Asahi SL Research Articles

Iron and manganese content and uptake with the yield of potato tubers as affected by herbicides and biostimulants, and potato tuber nutritional value

The study material consisted of table potato tubers produced in a three-year field experiment. The following factors were examined: three potato cultivars – Bartek, Gawin and Honorata, five herbicide application methods: herbicides alone (Harrier 295 ZC and Sencor 70 WG) and mixed with growth regulators (Harrier 295 ZC + Kelpak SL, Sencor 70 WG + Asahi SL), and a control unit where weeds were mechanically controlled. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of herbicides and their mixtures with growth regulators on potato tuber nutritive value as well as iron and manganese contents and uptake with the yield of potato tubers. Iron and manganese contents of tubers and uptake with tuber yield were significantly affected by cultivars, herbicides and biostimulants applied as well as weather conditions during the growing season. The herbicides and biostimulants increased iron and manganese contents and uptake with the yield of potato tubers compared with control tubers. The highest amounts of the examined microelements were accumulated by cv. Honorata compared with cv. Bartek and Gawin. Consumption of 100 g potato tubers in 9 and 21% satisfied the daily requirement for iron and manganese, the daily requirements in the human diet being 14.0 and 2.0 mg, respectively.

ECONOMIC SUBSTANTIATION OF HERBICIDES AND BIOSTIMULANTS APPLICATION IN EDIBLE POTATOes

The purpose of this study was determine of profitability of edible potato in the conditions an application of herbicides and biostimulants. The research material was potato tubers cv. ‘Bartek’ derived from the three-year yield experiment. Mechanical and chemical treatment for herbicides and biostimulants increased total yield by 21.9% as compared to the control object. The gross margin ranged from 4883.4 PLN for the control object mechanical weeding to 13086.8 PLN for object in which application herbicid Sencor 70 WG and biostimulant Asahi SL.

Positive impact of bio-stimulators on growth and physiological activity of willow in climate change conditions

Abstract The aim of this research was to evaluate the physiological activity and growth of willow (Salix viminalis L.) plants cultivated under the conditions of adverse temperature and soil moisture content, and to assess the effect of the foliar application of Biojodis (1.0%) and Asahi SL (0.03%) bio-stimulators, or a mixture of Microcistis aeruginosa MKR 0105 and Anabaena PCC 7120 cyanobacteria under such changing growth conditions. The obtained results showed different reactions to the applied constant or periodically changed temperature and soil moisture content. The plants which grew at periodically changed adverse temperature (from -5 to 40oC) or in scantily (20% m.c.) or excessively (60% m.c.) watered soils, grew slowly, in comparison with those growing at 20oC and in optimally moistened soil (30% m.c.). Foliar application of Biojodis and Asahi SL cyanobacteria increased the growth of willow at optimal and adverse temperature or in scantily and excessively moistened soil. The changes in plant growth were associated with the changes in electrolyte leakage, activity of acid or alkaline phosphatases, RNase, index of chlorophyll content in leaves and gas exchange. The above indicates that the foliar application of the studied cyanobacteria and bio-stimulators partly alleviates the harmful impact of adverse temperature and water stress on growth and physiological activity of willow plants

The Effect of Growth Regulators and a\xa0Biostimulator on the Health Status, Yield and Yield Components of Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum\xa0L.)

In this study, the influence of potato cultivars Irga, Satina, Valfi, Blaue St. Galler and Highland Burgundy Red (HB Red), growth regulators: Bio-Algeen S‑90, Kelpak SL and Trifender WP, and the biostimulator Asahi SL on the health status of potato plants and tuber yield was investigated. The severity of late blight and early blight was estimated during the growing season. After harvest, potato tuber yield was determined according to size fractions. The applied treatments significantly reduced the severity of late blight in cv. Irga (Kelpak SL), Valfi (Bio-Algeen S-90, Kelpak SL, Trifender WP) and Blaue St. Galler (Trifender WP) in 2013. In 2015, the symptoms of early blight were significantly reduced in cv. Irga after the application of all tested bioregulators. HB Red was characterized by the best health status among the evaluated cultivars. Kelpak SL and Bio-Algeen S-90 increased the tuber yield of cvs. Irga and HB Red, respectively, in 2013, and Trifender WP increased the tuber yield of cv. Satina in 2014. In the first year of the study, the applied growth regulators and biostimulator significantly increased the percentage of medium-sized tubers of cv. Blaue St. Galler, and Bio-Algeen S-90 increased the percentage of medium-sized tubers of cv. HB Red.

