Artabotrys Odoratissimus Research Articles

Effects of Ants on the Fruit Setting of <i>Artabotrys Odoratissimus</i> R. Br.

Floral volatile compounds exhibit multiple functions such as attracting pollinators, source of food for pollinator and act as defense against herbivore. Thus floral scents may function as allomones to prevent enemies as well as being synomones to attract pollinating mutualist. Flowers are morphological and embryological marvels and the sites of sexual reproduction. The yellow coloured flowers of Artabotrys odoratissimus R. Br. are very fragrant. The floral volatile of this plant attracts weaver ants. It plays a crucial role in plant- ant interaction. The present study aims to explore the effect of ants on the reproductive success of A. odoratissimus. Ants are detrimental to A. odoratissimus and disturb the pollinator visits which resulted in reduced fruit set. The nest constructed leaves experience premature death, thus weaver ants show antagonistic effect in the selected species.

Artabotrys odoratissimus Bark Extract Restores Ethanol Induced Redox Imbalance and Toxicity in Hepatocytes and In Vivo Model.

Alcohol-induced oxidative stress is a key player in the development of liver diseases, and herbal alternatives are important means of ameliorating the hepatotoxic effects. The study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective potentiality of Artabotrys odoratissimus, an important medicinal shrub from the family Annonaceae. The phenolic compounds from bark ethanol extract (BEE) were detected using RP-HPLC. The in vitro hepatoprotective activity against ethanol-induced damage was studied in HepG2 cells with cell viability assays, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, double staining assay and western blotting. The in vivo mice model was used to evaluate the alcohol-induced stress with liver function enzymes, lipid profile and histopathology. All the thirteen phenolic compounds detected with HPLC were docked onto protein targets such as aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NO). The RP-HPLC detected the presence of various phenolics including rutin, chlorogenic acid and catechin, amongst others. Co-administration of BEE with ethanol alleviated cell death, ROS and MMP in HepG2 cells compared to the negative control. The extract also modulated the MAP kinase/caspase-3 pathway, thereby showing protective effects in HepG2 cells. Also, pre-treatment for 14days with the extract in the mice model before a single toxic dose (5g/kg body weight) reduced the liver injury by bringing the levels of liver function enzymes, lipid profile and bilirubin to near normal. In silico analysis revealed that rutin showed the best binding affinity with all the target proteins in the study. These results provide evidence that BEE possesses significant hepatoprotective effects against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in hepatic cells and in vivo models, which is further validated with in silico analysis.

Antiproliferative Effects of Artabotrys odoratissimus Fruit Extract and its Bioactive Fraction through Upregulation of p53/γH2AX Signals and G2/M Phase Arrest in MIA PaCa-2 Cells.

Artabotrys odoratissimus (Annonaceae) is a medicinal and ornamental plant widely cultivated in Southeast Asia for its famous ylang ylang essential oil. The fruits of this plant are used for health benefits, but very little is studied about the bioactive principles, their role in regulating oxidative stress and tumour progression. The study aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of fruit extract of Artabotrys odoratissimus and its bioactive fraction using cell-based assays. The free radical scavenging and antiproliferative effects of Artabotrys odoratissimus fruit ethyl acetate (FEA) extract and its bioactive fraction were evaluated using cell viability assays, colony formation assay, double staining assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, comet assay, cell cycle analysis, and western blotting. The extract showed phenolic content of 149.8±0.11μg/mg Gallic acid equivalents and flavonoid content of 214.47±4.18 μg/mg Quercetin. FEA showed an IC50 value of 76.35 μg/ml in the ABTS assay and an IC50 value of 134.3±7.8 μg/ml on MIA PaCa-2 cells. The cells treated with 125 μg/ml and 250 μg/ml FEA showed increased apoptotic cells in Double staining assay, DNA damage during comet assay, enhanced ROS, and cell cycle arrest at G2M phase at 125 μg/ml and 250 μg/ml. The active fraction AF5 showed an IC50 value of 67±1.26 μg/ml on MIA PaCa-2 cells during MTT assay, displayed potential antiproliferative effects, and showed a marked increase in the expression of γH2AX and p53. These results prove that the fruit extract and the bioactive fraction demonstrate oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage, leading to apoptosis in the MIA PaCa-2 cell line.

Effect of Artabotrys odoratissimus extract as an environmentally sustainable inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 media

Artabotrys odoratissimus inhibitory effect on mild steel (MS) corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution has been assessed utilizing mass loss, electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization, and impedance spectroscopy techniques. The Artabotrys odoratissimus plant has a wide range of bioactive compounds. Phytochemicals were tested for ethanolic Artabotrys odoratissimus leaves extract (AOLE) using the FeCl3 test, Salkowaski's test, and others. Corrosion tests were conducted at varying inhibitor concentrations and temperatures. The inhibitory impact of AOLE on corrosion of MS was reported to improve with increasing concentration. Polarization experiments revealed that AOLE is a mixed kind of inhibitor and the inhibition efficacy (ηw) for MS is 93.27% for 1.25 g/L AOLE. For Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), maximal inhibitory efficacy (ηw) was 91.62% due to AOLE adsorption on the MS surface. The obtained results using each methodology are highly consistent and closely resemble each other. The adsorption of AOLE molecules on an MS surface from the bulk of the solution causes the inhibitor's inhibition action, and the adsorption mechanism follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The computed ΔGadso values ranged between −32.919 and −33.520 kJ mol−1, implying a spontaneous and exothermic inhibitory action. The thermodynamic and activation parameters are often used to understand corrosion inhibition mechanisms. The comparison of corrosion product and pure extract FT-IR spectrum indicates the nature of AOLE adsorption on the MS surface. The surface morphology of MS samples was assessed using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and contact angle techniques.

