Denture Research Articles

The Effect of Diabetes on Implanted Dentures, A Systematic Review

Background: Dentures are removably inserted dental prosthetics that fill up tooth gaps. There are many types of dentures, including complete, partial and implant-supported dentures. As long-term supports for tooth replacements, dental implants have significantly changed the treatment philosophies of conventional prosthodontics. However, the success and durability of these prosthetic devices may be impacted if a person seeking denture implants has diabetes. Diabetes affects the body in many ways, including the mouth's oral health. Immediate dentures have many benefits, including better oral functions, preservation of lower facial height, preservation of tooth sockets, improvement of aesthetics, and replication of natural teeth's shape, form, and location by artificial teeth. Diabetes mellitus has been reported to be associated strongly with the oral health. The higher glucose microenvironment prolongs healing of tooth extraction sockets. Thus, encouraging the healing of tooth extraction sockets is crucial from a therapeutic perspective for people with diabetes mellitus. Methods: An electronic search of English peer-reviewed dental literature on PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar was conducted to identify all publications reporting on how diabetes affect dentures until August 2023. Overall, 977 publications were found through an electronic and manual search, out of which 130 articles were selected after screening based on title and abstract. A total of 52 publications passed the second review phase after assessment for eligibility, from which 24 studies were excluded after full-text screening. Finally, a total of 28 studies were selected. A total of 10 articles were found to match our eligibility criteria to the full and were included in the final systematic review. Conclusion: Diabetes negatively impacts implanted dentures' success and longevity, leading to complications like Candida infection, poor bone integration, peri-implantitis, and compromised healing. Larger clinical trials are needed to understand diabetes's impact on implant therapy outcomes. Clinicians should assess patients' overall health, monitor glycemic control, maintain oral hygiene, and perform regular maintenance for optimal outcomes.

Study on the conditions of color determination in dentistry.

Abstract Introduction: Several variables can impact the choice of shade. Having a thorough understanding of these factors and following the proper selection technique is crucial for achieving favorable esthetic results. Aim of the study: To review the characteristics of esthetic perception of teeth in different lighting conditions, by individuals with different levels of experience in dentistry. Material and methods: Thirty volunteers, dentistry students, and general dentists were recruited. The participants were asked to determine the color of 4 mock-ups containing artificial teeth, under standardized conditions. Therefore, the samples were introduced in a custom-made box and illuminated by two different light conditions (4300 K and 5500 K), and three different colors (black, gray, and pink) were selected as background colors. Results: Our results showed a statistically significant difference between the two examined light conditions, the number of correct color determinations was significantly higher under the light with a color temperature of 5500K (p<0.00001). It can be seen that the gray background color proved to be statistically significantly more beneficial than the black and pink background colors. Conclusions: Among dentistry students and practitioners, environmental changes that affect shade determination have been demonstrated. Further research is still necessary regarding the perception of the esthetic expectations of dental treatments for color determination.

Morphological Assessment of Proximal Restoration Depending on Different Matrix Systems in Primary Molars with a 3D Scanner: In Vitro Studies

The purpose of this study was to compare the proximal surface contour, size of contact area, and volume difference before and after restoration in artificial teeth of primary molars during proximal composite resin restoration using different matrix systems. Four types of artificial teeth were restored with composite resin using sectional matrix systems-Palodent V3 Sectional Matrix System and myJunior Kitand a circumferential matrix system-Tofflemire Matrix System-and modeled threedimensionally for analysis. When sectional matrix systems were used, there was a higher probability of concave proximal surface contour and simultaneously greater contact area and volume. This is attributed to the dead soft properties of the matrix band used in sectional matrix systems, which can lead to deformation of the band and hence an excessive amount of resin applied around the contact point. Additionally, the rubber wedge in the sectional matrix system may not help the matrix band fit into the cavity. Therefore, based on the findings of this study, morphological aspects need to be carefully considered for proximal composite resin restoration of primary molars using sectional matrix systems.

