Art Items Research Articles

METHODS OF DESIGNING EMBROIDERED PRODUCTS IN THE PROCESS OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS

The article shows the popularity trend of folk art items as an expression of national and cultural heritage in modern society. It was established that the process of designing products of applied art contributes to the development of aesthetic perception, creative abilities, and artistic taste of students; attention is focused on the practicality of teaching schoolchildren to create decorative and useful products; the need for the technology teacher's readiness to implement this component in the process of training students has been proven; the use of educational material on design and production of embroidered decorative and applied arts in technology lessons was analyzed. The purpose of the article is to highlight the methodology of designing embroidered products in the process of design and technological activity of students in the lessons of labor training and technology. The article uses such research methods as the analysis of scientific publications, textbooks and manuals, methodical materials, programs, and normative materials regarding the issues of the methodology of teaching embroidery to students in the process of technological education. The article substantiates that teaching students to design and produce embroidered products can be an exciting and creative process that requires a certain methodology and includes all stages of students' design and technological activities in technological education. The effectiveness of the design of embroidered products in institutions of general secondary education is determined by the consistency and thoroughness of processing each stage of design and technological activity. Success in teaching students how to design embroidered products depends on a comprehensive approach that combines an individual approach to each student, teacher support, and the creation of a stimulating learning environment.

Faience Art Item’s Stylistic Analysis in the Context of Its Complex Investigation (As Exemplified by a 19th Century Tureen)

Awareness of the importance of studying faience art industry of the 19th century reveals itself in the increasing researchers’ attention to this material. In this regard, a faience tureen with overglaze monochrome painting applied by transfer printing technique produced by the Creil factory (France) aroused interest. Stylistic analysis and the search for analogues allowed to confirm production place and time of the item, to assess its artistic merits, to identify the pictorial sources of its decoration, and to analyze features of transferring a two-dimensional image to a three-dimensional ceramic surface using the transfer printing technique. Revealing the sources of pictorial decoration on ceramic objects is recognized as a valuable result of art history research, since the question of relationship between pictorial motifs on ceramic art items and contemporary graphics is not elaborated enough both in Russian and foreign art history. For the same reason, investigation on the issues of adapting a two-dimensional original image to a curved shape, i. e. of coordinating the shape and decoration of a ceramic item, are also valuable: these aspects are also presented extremely scarcely in art historical studies. Stylistic analysis is not sufficient very often for attributing ceramic art objects; therefore, other research methods such as archival heuristics and expertise using natural science methods are often involved for this purpose. Both archival documents and production casts and molds of the Creil factory have been lost. The shape and size of the object are difficult for instrumental study. Under such conditions, stylistic analysis turns out to be the leading method for studying items of the kind. Realizing all the limitations of this method, we demonstrate its capabilities where the use of others is significantly difficult or impossible.

“Egyptian Statue”, Revealed in the South-Eastern Region of Azerbaijan, in the system of Ancient Cultural and Trade Relations

Ancient Egypt, being one of the developed centers of the East, had close ties with Western Asia and the South Caucasus, both from a political and commercial point of view. This country, which had not been conquered until the VII century BC, was in the forefront as a political and military power of the period. It was from this viewpoint that many countries sought to establish political union with it, as well as the trade relations. As a result of this relationship, various works of art related to Ancient Egypt also spread to the South Caucasus through the Western Asia. No doubt that Egyptian art items found in Egypt itself are more than samples from other countries where similar finds are common. The paper deals with the archaeological finding – an Egyptian figurine. This artifact, which is so far the only example, found in Azerbaijan, testifies to the existence of ties between the South Caucasus and Egypt. The discovery also contributes to the creation of certain ideas about the small plastic art of that period. It is possible that complex archaeological studies in the region will reveal new artifacts of such art

Funerary art and electroplating: history, present and future

Electroplating is the technique of producing an artifact by electroplating a metal onto a model. This manufacturing method can be applied to produce pieces with complex shapes and a wide variety of dimensions and, mainly in the 19th century, it was used to make funerary art items. This technique is also used to produce replicas of artistic items in order to safeguard them, but also to make them public through these replicas. Although electroplating is a widely used technique, galvanoplastic sculptures present a laborious restoration process due to the difficulty of electroplating only the regions of damaged deposits and the fragile core. In order to identify the main production characteristics and damage present, with a view to a possible restoration stage, the statuary from the Santa Casa de Misericórdia cemetery in Porto Alegre was studied. Samples were taken from the mould and the electrodeposited layer of statues in different states of conservation to be analyzed by metallography. It was possible to observe the structure of the electrodeposits, the width and quantity of layers deposited and the material used to make the model.

