ASEAN (2022) is 235/100,000 live births (ASEAN secretariat, 2022). In Indonesia, the MMR in 2022 is 230/100,000 live births (Indonesian Ministry of Health, 2022). The MMR in Central Java in 2022 was 98.6/100,000 live births (Central Java Health Office, 2022) and the MMR at the Bumiayu health center in 2022 was 2 cases (Bumiayu Health Center, 2020-2022). Objective : To reduce morbidity and mortality rates of mothers and infants in Brebes district, especially the working area of Puskesmas Bumiayu. this research is a qualitative descriptive study, the type of research used in this study is using a comprehensive case study approach. Comprehensive case study research is a method for understanding individuals that is carried out interactively (Notoadmojo, 2019). Research Results : This comprehensive care found a gap in theory and practice in pregnancy and childbirth care. Conclusion: Comprehensive Midwifery Care for Mrs. S aged 43 years with preeclampsia and high risk factors at BPM Mrs. R in the working area of the bumiayu health center from third trimester pregnancy, childbirth, newborns, postpartum and family planning with the Varney and soap midwifery approach.

Initiating the Implementation of Eco-Labelling to Build the Pivot of Green Economy Growth in the Asean Economic Community

Abstract The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) seeks to align ASEAN with global “green growth” trends by developing an integrated eco-labelling standard for products traded among its member countries. This article presents a comparative study using a normative legal research method that draws lessons from other regional trade organizations, such as the European Union. The objective of this research is to determine the feasibility of designing an ASEAN Eco-labelling standard that is tailored to the characteristics of each ASEAN country’s eco-labelling policy. The labelling will be managed by an independent certification body headquartered at the ASEAN Secretariat, with representative offices in each ASEAN country.

Development of the Matrix for Regional Collaboration on Disaster Health Management in the ASEAN Region

Introduction:The ASEAN Leaders’ Declaration on Disaster Health Management (ALD on DHM) was adopted at the 31st Summit in Manila in 2017. The Plan of Action (POA) to implement the ALD on DHM was adopted by the ASEAN Health Ministers Meeting in 2019, with Regional Collaboration Committee on Disaster Health Management (RCCDHM) established as a primary implementing mechanism under the purview of ASEAN Health Cluster two and Senior Officials Meeting on Health Development (SOMHD) to operationalize the implementation of the POA with its priority areas and targets to be realized by 2025. The first RCCDHM Meeting was organized in-person in Bangkok in 2020. The RCCDHM is composed of two representatives from each ASEAN member state (AMS), one representative from the ASEAN Secretariat and one representative from AHA Centre, and the secretariat role for the RCCDHM is carried out by the Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. The RCCDHM Meeting decided to develop the Matrix of Detailed Activities (MDA) addressing the five priority areas of the POA-ALD on DHM.Method:The RCCDHM Meeting organized a core group consisting of the Philippines and Thailand to develop the MDA which identifies information on activities, expected outputs, indicators, lead country, source of support, and the timeline for achieving objectives of the POA. During the COVID-19 pandemic, online communication was applied to discuss and coordinate among the AMS.Results:The core group developed the draft MDA in consultation with the ASEAN Secretariat/Health Division. After a series of discussions, the RCCDHM endorsed the MDA which confirms necessary activities and commitment of AMS.Conclusion:The review and endorsement process for the MDA will be elevated to the higher level meetings in the ASEAN Health sector for final approval. The RCCDHM also confirmed to strengthen collaboration with other ASEAN initiatives, non-health ASEAN sectors, UN, or other international partners, and the ARCH Project.

