Art In Nigeria Research Articles

UNTYING THE THREAD OF INNOVATION: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS FOR NIGERIA’S TEXTILE ARTS

Nigeria’s textile arts scene is a vibrant tapestry of creativity, rich cultural heritage, and untapped potential. Textile arts is one of the solutions to the development of any nation. Despite its significance, the production faces numerous challenges that hinder innovation and growth. This article explores the obstacles and opportunities for innovation in textile arts in Nigeria, examining the current state, challenges, and prospects for future development. The study adopts multiple methods of research design such as literature review, case studies, expert interviews and discussions, observational studies to gather enough data with content analysis, and qualitative methods to analyze the data. Some challenges include lack of modernization and technology, brain drain and skills gap, lack of adequate raw materials, etc. In contrast, the ideas for innovation include, the revitalization of Adire and batik training programs and workshops, digital printing and design, etc. This will eventually lead to innovation for the nation’s building helping the graduates to be self-employed and also employers of labour. Findings reveal that there are still opportunities for improvement in the sector if the right strategies are implemented. KEYWORDS: innovation, challenges, textile arts, prospects, textile industry.

Assessing the Knowledge and Perception of Artificial Intelligence for Teaching and Research among Lecturers in the Faculties of Arts in Nigeria

This study assesses the knowledge of artificial intelligence (AI) for teaching and research among lecturers in the faculties of arts in Nigeria. Despite the growing recognition of AI's potential to enhance educational practices, there are significant gaps in educators' AI literacy. The research adopts a quantitative approach, surveying lecturers across Nigerian universities to gauge their awareness, engagement, and perceptions of AI integration. Results reveal a moderate level of AI awareness among respondents, with a notable interest in further training tailored to arts disciplines. Challenges such as technical barriers and limited resources hinder seamless AI integration, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and support mechanisms. Recommendations include enhanced training programs, infrastructure improvement, and ethical guidelines to facilitate responsible AI utilization in arts education. Addressing these challenges and fostering AI literacy among educators can create an enabling environment for leveraging AI to enhance teaching and research outcomes in Nigerian arts faculties.

RECYCLED METAL WASTES: A PEEP INTO THE WORKS OF SEGUN OKEWUNMI

Wastes are everywhere in the world and they exist in different forms. They are discarded objects waiting to get a new life or further degraded. Improper disposal of these wastes causes flooding, environmental pollution and catastrophe because most of them end up in the environment and ocean life. The environment, man, animal and plants suffers from this menace and one of the major pollutant in this discuss is metal. The world is polluted with metal wastes caused by humans. Metal pollution and health is one of the most issues, which has not been given adequate attention to by both the government and the public. When these metal wastes materials are not re-used or recycled, they create a major threat to the eco-system. The history of contemporary or modern art in Nigeria, has connection with the western world especially in the use of foreign materials which are found objects such as metal, fibers, plastics, paper, glass etc. to replace Nigerians media such as calabashes, earth colours, gourds and so on. Artists throughout history have given much preliminary thought to content and devoted a great deal of time to studying methods by which their new ideas can communicate powerfully. This paper aims to address environmental metal wastes pollution in the environment and to document selected works of a unique sculptor, Segun Okewumi, a young, contemporary, Nigerian metal sculptor by examining his works, materials and his ideology. The paper relied on oral interviews with the artist, documented observation of his works, review of published books, journals, articles, published & unpublished thesis, newspaper and essays on the subject matter as well aesthetic artistic analysis.