Influence of Coca-cola on Surface Roughness and Microhardness of Flexible Denture Base Material

Two potential problems commonly associated with flexible denture base material are surface roughness and the reduction of microhardness due to many reasons, rough surface can cause bacterial collection and the patient feels discomfort, and the possibility of the denture scratched when the surface hardness is reduced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Coca-cola on the surface quality of the flexible denture base material represented by the surface roughness and microhardness. A total of (10) samples were prepared for this study with the dimension of ( 40mm, 10mm, 3mm) length, width, and height respectively from thermo-plastic flexible resin (X-flexible capsules, color; K2 , size; L\China) by the conventional methods following the manufacturer instructions. The samples were immersed in Coca-cola drink for 12 days at room temperature. This period represents the average of one year of the beverage consumption, the drink has been changing daily.The samples were marked randomly and kept in special containers, and each sample has two rectangular surfaces used for the tests. One side is used for microhardness test and the other side used for the surface roughness test. The first tests were done before immersing the samples in coca-cola as control group. And after immersing the second tests were done as experimental group. In this study the data was analyzed using Independent samples (T- test). And results showed that there is no statistically significant difference in the surface roughness of the samples before and after immersing in Coca-cola (P-value > 0,05), while the microhardness test showed statistically a significant difference (P-value < 0,05) before and after immersing in Coca-cola. The surface roughness of flexible thermoplastic resin is not affected by coca-cola drink. While the levels of mirohardness showed decreasing after immersion in coca-cola drink. Therefore, the flexible thermoplastic material could be damaged if it is subjected to extra consumption of Coca-cola drink by the patient and this leads to lessen the amount of hardness by the time that could affect the efficiency of the prostheses, also could affect the mechanical bonding between artificial teeth and flexible denture base.

Rehabilitation of a patient with single complete tooth supported overdenture against the unmodified natural dentition using functionally generated path technique – A Case Report

Meyer’s proposed chew-in technique also called functionally generated path (FGP) technique, is indicated for the restoration of an edentulous arch that is opposed by natural teeth as it does seem to provide the most accurate method of recording occlusal patterns, also help to minimize the effects of negative factors, and to overcome the deficiencies of articulators. As stated by Rudd and Morrow, this technique is especially suitable for tooth-supported complete dentures, due to inherent stability of tooth-supported record bases helps in recording jaw relationships accurately. Whenever a single complete denture is opposed by natural dentition, problems observed are abrasion of the artificial acrylic resin teeth and frequent fractures of resin denture base due to occlusal stresses. Hence this case report describes the single complete tooth supported overdenture with a metal-based denture and metal occlusal surfaces against unmodified natural dentition which has shown to achieve a good denture stability with occlusal harmony, and patient satisfaction.

Enhancement of in vitro antibacterial activity and bioactivity of iodine-loaded titanium by micro-scale regulation using mixed-acid treatment.

Postoperative infection and subsequent device loss are serious complications in the use of titanium dental implants and plates for jawbone reconstruction. We have previously reported that NaOH-CaCl2 -thermal-ICl3 -treated titanium (NaCaThIo) has a nano-scale surface and exhibits antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The present study examined the surface properties of mixed-acid treated and then iodine-treated titanium (MA-NaCaThIo), and evaluated oral antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity compared with the results obtained with NaCaThIo. MA-NaCaThIo formed a surface layer with a nano-scale network structure having microscale irregularities, and both the thickness of the surface layer (1.49 ± 0.16 μm) and the average surface roughness (0.35 ± 0.03 μm) were significantly higher than those of NaCaThIo. Furthermore, MA-NaCaThIo maintained high hydrophilicity with a contact angle of 7.5 ± 1.7° even after 4 weeks, as well as improved apatite formation, iodine ion release, and antibacterial activity against Prevotella intermedia compared to NaCaThIo. Cell culture test revealed that MA-NaCaThIo exhibited no cytotoxicity against MG-63 and Vero cells, while increased cell proliferation, ALP activity and mineralization of MG-63 compared to NaCaThIo. This treated titanium is expected to be useful for the development of next-generation titanium devices having both bone-bonding and antibacterial properties.