China–Asean Relations January 2023 to March 2023: Chronology of Events

China–Asean Relations January 2023 to March 2023: Chronology of Events Ryan Ho (bio) As a research institute based in Singapore, the EAI monitors developments in relations and interactions between China and the individual countries of Southeast Asia as well as the ASEAN grouping as a whole. This material is presented in the form of (i) a chronology of events and (ii) a list of important documents. —the Editors JANUARY 2023 2nd Indonesia joins the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). The entry into force of the RCEP for Indonesia is an important step towards its full implementation. Under the RCEP, on the basis of the agreements under the China–ASEAN free trade area, Indonesia has granted zero tariff treatment to over 700 additional Chinese products, including some auto parts, motorcycles, televisions, clothing, shoes, plastic products, luggage and chemical products. China’s Ministry of Commerce says that the RCEP agreement will inject new impetus into regional economic integration, regional and global economic growth, and promote regional industrial and supply chain cooperation. 4th Chinese Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council meets with the visiting Philippines President Ferdinand Romualdez Marcos Jr. at the Great Hall of the People. Li stresses that cooperation is key to China–Philippines bilateral relations, and that maintaining peace and stability in the South China Sea serves the interests of countries in the region, including China and the Philippines. Marcos also maintains that Philippines–China [End Page 214] relations are of great importance to both sides and to the Asia-Pacific region. 14th Chinese President Xi Jinping and General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong send congratulatory letters to each other for the Spring Festival. Xi comments that China and Vietnam are a community with a shared future that bears strategic significance and China regards Vietnam as a priority in its neighbourhood diplomacy. 16th Chinese Director-General of the Department of Asian Affairs of the Foreign Ministry Liu Jinsong holds a video meeting with the Director-General of the Department of East Asian Affairs at the Thai Ministry of Foreign Affairs Chatchai Viriyavejakul. Both sides agree to expand cooperation in fields such as the digital economy and scientific and technological innovation, and help Thailand promote the bio-circular-green economic model. Both sides are also keen to explore cultural cooperation and promote development of cultural programmes. FEBRUARY 2023 4th The 22nd Meeting of ASEAN Tourism Ministers Plus Three (22nd M-ATM Plus Three), co-chaired by Indonesian Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy Sandiaga Salahuddin Uno and Japanese State Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Ishii Hiroo, takes place in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The meeting reports that ASEAN Plus Three countries recorded a year-on-year growth in international visitor arrivals by 79.36 per cent in 2022, which also translated to an optimistic outlook for the recovery of the tourism sector in the next two to three years. The meeting also acknowledges appreciation to China, Japan and Korea for the respective support from the ASEAN–China Centre, ASEAN– Japan Centre and ASEAN-Korea Centre in strengthening people-to-people connectivity and enhancing cultural understanding through various tourism activities and projects as well as their contributions to the implementation of the ASEAN Plus Three Work Plan 2021–2025. 7th Officials from China and member economies of ASEAN and the ASEAN Secretariat attend the first round of consultations on the Version 3.0 of the China–ASEAN Free Trade Area negotiations via video link. The two sides hold in-depth discussions on topics such as procedural rules, organisational arrangements and work plans for the negotiations, and set a timetable and roadmap for subsequent talks. 10th Chinese Premier Li Keqiang holds talks with Cambodian Prime Minister Samdech Techo Hun Sen at the Great Hall of the People during the [End Page 215] Prime Minister’s official visit to China. Li expresses his hope that both countries will expand exchanges and cooperation in such areas as tourism and cultural heritage protection, and step up cooperation on law enforcement and security. Hun Sen thanks China for its support for Cambodia’s rotating chairmanship of ASEAN and affirms that Cambodia is ready to work with China...

Stagnansi Perdagangan Intra ASEAN pada Periode MEA 2015: Faktor Domestik dan Interdependensi

In 2007, ASEAN member states decided to accelerate the process of regional economic integration by advancing the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community (EAC) from 2020 to 2015. Statistics from the ASEAN Secretariat in 2019 showed that intra ASEAN trade in the 2015 AEC period did not increase consistently and tended to stagnate at 20-24 percent. Meanwhile in 2020, it is expected that intra ASEAN trade can grow by up to 30 percent. This article aims to analyze why there is a phenomenon of inconsistency in the increase in intra-ASEAN trade during the 2015 AEC period taking into account domestic politics and economic interdependence of ASEAN countries. The methods used in this writing are qualitative methods that are analyzed descriptively. Data collection techniques are carried out through library studies, namely the acquisition of data from various sources both books, official news, articles, and other relevant documents. This study shows the results that ASEAN economic integration in addition to being influenced by domestic factors, is also influenced by the economic interdependence of ASEAN countries.