Cryopreservation of human embryos in an in-vitro fertilisation procedure: the need for a legal framework in NIGERIA

Background: The opportunity to completely ‘stop biological time’ using cryopreservation, as it is used in embryo cryopreservation, provides for the selection and long-term storage of high-quality preimplantation embryos for future usage. While this is a beneficial medical procedure, it has however posed some legal issues such as the legal status of an embryo, ownership of the embryo, reproductive autonomy, posthumous reproduction, surrogacy, and the required storage period for embryos. The ethical debate has been around what to do with surplus frozen human embryos, such as donation, adoption, and destruction of embryos. The aim of this research is to assess the need for a legal framework regarding cryopreservation of human embryos. Methods: The objectives are to examine and analyze the legal and ethical implications of the cryopreservation process of human embryos in an in-vitro fertilization procedure to identify the shortcomings of the 2016 Assisted Reproductive Technology Bill. This is legal research and adopts the doctrinal method of research, using both the primary and secondary sources of information. The primary sources include legislation, international instruments and case laws; the secondary sources include textbooks and journal articles. The doctrinal approach was employed to describe and analyse the legal and ethical issues relating to cryopreservation in Nigeria, focused on the analysis of legal principles available in Nigeria in relation to cryopreservation of human embryos. Results: This study finds that there are no laws on assisted reproductive technology regulating the cryopreservation of human embryos in an in-vitro fertilisation procedure in Nigeria. The study concludes that the lack of a legal framework on assisted reproductive technology in Nigeria is the major issue that has left the legal and ethical issues without direction. Conclusions: This work recommends the need for a legal framework for ART in Nigeria and a review of the Assisted Reproductive Technology Bill 2016.

Predicting Treatment Interruption Among People Living With HIV in Nigeria: Machine Learning Approach

Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV from a fatal illness to a chronic disease. Given the high rate of treatment interruptions, HIV programs use a range of approaches to support individuals in adhering to ART and in re-engaging those who interrupt treatment. These interventions can often be time-consuming and costly, and thus providing for all may not be sustainable. Objective This study aims to describe our experiences developing a machine learning (ML) model to predict interruption in treatment (IIT) at 30 days among people living with HIV newly enrolled on ART in Nigeria and our integration of the model into the routine information system. In addition, we collected health workers’ perceptions and use of the model’s outputs for case management. Methods Routine program data collected from January 2005 through February 2021 was used to train and test an ML model (boosting tree and Extreme Gradient Boosting) to predict future IIT. Data were randomly sampled using an 80/20 split into training and test data sets, respectively. Model performance was estimated using sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. Variables considered to be highly associated with treatment interruption were preselected by a group of HIV prevention researchers, program experts, and biostatisticians for inclusion in the model. Individuals were defined as having IIT if they were provided a 30-day supply of antiretrovirals but did not return for a refill within 28 days of their scheduled follow-up visit date. Outputs from the ML model were shared weekly with health care workers at selected facilities. Results After data cleaning, complete data for 136,747 clients were used for the analysis. The percentage of IIT cases decreased from 58.6% (36,663/61,864) before 2017 to 14.2% (3690/28,046) from October 2019 through February 2021. Overall IIT was higher among clients who were sicker at enrollment. Other factors that were significantly associated with IIT included pregnancy and breastfeeding status and facility characteristics (location, service level, and service type). Several models were initially developed; the selected model had a sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 88%, positive predictive value of 83%, and negative predictive value of 87%, and was successfully integrated into the national electronic medical records database. During field-testing, the majority of users reported that an IIT prediction tool could lead to proactive steps for preventing IIT and improving patient outcomes. Conclusions High-performing ML models to identify patients with HIV at risk of IIT can be developed using routinely collected service delivery data and integrated into routine health management information systems. Machine learning can improve the targeting of interventions through differentiated models of care before patients interrupt treatment, resulting in increased cost-effectiveness and improved patient outcomes.

