Art Research Research Articles

Enhancing the sustainability of geotechnical engineering with utilization of fly Ash

Abstract Massive amounts of fly ash (FA) are dumped carelessly leading to a negative influence on the environment. However, FA contains several advantages when it is used in geotechnical engineering and civil engineering projects which not only dispose of waste but also improve sustainability. In addition to offering a promising solution to the disposal issue, the use of waste materials in civil engineering projects also offers an affordable substitute for conventional materials which preserves natural resources. Many scholars' studies show how FA is used and how it affects the geotechnical characteristics of the soil. Despite extensive research, the assessment of FA's suitability is complicated due to the chemical composition of FA which varies significantly between sources. This variability can affect how FA interacts with different soil types, leading to inconsistent results in terms of soil improvement and geotechnical properties. Therefore, a comprehensive review is required that compiles all effective data and gives the user simple instructions about using FA. This article reviews the current state of the art research on the physical properties of FA, chemical composition of different countries FA, Atterberg limit, compaction properties, California bearing ratio, unconfined compressive strength, shear strength compression, and swelling index. Results showed that adding FA to soil increased its geotechnical qualities, but the effect depends on the type of soil and specific conditions, such as moisture content, compaction, and the percentage of FA added. The higher percentages of FA led to a decline in geotechnical characteristics. The assessment, therefore, advises that FA may be added up to optimum percentages which generally 20% depending on its source and chemical composition.

A dialogue on trust in ethics processes for creative practice research education

Purpose Securing ethical approval can be a frustrating and opaque experience for some creative practice research students who may find the processes required of them not well suited to their specific inquiry. This can lead to an erosion of trust between students and their institutions. This paper aims to synthesize perspectives representing both creative practice research supervisors and Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) to develop recommendations for improving processes and supporting creative practice research training. Design/methodology/approach The authors used dialogical inquiry (Wells et al., 2021) to facilitate a dialogue between the authors, who represent different stakeholders in the ethical review process for creative arts research students. Focus topics for the dialogue were developed collaboratively based on existing literature. Findings Based on the dialogue, the authors make the following recommendations: frame ethics as part of project design alongside aims and methodology rather than as project logistics; structure ethics review processes to ensure ongoing engagement between research students and IRBs; and share exemplars and templates as part of research training. Additionally, the authors advocate for the need to create continuing opportunities for dialogue. Originality/value Previous work interrogating ethical review processes for creative practice research has adopted a clear position from either a creative practice researcher or an IRB member perspective. This dialogue facilitates a novel synthesis of these positions, ensuring the recommendations support the objectives of both IRBs and creative practice researchers.

RESEARCH ON THE KEY CONSTITUENT COMPOSITION OF ART WORKS - CONTEMPORARY TREND

From the perspective of art research and culture, this article analyzes the key significance of the composition of composition in contemporary art works, and carefully explores the innovation trends shown in form, functions and aesthetics in contemporary art situation. Through the in -depth interpretation of various contemporary art phenomena and works, it reveals how composition breaks through the traditional model with the influence of science and technology, the influence of social and cultural ideas, and the guidance of audience needs. Understand the essence of contemporary art creation and grasp its development direction to provide strong support.

Living Lines of the Barely Noticeable

Living Lines of the Barely Noticeable is a long-term artistic research project aiming to develop distinct artistic approaches to relate to and interact with flying insects and provide the artistic research with a theoretical and practical context by reflecting on relationships and connections with the more-than-human world that occurred within the research. The research aimed to explore ways and manners, that can contribute to more meaningful relationships with a more-than-human entity. This resulted firstly in approaches that explored ways to relate to flying insects: reflective attempts studying glimpses and tatters of ‘insectness’ and the circumstances that shaped the way we related to each other. Secondly, I developed approaches that explored manners of being close to (or intimate with) flying insects. These approaches involved more active, hands-on experiments and attempts to interact with flying insects. <style> /* rules to make button only show up in META */ .download-accessible { display:none; } .meta-right-col .download-accessible { display: inline-block; padding: 9px; margin-bottom:25px; border: 1px solid black; background-color:white; } </style> <a class="download-accessible" href="download-media?work=3307173&file=3307179" title="This accessible PDF is a derivative of the original which it is meant to support and not replace.">Download Accessible PDF</a>

