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Mental health supported accommodation services: a systematic review of mental health and psychosocial outcomes

BackgroundPost-deinstitutionalisation, mental health supported accommodation services have been implemented widely. The available research evidence is heterogeneous in nature and resistant to synthesis attempts, leaving researchers and policy makers with no clear summary what works and for whom. In this context, we undertook a comprehensive systematic review of quantitative studies in order to synthesise the current evidence on mental health and psychosocial outcomes for individuals residing in mental health supported accommodation services.MethodsUsing a combination of electronic database searches, hand searches, forward-backward snowballing and article recommendations from an expert panel, 115 papers were identified for review. Data extraction and quality assessments were conducted, and 33 articles were excluded due to low quality, leaving 82 papers in the final review. Variation in terminology and service characteristics made the comparison of service models unfeasible. As such, findings were presented according to the following sub-groups: ‘Homeless’, ‘Deinstitutionalisation’ and ‘General Severe Mental Illness (SMI)’.ResultsResults were mixed, reflecting the heterogeneity of the supported accommodation literature, in terms of research quality, experimental design, population, service types and outcomes assessed. There is some evidence that supported accommodation is effective across a range of psychosocial outcomes. The most robust evidence supports the effectiveness of the permanent supported accommodation model for homeless SMI in generating improvements in housing retention and stability, and appropriate use of clinical services over time, and for other forms of supported accommodation for deinstitutionalised populations in reducing hospitalisation rates and improving appropriate service use. The evidence base for general SMI populations is less developed, and requires further research.ConclusionsA lack of high-quality experimental studies, definitional inconsistency and poor reporting continue to stymie our ability to identify effective supported accommodation models and practices. The authors recommend improved reporting standards and the prioritisation of experimental studies that compare outcomes across different service models.

Preparation of a periodic safety update report

This article is a continuation of the publication «Standard form of a Periodic safety update report» in the previous issue of the journal. This article recommendations for the preparation of Periodic safety update report (PSUR) to ensure the development of this report document license holders of certificates of registration of drugs for subsequent submission to the section «Periodic report» Federal Database «Automated system of Pharmacovigilance» and subsequent evaluation of the Roszdravnadzor the information of scientific and clinical nature are presented. This practical advices with step by step recommendations for medical authors are presented.

The Impact of University of Zululand Structural and Cultural Contexts on Postgraduate Supervision Practice (2011–2016)

ABSTRACTThere is a constant interplay between the “people” (agency) and the “parts” (structure and culture), not only in teaching and learning, but also in postgraduate supervision practices globally. However, in South Africa, the tendency to use structure (higher education architecture, institutional history, institutional rules, policies and procedures) to address all challenges related to postgraduate (especially doctoral) studies has resulted in university managers ignoring the role that institutional research culture (social norms, expectations and practice) plays, not only in perpetuating some of these challenges, but also in understanding and resolving them. At the University of Zululand (UniZulu), these factors combine to affect not only the postgraduate supervision practices of supervisors, but also the quality of doctoral throughput (doctorateness) with overall implications for society in general. This article is a critical self-reflection on the author’s postgraduate supervision practice at UniZulu between 2011 and 2016 with a view to highlight how structure and culture combine to impact on his supervision work at the institution. The discussion shows how these factors impact on the quality of doctoral output with implications for the author’s practice and society in general. To deal with the challenges arising from the discussion, the article recommends: establishing a dedicated postgraduate studies unit headed by a director or dean as supervisors and supervisees need a support system that functions optimally; improving staff qualifications and training of supervisors to keep up with best practice in postgraduate supervision; and the Department of Higher Education and Training factoring differentiation realities into its funding modules for universities.