The effect of climate change damages on agriculture, forestry and fisheries in ASEAN countries

Countries in ASEAN region have a significant potential for the impact of climate change disruption and disasters such as El Nino, La Nina, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, floods, tropical storms, landslides, and CO2 emissions. The ASEAN Secretariat recorded a progressive increase in CO2 emission levels of around 61% from 2014 to 2025, more than 90% of transboundary haze from the expansion of large-scale commercial plantations, accumulation of plastic waste and household waste that cannot be properly recycled. The contribution of agriculture, forestry and fisheries is also relatively varied. Geographical conditions, policy orientations of each government, structure of production inputs including human resource competence and technology are thought to determine the adverse effects of climate change on the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sectors. This study focuses on the impact of climate change on the agriculture, fisheries, and forestry sectors in the ASEAN region. The analytical framework is adapted to the ASEAN Vision 2020 and ASEAN Vision 2021. In addition, a deeper analysis of several climate change impact control instruments such as polluter pays, agricultural insurance, agri-environment climate schemes and payments for environmental services will also be studied. These instruments are directed to achieve environmental sustainability in the ASEAN region.

Use of legal instruments in the ASEAN Economic Community building

ABSTRACT Using the official data of the ASEAN Secretariat, this paper applies a data-based approach to present the general trends of use of legal instruments in building the ASEAN Economic Community and ASEAN integration as a whole. ASEAN has intensified the use of legal instruments in the last five decades to reach 240 signed legal instruments by December 2020. With the frequent use of supplementary instruments, ASEAN takes a gradual and practical approach to integration. Consensus remains the key principle of decision-making in making legal instruments. There is no single legal instrument signed without consensus, even in the economic pillar. By contrast, ASEAN allows phased implementation. While a majority of ASEAN legal instruments enter into force only with full membership, many instruments also allow flexible participation (i.e., effective only among certain members). Such mechanism of flexibility is probably a way to progress integration in a group of diversity while continuing to respect the consensus principle in decision-making.

Tracking Development Cooperation Contributions to ASEAN Integration and Community Building: Options for the ASEAN Secretariat,

Attained SCOPUS CiteScore of 1.4 in 2019. Attained Journal Citation Report (JCR) Journal Impact Factor of 0.717 in 2019.SCImago Journal and Country Rank (SJR) 2019 for the Asiatic Region: Ranked 1st in Political Science and International Relations; 1st in History; and 3rd in Arts and Humanities. Ranked 19th by Google Scholar Metrics 2020 in the category of “Asian Studies and History”.

Malaysian Homestays: The Need for Standardized Regulation

This study aims to clarify regulations used among each type of registered and unregistered Malaysian homestays and to reveal issues arose regarding the implemented regulations. Selected homestays that are established by the government organizations and individuals were investigated to carry out the comparison on each homestay. Host families and persons in charge of the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture (MOTAC), the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), and the Ministry of Rural and Regional Development (MRRD) were also interviewed. Findings showed that there is only one guideline used for all types of homestays in Malaysia, which is the Malaysia Homestay Registration Guideline, established by MOTAC. MOTAC has also been selected as a leader of homestays in the Southeast Asian countries by the ASEAN Secretariat; therefore, the ASEAN Homestay Standard is also being referred. However, the implementation of this guideline and standard among other homestays unregistered with MOTAC (homestays established by MOA, MRRD, and individuals) is not compulsory, although encouraged, where they may receive equal benefits in term of facilities and promotion. Some issues arose due to the tax regulated by the local authorities, failure on homestays to be registered with MOTAC, and abandoned homestays. This study recommended that the Malaysia Homestay Registration Guideline to be standardized and regulated to all types of homestays, including individuals and unregistered homestays in Malaysia. This is important in order to reduce issues arose involving the homestay industry, providing safety and comfort to the tourists and, to help to develop rural income among host families and the rural community themselves.Keywords: Rural tourism, homestay, regulation, management, operation