Understanding consumer perception and acceptance of AI art through eye tracking and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers-based sentiment analysis

This study investigates public perception and acceptance of AI-generated art using an integrated system that merges eye-tracking methodologies with advanced bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT)-based sentiment analysis. Eye-tracking methods systematically document the visual trajectories and fixation spots of consumers viewing AI-generated artworks, elucidating the inherent relationship between visual activity and perception. Thereafter, the BERT-based sentiment analysis algorithm extracts emotional responses and aesthetic assessments from numerous internet reviews, offering a robust instrument for evaluating public approval and aesthetic perception. The findings indicate that consumer perception of AI-generated art is markedly affected by visual attention behavior, whereas sentiment analysis uncovers substantial disparities in aesthetic assessments. This paper introduces enhancements to the BERT model via domain-specific pre-training and hyper- parameter optimization utilizing deep Gaussian processes and dynamic Bayesian optimization, resulting in substantial increases in classification accuracy and resilience. This study thoroughly examines the underlying mechanisms of public perception and assessment of AI-generated art, assesses the potential of these techniques for practical application in art creation and evaluation, and offers a novel perspective and scientific foundation for future research and application of AI art.

Traces of Turco-Persian influences in Malay woodcarving motifs on vernacular buildings in Terengganu

Woodcarving is considered as one of the highest forms of art in Malay culture. It is an essential aspect of traditional vernacular buildings in the archipelago region as it carries intrinsic meaning while symbolizing status. Despite this, the artistic influence apparent in Malay woodcarving is not fully understood in a holistic manner, in which the Turco-Persian elements are often neglected despite being visibly apparent. The reason for this is previous Malay art researchers are unfamiliar with Turco-Persian elements in Islamic art as compared to Buddha-Hindu elements which are more easily identified. Therefore, the art history method is adopted in this study to analyze the motifs used in vernacular palaces and houses of royalties dating from the 19th and 20th centuries CE in Terengganu. The objective is to identify the Turco-Persian influences and know the type, name, characteristics and stylization of the motifs to help better understand the formation of traditional Malay Islamic art in a comprehensive manner. This is achieved by analyzing and comparing the identified motifs within the context of Turco-Persian motifs used by Turkic dynasties in the Eastern Islamic lands that have a historical connection with the Terengganu region. Findings from the analysis discovered several Turco-Persian motifs in traditional Malay woodcarvings. Except for Muthanna, these motifs are the seven modes of abstract Islamic ornamentation known as haft aṣl that are commonly found in the Eastern Islamic lands on architecture and particularly in Qur’an illumination (tezhib). This indicates that the Turco-Persian tradition has a significant influence on the artistic formation and stylistic development of Malay woodcarving in Southeast Asia and not just Buddha-Hindu and Chinese elements as believed before.

Historical analysis of the sanctuaries of the Lviv Archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Ukraine

The objective of this research is to collate historical data pertaining to the sanctuaries of the Lviv Archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Ukraine that are dedicated to the Persons of the Holy Trinity (or the Divine Mystery), the Blessed Virgin Mary, saints, and blesseds. The study employs a comprehensive approach, utilising scientific analysis, systematisation and generalisation, in conjunction with a combination of historical, cultural and art methods, with the objective of providing a more expansive understanding of the subject matter. This research considers twenty sanctuaries of the Lviv Archdiocese that were officially proclaimed from 13 June 1995--10 June 2020, in addition to the ancient Sanctuary of the Mother of God Merciful and the God of Mercy. All sanctuaries within the Lviv Archdiocese are of a diocesan nature. The study undertook an in-depth analysis of over fifty published sources. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the comprehensive analysis of historical information about the sanctuaries of the Lviv Archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Ukraine. Further historical, cultural and artistic research is needed on the sanctuaries of the Lviv Archdiocese in Ukraine to complement the existing body of literature on the subject. It was determined that all sanctuaries within the Lviv Archdiocese possess diocesan status.