ChemInform Abstract: Identification of Novel Aliphatic Compounds from Artabotrys odoratissimus (Leaves).

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Efficacy of Artabotrys odoratissimus oil as a plant based antimicrobial against storage fungi and aflatoxin B1 secretion

SummaryThe essential oil of Artabotrys odoratissimus R.Br. was evaluated for antifungal activity against some storage fungi causing contamination of food stuffs. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the oil was found to be 750 μL L−1 against Aspergillus flavus Link. It was found superior over different prevalent synthetic fungicides which inhibited the growth of A. flavus between 1000–5000 μL L−1. The oil exhibited broad fungitoxic spectrum against fourteen different storage fungi. Aspergillus fumigatus was inhibited at 1000 μL L−1 whereas Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum, Helminthosporium oryzae, Macrophomina phaseolina, Microsporum gypseum, Mucor racemosus, Penicillium italicum, Pythium debaryanum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii and Trichoderma viride at 500 μL L−1. Aspergillus niger was found to be inhibited only 84.9% at 1000 μL L−1. In addition, the oil showed significant efficacy in arresting aflatoxin B1 secretion by the toxigenic strain (Navjot 4NSt) of A. flavus at 750 μL L−1. The efficacy of A. odoratissimus oil as aflatoxin suppressor is being reported for the first time.

The First Synthesis of Pentadecyl 6-Hydroxydodecanoate a Novel Compound Isolated from the Leaves ofArtabotrys odoratissimus

The pentadecyl 6-hydroxydodecanoate 8, a new hydroxy ester isolated from leaves of Artabotrys odoratissima has been synthesized, for the first time, from α-nitrocyclohexanone 1, via (i) nucleophilic ring cleavage performed with 1-pentadecanol 2, (ii) nitroaldol reaction of the formed ω-nitro ester 3 with hexanal 4, (iii) dehydratation of the obtained nitroalkanol 5 to the conjugate nitroolefin 6, (iv) direct Nef conversion of the nitroalkene 6 to the keto ester 7, and (v) sodium borohydride reduction of the carbonyl functionality in order to convert the keto ester 7 into the target hydroxy ester 8.

Research on plants for fertility regulation in India

This present review of Indian plants investigated for fertility regulation includes published literature of the country and unpublished data of the Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), located in Lucknow, India. Publications without supportive experimental data have not been included. It is evident from the data presented in the tables that most of the investigators have failed to include the valuable information on the time and place of collection and proper botanical authentication, if conducted, in their publications. The plants evaluated at the Institute do contain this information and their herbaria sheets are available at CDRI. The plants, with part used, type of extract, isolated compound/chromatographic fraction, dose, route and schedule of administration with animal used, and percentage activity are given in tables. The plants are classified according to their activity profile and presented accordingly. Plants for which the hormonal profile or toxicity data have been reported are dealt with under each type of activity. Most of the investigators did not develop the active plants, probably because of inconsistent results in repeat tests or lack of facilities. Major attention has been devoted to identifying plants with interceptive properties. The schedules used are more or less uniform and acceptable. On the basis of preliminary toxicity data, extracts/compounds from "Aristolochia indica," "Artemisia scoparia," "Hibiscus rosa sinensis," "Laccardia lacca," and "Plumbago zeylanica" exclude themselves from consideration for follow-up. Wherever done, the hormonal profiles revealed estrogenic activity in active extracts/fractions/compounds from "Artabotrys odoratissimus," "Datura quercifolia," "Daucus carota," "Embelia ribes," "Hibiscus rosa sinensis," "Pueraria tuberosa" and "Tabernaemontana heyneana." Thus they are not ideal for follow-up. Some more plants can be excluded initially because of low activity or equivocal reports on activity. The remaining plants, in order of priority, for follow-up should be "Ensete superbum," "Achyranthes aspera," "Lygodium flexosum," "Sapindus trifoliatus," "Polygonum hydropiper," and "Abrus precatorius." The next priority could be given to plants with weak estrogenicity. The CDRI has observed 100% anti-implantation activity by 4 plants in hamsters. These should be the potential plants for development since they appear to interfere with progesterone synthesis or utilization.

Developmental anatomy of Ranales. III apical organisation and dormancy in roots

Root apical organisation inAnnona squamosa, Artabotrys odoratissimus,Polyalthia longifolia, Nigella sativa, Ranunculus sceleratus, Clematis triloba andMichelia champaca falls into two types: Type I—Annona,Artabotrys, Polyalthia,Michelia andNigella, show a common group of initials around which the derivatives differentiate into the root cap, epidermis, cortex and central cylinder. Type II—Ranunculus andClematis, show discrete initials for the plerome, periblem, dermocalyptrogen and columella. The arboreal species investigated show a common group of initials and the herbaceous ones (exceptNigella) discrete initials at the root apex. This may be of phylogenetic significance.