COLOR DESIGN OF JEWELRY AND ART PRODUCTS: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

The article is devoted to different ways of creating multi-colored jewelry and artistic articles, and the peculiarities of their design. It deals with the ways of creating multi-coloured compositional decisions of adornments, problems and difficulties, arising in the process of designing, manufacturing, exploitation and repairing of articles. It is shown that the attractiveness and durability of color design of jewelry and art items largely depends on the combination of various jewelry elements, lighting, surface treatment, used pre- cious and non-precious materials, technologies of their processing and decoration, color perception by dif- ferent groups of consumers and the changing fashion.

100 years of Mari fine art: national neo-romanticism (1960–1980s)

Introduction. This article continues a series of publications dedicated to the 100th year of the Mari fine arts. National neo-romanticism appeared at the late Soviet stage. It is important to clearly identify it and to determine itы place in the process under study. Materials and Methods. The research methods are based on the author’s cultural and archetypal approach. The items of art, archival documents, media publications, catalogs were provided by the museums of the Republic of Mari El. Results and Discussion. Culture of the late Soviet period, as a background of national neo-romanticism, is characterized by an anthropological change, a demand for sincerity and expression of individuality. Within its framework, unofficial art, various forms of artistic escapism arose. The ethnical theme brought the main artistic innovations into the ‘severe style’ of the Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic’s art. Visiting Russian artists, A. S. and B. S. Pushkovs, S. F. Podmarev, A. I. Butov, introduced the concept of “Mari El” into the artistic vocabulary of the Republic, created the iconographic type based on the traditional Birch and Woman archetypes, thereby contributed to the development of the new cultural archetype. National neo-romanticism emerged from the ‘severe style’ and simultaneously formed. Its essence is the poetization of the native culture. Z. F. Lavrentyev implemented it, first, through book graphics to be one of the determinants of ethnocultural reflection. A special role in the development of national neo-romanticism was played by young Mari artists N. V. Toktaulov, I. V. Efimov, I. M. Yamberdov. Conclusion. National neo-romanticism (1970–1980s) is a stage in the development of the Mari national fine arts originated within socialist realism (1940–1980s). But it goes beyond it due to the representations of the essential issues and approaching the archetypal principles of ethnoculture.

국립부산국악원 연구사업의 발전 방안 - 지역 전통예술의 조사･발굴을 중심으로 -

The Busan National Gugak Center should utilize its strengths as an institution to establish and implement long-term plans for research projects. This paper discusses the Busan National Gugak Center's development plans for research projects of related to the research and discovery of local traditional arts, emphasizing three aspects of 'examination in connection with existing research projects', 'expansion of the target area and period', and 'application of the perspectives of dissemination and assimilation'.
 First, it is necessary to link with existing research projects. As a research conducted by an institution, it will not only help maintain a certain direction, but will create comprehensive and large-scale research results by organically linking individual works of researching and discovering local traditional arts. As an example, this paper proposes a study that can be linked to the contents of the 'Yeongnam Dance Terminology Manual,' the data included in the results of the project based on the oral records of individual artists.
 Second, the expansion of the target area and period implies to break down the existing regional boundaries which relied on artists, intangible cultural heritages, and recording materials based in Busan and Yeongnam. If the target area to examine is expanded to the whole country and overseas for new data that has not been collected before, it can overcome the limitation that research projects have mainly focused on the late 20th century.
 Third, this study proposes to investigate the cultural identity of Busan and Yeongnam regions through the application of the perspectives of dissemination and assimilation. When viewed from a vertical and horizontal perspective in the context of the development of art history, Korea's local traditional arts have a relationship with other art items in the same region or with similar art items in other regions in the process of forming and developing overlapping activities of each artist. In other words, 'traditional art of Busan' or 'traditional art of Yeongnam' can be said to have local characteristics in the process of dissemination and assimilation, and in order to discover this, it is necessary to apply the perspective of dissemination and assimilation.

Coloristic properties of decorative copper coatings applied by cold gas dynamic spraying

The results of the coloristic properties research of art items with copper coatings applied by cold gas-dynamic spraying (CGDS), as well as the color determination technique, allowing to improve the approach to the decoration and restoration of art items, are presented. This allows us to study the quantitative properties of the color of decorative surfaces, which largely determines the quality and aesthetic properties of coatings and their subsequent decorative treatment.