Transacting the Modern in the Works of Segun Aiyesan, a Self-Taught Nigerian Artist

Despite the embodied presence of self-taught art in Nigeria’s contemporary art space, the contributions made by self-taught artists in advancing the modernist landscape of contemporary art in Nigeria have remained largely understudied. Employing historiography and stylistic analyses, this article examines the modernist affirmations in the art of Segun Aiyesan, a self-taught Nigerian artist. It traces his artistic development as well as the various factors that influenced and shaped the modernist sensibilities evident in his art. Situating the discourse within the idiosyncrasies of Nigerian and Western art traditions, the study highlights how Aiyesan’s eclectic and experimental approach to art, in conjunction with the his effectual application of artistic talent and imagination, enabled him transact his own brand of modernism, and how its stylistic and aesthetic registers offer a deeper understanding ot the multifarious landscape of modern Nigerian art. Key attributes that frame Aiyesan’s art practice include the use of unconventional painting formats, multiple engagements of a particular subject matter using diverse compositional frameworks, and the continuous re-appraisal and re-invention of formal language. Thus, his art is very dynamic, expressive and constantly evolving.

Impact of Lagos Photo in Mainstreaming Photography as Visual Art in Nigeria

More than ever before, the medium of Photography has gained wider acceptance in Nigeria as a mainstream art form in exhibitions and in art festivals. Previously regarded as mere result of a mechanical process, products of Photography are now viewed as part of a wider image-making culture in the visual arts of the 21st Century which the artist uses as a tool, like other art forms to frame statements on relevant issues. Using Lagos Photo, a platform established by a Nigerian artist and entrepreneur in 2010, this paper examines the trends and developments that led to the status of photography as contemporary art medium in Nigeria. In its 8th year, the festival has contributed immensely in constructing a new identity for Photography as an authentic art medium in Nigeria. This paper situates the achievements of Lagos Photo within the wider matrix of what Silva (2018) calls “other successful precedents and lineages” in the history of the development of photography in Nigeria. Keywords: Lagos Photo, African Identity, Photography, Festivals, Exhibitions, Workshops DOI: 10.7176/ADS/104-02 Publication date: March 31 st 2023

Understanding The ISMS of Nigerian Post-Colonial Art Movements: An Ideological Path for Emerging Contemporary Art

Scholars of African art have advocated various methodologies for the study of African contemporary arts. These methodologies serve their purposes, however there is no particular most embracing and consensus approach so far. Since the millennium, the outcomes of African contemporary art actually defy any static approach. This paper proposes the ideologies and aesthetics of some post-colonial art movements in Nigeria and their impact on Nigerian contemporary art, as a methodological path to understanding the emerging contemporary arts of Nigeria. The art movements considered in this paper are Zarianism, Osogbo Art, Ulism, Onaism and Araism which are the most outstanding of Nigerian post-colonial art movements since independence in 1960. These art movements, through their ideologies, have largely shaped what is today considered as Nigerian Contemporary Art. This paper is a contribution to the ongoing dialogues on the identity of post-colonial Africa and the processes of de-colonization of African culture. Contemporary Nigerian art in this paper is the art from the 1990s till date. The paper is based on qualitative research and bibliographic surveys. The findings show that many contemporary Nigerian arts and artists are affiliated or linked with early post-colonial art movements. In conclusion, a successful inquiry and understanding of the formation and practice of the art movements hopefully will create a pathway in the prediction, identity, and understanding of recent works of art in Nigeria and Africa.

Dietary diversity and impact of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves supplemented – Diet on the nutritional status and CD4 cell counts of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria: A double - Blind randomized trial