Effects of two novel denture cleansers on multispecies microbial biofilms, stain removal and the denture surface: an in vitro study

BackgroundThe continuously increasing demand for removable denture appliances and the importance of adequate denture cleaning have led to the development of various denture cleansing products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two novel denture cleansing agents (GE and TM) and three commonly available cleansers (0.5% sodium hypochlorite; NaClO, 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate; CHX, and Polident®; POL) on multispecies microbial biofilm formation, stain removal and physical properties of dentures.MethodsThe antimicrobial activities of denture cleansing agents were determined against major oral opportunistic pathogens including Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, using time-kill assays. Multispecies microbial biofilms grown on acrylic resins for 72 h were generated to determine the antibiofilm effects of cleansing agents by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Evaluations of the tea and coffee stain removal properties and the alterations in the physical properties of dentures were also performed. The toxicity of cleanser residues released from denture acrylics to fibroblast cells was investigated using MTT assay.ResultsAll denture cleansing agents tested could effectively kill oral bacteria and Candida albicans. Furthermore, after immersion for more than 3 h, the cleansers Polident®, GE and TM could efficiently penetrate and inhibit multispecies denture biofilms with effects similar to 10 min of immersion in 0.5% NaClO. However, immersion in 0.12% CHX for 20 min showed less antibiofilm activity. The NaClO solution had the highest efficacy for removing stains from the artificial teeth. Conversely, the CHX solution enhanced tea and coffee staining, and the teeth immersed in this solution showed clinically unacceptable colour changes (ΔE > 5.5). However, the colour differences of teeth stained and immersed in POL, GE and TM cleansers were in the clinically acceptable range. There was no significant difference among the POL, GE and TM cleansers in terms of stain removal efficacy. The cleansers GE and TM did not alter the surface roughness and colour of the materials, moreover the residues of both cleansers did not exhibit cytotoxicity.ConclusionTwo novel denture cleansing agents containing natural products, GE and TM exhibited effective antimicrobial activity, antibiofilm and stain removal capabilities without toxicity or disturbance of the physical properties of acrylics.

Evaluation of 3D-Printed Dog Teeth for Pre-clinical Training of Endodontic Therapy in Veterinary Dentistry.

Artificial teeth in dental training have become a valuable tool for students to gain hands-on experience in a safe and controlled environment. This training method allows students to practice various dental procedures and develop their skills without putting patients at risk. Artificial teeth can be used to simulate dental conditions, allowing students to gain experience in dealing with various situations and techniques. Although previous studies in human dentistry have demonstrated the feasibility of using 3D-printed teeth for teaching endodontic procedures such as root canal therapy, similar research has yet to be conducted in the veterinary field. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of creating 3D-printed teeth from an adult dog skull and validate their use as an alternative training tool for root canal therapy in this species. For this, cone beam computed tomography images from a medium-sized dog skull were used to replicate its teeth using a digital 3D printing system. Then, artificial mandibular first molar teeth and a 24-question survey were sent to specialized veterinary dentistry practitioners in Brazil to assess their perception of the model's characteristics during endodontic treatment. In conclusion, it was feasible to create 3D-printed models of dog teeth with high accuracy for the endodontic system. Despite the differences in the properties of the two materials between natural and artificial teeth, it was possible to use the artificial tooth as a training device for conventional endodontic treatment in dogs. The reliability level for the survey was reported as good, displaying a reliability coefficient above 0.86.

Morphologic alterations in the mucosa of the denture site in patients with full removable dentures from acrylic plastics

Relevance. Currently, many new agents have appeared on the market for users of removable dentures to improve adhesion, i.e. fixation and stabilization of dentures. It is important to evaluate the effect of such agents on the denture bed mucosa.Objective. Morphological substantiation of the effectiveness of the use of adhesive cream for fixation of prostheses Asepta Рarodontalu patients with removable dentures made of acrylic plastic.Materials and methods. The study involved 49 patients (12 men and 37 women) of elderly age (62–75 years) who suffered complete loss of teeth on both jaws. All patients were divided into 3 study groups: 1 (control) group, who had previously refused to have full removable acrylic dentures made for them; 2 (comparison) group, patients to whom removable acrylic dentures were made and who did not use any means to improvetheir fixation; 3 (main) group, patients to whom full removable acrylic dentures were made and who during the adaptation period and subsequently for a year used a domestic adhesive cream for fixation; 3 (main) group, patients to whom full removable acrylic dentures were made. In order to solve the realization of the set goal of the study, a number of clinical and histological studies with the use of immunohistochemical method were carried out, outpatient charts of dental patients were analyzed.Results. It was found that dystrophic and chronic inflammatory changes in the soft tissues of the denture bed were most pronounced in the case of using dentures without means to improve their fixation. At use of domestic adhesive cream for fixation of dentures Asepta Рarodontal the process of keratinization of the oral mucous membrane epithelium was minimal, there was no fibrosis of the own lamina of the mucous membrane, scattered infiltration was less expressed than in people not using acrylic dentures or using them without adhesive means, and was represented at the expense of lymphocytes, single neutrophilic granulocytes on the background of single leukostases. The immunohistochemical study showed that T-lymphocytes and mast cells were predominant in the preparations of group 2 patients, and they appeared in the preparations of this group of patients comparatively more than in the 1st control and 3rd main groups of the study, which confirmed the presence of the most pronounced chronic inflammatory infiltration in group 2 patients.Conclusion. The most optimal condition of the denture bed mucosa was observed in patients who used removable acrylic dentures for a year and simultaneously applied an adhesive agent for their fixation (domestic adhesive cream for denture fixation Asepta Рarodontal). It is obviously connected with the protection of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed by the adhesive cream from the mechanical impact of a dense acrylic plastic prosthesis, as well as with the reduction of contact with food products aggressive in temperature and structure.