China–Asean Relations October 2019 To December 2019: Chronology of Events

China–Asean Relations October 2019 To December 2019:Chronology of Events Chen Juan (bio) As a research institute based in Singapore, the EAI monitors developments in relations and interactions between China and the individual countries of Southeast Asia as well as the ASEAN grouping as a whole. This material is presented in the form of (i) a chronology of events and (ii) important documents. —the Editors OCTOBER 2019 14th China and ASEAN universities ally to deepen ASEAN–China medical and health care cooperation at the founding of the China–ASEAN University Consortium on Medicine and Health held in Beijing. The consortium, led by the Peking University Health Science Center is joined by 42 universities and medical schools in China and ASEAN countries. Its aim is to promote regional and global medical education and public health through in-depth exchanges and collaboration. 15th The 18th ASEAN–China Senior Officials' Meeting on the Implementation of the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) convenes at Dalat, Vietnam. The meeting discusses the second reading of the Code of Conduct text, reviews and confirms new maritime cooperation projects, and updates the DOC implementation plan for 2016–2021. There are concerns regarding incidents that had taken place in Vietnam's claimed exclusive economic zone. From October 13 to 14, all parties also held the 30th Joint Working Group on the DOC. Standing Committee member of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Politburo and Vice Premier of the State Council Han Zheng and Singapore Deputy Prime Minister Heng Swee [End Page 213] Keat jointly announce that the Protocol to Upgrade the China–Singapore Free Trade Agreement will come into effect on 16 October 2019. The protocol covers cooperation in six sectors contained in the original agreement, namely rules of origin, customs procedures and trade facilitation, trade remedies, service trade, investment, and economic cooperation, and adds three new sectors, namely e-commerce, competition policies and environment. Both sides agree that the adjustment of the rules of origin will be implemented on 1 January 2020. According to the Chinese side, the most significant changes made are related to investment, whereby both sides have agreed to apply "national treatment" and the "most-favoured-nation treatment" status to each other's investors. 16th The 19th Meeting of the ASEAN Plus Three (APT) Ministers on Agriculture and Forestry convenes in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. The meeting notes the progress and the significant number of activities conducted in the following areas under the ASEAN Plus Three Cooperation Strategy 2016–2025: food security; sustainable forest management; climate change mitigation and adaptation; animal and plant health and disease control; enhancement of capacity-building and human resource development; strengthening of information system and knowledge networking and exchange; enhancement of productivity, quality and marketability of agricultural products; and research and development. The APT ministers also commend the progress in the implementation of the APT Emergency Rice Reserve Agreement and the APT Food Security Information System. 18th The ASEAN–China Cooperation Fund (ACCF) Management Team is launched at the ASEAN Secretariat in Jakarta, Indonesia. ASEAN Secretary General Dato Lim Jock Hoi expresses his appreciation for China's contribution of US$11.3 million to the ACCF in 2019. The fund supports many cooperation projects including the Young Leaders' Scholarship Programme, which sponsors 23 scholars from ASEAN for their graduate studies in Chinese universities. As of September 2019, there have been 131 projects under the ACCF with an accumulated value of over US$26 million since the ACCF's establishment in 1997. 18th–20th The 2019 China–ASEAN Expo Tourism Exhibition, which aims to expand tourism cooperation and enhance service quality, kicks off in Guilin, Guangxi. The exhibition, which attracts the participation of 57 countries and regions, including ASEAN countries, features six themes, namely the Belt and Road, inbound tourism, outbound tourism, tourist consumption, tourist commodities, and Guangxi's tourist image. [End Page 214] 20th Singapore Minister for Defence Ng Eng Hen and Chinese State Councillor and Minister of National Defense Wei Fenghe sign the Enhanced Agreement on Defence Exchanges and Security Cooperation in Beijing. The enhanced agreement, besides formalising ongoing defence cooperation between the two countries and providing a...

ANALYSIS OF INDONESIAN TRADE: CASE STUDY AFTER THE AFTA AGREEMENT

The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) began in 1993. The hope of this agreement was that intra-ASEAN trade to grow rapidly turned out to be slow. Based on data from the ASEAN Secretariat in 2016, intra-ASEAN trade experienced a slow journey in the range of 20-24 percent over the past few years. This study empirically analyzed the influence of AFTA on Indonesia's trade structure towards ASEAN using TSI, GL / IIT, and CTB index. In the period of 2012-2017 Indonesia's trade balance against ASEAN suffered a loss. Despite the loss, there was a decrease in trade balance losses from 2015-2017 (after AFTA). To analyze trade there are 10 commodity classifications determined by SITC revision 3. Based on the results of the TSI analysis, there is a specialization of 6 commodities trading which have high export power. The CTB analysis is only commodities of Chemicals and related products, n.e.s, which contribute positively to Indonesian trade. For IIT analysis there are 4 commodities where the average IIT index increases after the AFTA agreement.Keywords: ASEAN, Trade, AFTA, IIT, TSI, CTBJEL Classification: F180, F140, F130

