Art Culture Research Articles

Public Art, Dance, and Music and the Politics of Culture in East and Central Africa

The interview that follows took place on Microsoft Teams on 22 May 2022. I have edited the transcript for length and readability. I asked Faisal Kiwewa to talk in some detail about the origin of the Bayimba International Festival of the Arts, its organisation and networks. I also invited him to discuss the Festival’s continuing impact on participating artists and audiences as well as its influence on the creative arts. He noted the changed landscape for the independent artists; the creative industry’s trend away from individual artist or small performing group productions powerfully limits the distribution and venue bookings’ potential of indigenous creative artists. And importantly, Kiwewa agreed on Bayimba International Festival’s lasting contribution to the creative industry and to an interregional East and Central African contemporary artistic culture.

Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Pergelaran Seni Melalui Media Digital Pada Mata Pelajaran Seni Budaya Di Kelas Xii Sma Negeri 5 Bukittinggi

Performing Arts Performances through Digital Media in Cultural Arts Learning at SMAN 5 Bukittinggi is an activity carried out to take the end of odd semester scores with Performing Arts material. This study aims to describe the forms of performing arts performances for class XII and reveal the importance of learning performing arts digitally in class XII at SMA Negeri 5 Bukittinggi.The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques used are library research, observation, interviews and documentation.The results of this study found that the implementation was live and watched by students, teachers, and the public through the Zoom, YouTube, Instagram applications. The material that is being performed is music, dance, theater or drama. This performance is important for students to do as an alternative to implementing art performances during a pandemic and can improve better learning outcomes. This art performance can also be carried out flexibly, efficiently, saving time and costs and reaching a wider audience.

Fenomena Pergelaran Seni Pertunjukan Era Media Baru Sebagai Roll Model Pembelajaran Seni Budaya Di Sman 5 Kota Bukittinggi

This study aims to discuss the development of digitalization planning (design) learning models in the subject of Cultural Arts in the New Media Era in class XII at SMA Negeri 5 Bukittinggi. This learning model was developed due to the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic which required all learning processes at SMA Negri 5 Bukittinggi to be carried out online. This policy raises problems in learning materials in the field of performing arts practices which require students to learn art practices in class. The method used is the Zoom and YouTube applications as connecting media in connecting material from teachers (writers) to students and between students' performing arts creations and the wider community who will watch the performing arts. The results of this study can be of benefit to the public by analyzing every phenomenon that occurs in the world of education in the New Media Era, and as input or a roll model for arts and culture teachers at SMAN 5 Bukittinggi to be able to improve learning outcomes so that students are more active and enthusiastic in learning arts and culture .

Pergelaran Seni Pertunjukan Melalui Media Digital Dalam Pembelajaran Seni Budaya Di Sman 5 Bukittinggi

Performing Arts Performances through Digital Media in Cultural Arts Learning at SMAN 5 Bukittinggi is an activity carried out to take the end of odd semester scores with Performing Arts material. This study aims to describe the forms of performing arts performances for class XII and reveal the importance of learning performing arts digitally in class XII at SMA Negeri 5 Bukittinggi.The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques used are library research, observation, interviews, and documentation.The results of this study found that the implementation was live and watched by students, teachers, and the public through the Zoom, YouTube, Instagram applications. The material that is being performed is music, dance, theater or drama. This performance is important for students to do as an alternative to implementing art performances during a pandemic and can improve better learning outcomes. This art performance can also be carried out flexibly, efficiently, saving time and costs and reaching a wider audience.