A new lungfish from the Upper Triassic of the Mid-Zambezi Basin, Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT The lungfish, the extant sister group of the tetrapods, have an evolutionary history illustrated by a fossil record extending for ∼420 million years. The post-Paleozoic fossil record of the clade is almost exclusively restricted to sediments deposited in freshwater paleoenvironments and is characterized by an abundance of highly mineralized tooth plates, whereas cranial and postcranial remains are scarce. Here, we report a sample of isolated tooth plates found in the Upper Triassic Pebbly Arkose Formation of the Mid-Zambezi Basin, Zimbabwe. It consists of pterygoid and prearticular tooth plates from adult individuals, plus some dental plates referred to juvenile individuals, which we refer to a new species of Ferganoceratodus. This discovery provides an opportunity to review briefly the tooth plates of the ‘ptychoceratodontid morphotype’ reported from around the world. We discuss how various occurrences previously referred to Ptychoceratodus may be more appropriately referred, with caution, to Ferganoceratodus. We also describe the histology of the tooth plates of the new species and note similarities with other Mesozoic taxa. The scarcity of histological data for Mesozoic lungfish tooth plates compounds the problem of assigning isolated tooth plates to genus and species level. Ferganoceratodus and closely related taxa arose in the Early Triassic in southern Gondwana and diversified worldwide in the Late Triassic. The genus then became more common in Laurasia during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous and declined thereafter with relict Late Cretaceous occurrences in Madagascar and South America.

ON SMALL CONTINENTAL MAMMOTHS AND DWARFISM

In the evolution of proboscideans, the appearance of dwarf and semi-dwarf forms occurred repeatedly, in different territories and at different times, due to a lack of resources caused by geographic isolation on islands and by landscape isolation on the mainland. Despite a significant amount of information on the insular forms of mammoths and elephants, the question of the relationship between a decrease in body size and morphological changes in the dental system remains a matter of debate. Some data show that dwarfism was accompanied by a decreasing number of plates (lophs) and by tooth enamel thickening. Other data show that changes in the dental system on the islands indicate that the number of plates could either decrease or remain unchanged, or even increase. Taking into account the importance of the number of plates as a diagnostic feature in the species identification of proboscidean taxa and the lack of a consensus on the stability of the trend towards a decrease in the number of plates from large continental ancestors to insular dwarf descendants, we (1) summarize the data on the records of small tooth-mammoths of the genus Mammuthus with a reduced number of plates in sites across northern Eurasia, (2) provide new radiocarbon dates, and (3) consider the number of plates as a possible sign of dwarfization in continental mammoths. The small teeth of the last generation of M. primigenius from the coastal part of northeastern Siberia and a comparison with data from other regions show that the posterior sections of mammoth cheek teeth are the most variable and represent a reduction complex. For the woolly mammoth, reduction primarily affects that part of the crown which became more complex by the gradually increasing number of plates during the phyletic evolution in the Middle to Late Pleistocene. The rapid loss of the evolutionary achievements through reduction is not a unique feature of woolly mammoth teeth. This has been observed in other mammals as well. Similar reduction complexes are observed for the cheek teeth of proboscideans and rodents of the subfamily Arvicolinae, as is shown by a decrease in the number of serially homologous crown elements: plates in proboscideans and pairs of prisms in voles. A comparison of the number of plates with the size of the teeth of M. primigenius suggests that a decrease in the number of dental plates, while retaining other specific features of the tooth, can be used as a criterion for separating semi-dwarf and small specimens of the woolly mammoth. The largest decrease in size of mainland mammoths is observed during warming periods, which also showed significant transformations of landscapes in a reduction of available resources.