Unforgetting as a choreographic practice

Unforgetting as choreographic practice questions how artistic research can contribute to the remembering of dance histories and a re-contextualisation through performance. Opening the creation process of the performance Frå Form til Famling (2023), Holte shares experiences from the encounter with these dance historical archives, transforming a document into an artistic experience to create a space for a polyphonic remembering, an unforgetting that expands the initial narrative, and that creates a space for remembering several histories at once.

ART, SCIENCE, AND AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION: CROSSROADS FOR EMERGENCE

This article reflects on how in 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic re­strictions, Farout Artistic Research (FAR), in co-creation with composer Dr. Sergio Luque and astrophysicist Dr. Francisco Colomer, designed and created an immersive performance in which new music, astronomy and audience participation intertwine. The point for the creative process was: How can we trust our perception if we don’t know what we are looking at?; and through artistic research and transdisciplinary thinking, a second question arose: What perspectives and new insight emerge if we open up the performance and include the audience as an active and reflective knowledge entity? In this context, the authors explore the creative tendencies and the intricate design processes of emergence, focusing on the transdisciplinary nature of the performance, embedding the concept of emergence in an interactive symbiotic artistic/scientific performance. The article explains how this exploration is what allows for reflection, new insights, and creation of new knowledge, both from the creators’ and the audience participation’s perspectives.

Captured Birdscapes: Artistic Research, Research Art, and Living Cultural Heritage

This article centres on the Birdscapes exhibition held in 2022 at the Nature Museum in Lucerne, Switzerland. The exhibition’s primary objective was to convey the research processes and findings of a project that explored human-nature connections, with a particular emphasis on the auditory, sonic, and musical dimensions of people’s interactions with their physical environment. The paper underscores the potential for expanding similar initiatives beyond academic boundaries and highlights the importance of integrating sound installations and objects within museum spaces while also fostering critical reflections.

Odd New Spring: Towards Evolving Landscapes and a Reorientation in Design Practice (2024)

"Odd New Spring: Towards Evolving Landscapes and a Reorientation in Design Practice" is an artistic research PhD project that explores methods for designers to engage with local environments, interdisciplinary communities, and professional fields in new ways. The project repositions unwanted plants, specifically Invasive Alien Plant Species, as a foundation for knowledge creation and new local activities. This approach challenges the perception of these plants as strictly agonistic and reframes them in the context of sustainability, production, and resource management. Through the artistic practice, the plants are connected to stories from the past and visions for the future, encouraging reflection on current classifications and relations. The work culminated in the exhibition "Odd New Spring" at the University Museum in Bergen's Natural History Collections. Here, experimental artefacts, storytelling objects, interdisciplinary dialogues, and reflections point towards a new design position. The project envisions the designer as a bridge-builder across disciplines, fostering sustainable practices and coexistence within local landscapes. Supervised by Mette L'orange (architect MNAL and visual artist) and Tim Parry-Williams (Professor of Art: Textiles, KMD). Photo: Odd New Spring 2024, Siren Elise Wilhelmsen

Role of astrocytes and microglia in hepatic encephalopathy associated with advanced chronic liver disease: lessons from animal studies.