In Search Of Our Roots. On The History Of Senegalese Paintings

Ken Aicha Sy is a Senegalese French curator based in Dakar, Senegal. Her curatorial research project Survival Kit aims to create a tool, Magalogue (1), for understanding the history of contemporary Senegalese art, particularly from the 1960s to the 1990s.Hundreds of paintings, graphics, films, and archival documents from the École de Dakarare housed in European museums. At the same time, communities in Senegal have no access to their cultural heritage. Survival Kit takes up the urgency that people need to know their cultural roots, allowing collective remembrance of history to envision the future. Her four-year research into Senegal's artistic heritage took her to Germany and England, where she collaborated with the Weltkulturen Museum, Iwalewa House, and SOAS University of London. While conducting her research, she sifted through museum depots and interviewed several key figures from the cultural art scenes of Europe and Africa. She gained significant insights and perspectives on European and African museum institutions and the artistic activities and networks of that time in Senegal. Notably, the artistic and museum practices of collectives Huit Facettes and Laboratoire Agit’Art have significantly impacted Ken Aicha Sy's view of museums as a venue that responds to the community and cultural rootedness. Consequently, returning cultural heritage from Europe to Africa is closely linked to the need for museums and archives to transform themselves to adapt not only to the absent objects but also to the cultural and societal environment of the place of origin.

Ritme dan Pola: Etnomatematika dalam Musik Jaipongan Jawa Barat

This study aims to explore mathematical objects in music and traditional dance of Karawang, a region with rich cultural heritage in West Java. Traditional music and dance, such as Jaipongan and Ketuk Tilu, play an important role in preserving the cultural identity of the people of Karawang. In practice, mathematical elements such as rhythm, symmetry patterns, and repetition are visible in the structure of the music and dance movements of Jaipong. This research uses a qualitative approach through direct observation and in-depth interviews with local artists to understand the application of mathematical concepts in traditional cultural arts. The findings show that ethnomathematics naturally appears in these cultural forms, both implicitly and explicitly, and can be used as a medium for contextual and relevant mathematics learning.

Exploring The Variety of Jaran Kepang Art: Unique Explorations From Javanese

This article explores the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) like ChatGPT by analyzing the form, function, and meaning of Jaran Kepang art across Java. The research investigates how ChatGPT can aid in understanding and preserving traditional cultural arts like Jaran Kepang. ChatGPT offers advanced methods for data analysis, pattern recognition, and preservation of intangible cultural heritage. This study employs cultural anthropology and traditional communication theories, enhanced by ChatGPT-driven analysis, to examine Jaran Kepang's regional differences and thematic patterns. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research combines literature review, direct observation, and ChatGPT technologies to analyze data. Central Java's Jaran Kepang emphasizes mystical and spiritual elements to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck. East Java's version, associated with legends like Ki Sasmita, involves trance performances and moral storytelling. In West Java, linked to the spread of Islam by Sunan Gunung Jati, the art features diverse horse forms in rituals reinforcing community identity. ChatGPT technologies facilitate the analysis of these variations, revealing how each region's Jaran Kepang reflects local adaptation and cultural evolution. The research underscores ChatGPT's potential in enhancing academic knowledge of Javanese culture and advocating for preservation efforts, ensuring traditional arts' legacy in a rapidly advancing technological era.Keywords: jaran kepang; ChatGPT; Javanese culture; mystical value; legend

Россия ХХ века в призме музыкального искусства и контексте мирового музыкального процесса

The proposed contextual review of the musical art of the 20th century is based primarily on the material of choral creativity, based on the desire for maximum conciseness of presentation, and this, naturally, requires limitations in the volume of the material under consideration, which is especially necessary in the conditions of a truly gigantic variety of artistic phenomena of the last century. Its artistic culture has gone through three major periods in its evolution: the beginning of the 20th century (1890-1920), the middle of the 20th century (1930s-1950s) and the second half of the 20th century (1960s-1980s).