Legal Protection For Consumers Using Dentures By Dental Services

The research aims to analyse the legal protection for consumers who use prosthodontics by dental worker, and the legal authority and responsibility of dental worker (dentists) regarding the installation of false teeth (prosthodontics). The research used is normative legal research, using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach with primary legal material and secondary legal material. Legal protection for consumers regarding dental service practices has not been fully implemented in the Consumer Protection Law. The authority of dental worker (dentists) has been regulated in Minister of Health Regulation 39 of 2014. However, in practice, it is not implemented following applicable regulations. The responsibility of dental worker (dentists) for patients who use dentures (prosthodontists) is they provide pain relief medication due to the installation of dentures as well as repairing the installation of the dentures they have made. Additionally, the dental worker shall provide compensation following the applicable law.

A follow-up study of the severe occlusal surface wear of implant-supported full-arch prostheses

Objective: To evaluate the severe occlusal surface wear of implant-supported full-arch prostheses, and to explore the risk factors affecting the severe occlusal surface wear of implant-supported full-arch prostheses. Methods: Five hundred and thirty-five patients who received implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses or implant-overdentures and completed at least one follow-up 3 months after the delivery of definitive prostheses were enrolled from October 1994 to October 2021 in this retrospective cohort study. The information on demographics, implants, definitive prostheses, and related outcomes was collected. Cox proportional hazard regression model was adopted to analyze the risk factors of the severe wear of occlusal surfaces in implant-supported full-arch prostheses. Univariate analysis was performed on the factors that may affect the severe wear of occlusal surfaces, and the parameters of P<0.10 in univariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis to explore the risk factors affecting the severe wear of occlusal surfaces in implant-supported full-arch prostheses. Results: Severe wear of the posterior occlusal surfaces was detected in 114 prostheses with a duration of 61.4 (33.3, 89.4) months. 13 cases occurred≤2 years after the delivery of definitive prostheses, 44 cases>2 years and≤5 years, 44 cases>5 years and≤10 years, and the other 13 cases>10 years. There was no significant difference in the average time of severe occlusal surface wear between implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses and implant-overdentures in the maxilla (Z=-1.03, P=0.303). However, in the mandible, it was 48.2 (31.2, 80.2) and 79.2 (51.3, 119.1) months respectively, which was statistically significant (Z=-2.93, P=0.003). Cox proportional hazard regression model showed opposed fixed dentition, bruxism, and posterior resin occlusal surfaces were risk factors (P<0.05) affecting the severe wear of the occlusal surfaces. Conclusions: Severe occlusal surface wear was clinically common with the prolonged application of implant-supported full-arch prostheses. Prostheses opposed to fixed dentition, in patients with bruxism, and made of posterior resin materials were at higher risk of severe occlusal surface wear on the posterior artificial teeth. Regular follow-up, patients' behavior guidance, and clinicians' appropriate intervention were necessary to manage this complication.

Characteristics of speech function in the process of patients getting used to removable dentures