Hepatic encephalopathy, defined as neuropsychiatric dysfunction secondary to liver disease, is a frequent decompensating event in cirrhosis. Its clinical impact is highlighted by a notable increase in patient mortality rates and a concomitant reduction in overall quality of life. Systemically, liver disease, liver function failure, portosystemic shunting, and associated multi-organ dysfunction result in the increase of disease-causing neurotoxins in the circulation, which impairs cerebral homeostasis. Key circulating neurotoxins are ammonia and inflammatory mediators. In the brain, pathophysiology is less well understood, but is thought to be driven by glial cell dysfunction. Astrocytes are the only brain resident cells that have ammonia-metabolizing machinery and are therefore putatively most susceptible to ammonia elevation. Based on a large body of mostly in vitro evidence, ammonia-induced cellular and molecular disturbances include astrocyte swelling and oxidative stress. Microglia, the brain resident macrophages, have been linked to the translation of systemic inflammation to the brain microenvironment. Recent evidence from animal studies has provided novel insights into old and new downstream effects of astrocyte and microglial dysfunction such as toxin clearance disruption and myeloid cell attraction to the central nervous system parenchyma. Furthermore, state of the art research increasingly implicates neuronal dysfunction and possibly even irreversible neuronal cell death. Cell-type specific investigation in animal models highlights the need for critical revision of the contribution of astrocytes and microglia to well- established and novel cellular and molecular alterations in hepatic encephalopathy. In this review, we therefore give a current and comprehensive overview of causes, features, and consequences of astrocyte and microglial dysfunction in hepatic encephalopathy, including areas of interest for future investigation.

Breathing with Phytoplankton: Exploring Metabolic Connections with Oceanic Microbes

This paper presents an exploration of the interconnectedness between vital metabolic processes of human respiration and phytoplankton photosynthesis. By weaving together ecological sciences with cultural anthropology, eco-feminism, environmental humanities, and artistic practices the paper delves into the intricate metabolic interplay between phytoplankton and humans. Grounded in the notion of "breathing-with," it navigates through physiological, biological, and sensorial dimensions to elucidate the profound connections between respiration and photosynthesis as metabolic media, fostering alliances in multispecies encounters. Drawing inspiration from the biological laboratory and the microscopic realm of chlorophyll-bearing organisms, the transformative power of photosynthesis in shaping the planetary atmosphere and sustaining life is highlighted. While underscoring the pivotal role of phytoplankton in oxygen production and carbon dioxide sequestration, it elucidates the challenges and synergistic impacts of oceanic oxygen depletion driven by anthropogenic activities. Beyond a mere metabolic function, breath emerges as a metaphorical interface for collective action and co-conspiracy, transcending boundaries between human and non-human entities. As such it advocates for a deeper engagement with planetary ecologies and a reimagining of our relationality with the more-than-human world. Through artistic inquiry and experimental methods, the paper invites readers to reflect on the profound implications of our interconnectedness with phytoplankton, urging a renewed commitment to symbiotic coexistence. In this sense, the act of breathing goes beyond its metabolic function, extending as a form of collective agency in confronting the challenges of an ever-changing world.

Thirty-four Years after "Leda Christiana". Misery and Splendour of the First Century of Coptic Art History

The course of the research of Egyptian Late Antique art was influenced for more than seven decades in a most unfortunate manner by the erroneous intrepretation of the archaeological context of the foruth century AD mythological reliefs discovered in the 1890s by Édouard Naville at Heracleopolis Magna (modern Ahnas). The misinterpretation of the find circumstances led to the postulate of a Christianisation of pagan themes in Coptic art and of their employment in the decoration of Christian churches. The actual architectural and iconographic context of mythological reliefs from Ahnas and other Egyptian Late Antique sites was identified by Hjalmar Torp in a 1969 paper in which he suggested that the mythological reliefs, as well as the contemporary carvings with Christian themes, came from pagan and Christian funerary edifices. Torp also pointed out the impact of Roman funerary iconography on the decoration of third-fifth century Egyptian tomb chapels. The present study discusses the trends prevailing in the research of Egyptian Late Antique art before and after 1969 from the special point of view of Torp’s seminal work. Particular attention is paid to the interconnected issues of chronology, social-cultural context, and quality stratification. The analysis of individual groups of sculptures, paintings, and luxury textiles presents new data for the assessment of the international context of Egyptian art in the Late Antique and early Byzantine periods as well as for the investigation of the transfiguration of Egyptian culture in Late Antiquity.