기술 변화와 여성우세직종의 숙련구조 변동: 한·미 직업정보 연계 분석

Technological advancement not only affects the creation and extinction of occupations but also transforms the nature of work tasks and the skills required of workers. In the era of digital transformation, there are growing concerns about the potentially differential impacts of technological changes across gender. In Korea, where occupational segregation by gender is prominent, analyzing skill changes across all occupations alone is insufficient to derive practical implications for female workforce development. This study aims to identify female-dominated occupations in Korea and analyze their skill changes to derive policy implications for female workforce development in the digital transformation era. The methodology employs the Regional Employment Survey (2008, 2017) to identify female-dominated occupations and utilizes the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) to analyze skill changes between 2002 and 2016. Principal component analysis was conducted to systematically identify and analyze changes in major skill factors. The findings are as follows. First, occupational segregation by gender in Korea remains structurally entrenched. Female-dominated occupations are not only fewer in number, but also less than 0.5% of female workers are employed in managerial positions. Even within professional fields, women are concentrated in education, social welfare, healthcare, and cultural arts sectors. Second, high-order cognitive skills and social skills have consistently maintained the highest proportion among required skills. Third, while basic computational, language, and mechanical skills have declined, new skills such as software proficiency, resource management, and scientific management have emerged as significant requirements. This study provides empirical foundations for female workforce development in the digital transformation era by systematically analyzing skill changes in female-dominated occupations for the first time. The findings suggest the need for active education and training policies to enhance women's digital skills and support their entry into STEM fields.

Legal and Cultural Analysis of Copyright Law Implementation for Street Musicians in Indonesia

This research examines the implementation of Copyright Law for street musicians in Indonesia, focusing on the intersection between legal protection and cultural practices. The phenomenon of street musicians performing cover songs creates tension between the formal legal framework and the tradition of sharing art in Indonesian culture, as seen in the cases of Tri Suaka and Zinidin Zidan. The research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Law Number 28 of 2014 in addressing copyright infringement while considering cultural practices, and to identify socio-cultural factors that influence legal compliance among street musicians. Using a qualitative approach with socio-legal research design, this study integrates legal analysis and cultural studies through systematic document review and case studies. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of copyright protection is heavily influenced by the complex interrelation between legal requirements and cultural traditions, where current implementation faces challenges in balancing formal compliance with the cultural significance of street performances. This research implies the need for developing a more adaptive legal framework, including special licensing systems and strengthening the role of Collective Management Organizations in supporting legal compliance while preserving culture.

Evaluation of the IMTAQ Religious Development Program Using SEM Approach in Asahan Regency

<p class="Default"><span lang="IN">The IMTAQ program, implemented by the Asahan Regency Government since 2011, aims to shape community character based on religious values. This study evaluates its effectiveness by analyzing input variables (socialization, training, funding, information media, technical guidelines, human resources, facilities, and implementing organizations), process variables (fund allocation, monitoring, administration, financial management, workshops), and output variables (internalization of IMTAQ values, preservation of Islamic cultural arts, Quranic development). Involving 552 participants from various community sectors, the findings highlight that information media, financial administration, and facilities are key success factors, with Quranic development and cultural preservation as main indicators. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the evaluation revealed an 11% annual improvement in implementation. The results provide guidance for optimizing the program’s Management Information System (MIS), including human resources, technology, data, and communication networks.</span></p>

General trends in the transformation of traditional spiritual art in the culture of Ukraine

The purpose of this article is to examine compre-hensive trends in the transformation of traditional spiritual art of Ukraine. Academic research of this issue will help to reveal the development trajectory of traditional spiritual art in Ukrainian culture. An academic resolution of the defined issue will help to reveal the developmental trajectory of traditional art in the context of the interconnection between the established traditions and innovative processes.The main methodological tool for the study of the mentioned problem consists of summarizing the experience of empirical and theoretical research on specific aspects of the development of traditional art in Ukraine.The result of the research presented in the article. This study outlines the main patterns in the transformations of traditional spiritual art among the population of Ukraine, spanning from ancient times to the present, in the context of the interconnection between tradition and innovative processes. Until the advent of the modern era, the most distinct artistic artifacts in the traditional spiritual culture of this region’s inhabitants conveyed the creators’ reflections on phenomena of the “higher” world through artistic forms. However, at each stage of the traditional spiritual art development, various challenges arose, prompting transformations. Notably, throughout the XX century, these changes accelerated significantly. Since the late 1920s, due to the impact of Bolshevik ideology on rural culture, its spiritual component also began gradually evolve, particularly in the eastern and central regions of our country, comparing to previous decades. Ukraine’s attainment of independence and the removal of ideological barriers imposed by the Soviet regime significantly expanded intercultural connections and partnerships between Ukrainian artists and their international counterparts. The beginning of the XXI century was marked, on the one hand, by the expansion and deepening of globalization processes, which lead to the unification of various aspects of social and cultural life and substantially contribute to crises surrounding national identity. In contrast, there has been a growing interest in the unique features of Ukrainian culture and an effort to adapt the traditions of national art to new conditions.The process of transformation is also examined within the system of art’s functioning, with a notable emphasis on the activation of its sacred and prestige-reputational functions.The scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this publication lies in the attempt to present a comprehensive view of certain aspects of folk-art existence, highlighting the unity and interconnection of its traditional characte-ristics and innovations.The practical significance. The results of this study can be used in the educational process for teaching courses within the fields of cultural studies and art history.