Legal Analysis of Legal Personality Organization of South East Asian Countries (ASEAN) as the Subject of International Law

ASEAN stands on August 8, 1967, under the agreement of five foreign ministers of Southeast Asian Countries namely Adam Malik (Indonesia), Tun Abdul Razak (Malaysia), Thanat Khoman (Thailand), Rajaratnam (Singapore), and Narcisco Ramos (Philippines). The ASEAN Charter is the legal and institutional framework that binds all ASEAN member countries and makes ASEAN an organization of legal status. ASEAN has immunities and privileges in the territory of the Member States as necessary to achieve its objectives. ASEAN with the ASEAN Charter being a full international organization, there are clear rules on ASEAN. Among them are the privileges and immunities for Permanent Representatives and diplomatic diplomatic agents in the ASEAN Secretariat.

Questioning the Regional Integration of Higher Education in ASEAN: Equality for All?

Regional integration in ASEAN, within the framework of ASEAN Community has three pillars. ASEAN Socio-Culture Community as one of the pillars brought the vision of equality of access toward education aligned with the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. Specifically, integration higher education is institutionally spearheaded by the ASEAN University Network (AUN) established in 1995, which currently is still the only legitimate HEI’s platform under the ASEAN Secretariat. This paper discusses the question on the exclusivity of AUN membership that had created the narratives of doubt among the non-member universities of AUN. The research is conducted with the qualitative methods in triangulation design based on the primary data taken from in-depth interview and structured focus group discussion (FGD), supplemented by the desk study on current research on the area of regional integration and higher education management. The result presented the positive view on the question posed in the research. AUN is adapting to change, with several universities are now holding the status of associate membership. AUN also stated that they are under the preparation of making scheme and procedure of new membership application. As a unique space of integration in ASEAN, AUN is continuously adjusting to accommodate the needs of the greater audience.Keywords—higher education, ASEAN University Network, inclusive, regional integration, ASEAN

Chronology of Events: October 2018 to December 2018

Chronology of Events:October 2018 to December 2018 CHEN Juan (bio) As a research institute based in Singapore, the EAI monitors developments in relations and interactions between China and the individual countries of Southeast Asia as well as the ASEAN grouping as a whole. This material is presented in the form of (i) a chronology of events and (ii) important documents. —the Editors CHINA–ASEAN RELATIONS OCTOBER 2018 TO DECEMBER 2018: CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS Compiled by CHEN Juan OCTOBER 2018 12th The 18th Meeting of the ASEAN Plus Three Ministers on Agriculture and Forestry is held in Hanoi, Vietnam. The meeting reaffirms support for the ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve (APTERR) Agreement through the signing of a protocol to amend "Attachment 2" of the agreement. The amendment extends financial contribution to the operational cost account of the APTERR Fund by five years (2018 to 2022). The Sixth ASEAN–China Ministerial Meeting on Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Cooperation, also held in Hanoi, adopts the Plan of Action for 2019–2020 that covers food safety, plant and animal inspection and quarantine. This plan also maintains the previous scopes of cooperation on the establishment of a communication system, personnel exchanges, organising trainings and seminars, collaborative research and the setting up of consultation mechanism. 13th The Sixth Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) Intersessional Ministerial Meeting is held in Singapore. The ministers from the 16 RCEP participating countries highlight the need to further narrow the gaps in market access and note the progress made in the negotiations of other chapters on rules. All RCEP participating countries are also urged to fulfil the targets set out in the Package of Year-End Deliverables, which the ministers have reiterated to be important particularly at the time of uncertainties in global trade. 18th At the Third Meeting of the China–Philippines Bilateral Consultation Mechanism on the South China Sea held in Beijing, China, both sides exchange views on issues of concern and mutually beneficial approaches to address the issues. There are also discussions about the methods to enhance maritime cooperation, and possible cooperation in joint exploration and development of maritime oil and gas. 18th–19th Leaders of 51 European and Asian countries, European Union representatives and the ASEAN Secretariat convene at the 12th Asia–Europe Meeting (ASEM), held in Brussels, Belgium under the theme "Global Partners for Global Challenges". They agree to renew support for the rules-based international order during their discussions that focus on sustainable and rules-based connectivity. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivers a speech at the meeting, urging participating countries to strengthen "soft connectivity" in areas such as institutions, policies, rules and standards in order to invigorate factors of production. On the sidelines of the ASEM, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang meets with Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc, who welcomes Chinese enterprises to build industrial parks in Vietnam. The latter also affirms willingness to jointly work with China to maintain maritime peace and stability. Cambodian Prime Minister Samdech Techo Hun Sen also meets with Chinese Premier Li on the sidelines of the ASEM. Li says that China will continue to import Cambodia's competitive agricultural products, and calls upon the two countries to enhance synergy of their development strategies and expand bilateral trade. Li also expresses China's support for Cambodia to host the next ASEM summit. Hun Sen hopes to expand practical cooperation with China in trade and agriculture, and welcomes investments from Chinese companies. Hun Sen adds that Li's visit to Cambodia and co-chairing of the Lancang–Mekong Cooperation (LMC) leaders' meeting in 2018 had injected new impetus into Cambodia–China relations and the LMC. 20th The Fifth ASEAN Defence Ministers' Meeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus) on Preventing and Countering the Threat of Terrorism, held in Singapore, discusses specific initiatives to deal with terrorism and prevent mishaps in the air for military aircraft. The ADMM-Plus convenes defence ministers from the 10 ASEAN countries and also defence ministers from Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Russia and the United States. Consensus achieved at the meeting results in the issuance of two joint statements, one on Preventing and Countering the Threat of Terrorism, and the other on Practical Confidence...