Breaking Down Five Core Elements Of The Improvised Comping Of Philly Joe Jones

This article examines how jazz drummer Philly Joe Jones created and maintained musical energy from the perspective of groove and rhythmic horizontality by using an improvised rhythmic interactional comping texture.1 Through my research, I have found goosing, active accenting, riffing, form structuring, and intuitive call-and-response as core elements of Jones’s comping. My research methods include aural analysis of recordings, musical analysis of transcriptions, imitation by playing, and improvisation. All of these methods are inherent to the history of jazz and the core processes of practice-based artistic jazz research, guiding the researcher “in and through the art“ (Kahr 2022, 9). My research material consists of transcriptions of Philly Joe Jones’s melody and solo comping from recordings made between 1957–60, a three-year period, which I hold as a peak of Jones’s career. I will first focus on Jones’s sound and fundamental textural elements, showing how Jones interprets the melodies in the jazz standard Surrey With The Fringe On Top and Wayne Shorter's composition Mama G (Nellie Blye). I will continue analyzing Jones’s solo comping textures, adding transcriptions of Jones’s comping in Kenny Dorham’s composition Karioka. In all these recordings, Jones’s comping creates a multi-layered grooving texture, following the harmonic form of the composition while synchronizing rhythmically around the melody. 1 Comping, according to Garrett Michaelsen (2013: 117–120), is derived from accompanying and complementing. He also claims accompanying is the act of supporting the soloist. Kahr, Michael (toim.) (2022) Artistic research in jazz : Positions, Theories, Methods. Routledge, New York. Michaelsen, Garrett (2013) Analysing Musical Interaction in Jazz Improvisations of the 1960s. PhD diss., Jacobs School of Music, Indiana University. Article cover photo: Philly Joe Jones (left) and Jaakko Lukkarinen (right) seated behind their drum sets.

KF als gemeinsame Wissensproduktion – Diskussion Runde 2

Jonas Kellermeyer responds in Round 2 to the various critiques of the Artistic Research working group, see Round 1. Subsequently, Till Bödeker/Peter Tepe reply to Kellermeyer’s response.

Intersecția coregrafiei cu tehnologia

Throughout the ages, pioneers of art, guided inwardly by the need for knowledge and development, have pushed the boundaries of possibility and imagination towards evolution. The field of choreography is no stranger to artists who have dedicated their entire activity to discovering new ways of creating choreography and performance in a spectacular manner. The new forms of performance that emerged mainly at the beginning of the 20th century and up to the present day have meet digital art. Artists from all over the world conceive new experimental contexts in a transcendental space. In this research I aim to highlight the early moment of the intersection between dance and technology, the influence of artificial intelligence on choreographic performances and what the benefits might be, without altering human existence. We are currently witnessing a technological evolution in the arts, of which choreographic artists are aware, exploring the corporeal dimension by introducing technology into choreographic creations. It is fascinating to see the way the artists manage to build their choreography through the dancer's body, but also through algorithms generated by artificial intelligence. Although AI was originally introduced into choreography to streamline dance notation, it is now used to create innovative choreography. By analysing the material available in the field, it becomes obvious that one of the benefits of AI is that it archives and preserves all the artist's research. As an emerging technology, however, I believe it is important not to highlight technology at the expense of the human.