BackgroundTo maintain an optimal nutritional status and immunological function in PLHIV, a diet with adequate nutrients is of utmost importance. This is a major challenge among poor populations in developing worlds like Nigeria, where malnutrition and food insecurity are endemic. This study aimed to assess the type of regular diet consumed and assess the impact of supplementation of the diet with Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves on the nutritional status and CD4 cell counts of PLHIV that are on ART in Nigeria. MethodA double-blind, randomized trial was conducted. Two hundred consented patients were randomly allocated to either the Moringa oleifera Lam. group (MOG) or the control group (COG). The FAO individual dietary diversity questionnaire was used. The regular diets of participants at baseline and six months were monitored. The measurements of weight, BMI, MUAC, and CD4 cell counts were obtained from baseline to six months of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves supplementation. ResultsOne hundred and seventy-seven patients completed the six-month follow-up (89 MOG versus 88 COG). At both baseline and sixth month, the foods most commonly consumed by the participants in both MOG and COG were cereals, spices and condiments, oils, fats and palm oil, and dark green vegetables. At baseline, significantly higher consumption of legumes, nuts & seeds (p = 0.001) was observed in the MOG and higher consumption of other vegetables (p = 0.024) in COG. Consumption of cereals, roots, and tubers was significantly higher (p = 0.024; 0.045) in the COG in the sixth month. In both groups, participants were in the medium or low dietary diversity tercile. Throughout the study period, all the nutritional status variables observed were not significantly different between the two study groups [(p > 0.0001); weight; p = 0.5556; BMI; p = 0.5145; MUAC; p = 0.6456]. Over the study period, the treatment by time interaction shows a significant difference in CD4 counts by treatment group (p < 0.0001) and an estimate of fixed effects 10.33 folds greater in the MOG than COG. All tests were conducted at 95CI. ConclusionThis study revealed a poor dietary diversity amongst PLHIV. Supplementation of regular diet with Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves did not affect the nutritional status but could improve the immune response of HIV-positive adults attending the antiretroviral treatment centre in the present study area.

Psychological Distress Increases 30-Fold Among People with HIV in the First Year on ART in Nigeria-a Call for Integrated Mental Health Services.

BackgroundFew studies have longitudinally assessed psychological distress among people with HIV (PWH) initiating ART in resource-limited settings.MethodBaseline, 6-month, and 12-month psychological distress were measured in a Nigerian cohort newly initiating therapy; the relationship between baseline factors and psychological distress at 12 months was assessed; and the association between psychological distress at 12 months and care retention or immunologic failure was determined.ResultsAmong 563 patients, median age was 38 years (IQR: 33–46 years), 62% were female, and 51% were married. Psychological distress increased from 3% at baseline to 34% at 12 months. Age (aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.06–1.56), female sex (aOR 2.89, 95% CI 1.93–4.33), lack of disclosure (aOR 4.32, 95% CI 2.48–7.51), and time on ART (6 months [aOR 6.91, 95% CI 3.14–15.18] and 12 months [aOR 32.63, 95% CI 16.54–64.36]) were associated with psychological distress while being married (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.30–0.61) was associated with reduced odds. Tweve-month psychological distress was associated with increased risk of immunologic failure (aOR 2.22, 95% CI 1.31–3.82).ConclusionThe risk of psychological distress increased 30-fold in the first year on therapy in PWH in Nigeria.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12529-022-10068-8.

Adebáyọ̀ Fálétí: The Passing of a Cultural Icon

Through the open door of the room next to the editing suite at the offices of Mainframe Productions, near Oshodi, Lagos, a figure dressed in colorful agbada is visible, hunched over papers and books. Back turned to the door, he scribbles away, oblivious to all movement around him. But it is not difficult to know who it is. The cap tipped to the right and the brief side glance cast in reaction to approaching motion are enough to give him away, even if, as in such situations, a few moments lapse before recognition registers. The sight is riveting, forbidding and disorienting all at once. In more than an hour of chattering about the problems of Nigeria, I have been unaware of the presence in the same building of one of the iconic figures of the arts in Nigeria, probably at work making things even more complicated. It is late in the evening. We greet him and quickly withdraw, careful not to disturb him further. Walking out the building with cultural critic Toyin Akinosho at the end of a visit with the filmmaker Tunde Kelani, I also find it quite chastening.&#x0D;

THEATRE MANAGEMENT INVESTIGATION OF FEMALE PROMISCUITY: PREGNANCY AND ABORTION IMPACT ON UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONAL THEATRES IN NIGERIA