Production and environmental aspects of the application of biostimulators Asahi SL, Kelpak SL and stimulator Tytanit with limited doses of nitrogen

Abstract An effective way to reduce nitric oxide emissions may be to reduce the level of nitrogen fertilization. Specialized formulations such as biostimulators are a good alternative to conventional mineral fertilization. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the application of biostimulation agents (Asahi SL, Kelpak SL, Tytanit) applied against the limited dose of nitrogen (75 kgN·ha−1) on winter wheat ‘Muszelka’, their effect was measured on the parameters: grain yield, protein content, amount of chlorophyll and root mass. No statistically significant changes in yields were observed, but after application of the Asahi SL and Kelpak SL, considerably higher values were found as compared to the controls. It should be emphasised that the applied formulations significantly affected the root mass and chlorophyll content of the leaves. Especially in the case of roots of the plants where the biostimulator Asahi was used in the phase BBCH 37, Kelpak in BBCH 23 and fertilizer Tytanit in BBCH 37. And in the case of chlorophyll objects, where Tytanit was applied in BBCH 37 and 69. In the study, significant correlation was found only between the chlorophyll content and the root mass (r = 0.54).

PROFITABILITY OF APPLICATION BIOSTIMULATORS IN WINTER RAPE CROP

The aim of the study was to conduct an economic analysis of winter rape, depending on the use of biostimulators four ways: control, Asahi SL, Silvit and Tytaniy. The data came from the Agricultural Experimental Station Zawady belonging to the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce. Seed yield stood at Asahi SL – 4.16 t/ha, Silvit – 3.96 t/ha: Titanit – 3.91 t/ha, control (without biostimulator) – 3.80 t/ha. Income from 1 ha of crops including direct payments ranged from 3449 PLN/ha (control – without biostimulator) to 3827 PLN/ha (biostimulator – Asahi SL). The largest share in the structure of direct costs incurred had the cost of fertilizer 31.1-33.0%.

Carrot root size distribution in response to biostimulant application

ABSTRACTIn 2009–2011, in Poland (53°13′N, 17°51′E), field experiments were conducted concerning the influence of biostimulants Kelpak SL and Asahi SL on the size grades of yield of carrot cv. ‘Karotan’. Kelpak SL is produced from seaweed Ecklonia maxima; Asahi SL is composed of nitrophenols. Biostimulants were sprayed from fourth-leaf stage of carrot, once, twice or three times in growing period. Seaweed extract was used at total doses of: 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 l ha−1, while Asahi SL at 1 l ha−1. It was found that biostimulants had a favourable effect on total and commercial root yield, but this effect was dependent on the type of preparation, the dose, the time and the number of treatments. The best results in increasing the commercial yield were achieved after a single application of Kelpak SL at doses 2 or 3 l ha−1 at the fourth-leaf stage (13.1% and 12.4% respectively, compared to the control). Both biostimulants Kelpak SL and Asahi SL positively affected the root size distribution by increasing the yield of medium roots (1.9–3.8 cm in diameter) as well as large roots (3.8–5.0 cm), by 30.5% and 15.8%, respectively.

Embryological background of low seed set in distylous common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) with biased morph ratios, and biostimulant-induced improvement of it