Relevance. The study of the attitude to the disease of dental patients during the adaptation period with the use of conventional clinical research methods is relatively rarely covered in the available domestic and foreign literature. Objective. To study the changes of internal disease pattern after the adaptation period completion in rehabilitation of patients with full tooth loss by full removable acrylic dentures, including the use of such orthopedic dental prosthesis together with the adhesive agent, designed to improve their fixation. Materials and methods. 48 (15 men and 33 women) elderly patients (61–74 years old) with a total loss of teeth were examined and were divided into 2 study groups: 1 – comparison group; 2 – main group. There were also examined 17 elderly people who had no defects of dental rows and formed a control group. The defects of dental rows in the patients of the 1st and 2nd groups were eliminated by making removable dentures. At the same time, during the adaptation period the patients of the second group of the study used a new domestic adhesive cream Aceptа Рarodontal with an extract of medicinal herbs for fixation of dentures. Before treatment and during the adaptation period the types of patients’ relation to the disease were investigated; for this purpose the clinical technique «Type of relation to the disease» (TORD) was usedResults. It was found that while preserving the integrity of dental rows in elderly people the types of attitude to the disease included in the conditionally adaptive block were mainly marked. At the end of adaptation period if all patients of the main group 2 had the types of attitude towards the disease included in the first conditionally adaptive block, then the patients of the comparison group 1 in only 39.1% of people revealed similar types of attitude towards the disease, which testified to the problems in adaptation to new removable acrylic dentures made for the treatment of complete tooth loss. Conclusion. The use of ASEPTA РARODONTAL adhesive cream with herbal extracts by patients provides a positive correction of the internal picture of the disease and the patient’s personal reaction to the treatment. On the basis of the carried out research it is possible to recommend to patients the domestic adhesive cream ASEPTA РARODONTAL for denture fixation in order to optimize the adaptation period to removable acrylic dentures as well as for permanent use, which will improve not only fixation and stabilization of dentures, condition of denture bed mucosa, but also quality of speech function.

An Analytical Tooth Model Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance Chips Coated with Hydroxyapatite Used for Investigation of the Acquired Dental Pellicle

One of the main targets in modern dentistry is the prevention of caries. Not only daily nutrition plays an important role, but also the so‐called “pellicle” on the outer surface of teeth, which is mainly formed by saliva proteins. Moreover, numerous bacteria are part of this pellicle, which might cause caries by acidic metabolites. In the here‐presented study, a method for electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles on gold surfaces, suitable for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements, is developed. An “artificial tooth” is created and loaded by natural saliva in different concentrations (to form a natural pellicle), while the influence of an environment with different pH values has been studied. It could be demonstrated that even slight acid solutions damage the pellicle significantly within seconds, exposing the HAP to acidic degradation, which would lead to caries in the human oral cavities. This model allows to study pellicle formation as well as degradation in real time. As a practical example, the influence of beverages on the pellicle could be demonstrated.

Orthodontic Aligners: Current Perspectives for the Modern Orthodontic Office.

Orthodontic aligners are changing the practice of orthodontics. This system of orthodontic appliances is becoming the mainstay appliance of choice for orthodontic offices in many countries. Patient preferences and lifestyle needs have made this appliance the primary choice when seeking care. In the early days, appliances lacked the efficiency and effectiveness of traditional bracket-wire systems, but modern systems are now able to handle a more comprehensive orthodontic caseload. Current systems provide newer biomechanical strategies and artificial intelligence-driven tooth movements for better outcomes. These improvements now mean that an orthodontist can be better prepared to manage a larger number of orthodontic malocclusions. This paper aims to discuss some of the evolution of orthodontic aligners and to describe to orthodontists the fundamentals of aligner therapy. In addition, it will provide an evidence-based outcome to the existing treatment outcomes in the current literature.

Tooth Color Differences between Digital Photography and Spectrophotometer in both Genders: An In vivo Study

Background: Tooth color is one of the most concerning issues in cosmetic dentistry. Different lighting, materials, and genders have influenced tooth color, hence, influencing the esthetic appearance. Knowing the differences between different materials to measure tooth color and differences in tooth color between genders could help in better understanding and choosing artificial tooth color. Objective: This study aims to compare two color-measuring methods, spectrophotometer and standardized digital photography, and gender differences in terms of tooth color. Methods: An evaluation of 300 vital maxillary central and lateral incisors was carried out on 150 adult participants. Tooth color was measured using the CIEL*a*b* color system on digital photography images and the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer. The settings for digital photography were standardized, and the reliability of the method was tested. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the two color-measuring methods and gender differences in terms of tooth color, with a significant level set at p = 0.05. Results: There were statistically significant differences between Vita Easyshade Spectrophotometer and digital photography in all color spaces (L*, a*, and b*) for central and lateral incisors. There was a significant difference between males’ and females’ L* color space in digital photography for central (p = 0.04) and lateral (p = 0.05) incisors. The reliability of the digital photography method used in this study was high. Conclusion: Tooth colors were found to be lighter and more yellowish in VITA Easyshade compared to the digital camera. Females had lighter teeth compared to males in digital photography. The digital photography method showed excellent reliability.