This study investigates promiscuity impacts, pregnancy impacts and abortion impacts of female undergraduates on management of the University of Benin educational theatre program, with implications on general theatre practice including Muson and Nollywood, in Nigeria. There are widespread speculations that female undergraduate theatre students are promiscuous and therefore highly prone to pregnancies and abortions for reasons or factors not confirmed by research. At least no such specific extensive study has been carried out in the University of Benin Theatre on this topic. Yet many female students are branded and treated merely as ‘debased females and prospective prostitutes’, and do not enjoy the goodwill, support, respect and honor their counterparts in the social, basic and environmental sciences as well as other fields of academic studies enjoy. This would be tantamount to a great disservice and injustice that need to be urgently addressed if a rigorous academic inquiry proves otherwise. Not to mention the undiscovered negative impacts the problem may have had, or currently be having on the training and practice of theatre arts in Nigeria: hence this investigation. The methodology, the subjects of study and study sample were carefully and systematically determined. The findings are mostly positive regarding the negative behavior investigated. Hence the recommendations point to measures aimed at checking and restricting these vices as well as their impact to a minimum as well as towards improving the moral, academic and managerial framework of educational theatre programs in Nigeria.

Perceptions of Surrogacy Within the Yoruba Socio-Cultural Context of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Background: Surrogacy might be a reproductive process that brings joy and fulfilment to many but it also brings with it numerous ethical and legal concerns; it raises questions about the fundamental human rights, welfare and wellbeing of women and infants especially within a context where it is barely regulated. This article examines the perception of surrogacy within the Yoruba socio-cultural context in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. It brings to the fore various socio-cultural concerns that questions the influence of surrogacy as a reproductive process on womanhood, motherhood and parenthood. It discusses by analysing the narratives of participants how surrogacy process is a dereliction of the sacredness and cultural sanctity of the family system, most especially in an African context. Methods: 15 stakeholders (traditional birth attendants and gynaecologists) were engaged in an in-depth interview to unravel the challenges surrogacy might or is encountering within the socio-cultural context of Ado-Ekiti. Results: There are various social, cultural and religious beliefs that police the reproductive sphere of the Yoruba socio-cultural group, which has grave implications on fertility treatment. These socio-cultural and religious factors do not provide a fertile ground for surrogacy to thrive within the study location. Hence, it is important that the socio-cultural framing of reproduction within this cultural context become receptive to medical reproductive solutions and innovations if at all the processes are to thrive or at least become less stigmatised. Conclusions: The process of surrogacy is very complex and people’s attitude towards the practice is greatly influenced by their culture, religion and social belief systems about what is considered appropriate for procreation. Also, it is important to have clear-cut policy regulating surrogacy and all forms of ARTs in Nigeria, as this will protect women and infants, as well as, ensure that they are not to exposed abuse, commercialization and exploitation.

Dietary Diversity and Impact of &lt;i&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/i&gt; Lam. Leaves Supplemented – Diet on the Nutritional Status and CD4 Cell Counts of Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Nigeria: A Double - Blind Randomized Trial