A Principled and Legal Approach to Title IX Reporting

Institutions of higher education identify “responsible employees” to further their compliance with Title IX. Responsible employees typically report instances of campus gender-based violence to the institution, usually to the Title IX coordinator. Unfortunately, most colleges and universities make virtually every employee a responsible employee. This “wide-net” approach to reporting, sometimes referred to as universal mandatory reporting, produces two categories of related unintended consequences: (1) it weakens the autonomy of victims when they need their autonomy most, thereby undermining their sense of institutional support and aggravating their psychological and physical harm from the assault; and (2) because of these negative consequences, it deters some victims from accessing the help they need and from invoking university processes designed to hold their perpetrators accountable. After describing the drawbacks of wide-net reporting policies, this Article examines whether current law and guidance permits colleges and universities to limit the number of responsible employees. It argues that recent guidance from the Office for Civil Rights (OCR) increases institutional discretion beyond what existed even under Obama-era guidance and allows institutions to move away from wide-net reporting policies. Nonetheless, because some troubling language still remains in OCR guidance, this Article urges the Trump administration to inform colleges and universities expressly that they can narrow the number of responsible employees. The Article then describes in detail the components of a legally sufficient and principled reporting policy. The Article identifies key principles that should guide an institution’s formulation of policy, discusses which employees should be made responsible employees, and analyzes several tricky categories of employees. To facilitate reporting and to support survivors, the Article recommends that all employees be obligated to report for a survivor if the survivor wants to report and to offer the survivor access to confidential support services. Several other aspects of reporting policies that deserve consideration are also highlighted. Finally, the Article argues that institutions cannot credibly justify their wide-net policies by invoking concerns about liability. No reliable estimates exist about the relative liability risks attending different types of policies. The purported institutional advantages of wide-net reporting policies, including the simplification of matters for employees and the removal of perpetrators from campus, appear overstated. Moreover, the liability risks associated with wide-net policies, including the increased institutional vulnerability when employees do not report or when students do not want them to report, are typically ignored. The Article concludes by urging colleges and universities to revise their reporting policies to better advance the goals of Title IX.

Functional dyspepsia and chronic gastritis

Diseases of upper parts of digestive tract are extremely widespread pathology and have not only the medical, but also social importance since often occur at young working-age people. It is actual to separate the items: functional dyspepsia (FD) and a dyspepsia associated with Helicobacter pylori because it is important for optimization of patient’s treatment. The review of modern foreign and Russian references about treatment of dyspeptic patients depending on existence or absence of an infection of Helicobacter pylori is presented in article (recommendation of V Maastricht consensus, Kyoto consensus, Russian gastroenterological association, Science society of Russian gastroenterologists). At diagnosis of a functional dyspepsia, it is recommended to be guided by the Roman criteria of the IV revision. In with document not only importance of an exception of organic pathology of digestive tract as the reasons of a secondary dyspepsia, but also need of inspection for the purpose of verification of Helicobacter pylori for an exception of an etiological role of a microorganism in development of a dyspepsia is emphasized. Allocation of two clinical options of a functional dyspepsia is also proved from the point of view of approaches to therapy of this disease. Algorithms of treatment of patients with various options of a dyspepsia are presented in article. These algorithms include different schemes of eradication therapy in case of dyspepsia associated with Helicobacter pylori and prokinetics/acid suppressors in case of functional dyspepsia.

New Perspectives on Congressional Collections: A Study of Survey and Assessment

ABSTRACT Archivists have grappled with the processing and management challenges of congressional collections, but have spent less time exploring the use of these collections or their utility for research outside traditional topics and disciplines. This case study examines how two department projects produced new insights into congressional collections at an institution examining the importance of its political materials within its collection development policy. A survey of Native American collection materials led to a new understanding of the vast scholarly potential of congressional collections. Likewise, a general assessment of special collections revealed the popularity of congressional collections and the nature of their users. The article recommends using data-informed analysis and a better understanding of American political life for the future development and promotion of congressional collections within and outside the library.

Do not blame it on the algorithm: an empirical assessment of multiple recommender systems and their impact on content diversity

ABSTRACTIn the debate about filter bubbles caused by algorithmic news recommendation, the conceptualization of the two core concepts in this debate, diversity and algorithms, has received little attention in social scientific research. This paper examines the effect of multiple recommender systems on different diversity dimensions. To this end, it maps different values that diversity can serve, and a respective set of criteria that characterizes a diverse information offer in this particular conception of diversity. We make use of a data set of simulated article recommendations based on actual content of one of the major Dutch broadsheet newspapers and its users (N=21,973 articles, N=500 users). We find that all of the recommendation logics under study proved to lead to a rather diverse set of recommendations that are on par with human editors and that basing recommendations on user histories can substantially increase topic diversity within a recommendation set.

