In modern veterinary practice, there is an acute problem of restoring the structure and function of damaged articular cartilage in animals, especially in one-hoofed animals. Cartilage tissue has a limited ability to regenerate due to the fact that it does not have blood and lymphatic vessels. With large defects, fibrous tissue or fibrous cartilage grows, which differ from hyaline cartilage in biochemical and biomechanical parameters. Subsequently, the cartilage undergoes degeneration, which in some cases may progress to osteoarthritic changes. Numerous studies have been conducted in the last few years in search of effective treatments. Among them is the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).The purpose of this work was to review the results of studies presented in the current literature on the topic of articular cartilage regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells.The search for original studies was carried out in the systems ResearchGate, PubMed, Liebertpub. Information about the properties of mesenchymal stem cells and the features of their use, the results of clinical studies, as well as the degree of knowledge and future prospects are given.MSCs have the ability to self-maintain and differentiate into various mesenchymal cell lines (osteoid, chondrogenic, adipogenic). They are involved in the growth and development, restoration and regeneration of mesenchymal tissues. Based on the properties of MSCs, they represent a potential source of cells to induce regeneration of the affected articular cartilage.Currently, MSC-based therapy is still in preclinical and 1 stage of research. Large-scale clinical trials are required to comprehensively assess the mechanism of action of MSCs, and subsequently address issues of its improvement.