The biased ratio (1 : 2.7–1 : 19) of long-styled Pin and short-styled Thrum flowers (anisoplethy) in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) with low seed set (9.8–33.1%) is documented for the first time in two cultivars (Kora, Panda) and two strains (PA13, PA14). To establish the reasons for low grain yield we studied pollen, embryo sacs, embryos, counted stigmas with compatible pollen and with compatible pollen tubes, and recorded seed set under semi-controlled conditions with open access of pollinators. We also sought to improve seed yield via exogenous application of eight biostimulants at the beginning of flowering. Pin pollen supply to Thrum stigmas was low, due to the imbalance of flower morphs. This did not affect seed set or male success in either flower morph. The pollen of Pin or Thrum was highly viable (97.9–99.9%) in all studied cultivars and strains, germinating well on compatible stigmas. The female success of both flower types was much lower; 49–59% of the ovules exhibited signs of degeneration (whole flower buds, ovules only) or abortion (mature embryo sacs, proembryos, embryos); the highest share of mature embryo sac abortions resulted from degeneration of synergids or the whole egg apparatus. Three biostimulants (Gibberellic acid, putrescine, Asahi SL) in PA13 and six (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid, Gibberellic acid, TYTANIT, putrescine, 6-Benzylaminopurine, Asahi SL) in PA14 decreased embryo abortions (4–12 fold) and increased seed set (0.4–2.4 times), but seed set was still low and never exceeded 33% (the highest value of the untreated with biostimulants plants). Biostimulant treatments were most effective on PA14 strain increasing seed set in 7 out of 8 treatments. These were Gibberellic acid, putrescine and Asahi SL improving seed set of two among four analysed genotypes.

Evaluation of Supercritical Extracts of Algae as Biostimulants of Plant Growth in Field Trials.

The aim of the field trials was to determine the influence of supercritical algal extracts on the growth and development of winter wheat (variety Akteur). As a raw material for the supercritical fluid extraction, the biomass of microalga Spirulina plantensis, brown seaweed – Ascophyllum nodosum and Baltic green macroalgae was used. Forthial and Asahi SL constituted the reference products. It was found that the tested biostimulants did not influence statistically significantly the plant height, length of ear, and shank length. The ear number per m2 was the highest in the group where the Baltic macroalgae extract was applied in the dose 1.0 L/ha (statistically significant differences). Number of grains in ear (statistically significant differences) and shank length was the highest in the group treated with Spirulina at the dose 1.5 L/ha. In the group with Ascophyllum at the dose 1.0 L/ha, the highest length of ear was observed. The yield was comparable in all the experimental groups (lack of statistically significant differences). Among the tested supercritical extracts, the best results were obtained for Spirulina (1.5 L/ha). The mass of 1000 grains was the highest for extract from Baltic macroalgae and was 3.5% higher than for Asahi, 4.0% higher than for Forthial and 18.5% higher than for the control group (statistically significant differences). Future work is needed to fully characterize the chemical composition of the applied algal extracts. A special attention should be paid to the extracts obtained from Baltic algae because they are inexpensive source of naturally occurring bioactive compounds, which can be used in sustainable agriculture and horticulture.

The physiological status and stress biomarker concentration of Coriandrum sativum L. plants subjected to chilling are modified by biostimulant application

This study investigated the effects of biostimulant treatment and chilling applied during the young phase of growth on stress indicators, antioxidant compounds and physiological status of coriander leaves. Coriander transplants were sprayed three times with Asahi SL or Goëmar Goteo (Arysta Life Science). After the last spraying, 6-week-old plants were placed in vegetative chambers at 6 °C (chilling stress) and 18 °C (control) for 6 days, and then stress biomarkers, total antioxidant activity, photosynthetic pigment concentration, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic activity were determined in leaves. In chilled conditions, biostimulant application significantly decreased electrolyte leakage from leaf tissues to the level determined for non-chilled plants. The comparison of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde concentrations for control and biostimulant-treated plants did not confirm the protective effect of biostimulants against stress molecule accumulation in chilling conditions. Biostimulants increased maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, the rate of transpiration and stomatal conductance but decreased intercellular carbon dioxide concentration. L-ascorbic acid, total phenolic concentration and total antioxidant activity increased as a result of biostimulant application to chilled plants. The increased values of most photosynthesis and stress indicators in coriander leaves after 6 days chilling showed that plants were in a phase of acclimation to low temperature. The results indicate that biostimulants can affect selected metabolic pathways, accelerating the adaptation of chilled coriander plants. The precise use of plant growth regulators with application of chilling can be a method for controlling nutritionally important compounds in coriander foliage.

