Political Articulation Research Articles

Pop Art: A Reactionary Realism

In parody the implication is the perverse, and I feel that in my own work I don't mean it to be that. Because I don't dislike the work that I'm parodying…. The things that I have parodied I actually admire.— Roy LichtensteinLawrence Alloway writes that “Pop art is neither abstract nor realistic, though it has contacts in both directions.”1 This article explores its contacts in the realistic direction, even taking it as a political articulation. Jean Cassou insists that “a realistic movement in art is always revolutionary.”

Sex Roles, Social Class and Political Consciousness

Current conceptualizations of political socialization are reviewed and a more structurally oriented alternative framework is presented. The concepts of opportunity structures and potentials are introduced, and the relative importance of sex versus social class differences in political awareness and articulation arc examined. Analysis of empirical data, e.g. on the political and non-political information levels, on the correlations with sex of different politically relevant attitudes obtained from a survey of Finnish secondary and vocational school youth shows the generally lower level of awareness and articulation among females than males. More definite differences, however, were noted between the type of school in general, irrespective of the sex of the students.

Sex Roles, Social Class and Political Consciousness

Current conceptualizations of political socialization are reviewed and a more structurally oriented alternative framework is presented. The concepts of opportunity structures and potentials are introduced, and the relative importance of sex versus social class differences in political awareness and articulation are examined. Analysis of empirical data, e.g. on the political and non-political information levels, on the correlations with sex of different politically relevant attitudes obtained from a survey of Finnish secondary and vocational school youth shows the generally lower level of awareness and articulation among females than males. More definite differences, however, were noted between the type of school in general, irrespective of the sex of the students.

The Shiv Sena: A Movement in Search of Legitimacy

]he founding of the Shiv Sena in Bombay on the eve of India's Fourth General Election and its spectacular growth into a major political force in that city are among the more important developments in Indian politics during the last few years. Its development represents the pervasive importance of primordial sentiments in a very modern sector of the Indian polity. It also reflects the increasing salience of local as opposed national concerns in India's urban arenas. It is perhaps indicative of what may become an increasingly mportant form of local political articulation in a nationally oriented party system. The creation of the Shiv Sena immediately exposed latent but intense political discontent. Founded on June 19, 1966 to safeguard the welfare of the people of Maharashtra,' the Shiv Sena at once attracted a large and militant following among Bombay's Marathi-speaking population. Its founding rally drew far bigger crowds than any drawn by the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti2 even during the heyday of the linguistic agitation. A conservative estimate of attendance at the rally addressed by Bal Thackery, the founder of the Shiv Sena, placed it at over two hundred thousand. Thackery's appeal for support at the rally evoked an overwhelming response, thousands reportedly volunteering within the first few hours by signing the Shiv Senia pledge and paying membership dues of one rupee (13 cents). By all accounts, this was a remarkable achievement for a movement whose leader was until then a political nonentity. The Shiv Sena played a prominent part in the Fourth general election held in March 1967 and launched a virulent campaign against those candidates whom it described as outsiders. It appealed the voters vote for sons of the soil. The defeat of V. K. Krishna Menon in two successive election contests in Bombay's North-East Parliamentary constituency was attributed by many the Shiv Sena which attacked him as a carpetbagger. Soon after-

Organización e integración política de las ciudades gallegas en tiempos de Felipe II

Este artículo es un trabajo de síntesis sobre la morfología y articulación política de las siete ciudades cabecera de provincia de Galicia en tiempos de Felipe II. En él se trata de poner de manifiesto la diversidad y analogías existentes entre sus respectivas corporaciones. Como balance final se ofrecen algunas observaciones sobre las relaciones y capacidad de intervención que a este nivel de las estructuras del poder local tenían otros poderes, particularmente la Corona.

Nation Building and Image Building in the Tanzanian Press

The press in Tanzania mirrors the political consciousness of a newly independent state and reflects some of the ambiguities that accompany political articulation in a one-party democracy. In this analysis of the four daily newspapers, special attention has been given to the ‘news geography’ which is presented in an attempt to anticipate the world image or ‘psychological geography’ which results from reading the daily newspaper. For even the selection of what news to print reflects the tensions and conflicts between an ideal news policy and the limitations imposed by the lack of funds, personnel, and the influence of the western news services.

Caste and Secularism in India Case Study of a Caste Federation

A study of the interactions between the caste system and political democracy in India rejects the familiar theory that there is a dichotomy between a traditional society and a modern polity. On the contrary, it underlines the functional relevance of indigenous patterns of communication and differentiation to the process of modernizing. Where a relatively open society, by an act of conscious preference, resolves to undertake the task of building a modern nation through a democratic polity, the result is a progressive fusion of various elements. In India, under the impacts of Western education, nationalist movement, and adult franchise, the traditional community structure has continuously changed and adapted. What is important is the mutual exposure and adaptation of traditional and modern authority structures, communication media, and identification symbols. The new institutions establish their hegemony precisely by taking into their confidence the pluralities of the antecedent culture. Caste has been politicized, but in the process it has provided Indian politics with processes and symbols of political articulation.