Background: To maintain an optimal nutritional status and immunological function in PLHIV, a diet with adequate nutrients is of utmost importance. This is a major challenge among poor populations in developing worlds like Nigeria, where malnutrition and food insecurity are endemic. This study aimed to assess the type of regular diet consumed and assess the impact of supplementation of the diet with Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves on the nutritional status and CD4 cell counts of PLHIV that are on ART in Nigeria. Method: A double-blind, randomized trial was conducted. Two hundred consented patients were randomly allocated to either the Moringa oleifera Lam. group (MOG) or control group (COG). The FAO individual dietary diversity questionnaire was used. The regular diets of participants at baseline and six months were monitored. The measurements of weight, BMI, MUAC, and CD4 cell counts were obtained from baseline to six months of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves supplementation. Results: One hundred and seventy-seven patients completed the six-month follow-up (89 MOG versus 88 COG). At both baseline and sixth month, the foods most commonly consumed by the participants in both MOG and COG were cereals, spices and condiments, oils, fats and palm oil, and dark green vegetables. At baseline, significantly higher consumption of legumes, nuts & seeds (p= 0.001) was observed in the MOG and higher consumption of other vegetables (p= 0.024) in COG. Consumption of cereals, roots, and tubers was significantly higher (p= 0.024; 0.045) in the COG in the sixth month. In both groups, participants were in the medium or low dietary diversity tercile. Throughout the study period, all the nutritional status variables observed were not significantly different between the two study groups [(p > 0.0001); weight; p=0.5556; BMI; p=0.5145; MUAC; p=0.6456]. Over the study period, the treatment by time interaction shows a significant difference in CD4 counts by treatment group (p<0.0001) and an estimate of fixed effects 10.33 folds greater in the MOG than COG. All tests were conducted at 95CI. Conclusion: This study revealed that a diversified diet is a major nutritional problem. Supplementation of regular diet with Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves did not affect the nutritional status but could improve the immune response of PLHIV that are on ART Clinical Trial Registration Details: Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (identification number PACTR201811722056449). Funding Information: This study has been funded by the Department of Science and Innovation of South Africa (Contract No. DST/CON 0196/2011) and the College of Health Sciences, University of Kwazulu- Natal, Durban, South Africa. Declaration of Interests: The authors declare they have no conflict of interest. Ethics Approval Statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) Kano State, Nigeria (reference number NHREC/21/08/2008/AKTH/EC/2012), and the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of the University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, (reference number BFC294/16). This study was conducted in compliance with the principles enunciated in Helsinki's Declaration [24]. All the study participants provided signed written informed consent or thumbprint if unable to sign.

Perceptions of Surrogacy Within the Socio-Cultural Context of Nigeria.

Background: Surrogacy might be a reproductive process that brings joy and fulfilment to many, but it also brings with it numerous ethical and legal concerns; it raises questions about the fundamental human rights, welfare and wellbeing of women and infants, especially within a context where it is barely regulated. This article examines the perception of surrogacy within the socio-cultural context of Nigeria. It brings to the fore various socio-cultural concerns that question the influence of surrogacy as a reproductive process on womanhood, motherhood and parenthood. It discusses, by analysing the narratives of the participants, how the surrogacy process is a dereliction of the sacredness and cultural sanctity of the family system, most especially in an African context. Methods: Fifteen (15) stakeholders (traditional birth attendants, medical gynaecologists and legal professionals within the social, medico-legal framework of reproductive health) in Nigeria were engaged in in-depth interviews to unravel the challenges which surrogacy might be facing or encountering as an ART in Nigeria. Results: There are various social, traditional, cultural, and religious beliefs that police the reproductive sphere of Nigeria, which have grave implications on fertility treatment. These socio-cultural and religious factors do not provide a fertile ground for surrogacy to thrive in Nigeria. Hence, it is important that the socio-cultural framing of reproducing in Nigeria become receptive to modern medical reproductive alternatives and innovations. Conclusions: For surrogacy to permeate the reproductive terrain of the country there is a need to jettison several socio-cultural and religious sentimental beliefs policing reproduction in Nigeria.