“Thanatopolitics” in the Socio-Political Discourse in the 2000s and 2020s: between the “Living Dead” and “Necrosociality”

Introduction. Over the past twenty years, the terms “thanatopolitics”, “necropolitics”, “necroeconomics”, etc. have been actively used in socio-political discourse. But the definitions of these meanings remain blurred. In the last 4–5 years, they can be found in Russian-language articles, as well as in the public space of blogs and YouTube channels. Often, the use of these terms is associated with biased statements by authors from a nonacademic environment. The purpose of this article is to identify the area of use of the term “thanatopolitics” in the academic literature of recent years.Methodology and sources. The study was carried out in the logic of the genealogical approach. The main subject of interest is gaps in discourse, when the same or similar terms are filled with new content or receive new interpretations. The analysis of English-language articles in the fields of political philosophy, critical theory, literary studies, gender studies, history and economics was carried out. It is in this linguistic and problematic field that the term has acquired definitions that are relevant today.Results and discussion. Two approaches can be distinguished in English-language academic literature: 1) thanatopolitics – institutionalized state violence, unethical management technologies that allow the sovereign to convert death on his territory into resources and legitimacy. The authors who adhere to this approach to the problem use the concept of “necropolitics” instead of “thanatopolitics”, but there are exceptions. They rely on the essay of the same name by A. Mbembe and engage in leftist criticism of specific examples of neocolonialism; 2) thanatopolitics – the creation of social connections through the production of knowledge about threats to immanent life. The phenomenon when a community is formed due to the fact that it can disappear at any moment. This approach to the problem of thanatopolitics is typical for researchers of artistic culture and modern digital media.Conclusion. The authors who use the term “thanatopolitics” and other terms related in their work study the power-death-knowledge dispositif. But its presence in the text cannot be an unambiguous marker of the researcher's position. Sometimes the choice of this term is a marker of critical attacks against specific political decisions of the state. But the authors who study the horizontal social connections generated by knowledge about death also write about “thanatopolitics”.

Traces of Turco-Persian influences in Malay woodcarving motifs on vernacular buildings in Terengganu

Woodcarving is considered as one of the highest forms of art in Malay culture. It is an essential aspect of traditional vernacular buildings in the archipelago region as it carries intrinsic meaning while symbolizing status. Despite this, the artistic influence apparent in Malay woodcarving is not fully understood in a holistic manner, in which the Turco-Persian elements are often neglected despite being visibly apparent. The reason for this is previous Malay art researchers are unfamiliar with Turco-Persian elements in Islamic art as compared to Buddha-Hindu elements which are more easily identified. Therefore, the art history method is adopted in this study to analyze the motifs used in vernacular palaces and houses of royalties dating from the 19th and 20th centuries CE in Terengganu. The objective is to identify the Turco-Persian influences and know the type, name, characteristics and stylization of the motifs to help better understand the formation of traditional Malay Islamic art in a comprehensive manner. This is achieved by analyzing and comparing the identified motifs within the context of Turco-Persian motifs used by Turkic dynasties in the Eastern Islamic lands that have a historical connection with the Terengganu region. Findings from the analysis discovered several Turco-Persian motifs in traditional Malay woodcarvings. Except for Muthanna, these motifs are the seven modes of abstract Islamic ornamentation known as haft aṣl that are commonly found in the Eastern Islamic lands on architecture and particularly in Qur’an illumination (tezhib). This indicates that the Turco-Persian tradition has a significant influence on the artistic formation and stylistic development of Malay woodcarving in Southeast Asia and not just Buddha-Hindu and Chinese elements as believed before.