HAR-SI: A novel hybrid article recommendation approach integrating with social information in scientific social network

With the rapid development of information technology, scientific social network, i.e. SSN, have become the fastest and most convenient way for researchers to communicate with each other. However, a lot of published articles are shared via SSN every day which make it difficult for researchers to find highly valuable articles. To solve above information overload problem, a novel hybrid approach integrating with social information, i.e., HAR-SI, is proposed for the article recommendation in SSN. Unlike the traditional CBF and CF recommendation approaches, the social tag information and social friend information, which have been proved playing a significant role on recommendation in many domains, are effectively integrated into these two approaches separately to improve the accuracy in SSN. Prediction results made by the improved CBF and CF separately are combined with a hybrid method. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed HAR-SI, a real-life dataset from CiteULike was employed. Experimental results show that the proposed approach provides higher quality recommendations than the baseline methods, thus providing a more effective manner to recommend articles in SSN.

Adaptive co-management in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: examining the interface between flood management and adaptation

The rural landscapes of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta have undergone a dramatic change, where flood management and adaptation are at the forefront. This article investigates how these synergies facilitate policy change. Drawing on qualitative information from the literature, focus group discussions, and interviews, the article argues that there are confrontational but complementary effects between them, which evolve towards adaptive co-management. Collaborative learning between local governments and farmers enables shared understanding of water management drawbacks, leading to policy change. The article recommends that more attention be given to this approach to guide strategic water policy development in the region.

Publicly Available Information: Modernizing Defense Open Source Intelligence

As the realm of Publicly Available Information continues to be codified by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), it is time to redefine the Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) discipline to leverage the digital data domain effectively. This article recommends focusing on the modernization and redefinition of Defense OSINT to yield the best results. It highlights the value of the proliferation of OSINT sources in the Digital Age. This article recommends professionalizing Defense OSINT by establishing an enlisted military OSINT occupation, identifying specialized OSINT skills for recruitment, documenting OSINT best practices, standardizing Defense OSINT training, establishing a service lead to leverage industry experts, and updating all relevant DoD policy and Service regulations. It also includes a brief account of policymakers urging these types of changes.

What Theory and the Empirical Evidence Tell Us About Proxy Access

Traditionally, the default rules of corporate and securities law have provided the Board with exclusive authority to decide whether shareholder proposals on proxy access are to be included in a public company’s proxy solicitation materials. However, the SEC has recently amended its rules to allow such proposals to be included whether or not a Board approves. This Article recommends that the SEC return to its traditional approach to proxy access and furthermore urges the SEC not to put mandatory proxy access back on its agenda absent consistent empirical evidence showing shareholder-initiated proxy access is value enhancing. These recommendations are efficiency based as the Board, the locus of authority with the expertise and access to information that is not accessible to shareholders, is in the best position to determine whether or not proxy access is wealth enhancing for shareholders, not the shareholders themselves. This Article makes three primary arguments. First, the SEC’s current regime of proxy access, by no longer allowing companies to exclude shareholder proposals on proxy access from their proxy solicitation materials, should not be understood as an enhancement to the “private ordering” of a company’s governance arrangements. Rather, this regime acts as a federal barrier to the more efficient approach of Board initiated proxy access. Second, the superiority of Board decision making in the context of proxy access creates a presumption that mandatory proxy access is an inefficient and unnecessary means of nominating and electing directors. Third, this presumption can be rebutted with empirical evidence that consistently shows, at a high level of statistical significance, that mandatory proxy access to be wealth enhancing for shareholders. This is required as the null hypothesis to be tested can be stated as follows: the “preservation of managerial discretion” in the nomination of directors is wealth enhancing for shareholders. However, the empirical evidence does not currently exist to reject the null hypothesis. As a result, it would not be unreasonable for the SEC to keep mandatory proxy access off its agenda.

РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ ПРАВА НА ПРАЦЮ В УМОВАХ ФАКТИЧНОЇ ГЕНДЕРНОЇ НЕРІВНОСТІ

The article is devoted to gender inequality in the world of work, which is not the least important issue. It examines the problems of developing measures to prevent gender discrimination. Recently, there has been considerable activity in the development of provisions in legislation to prevent such inequality and to address the above-mentioned problems. However, the question remains as to how to realize these declared opportunities and rights in labour relations. In practice, a different situation can be observed. Women are less likely than men to be employed in high-paying jobs and to be promoted. Most employers continue to give preference to men because of the risk of women interrupting their working and losing their qualifications due to childbirth or caring for them in the event of illness. Women are the first to be fired when redundancies occur and are forced to seek employment in the informal sector of the economy, to perform low-status, low-paid jobs without the social guarantees laid down by the State or to seek employment abroad, exposed and humiliated while neglecting and educating their children [1]. Gender equality is a central indicator of the development of each country. In order to deal with some of the issuesrelated to gender inequality in employment in this article, taking into account international experience and recommendations, the following possible ways to address this issue were identified, such as the specification and increase of offences, imposition of forced measures in case of violation of the principle of non-discrimination based on gender. Gender inequality has also been recognized at the international level. The article analyses international standards and recommendations and identifies ways to address this issue in selected European countries. Changes in the regulation of gender relations are taking place through the introduction of state programmes to cope with gender inequality. Unfortunately, most of the provisions of these programmes are declarative. Gender inequality and socio-economic and political discrimination against women cannot be addressed by State reforms alone. A change in social attitude and the achievement of a balance between guaranteeing, and ensuring benefits may lead to the elimination of discrimination in the labour market.

ШКОЛьНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА: ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И ПРОГНОЗ РАЗВИТИЯ

For the sustainable development of society and the realization of the goal of improving the qualityof education, it becomes important to define and develop not only the state policy in the field of education,but also the school policy of the republic as a whole and of each secondary educational institutionof the republic too. In this article, we examine the structure and generalize the types of school policy inKazakhstan. The purpose of the article is to develop the structure of school policy and to generalize theexperience of modern Kazakhstan schools in defining school policy, to offer recommendations for thedevelopment of school policy.School policy is defined in two levels of implementation and development: state school policy andthe school policy of the institution. The school policy of the institution is determined by the state schoolpolicy and is changed in accordance with the specifics of the type of the particular school. The structureof the school policy is determined by the elements – personnel policy, academic and methodical policy,upbringing policy, distributive and resource policy. At the level of the state school policy, the “Generalstrategies and priorities for the development of school education” are additionally set out. At the policylevel of a particular school – “School traditions and strategies and directions for the development of aparticular school”, taking into account the features of the school.In the article recommendations for the developmento of school policy of Kazakshan are offered.Key words: school policy, academic policy, school, personnel policy, academic and methodicalpolicy, upbringing policy.

Combining Limited Liability and Transparent Taxation: Lessons From the Convergent Evolution of GmbH & Co. KGs, S Corporations, LLCs, and Other Functionally Equivalent Entities

Tax transparent limited liability entities (TTLLEs), such as the GmbH & Co. KG in Germany, the trading trust in Australia, or the S Corporation and the LLC in the United States, can be found in many developed economies. While these entities are to a large extent functionally equivalent, their underlying legal mechanics are very different. The Article traces the convergent evolution of six TTLLEs in five jurisdictions, along three different paths, and describes central determinants of path dependencies. It demonstrates that the demand for TTLLEs is universal and that their availability reduces distortions caused by a traditional tax system. Furthermore, the Article argues that the often reviled distortive influence of tax law on the choice of business entity, which drove the evolution of TTLLEs, sparked innovations in the law of business organizations that would probably not have occurred otherwise, or only much later. Finally, the Article recommends making transparent taxation and entity taxation optionally available to all types of business entities and suggests carefully rationalizing the organizational law of TTLLEs while maintaining the diversity of forms that has evolved.