Investing in Superheroes? Comic Art as a New Alternative Investment

We build quarterly and semi-annual indexes for American and European comic art based on a dataset of more than 106,000 comic art items sold at auction. We find that this new alternative investment can outperform US and European equities and bonds. Between 2002 and 2017, annualized returns of US comic artworks outperformed most asset classes with a solid 11% annualized return, while European comic art achieved 25% yearly returns on average after 2009. We show that comic art delivers significant diversification benefits to an investment portfolio due to low correlations with other assets and geographical diversification between European and American markets. These outcomes contrast with fine art in general, which delivered few diversification benefits when compared to equities and bonds between 2002 and 2017, and whose geographical markets are closely tied.

The Importance of a Virtual Educational Museum in Culture and Sustainable Development. Students’ attitudes in High School.

The study examines the attitudes of students towards the course of the local Art and the Culture and the creation of a virtual Educational Museum. Central axis was a team project of the High school in Ialyssos, Rhodes which combined the course of local history and culture by collecting local Art items from private collections, digitizing them and creating a virtual training Folklore Museum on the school website. After the completion of the project, 100 students participated in the survey and answered a questionnaire concerning the teaching intervention. The analysis showed that most of the students learned how to create a virtual Museum and more about Folk Art, Culture Heritage and its meaning and realized how important this is for the sustainable development of their place. The goal of this study is to present the results of the multidimensional Analysis of the questionnaire which shows the differentiation criteria of the students. The results showed that the majority of the students are positive towards using the virtual Educational Museum and believe that their dealing with Folk Art and Culture should be implemented in High schools’ education.

Utilitarian art and art-related objects in the Urals’ Palaeolithic

Stone and bone artefacts serving as expedient food-procurement and processing implements are the principal and most frequent findings at Palaeolithic sites. Utilitarian art items, often aesthetically fashioned artefacts, are much less common. Emergence of cognitive art within the broader Ural region was determined by progressive cultural developments and adaptations of anatomically modern human beings to mosaic mountain settings and parkland-steppes. At the Urals’ Late Pleistocene cave sites, objects, which were made frequently of unusual and rare materials and are presumed to be of a ritual nature, are represented by adornments and artworks bearing stylized pictorial images. Zoomorphic figurines produced from flint and mammoth ivory document the high skills of Stone Age artisans. The earliest, utilitarian, art-related works of the Urals include sculptures using natural pre-forms such as river pebbles and animal bones, occasionally ochre-painted or ornamented by incising or engraving. Personal decorations are represented by pendants and beads made of stone, shell, bone, and teeth of animals. Rare exemplars are made from material of non-local provenance, such as petrified wood or segments of fossil sea-lily (crinoids) and are indicators of a broad geographic activity-range and/or regional interactions among local groups of hunter-gatherers. Artisanal instruments associated with rock art, for example, lamps made from stone and clay as well as pieces of ochre, belong to a specific category. Aesthetic-looking minerals with appealing colours and textures, such as serpentine, rock crystal, chalcedony, and jasper, it may be assumed, were intended for religious or cultic purposes, but also may have been curated simply because of their natural rarity. These art-related items likely had symbolic value and spiritual meaning apart from purely decorative function. Understanding utilitarian art objects offers insights to every-day life of the Palaeolithic people of the Urals, and their behavioural and environmental adjustments, which culminated in multifarious, iconographic expressions at the end of the Last Glacial stage.

Features of the Hellenistic culture of ancient Sudan

The article examines the main features and specificity of the formation of the Hellenistic culture in ancient Sudan. To assess the nature of the Hellenistic influence on the culture of Meroe, the author analyzes the characteristic features of the region's architecture, reliefs of temple complexes, painting and decoration of walls, items of minor art, jewelry, which had been obtained during archaeological excavations. The author explores the ways of penetration of Greek culture directly and through Egypt, as a result of which the Hellenistic culture of Meroe becomes the result of the syncretisation of Hellenistic Egypt and local forms. The borrowing had a specific nature, most of the Hellenistic elements were re-interpreted, transplanted into the Meroe and adapted to the local culture. The processes of transformation of images created through the syncretization of Egyptian Hellenistic images with local culture gave rise to a special form of Sudanese Hellenism, in which the Meroitic reading is traced in the concept, form and style. Such processes of combining local features with images that came from Egypt were typical for the entire history of contacts between these two Nile civilizations, the nature of the interaction as a whole was subjected to uniform laws, giving rise to a unique form of Hellenism in Meroe.

