Article Definitions Research Articles

Patient navigation programs for people with dementia, their caregivers, and members of their care team: a scoping review protocol.

The objective of this review is to map the literature on the characteristics, barriers, and faciliators of patient navigation programs for people with dementia, their caregivers, and/or members of their care team across all settings. Patient navigation refers to a model of care that helps guide people through the health care system, matching their unmet needs to appropriate resources, services, and programs. Patient navigation may be beneficial to people with dementia because this is a population that frequently faces fragmented and uncoordinated care and has individualized care needs. This review will focus on patient navigation programs for people living with dementia, their caregivers, and/or members of their care team, while excluding programs that do not explicitly focus on dementia. It will include patient navigation across all settings, delivered in all formats, and administered by all types of navigators, as long as the program is aligned with this article's definition of patient navigation, while excluding case management. This review will be conducted in accordance with JBI methodology for scoping reviews. The MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, and ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health databases will be searched for published articles. Two independent reviewers will screen articles for relevance against the inclusion criteria. The results will be presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews flow diagram, and the extracted data will be presented in both tabular and narrative format.

Consolidated, systemic conceptualization, and definition of the “sharing economy”

AbstractThe “sharing economy” has recently emerged as a major global phenomenon in practice and is consequently an important research topic. What, precisely, is meant by this term, “sharing economy”? The literature to date offers many, often incomplete and conflicting definitions. This makes it difficult for researchers to lead a coherent discourse, to compare findings and to select appropriate cases. Alternative terms (e.g., “collaborative consumption,” “gig economy,” and “access economy”) are a further complication. To resolve this issue, our article develops a consolidated (based on all prior work) and systemic (relating to the phenomenon in its entire scope) definition of the sharing economy. The definition is based on the detailed analysis of definitions and explanations in 152 sources identified in a systematic literature review. We identify 36 original understandings of the term “sharing economy.” Using semantic integration strategies, we consolidate 84 semantic facets in these definitions into 18 characteristics of the sharing economy. Resolving conflicts in the meaning and scope of these characteristics, we arrive at a consolidated, systemic definition. We evaluate the definition's appropriateness and applicability by applying it to cases claimed by the media to be examples of the sharing economy. This article's definition is useful for future research and discourse on the sharing economy.

Incentives and Computing Systems for Team-Based Organizations: A Mathematical and Economic Analysis

This paper provides a mathematical and economic analysis “Incentives and Computing Systems for Team-Based Organizations” by A. Barua, C. H. Sophie Lee, and A. B. Whinston, which was published in Organization Science in 1995. Several points were not adequately stated in the original article and one of the key definitions is not clear, nor is it in keeping with the classical theory of production. Although the Cobb-Douglas production function is often used in the article, it does not comply with the article's definitions. The two main contributions of this paper are (1) to provide a word of caution to other readers who might try to extend Barua et al. (1995) and (2) to suggest alternative formulations and directions for future research.

Form, function, and self-control

AbstractThe target article's definition of self-control as a highly valued behavior pattern containing a less preferred element is consistent with other functionalist explanations of behavior. This definition falls within the more traditional definition of self-control as the choice of a larger, more delayed reinforcer over a smaller, less delayed reinforcer, and can provide new insights concerning our understanding of self-control.