3D finite element analysis of the dental implant loss effect on the stress distribution in the mandibular implant-supported prosthesis

An implant-supported prosthesis may have as few as three supporting implants, and the loss of one of them may lead to the loss of the entire structure. The framework of the Trefoil design is a standard bar made of high-strength titanium. Cyclic loading of metals and metal structures brings about the effect reducing the strength characteristics and known as fatigue. Fatigue limit is the value of stress below which the cyclic loading can-not destroy the structure. The aim of the work is to determine the treatment tactics for a patient having lost a distal implant and justify it according to the results of a three-dimensional finite element analysis of the effect of one dental implant loss on the biome-chanics of a mandibular implant-supported prosthesis with three supports. Bridge loading modeling was carried out with the Ansys 19.3 finite element analysis package and thus the stress-strain condition of the prosthesis and its components, im-plants and the frame itself, namely the bar, were determined. The stress values obtained allowed to draw the conclusion about the condition of metal structures under cyclic load-ing. The geometric model represents the mandible, including the compact and spongy bone layers, a bridge structure with two implants screwed into the spongy layer, and arti-ficial teeth attached to the implant structure. The model was created with the use of a real patient’s computerized cone-beam tomogram (CBCT) findings. The finite element model consists of 383507 second-order tetrahedral elements and 619339 nodes. The compo-nents are interconnected by contact elements of the "bonded" type, imitating a rigid con-nection without slipping. With 220 MPa being the fatigue limit for the loaded titanium implant construction, it was concluded that extended prosthesis construction can withstand an unlimited number of loading cycles at 100 N loading with the maximum stress of 154 MPa occurring in the left part of the jaw. The clinician’s tactics was determined for the potential loss of function or removal of one of the three Trefoil supporting implants: the prosthesis must not be removed until reimplantation.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ БАЗИСОВ СЪЕМНЫХ ПЛАСТИНОЧНЫХ ПРОТЕЗОВ КАК ЗАЛОГ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ

The article discusses possible methods and modifications for the manufacture of bases for removable lamellar dentures based on acrylic plastic. The use of acrylic resin is still widely used today in orthopedic dentistry. Removable plate dentures made of acrylic plastic have good aesthetic properties, manufacturability, sufficient strength, and, despite the actual toxicity of the residual monomer, the current alternative has not yet been established in world practice. That is why research is ongoing aimed at testing both new alternative materials for the manufacture of prostheses, and modified technologies for the manufacture of prosthesis bases from polymethyl methacrylate. Possible reaction of the mucosa of patients to the residual monomer in the basis of a removable prosthesis justifies the need for further study of options for solving this problem. Based on the literature data, the article considered possible options for replacing plastic with polyetheretherketone, nylon, partial replacement of acrylic plastic with metal. The experience of using topcoat varnishes is analyzed. Comparisons were made between attempts to coat the surface of prostheses with components of essential oil plants, n-butyl acetic acid, and polysulfone-based insulating varnish to reduce toxicological effects. Based on the analysis, conclusions were drawn about the positive and negative results of all previously used methods, and the need for further research in this direction was justified.

Teeth Rehabilitation and Nutritional Influence on Diabetic Patients: A Review.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a globally prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Its complications significantly impact both the quality and longevity of the patient's lifewith a substantial burden on the healthcare system. Missing teeth make individuals more susceptible to malnutrition compared to those with functional teeth. This is especially true for people with diabetes, as the condition is closely linked to both oral health and food intake. Natural teeth loss can significantly reduce an individual's ability to chew food, leading to a decrease in the quality and quantity of their nutrition. Prosthodontics is a dental specialty that replaces missing teeth with artificial ones. Replacing missing teeth may prevent the risk of malnutrition due to decreased ability to chew. Good oral health is important for overall health, especially for those with conditions such as diabetes. Artificial teeth replacement may improve nutrition intake by improving chewing ability. Therefore, the ultimate objective of rehabilitating a patient's oral cavity is to replace the shape and function in terms of chewing performance to a degree that is as close to normal as feasible. The purpose of this review is to explore the literature showing the link between natural teeth loss and nutrition in individuals with DM, with a special focus on prosthodontic management. Several oral complications occur in diabetic patients specificallyteeth loss, which in turn affects mastication function. This in turn cause malnutrition and affect glucose level. It is imperative for healthcare providers to take an interdisciplinary approach in order to improve the dental and nutritional status and overall well-being of DM patients.