Effectiveness of Swirski-mite (Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot) in control of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) on cucumber plants treated with biostimulants

Summary The experiments were conducted, on cucumber plants cultivar Aramis, treated and not treated with the biostimulants: Asahi SL and Siapton 10 L, in the glasshouse and laboratory conditions. The aim of the study was to evaluate if the application of biostimulants in cucumber cultivation can influence the efficacy of biological control of Tetranychus urticae by predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot. It was found that A. swirskii decreased development of T. urticae population on both treated and not treated plants with biostimulants. The effectiveness of A. swirskii, at the low infestation of spider mites, was similar on the plants cultivated without biostimulants and the plants treated with Asahi SL while lower on the plants treated with Siapton 10 L. A similar dependence was also observed for the development of predator population on these plants. The highest predator population developed on plants severely infested by spider mites and treated with Asahi SL. With large number of mites on leaves the biostimulant increased also effectiveness of predator, which occurred as high consumption of T. urticae eggs and young larvae.

Content of some chemical components in carrot (Daucus carota L.) roots depending on growth stimulators and stubble crops

Agronomic factors, and mineral fertilization in particular, have a strong impact on the quality of carrot roots. In recent years, researchers have begun to design eco-friendly agricultural practices that would stimulate the quality and yield of carrot roots. Our aim has been to analyse selected quality parameters pertaining to the chemical composition of carrot roots, and relate them to the application of different growth stimulators and cover crops. For this purpose, a field experiment was conducted in 2009-2011 investigating the effect of growth stimulators and stubble crops on the accumulation of chemical components in storage roots of carrot (cv. Laguna F1). The study included three growth stimulators: Asahi SL, Bio-algeen S 90 and Tytanit. Plots without any foliar application of these growth stimulators served as control treatment. Another factor consisted of the previous crop (spring barley) and stubble crops: tansy phacelia and a mixture of spring vetch and field pea, grown after the harvest of barley and then ploughed in. All the growth stimulators significantly reduced the NO3 content in carrot roots. Asahi SL significantly increased the phenolic content. The effects of the growth stimulators on the macronutrient content in carrot roots were statistically significant in the case of Mg and Na. Stubble cropping contributed to the reduction of nitrates and stimulated an increase in the content of phenolics as well as of P, K, Ca and Mg in carrot roots.

Effect of biostimulators on yield and selected chemical properties of potato tubers

Growth regulators stimulate life processes in plants, improving their stress resistance and health, which translates into higher and better quality yield. Growth regulators can improve biochemical parameters of tubers and enhance the potato’s resistance to adverse environmental conditions or pathogens. The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of biostimulators on yield and selected chemical properties of potato tubers. Four table potato cultivars were grown in a field experiment: very early Volumia and medium early Irga, Satina and Sylvana. Starting from stage 39 on the BBCH scale (crop cover complete), potato plants were treated thrice, in 10to 14-day intervals, with the growth regulators Asahi SL, Bio-Algeen S90 and Kelpak. The reference treatment was composed of potatoes untreated with the bioregulators. The growth regulators, especially Bio-Algeen S90 (6.3 – 16.3%) and Kelpak SL (14.2-24.7%) raised the tuber yield, but the effect was statistically verifiable only in the second year, with less precipitation and lower temperature of the vegetation period. The quality of potato tubers was more strongly dependent on the cultivar-specific traits than on the applied biostimulators. In the second year, too, potato tubers contained on average 34% more N-total than in the first year. During storage, the content of N-total in tubers increased by 35-50%. After a five-month storage period, potato tubers contained more NO3 abut less N-NH4.

The effect of pro-ecological procedures and insect foraging on the total content of phenol compounds in winter wheat

In laboratory conditions, the effect of pro-ecological procedures (application of effective microorganisms and Asahi SL biostimulator) and foraging by insects [cereal leaf beetle (Oulema melanopa L.) and bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)] on the total content of phenolic compounds in winter wheat, was studied. Correlations between the total content of phenolic compounds (determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau colorimetric method) expressed as the amount of pyrogallol in wheat plants: undamaged, damaged by O. melanopa, damaged by R. padi, the length of feeding scar left by cereal leaf beetle and the number of pricks made by actively feeding insects of bird cherry-oat aphid were analysed. The wheat was treated by EM inoculant and a biostimulator. The mode of application of the preparations used had a significant effect on level the total phenolic compounds in the undamaged wheat and the wheat exposed to foraging by the above-mentioned insects. The plants not exposed to insects foraging contained greater amounts of phenolic compounds than those exposed to the insects. The correlation between the total content of phenols in the wheat damaged by the insects in the 'no-choice' conditions, proved insignificant.