PEMANFAATAN DAN PENINGKATAN NILAI EKONOMIS LIMBAH PARALON DI DUKUH TEMPEL, CATUR TUNGGAL, DEPOK, SLEMAN

Many people confront the problem of handling inorganic waste, this is also confronted by the people of Catur Tunggal Village, Depok District, part of Sleman Regency, D.I Province. Yogyakarta. Catur Tunggal Village is known as a village with a leading sector with several well-known campuses as the best educational places in Indonesia such as UGM, UNY, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta and others. In addition, there are also many hotels and large malls. This encourages the construction of boarding houses, the construction of hotels, malls, restaurants and the rapidly growing tourism sector. The rapid development has an impact on the environment, one of the impacts that arise is the problem of dealing with construction waste such as paralon waste, wood waste, cement wrapping paper and others. Currently, the waste generated from the construction sector has not been utilized optimally.If paralon waste is managed and utilized properly and processed by skilled hands, it can turn out to be interesting goods and have a high selling value. Opposite, it can also be an exotic work of art. It is enough with simple equipment and cheap additional materials to produce art items such as decorative lamps, bed lamps, wall decorations, sculptures, and so on, so that it is hoped that they can overcome the problem of inorganic waste, increase people's income and reduce unemployment.

The Eleventh-Twelfth Century Silver Medallion from Nizhnii Arkhyz

This article analyses one of the few items of fine Christian plastic art originating from the territory of Alania. This round medallion with side loops and two-side image of saints was found in 1986 in Nizhnii Arkhyz, the capital of the Alan bishopric, in the area of the Northern Zelenchuk Church, in one of the four burials in cists. Currently, the medallion resides in the State Karachay-­Cherkessia Historical, Cultural, and Natural Museum Preserve (Cherkessk). The article supplies the description of the medallion and suggests that the images on its sides belong to SS Theodore Stratelates and Theodore Teron. This assumption seems preferable especially if one assumes that the person who ordered this medallion was called Theodore. This medallion was secondary used as pectoral pendant; it is more likely that initially it formed a part of wrist bracelet. Presumably, the medallion in the bracelet was made in a provincial city of the Byzantine Empire, whence it was delivered to Alania. Since direct parallels to the medallion in question are absent, only its large dating is possible as the eleventh or twelfth century.

ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ПРОЦЕСИ У ВИГОТОВЛЕННІ ХУДОЖНІХ ВИРОБІВ З МЕТАЛУ: ІСТОРИЧНИЙ КОНТЕКСТ ТА ШЛЯХИ ВІДРОДЖЕННЯ

The aim of the work is to clarify the peculiarities of the development of Ukrainian art metal products in a historical context and to determine the ways of reviving artistic metalworking in the XXI century. Methodology. The research is based on culturological, historical and art history methods of analysis; applied historical-analytical, cultural-historical and the method of figurative-stylistic analysis of the means of artistic and decorative expressiveness of products. Results. The article examines the main stages in the development of technological processes in the execution of artistic metal products. The main techniques of artistic metal processing are analyzed: "lost wax", filigree, engraving, casting, forging, diffusion, electroplating, etc. The influence of external and internal factors in the development of artistic metal processing in Ukraine is studied. Identified the existing problems in the manufacture of art items from metal. Scientific novelty. The facts of the development of technologies for artistic metal processing in Ukraine are revealed and the ways of reviving the production of metal products as a type of decorative and applied art are determined. Practical significance. In the art of artistic metal processing, we highlight the issues of the revival and preservation of the industry in modern Ukraine through the study of technologies, traditions, the search for new forms, methods and techniques of working with materials.

IMAGE OF BIRDS IN KHOREZM ART CRAFTS (BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIALS)

The article is devoted to the research of archeological findings of art of khorezm people in ancient and middle-aged period of time the image of birds in the examples of art items. That time in the mythological ideas of khorezm folk art the image of birds was mighty and superficial symbol.

Kashmiri Crafts - A Fascination for Tourists

Kashmir has different brightening prestigious expressions and specialities which have been famous for quite a long time for their fine work and magnificence. To be sure, Kashmiri speciality items are unbelievable. Artwork is the primary wellspring of pay for the Kashmiris. Speciality work or essentially make is a kind of embellished work hand made utilizing just basic apparatuses. Things made by large-scale manufacturing or using machines are not handiwork items. The Kashmiri specialists are consistently alive to the beautiful encompassing. It communicates a reaction to the excellence around the formation of an enormous assortment of pursuing or decorating flower themes interlaced into multifaceted examples. The art items are promoted in Asia as well as in European countries. This article is to portray the significance of Kashmiri craftsmanship and artworks from hundreds of years. It additionally portrays how Kashmiris are imaginatively and customarily associated with their conventional artwork. The center on the traditional heritage is built on neighborhood uniqueness on the one hand and social tourism on the other. Kashmir could be a visitor range and can win significant income from yearly visits, although the majority of tourists head for the greatly attractive coast during the summer and winter. In Kashmir, with its freezing winter when atmospheric conditions are semi-arctic, the artisans use their time at home as inventive knowledge in making art crafts of stunning excellence. Regal support empowered these painstaking works from early occasions till these items, light in weight and wealthy in workmanship, found attraction and magnetism for tourists, locals, and abroad.