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PENDIDIKAN AKUNTANSI DALAM UPAYA MENANGGAPI PERSAINGAN MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS SWOT

Opening opportunities through the ASEAN Community as well as two inseparable sides of the coin, which provides wide job opportunities, as well as higher competition. The accountant is one of the many professions allowed in the MEA. Based on the latest data from the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education, the total Accounting Study Program in Indonesia amounted to 1,322, for all levels (forlap.ristekdikti.go.id/prodi). This is a challenge for the world of education to be able to create graduates who qualified and have international competitiveness. To support this, the world of education should have a committed management and high quality education, thus supporting the atmosphere in the learning process. As part of the realization of ASEAN's vision in 2020, the ASEAN Community (ASEAN Community) is expected to improve the development of human resources through quality education, skills and training (ASEAN Secretariat, 2008). According to Jitpaisanwattana et al. (2015), a combination of key components in management education including curicula, contents, activities, desired workforce qualification, evaluation. Therefore, the urgency of this research is to provide strategies that can be applied in the development of accounting education in facing the ASEAN Economic Community (MEA) based on the components of curicula, contents, activities, and desired workforce qualification, using SWOT analysis. The methods to be conducted in this study include the collection of secondary data and methods of observation of educational institutions, as well as experiments, FGC and interviews with accounting students follow Samsudin et al. (2015). The conclusions that can be drawn from this research are; (2) the existence of a rigid education system becomes the weakness of accounting education institutions in Indonesia, (3) the competence of accounting students in facing the opportunity of free competition it can not be said enough, (4) students are expected to be more independent in addressing personal problems, and seeking accurate information related to the needs of the world of work.

Adaptive Organizational Communication of ASEAN from an Autopoietic Systems Perspective

This article focuses on ASEAN after the establishment of its community in a systems perspective. The problem elicited in this research is how the ASEAN Secretariat's adaptive communication is able to cope with challenges stemming from the establishment. To answer the question, a case study is applied, using data collection techniques including document analysis, interview, and observation. The findings reveal that ASEAN adaptive communication has allowed the association to grow rapidly to deal with difficulties. It is not, however, as ideal as a system proposed by Luhmann.

After Indonesia's Ratification: The ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution and its Effectiveness as a Regional Environmental Governance Tool

On 20 January 2015 Indonesia deposited its instrument of ratification for the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution with the ASEAN Secretariat, becoming the last ASEAN member state to join the treaty. Haze pollution poses a serious health threat to the people of Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia, and for decades haze pollution has been a highly contentious issue among ASEAN member states. This article argues that Indonesia's ratification will not be an immediate game changer. The mechanisms of the agreement are too weak to contribute much to a reduction of haze pollution in the region. The agreement is designed according to the ASEAN way: a non-binding approach that is based on the principles of state sovereignty and non-intervention. This makes it unlikely that the agreement itself will bring about change, even now that all ASEAN member states have ratified it.