Effect of Asahi SL Application on Common Bean Yield

The experiment was carried out in 2010 and 2011 on experimental fields of the Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the State School of Higher Education in Chelm, Poland to study the effect of Asahi SL on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) of Aura cultivar yielding. Bean seeds were sown at the depth of 3 - 4 cm, spacing of drills 45 cm, to achieve the density of 30 plants per 1 m2. During the vegetation period 0.1% and 0.3% concentration of Asahi SL was applied in two application frequencies: single spraying of plants (in the 2 – 3 leaves stage) or double spraying of plants (first in the 2 – 3 leaves stage and second at the beginning of the bean's blooming). Four different variants of spraying with Asahi SL were compared with the control, where biostimulator was not applied. The number and weight of seeds, the number of pods and the weight of thousand seeds according to International Seed Testing Association (ISTA, 2010) method were recorded. It was found that single spraying of plants with Asahi SL advantageously influenced on bean yield increasing the number and the weight of seeds and the number of pods. Control, where biostimulator was not applied was characterized with the lowest yield factor parameters. The highest thousand seeds weight was found for the application of 0.1% Asahi SL solution and in the control.

Wpływ biostymulatorów Asahi SL i Siapton 10 L na zdolność roślin ogórka do tolerancji uszkodzeń wywołanych żerowaniem wciornastka zachodniego (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande)

Summary The studies were conducted on cucumber cultivar Aramis, treated and not treated with biostimulants: Asahi SL and Siapton 10 L in the glasshouse of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences and in the Laboratory of Entomology Department. Plants were cultivated in two glasshouse chambers and western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) was introduced to one of the chambers. The aim of the study was to evaluate if application of biostimulants to cucumber crop can increase the level of plant tolerance to thrips. Intensity of growth, photosynthesis and yield were compared in the plants treated and not treated with biostimulants. Cucumber plants tolerated injuries caused by thrips. They accelerated the growth and photosynthesis intensity in the first 4 weeks of pest feeding. This phenomenon was more evident in the plants treated with biostimulants, especially with Siapton 10 L. The yield was not significantly affected by thrips and biostimulants after 4 as well as after 6 weeks of thrips feeding.

EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON SELECTED MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF YELLOW PINE

The aim of study was to compare the effects of two growth regulators on selected morphological features of yellow pine. In April 2012, 9 plants of yellow pine Lawson variety were planted to the soil. In April 15, 2013 a research agent in a form of following growth regulators: Asahi SL and Moddus 250-EC was introduced. There were the following experimental objects: C – control (only water spraying), As – Asahi spraying, Md – Moddus spraying. The tested features were: increase in plant height (cm), the increase in needle length (cm) of yellow pine. Measurements of increases in length of needles were made in each case on the same specially marked parts of the plants and performed on 27th of each month from beginning of May to ending of September. Among the used of growth regulators the greatest influence on the height increase of the tested trees as well as on the needle length of yellow pine more affected regulator Moddus. The largest total increase in the needles length of yellow pine was on the object with Modus and Asahi, and on control object it was significantly lower than on objects with growth regulators.

Ocena stosowania herbicydów z biostymulatorami i adiuwantami w uprawie marchwi (Daucus carota L.)