Interference Mitigation in B5G Network Architecture for MIMO and CDMA: State of the Art, Issues, and Future Research Directions

The emergence of Beyond 5G (B5G) networks introduces novel challenges related to interference management, particularly within the context of Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output (MIMO) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) technologies. In this comprehensive review paper, we delve into the intricacies of interference mitigation techniques within the B5G framework, with a specific focus on MIMO and CDMA systems. Firstly, we provide a brief overview of MIMO and CDMA principles, emphasizing their significance in B5G networks. MIMO leverages spatial diversity by employing multiple antennas in both the transmitter and the receiver, thereby enhancing capacity and reliability. CDMA, on the other hand, enables multiple users to share the same frequency band by assigning unique codes to each user. Next, we categorize the various types of interference encountered in MIMO and CDMA systems. These include co-channel interference, adjacent-channel interference, and multiuser interference. Understanding these interference sources is crucial for designing effective mitigation strategies. Our exploration of interference mitigation techniques covers state-of-the-art approaches tailored for MIMO and CDMA scenarios. Lastly, we discuss future research directions in interference mitigation for B5G networks. This review paper provides valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and network designers seeking to enhance the robustness and efficiency of B5G communication systems by effectively mitigating interference in MIMO and CDMA contexts.

The Portrait of Elisabeth Braderic by Pieter Cristus: A Holistic Multidisciplinary Study

ABSTRACT The Adornes Domein, a preserved medieval family estate in Bruges, houses the Portrait of Elisabeth Braderic, which underwent an extensive multidisciplinary investigation in 2024. This portrait of a prominent patrician woman from fifteenth-century Bruges has long intrigued art historians, sparking numerous hypotheses. Due to its extended absence from public view, questions arose regarding its authenticity, casting doubt on whether it was an original portrait or a copy after a lost original. Recently rediscovered, the portrait was subjected to several technical analyses, including MA-XRF, macrophotography, and infrared reflectography by the International Platform for Art Research and Conservation (IPARC), as well as Raman spectroscopy conducted by the Raman Spectroscopy Research Group at Ghent University. These were complemented by a comprehensive art-historical analysis. This article presents the findings from these diverse yet complementary analyses, unveiling a traditional palette of fifteenth-century pigments, a detailed portrayal of 1450s fashion, and the newly detected presence of a pentimento. The main conclusions of the study affirm that, despite some restorations and pigment discolouration, the portrait has remained relatively intact and was most likely painted around 1450 by Pieter Cristus. This hypothesis, previously suggested in earlier studies, has now gained compelling corroboration.

Project on Photography

Ema Lančaričová is a visual artist who mainly works with analog and instant photography. Her artistic research focuses on exploring the essence of photography by utilizing primary variables such as time, light, and space as well as their negations. Her approach is both philosophical and experimental simultaneously, as she examines the nature of photography and its relationship to the world. She considers workshops an exciting way of sharing these approaches with people, including historical photographic techniques and new ways of working with instant photography. Workshops are the perfect place for starting a discussion of understanding what photography means to people and changing one’s relationship to creating and archiving photographs. She views these workshops as an adventure rather than a traditional approach to achieving a perfect outcome, due to the imperfections of the used materials. For example, precision is not possible when using Polaroid, and the resulting pictures have specific colours and different flaws. Additionally, unexpected things can happen while taking photos, and Ema takes advantage of these specifics in her artworks. Her crucial project began to emerge in 2019 with the theme Utopia, and after that came a project called Ramble, both of which are ongoing. In 2020, she received a scholarship for working on the Aperture project, which was exhibited in Gandy Gallery, Bratislava. Projects such as Aperture and Utopia are fundamentally based on the repetition of a selected motive and show utopian tendencies and the search for other worlds, an oscillation between the tangible and intangible, between temporality, transience, and the possibility of archiving, concerning originality. In her theoretical works, Ema examines the changes in the photographic medium nowadays. As art and technology continue to evolve, she researches the impact of modern technologies such as artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and computational photography on the art form. Her reflections on these changes help her to expose them to mutual influence and integrate them into her artistic work. She recently obtained her doctoral degree from the Academy of Fine Arts in Bratislava and continues to develop an understanding of what photography is.