An Architecture for Reliable Transportation of Delicate Goods.

Adequate conditions are critical to avoiding damage or degradation of products during transportation, especially in the case of delicate goods like food products, live animals, precision machinery or art items, among others. The damages are not always readily identified: sometimes they are only detected several days or weeks after the merchandise has been delivered. Moreover, it may be hard to assess if the problems resulted from the transport conditions, and it may be even harder to prove it, making it difficult to determine and assign responsibilities. Also, transport is a global business, typically involving different companies and means (truck, train, plane, ship, …). Usually, customers hire the service to a single commercial entity, but the service is performed by several companies, like transporters, stockists and dispatchers. To know whether the transport requirements are fulfilled or not is thus essential to assessing responsibilities and encouraging compliance by all the players in the process. In this paper, the authors propose an architecture that allows certifying, in an exempt manner, the conditions under which the transport of sensitive goods are carried out. In case of compliance, it protects the entities of the transport chain and ensures the customer that the merchandise has not been subject to conditions that may have affected its integrity or quality. If problems are detected, it allows to identify the non-compliant players and to assign responsibilities. The solution is based on ultra-low-power, low-cost devices (equipped with several sensors, a real-time clock, and Bluetooth Low Energy services), a mobile application and several cloud services (including a Coordinated Universal Time service).

ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ МУЗЫКАЛЬНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ КЕМЕРОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ (20–40-е ГОДЫ ХХ ВЕКА)

Describes a stage of formation and development of music in the Kemerovo region's infrastructure as a young industrial region of Russia. Due to interaction between socio-cultural and socio-economic aspects of development of the region, the musical life of the Kemerovo region was prepared in the pre-industrial period (until 1920), featuring the development of music performance within folk, Church, amateur music-making and unable to exit professional level due to lack of expertise in the region. After the October revolution in the conditions of intensive formation of the industrial structure in young cities region and the initial installation on massification of amateur (amateur) creativity, gradually formed the basis for the establishment of a fully fledged musical infrastructure. This phase was marked by the emergence and intensive development of musical performance mainly in the form of amateur music: choral and instrumental groups in constructed folk houses and clubs, performing cultural and educational functions among the working population. Parallel to the process of formation of the educational basis of musical infrastructure: opening of children's music schools, music schools, offices, children's creativity centres at clubs and houses of culture industry enterprises. During the great patriotic war, resulting in the evacuation and the arrival in the region of creative collectives and professional musicians going on formation of academic performance. Creating a pop concert Bureau (1943), subsequently converted in Kemerovo Oblast Philharmonic, translation of theatre of musical comedy (1945 g.) led to revitalize and strengthen the processes of professional music art items in Kemerovo oblast. With the opening of vocational educational institution-Kemerovo musical College (1944)-lay the Foundation for training new personnel in the sphere of musical culture of the region. With the advent of the professional segment in the cultural traditions of stabilization activities are envisaged with the totality of the prevailing musical infrastructure functioning in the context of the musical life of the region. Consequently, the period under review is an important link in the panorama of music art development in the industrial region, and determines subsequent lush flowering in 1970–1990.

An Elk Figurine from Tourist-2, Novosibirsk: Technological and Stylistic Features

Most figurines from the Bronze Age cemetery Tourist-2 in Novosibirsk are anthropomorphic, and follow one and the same iconographic style, termed “Krokhalevka”. Two fragments, however, refer to a zoomorphic image—that of an elk. As they cannot be refitted, a special analysis was carried out. Computer-aided measurements and statistical comparisons suggest that they belong to a single specimen. This is important for further study, the search for parallels, and interpretation. Stylistic comparison with other items of portable art from Tourist-2 is difficult, since these are anthropomorphic. Nonetheless, the analysis suggests that the elk figurine is a perfect match with the homogeneous and stable technological complex revealed by other specimens. In terms of technology and style, the elk fi gurine parallels those of the Late Angara figurative tradition. Because the Tourist-2 burial had not been dated, a preliminary AMS-date of 4601 ± 61 BP (3511 3127 cal BC) was generated. Given this date and the archaeological context of the elkfigurine, it can provide a reference point for the cultural and chronological attribution of other stylistically and technically similar images.