The studies were conducted in 2010–2011 at the Research Institute of Horticulture in Skierniewice. The aim of the research was to determine the impact of separate and combined application of biostimulants Asahi SL and AlfaMax, adjuvants Olbras 88 EC and Protector on efficacy of metribuzin and linuron and the growth and yield of carrot. Herbicides were used with split-application method. First treatment with metribuzin and linuron was applied at 1 leaf stage of carrot, the second treatment of linuron was performed 10–14 days after the first one, and metribuzin was applied at 2–3 leaves stage of carrot. Asahi SL, AlfaMax, Olbras 88 EC and Protector were applied in mixture with herbicides or separate – 1 day before or 1 day after herbicide treatment. The weed control, number and biomass of weeds, phytotoxicity of tested herbicides and the yield of carrot roots were determined during the experiments. Better weed control was achieved with metribuzin than linuron and the addition of biostimulants and adjuvants did not affect its effectiveness. The addition of adjuvants increased the efficacy of linuron. Applied substances did not increase the phytotoxicity of herbicides to carrot plants. The highest yield was obtained by using a mixture of metribuzin with Asahi SL and Protector at 1 day before metribuzin application. W latach 2010–2011, w Instytucie Ogrodnictwa prowadzono badania nad określeniem wpływu rozdzielnego i łącznego stosowania biostymulatorów Asahi SL i AlfaMax oraz adiuwantów Olbras 88 EC i Protector na skuteczność działania metrybuzyny i linuronu oraz wzrost i plonowanie marchwi. Herbicydy stosowano metodą dawek dzielonych. Pierwszy zabieg metrybuzyną i linuronem wykonywano w fazie 1 liścia właściwego marchwi, drugi zabieg linuronem po 10–14 dniach od pierwszego, a metrybuzyną w fazie 2–3 liści marchwi. Asahi SL, AlfaMax oraz Olbras 88 EC i Protector stosowano łącznie z herbicydami lub w zabiegach rozdzielnych – 1 dzień przed lub 1 dzień po zabiegu herbicydem. Przeprowadzano obserwacje stopnia zniszczenia chwastów, określano ich liczbę i świeżą masę, stopień fitotoksyczności badanych środków dla marchwi i wysokość plonów. Stwierdzono lepsze działanie chwastobójcze metrybuzyny stosowanej metodą dawek dzielonych niż linuronu, a biostymulatory i adiuwanty nie wpływały na jej skuteczność. Dodatek adiuwantów zwiększył skuteczność działania linuronu. Stosowane substancje nie powodowały wzrostu fitotoksyczności badanych herbicydów dla marchwi. Najwyższy plon uzyskano stosując mieszaninę metrybuzyny z Asahi SL oraz Protector na jeden dzień przed zastosowaniem metrybuzyny.

The influence of particular biostimulators on some biochemical parameters in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Var. Botrytis italica plenck) / Wpływ wybranych biostymulatorów na kształtowanie się parametrów biochemicznych u brokułu (Brassica oleracea L. Var. Botrytis italica Plenck)

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect of biostimulators: Kelpak, Asahi SL and Goëmar Goteo on some biochemical parameters-proline and MDA concentration in leaves and florets of Monaco F1cultivars of broccoli grown under field conditions. Biostimulators applied in the experiment caused changes of some biochemical parameters in the plants. Kelpak and Goëmar Goteo significantly increased the oxidative stress parameters like the concentration of proline and malondialdehyde in leaves and florets of broccoli cultivar Monaco F1. Although, Asahi SL affected the content of chosen biochemical parameters although not seriously.

The effect of bulb size and application method of asahi sl biostimulator on the growth and yield of Allium moly L.

An experiment aimed at examining the effect of bulb size and the method of application of Asahi SL biostimulator on the growth and yield of <em>Allium moly </em>L. was conducted in the years 2005–2008. Four sizes of bulbs were used in the experiment (3–4, 4–5, 5–6, and 6–7 cm in circumference). Asahi SL was applied in the following combinations: bulb soaking for 45 minutes in the biostimulator solution prior to planting; plant spraying at the green bud stage; soaking combined with plant spraying; and the control treatment without application of the stimulator. Asahi SL was applied at a concentration of 0.2%. After the first frost, the experimental plots were mulched with wheat straw. During the experiment, the decorative value of the plants was evaluated and the following features were determined: inflorescence stem length, inflorescence diameter, and number of flowers per inflorescence. Total yield was evaluated after bulb harvest. The size of <em>Allium moly </em>bulbs planted was found to determine the quality of inflorescence stems and total yield of daughter bulbs expressed in their number and weight. Inflorescence stems of high ornamental value and high total yield of daughter bulbs resulted from planting bulbs of 5–6 and 6–7 cm in circumference. The application of 0.2% solution of Asahi by spraying green buds or the combination of spraying and bulb soaking prior to planting are very beneficial for the quality of inflorescence stems and yield of daughter bulbs. The application of 0.2% solution of Asahi SL by plant spraying leads to an increase in total quantitative yield of bulbs by 10% or 8% in case of the combined use of both application methods. Bulb soaking combined with plant spraying leads to an.