An Analysis of United States Federal District Court Admission Requirements

This Article analyzes the question of whether an attorney who is not a member of the state bar in the state where a federal district court is located can be admitted to the federal district court when they are admitted in good standing to the state bar of another state. The first section of the Article briefly outlines what various federal district courts actually require on the question of whether an attorney is required to be a member of the state court bar where the federal district court is located. The Article then discusses and analyzes the constitutional challenges against the rules of federal district courts which require that an attorney admitted in the court be a member of the state court bar where the federal district court is located. Essentially all of the constitutional challenges to these rules have been unsuccessful thus far. This Article recommends that in examining their local admission rules, federal district courts should reflect and consider the standards they set for qualifications for United States Magistrate Judges. Such reflection inexorably leads to the outcome that attorneys properly admitted and in good standing with the state courts of at least one state should be permitted admission before any federal district court.

Basic Principles of Thin-Walled Open Bars Taking into Account Where Influence Shifts of Cross Sections are Concerned

The finite element method is considered to be the most effective in relation to the calculation of strength and stability of buildings and engineering constructions. As a rule, for the modelling of supporting 3-D frameworks, finite elements with six degrees of freedom are used in each of the nodes. In practice, such supporting frameworks represent the thin-walled welded bars and hot-rolled bars of open and closed profiles in which cross-sectional deplanation must be taken into account. This idea was first introduced by L N Vorobjev and brought to one of the easiest variants of the thin-walled bar theory. The development of this approach is based on taking into account the middle surface shear deformation and adding the deformations of a thin-walled open bar to the formulas for potential and kinetic energy; these deformations depend on shearing stress and result in decreasing the frequency of the first tone of fluctuations to 13%. The authors of the article recommend taking into account this fact when calculating fail-proof dynamic systems.

The Administration of International Law in National Courts and the Legitimacy of International Law

Increasingly, national courts find themselves called upon to determine matters where un lex specialis; regional supranational law; customary international law and domestic law all appear relevant. Lower court judges may be challenged significantly because such matters often lie beyond their day-to-day practice of interpreting and applying national law to local legal issues. This article recommends that to ensure both justice and legitimacy of international law, national courts − especially lower courts, should a priori consider whether the matters before them would be best served by appointing an expert academician ‘friend of the court’ to illuminate the contested applicable international law.

Bilateral neural embedding for collaborative filtering-based multimedia recommendation

As one of the most popular and successfully applied recommendation methods, collaborative filtering aims to extract low-dimensional user and item representation from historic user-item interaction matrix. The similarity between the user and item representation vectors in the same space well measures the degree of interest and thus can be directly used for recommendation. This paper proposes to leverage the emerging deep neural language model to solve the collaborative filtering-based multimedia recommendation problem. By applying the standard Word2Vec model on the user-item interaction data, we can obtain the item embedding representation. Based on this, three strategies are introduced to derive the user embedded representation in the same space, which exploit both the user-item interaction and the correlation among items. Experiments on article recommendation application demonstrate that the proposed deep neural language models achieve superior performance than the traditional collaborative filtering methods based on matrix factorization and topic model.

A hybrid approach for article recommendation in research social networks

With the prevalence of research social networks, determining effective methods for recommending scientific articles to online scholars has become a challenging and complex task. Current studies on article recommendation works are focused on digital libraries and reference sharing websites while studies on research social networking websites have seldom been conducted. Existing content-based approaches or collaborative filtering approaches suffer from the problem of data sparsity. The quality information of articles has been largely ignored in previous studies, thus raising the need for a unified recommendation framework. We propose a hybrid approach to combine relevance, connectivity and quality to recommend scientific articles. The effectiveness of the proposed framework and methods is verified using a user study on a real research social network website. The results demonstrate that our proposed methods outperform baseline methods.

Ensuring faculty success in online competency-based education programs

BackgroundThe growth of competency‐based programs means faculty are facing new challenges that require different institutional support than traditional programs.MethodThis article identifies how faculty roles are changing and discusses specific challenges for faculty in three diverse institutions, Rasmussen College, Westminster College, and Valdosta State University.Results and ConclusionThe article recommends actions institutions can implement to better support CBE faculty.