Preservation Wayang Timplong in Nganjuk District Indonesia

This research explores the conditions and conservation efforts of Wayang Timplong in Nganjuk district. Despite its high cultural value, the Timplong style is less in demand than the leather style. The research mapped Wayang Timplong ‘s existence, identified the problems faced, and suggested conservation strategies. Interviews with three of them showed that the lack of innovation and support is a major challenge. Educational and promotional efforts are needed to attract the interest of the younger generation and ensure the sustainability of the Wayang Timplong in the future. In addition, the study also aims to identify concrete steps that can be taken by governments, cultural communities, and the general public in support of Wayang Timplong conservation efforts. With a holistic approach that includes education, training, and the use of modern technology, Wayang Timplong is expected to return to the demand of the wider public, especially the younger generation. The findings of this research are expected to make a significant contribution to the strategy of preserving traditional cultural art in Indonesia, as well as to form the basis for more effective policy adoption in support of the sustainability of Wayang Timplong and other traditional performing arts.

Analysis of Public Views and Attitudes towards the Preservation of Tembang Cianjuran Traditional Art Culture

Tembang Cianjuran is a traditional art originating from Cianjur Regency. This traditional art is one of the cultural treasures of West Java and Indonesia. This traditional art contains philosophical meaning, local wisdom, morals, and presents life values ​​that are useful for the community that owns it. However, currently Tembang Cianjuran is facing challenges in terms of its preservation. As times change, Tembang Cianjuran is increasingly marginalized due to the presence of contemporary art which is preferred by the younger generation. Apart from the effects of globalization, what is more important regarding the preservation of the Tembang Cianjuran traditional art is the views and attitudes of the community itself. This research aims to explore the views and attitudes of the people of Cianjur towards the existence and efforts to preserve Tembang Cianjuran. The research design used is a quantitative approach with survey methods. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 172 respondents who were residents of Cianjur. The questionnaire was distributed via a goggle form which was forwarded via WhatsApp. The results of the research show that people consider Tembang Cianjuran as a symbol of community pride. In addition, they argue for the need for conservation measures. They also said that society must have responsibility for preserving traditional arts. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide insight into people's views and attitudes towards the importance of preserving traditional art. The implication of this research is that it can provide an overview of community support for preserving the traditional art of Tembang Cianjuran.

Pendidikan Toleransi Antar Siswa Beragama Hindu Dan Islam di SD Negeri 3 Keramas Kecamatan Blahbatuh Kabupaten Gianyar

Tolerance education is an important aspect in building a harmonious social life in Indonesia, especially in areas with religious diversity such as Gianyar. Tolerance education is becoming increasingly important in the midst of increasing intolerance and religious polarization in Indonesia. This phenomenon can be seen from the rise of cases of discrimination, hate speech, and violence on the basis of religion. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through participant observation, interviews, and document analysis. The data were analyzed using qualitative analysis techniques. The results of this study outline that: First, the form of tolerance between Hinduism and Islam at SD Negeri 3 Keramas is in the form of: social activities, religious activities, in school relationships, cultural arts activities, sports activities at school, and group learning activities. Second, the obstacles faced in the application of tolerance in SD Negeri 3 Keramas, Blahbatuh District, Gianyar Regency are fanaticism, limited coaching, and exclusivism. Third, the efforts made to strengthen tolerance between Hinduism and Islam at SD Negeri 3 Keramas, Blahbatuh District, Gianyar Regency are to impose sanctions on religious harassment, get guidance from all teachers, understand other religions more comprehensively, prioritize dialogue as a discourse to be tolerant to teachers and students at SD Negeri 3 Keramas. The dialogue aims so that teachers and students can build understanding and mutual understanding, not to win, the dialogue given is always about mutual respect, understanding other religions, being polite, not demonizing other religions and certainly increasing the attitude of tolerance that has existed since long ago at school.

POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION OF MODERN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING ART SUBJECTS

The paper discusses the possibilities of application of modern educational technology in teaching art subjects, specifically music and art culture, in primary school. Modern educational technology, including digital platforms, multimedia tools and interactive applications, offer significant potential for enriching the teaching process, making it more dynamic, interactive and adapted to the needs of students. Using these resources, teachers can combine traditional teaching methods with modern technologies, which allows students to learn in a way that is more adapted to their interests and needs, with a richer visual and audio experience. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to explore the advantages and challenges of integrating these technologies into teaching art subjects. Special attention is paid to the impact of technology on student creativity, motivation and engagement, as well as the role of teachers in integrating these resources into teaching. The paper emphasizes the importance of developing teachers' digital competencies, which are key to the successful implementation of modern teaching of art subjects. The role of the teacher in such teaching is multifaceted and requires responsibility, patience and flexibility. The teacher acts as a guide and mentor who helps students safely explore and use all the opportunities that technology offers them, while at the same time encouraging them to creative expression and independent learning. With proper guidance and support, the teacher helps students develop not only artistic, but also digital skills that will be valuable to them in the future. The paper presents examples of good practices and recommendations for improving teaching through the innovative use of modern educational technology.

"Late Antiquity": A Protean Term

Roman art under the Empire manifested a protean nature, varying greatly in its visible essentials from time to time, and from place to place. That variation made the definition of its holistic character difficult for art historians familiar with more coherent periods of artistic expression and more consistent modes of reception. Late Antique art exhibited great variation, especially it its latest phases, when an irregular alienation from the traditional Greco-Roman norms of artistic production became progressively more pronounced. If the term “Late Antique Art” is to be critically effective as a stylistic designator with usefulness for the general historians of the period, attention must be paid to the uneven rates of change in form and content in the exploitation of its imagery. These intraprendent elements seem to have different trajectories: Content changed substantially in the service of an increasingly Christianized audience, less committed to the Greco-Roman tradition and its model imagery. Formal patterns were also under great pressure for change, driven by the needs of a spectating audience drawn to the focalizing of powerful figures. The repertory of such images became less dependant on a material referent in favor of optical abstractions which produced a distancing effect, an imagery existing at an uncertain remove in an ill-determined space, visible but beyond reach. Elements of the elite self-consciously clung to some reflexive reiteration of the Greco-Roman tradition as a personal symbol of cultural identity; in doing so they contributed to the later foundation of European artistic culture.

M. Gorky and V. Vasnetsov: the Unknown about the Known

A scientific study of unpublished correspondence between M. Gorky and V.M. Vasnetsov and other archival sources has been conducted, which allowed a new look at the complex, even conflicting personal and creative relationships of two major figures of Russian artistic culture of the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The documents found, despite their private nature, raise the main questions of human existence, faith and religion. At the same time, they testify to the deep ideological and political split of Russian society on the eve of the revolution, including its artistic elite. It is shown that Gorky admired the bright talent of Vasnetsov, the artist, from a young age, the pathos of his paintings, praising the heroic strength and invincible spirit of the Russian people. Vasnetsov also took great interest in the young, but already well–known writer – a native of the people. But the correspondence that began between them in 1900 immediately revealed an insurmountable gap in their religious and socio-political views. This was especially clearly manifested in the attitude towards the national genius of Russia – L.N. Tolstoy and his conflict with the Russian Orthodox Church. Therefore, the friendly relations between the writer and the artist, which began in the spring of 1900 with mutual sincere sympathy, did not last long and, apparently, were interrupted in the autumn of the same year.