Perceptions of Surrogacy Within the Yoruba Socio-Cultural Context of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Background: Surrogacy might be a reproductive process that brings joy and fulfilment to many but it also brings with it numerous ethical and legal concerns; it raises questions about the fundamental human rights, welfare and wellbeing of women and infants especially within a context where it is barely regulated. This article examines the perception of surrogacy within the Yoruba socio-cultural context in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. It brings to the fore various socio-cultural concerns that questions the influence of surrogacy as a reproductive process on womanhood, motherhood and parenthood. It discusses by analysing the narratives of participants how surrogacy process is a dereliction of the sacredness and cultural sanctity of the family system, most especially in an African context. Methods: 15 stakeholders (traditional birth attendants and gynaecologists) were engaged in an in-depth interview to unravel the challenges surrogacy might or is encountering within the socio-cultural context of Ado-Ekiti. Results: There are various social, cultural and religious beliefs that police the reproductive sphere of the Yoruba socio-cultural group, which has grave implications on fertility treatment. These socio-cultural and religious factors do not provide a fertile ground for surrogacy to thrive within the study location. Hence, it is important that the socio-cultural framing of reproduction within this cultural context become receptive to medical reproductive solutions and innovations if at all the processes are to thrive or at least become less stigmatised. Conclusions: The process of surrogacy is very complex and people’s attitude towards the practice is greatly influenced by their culture, religion and social belief systems about what is considered appropriate for procreation. Also, it is important to have clear-cut policy regulating surrogacy and all forms of ARTs in Nigeria, as this will protect women and infants, as well as, ensure that they are not to exposed abuse, commercialization and exploitation.

Emerging Issues in the Nigerian 9-Year Basic Education Curriculum: Implications for Cultural and Creative Arts Education

This qualitative research study sought to assess and evaluate the emerging issues in the teaching and learning of cultural and creative arts (CCA) in Anambra state of Nigeria. Data was gathered through oral consultations while the historical background of the cultural and creative arts in Nigeria is employed as the theoretical frame work upon which the study is based. The paper argues that for school curriculum reforms to meet the needs of the basic education system, the school-based practices should be made to respond to school curriculum reforms. The paper concludes by suggesting that progress can only be made in CCA education if there are serious reforms in pedagogical content at the level of pre-service teacher education as well as capacity building workshops for serving teachers.&#x0D; Keywords: 9-Year basic education curriculum, Cultural and creative arts education, Emerging issues, and Teachers reflections

Influence of Education on Practice of Contemporary Wood Carving in Awka Town, Anambra State

Informal and formal education systems have played very important role in the Educational development of Africa. Even formal educational system which characterized the present system of education, did not only develop from non – formal education but has consistently shown influence of non – formal education. It is regrettable that most scholars show little interest on the relevance of non-formal education in formal educational system, hence there is a dearth of scholarly Literature on the subject. In view of this problem this study examined the influence of the education system on the Awka wood carving industry. The study employed a survey design, while a descriptive method was used in data analysis. Sources of data include both primary and secondary sources. The primary sources are mainly Oral, while secondary sources are written materials, both published and unpublished. The result of the study showed that Western education has influence on wood carving training in Awka. It therefore recommends that traditional wood carving methods should be introduced to the curriculum for teaching academic art in Nigeria to acquaint students with knowledge of their indigenous arts and culture and to draw inspirations from them for modern art productions.

Decolonising the musical arts in Nigeria: An overview of the 5th Biennial National Conference of Music and the Performing Arts (Nacompa)

(2020). Decolonising the musical arts in Nigeria: An overview of the 5th Biennial National Conference of Music and the Performing Arts (Nacompa) Journal of the Musical Arts in Africa: Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 145-154.

Bruce Onobrakpeya: Categorization of Mythical Realism Period: 1959 to 1966

Bruce Onobrakpeya is a renowned Nigerian master printmaker, whose work has been categorized into various periods, one of which is the mythical realism period. This period (1959-1966) witnessed the creation af artwork inspired by ideas he acquired in college, as well as in workshops he attended. It is also a period which highlighted the growth of his style and techniques which manifested in the creation of artistic narratives of myth and folklore expressed in semi-reality, naturalistic and abstract forms. Most of the themes of these works were also influenced by his environment, particular that of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria and his people the Urhobos. This article focused on various aspects of Onobrakpeya’s work of the mythical realism period, their impact on his growth as an artist and on the development of contemporary art in Nigeria and Africa.Key Words: Onobrakpeya, mythical realism, art, development