Art In City Research Articles

Art for the "Hardware City": The New Britain Museum of American Art and Cultural Life in a Small New England City, 1903-1964

Research Article| April 01 2015 Art for the "Hardware City": The New Britain Museum of American Art and Cultural Life in a Small New England City, 1903-1964 K. IAN SHIN K. IAN SHIN Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Connecticut History Review (2015) 54 (1): 51–75. https://doi.org/10.2307/44370380 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation K. IAN SHIN; Art for the "Hardware City": The New Britain Museum of American Art and Cultural Life in a Small New England City, 1903-1964. Connecticut History Review 1 January 2015; 54 (1): 51–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/44370380 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressConnecticut History Review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2015 The Association for the Study of Connecticut History2015 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Uncanny Excavations: Khodasevich, Pompeii, and Remains of the Past

On Easter Monday in 1925, shortly before leaving Sorrento for Paris, the Russian émigré writer Vladislav Khodasevich made a day trip to Pompeii, which provided him with the inspiration for his travel sketch, “Pompeiskii uzhas” (“Pompeian Horror”, 1925). In undertaking the trip, he followed in the footsteps of a long line of Russian artists and writers, including, most notably, Pavel Muratov, who had included a sketch of Pompeii in his Obrazy Italii (Images of Italy, 1911–12, 1924). Taking Muratov's account of Pompeii as a point of departure, this article argues that, for Khodasevich, Pompeii is not the museum city of Roman art and culture that it is for Muratov. Instead, it is a site of uncanny excavations of the past—a past that is embodied in skeletons, plaster casts, and other forms of remains and that calls forth a disturbing memory from his childhood. In its merging of the past and the present and the strange and the familiar, “Pompeian Horror” also evokes comparison with another work by Khodasevich inspired by the Easter he spent in Sorrento: the poem “Sorrentinskie fotografii” (“Sorrento Photographs,” 1925–26), which envisions memory as a series of double‐exposed snapshots. “Sorrento Photographs” recalls the earlier text not just in the general way in which images from the poet's past blend with those of his more recent experiences in southern Italy, but also in its repetition of key scenes and motifs from “Pompeian Horror.” However, in “Sorrento Photographs,” whose central tableau focuses on a religious procession in Sorrento on Good Friday, recollection of the past produces not horror but a sense of wonder, and remains of the past are miraculously transformed consonant with the Paschal themes of resurrection and renewal.

FUNGSI LAGU PERJUANGAN SEBAGAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BANGSA

Patriotic songs basically originated from the history of education in Indonesia, starting from intellectualcircle and teachers in pre-independence era initiated by the Boedi Oetomo movement (1908), the 1928Youth Pledge and post 1945 independence. The form and meaning of the patriotic songs, either onvocals or with instruments, take place in ceremonial activities and performance art. According to AlanM. Meriam and RM. Soedarsono, this applies to public school, the Indonesian Air Force, and GeloraBahana Patria Choir. As for character education, the specialty of Yogyakarta reflects its identity as acity of struggle, city of education and city of arts and culture. According to the theory of transformation,something new, including the arrangements of patriotic songs in the forms of march, hymn, romancefor parade, military defile and aubade, is to restore the spirit of nationalism and patriotism. The successof transforming the patriotic songs so as to have new atmosphere is dependent on the various abilitiesto make the arrangement works, so that they can draw attention from the doers and the listeners andfunction in ceremony and performance art. In line with the Decree of the Ministry of National Educationof 2011 items 10 and 11 regarding the values of nationalism and patriotism, we can realize those valuesby singing patriotic songs, using Indonesian language as the unifying language, and acknowledging,appreciating and commemorating the services of national heroes.

Acquisition And Placement Of Public Art In Helsinki Elementary Schools

The study endeavors to clarify the city of Helsinki’s selecting of public art and placing of it in municipal elementary schools. The significance of the art-pedagogical aspects in the public art acquisition and decision-making was measured by clarifying the participation of schools and their users in the processes of art acquisition. The research question is as follows: are art-pedagogical perspectives present in the city’s art acquisition process? In the study several employees of the Helsinki City Art Museum were interviewed and the Collection Policy Program of the Helsinki Art Museum 2012 (2013) was used as text material. The meaning structures of the theme interviews were analyzed and content analysis connected with institutional art theory was used, when analyzing the related text material. The study showed that public art is acquired for the Helsinki area elementary schools through percentage financing principle and as Helsinki Art Museum’s own acquisitions for the Accessioned collection. In either acquisition models the students were commonly not heard in the decision-making process. Instead, teachers were listened to during the art acquisition process. Sometimes the curriculum of a school was reflected in the process. However, when the art acquisition solely by the Art Museum was in question the art-pedagogical activities took place more than in the case of percentage art acquisitions. The study suggests that students’ possible learning from and about visual public art and esthetics in the school setting is enhanced when they themselves are involved in the process of public art acquisition, including the art- pedagogical activities.

ELABORAÇÃO DE UM GUIA DOS ARTISTAS PLÁSTICOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE INHUMAS-GO

This project’s goal was the creation of an inventory of the artists from the city of Inhumas-GO. The intention was to produce a guide with the biography, a photo of the artist and his or her artistic productions. The local culture, in this research, was treated as a theoretical framework that sees the production as an object involved in the formation of different social subjectivities and in the construction of identities. Through a survey of artists and their productions, who work or have worked in the city of Inhumas, the aim of this study was to present the culture in which these productions were produced. The final work resulted from the contact established with 15 artists. Paintings, drawings, photographs and performances appear in the productions of these artists. Through interviews, a brochure was prepared and called: Knowing our Art: Visual Artists of the city of Inhumas. Most of the work done by the artists of Inhumas is figurative art, which seeks to portray the reality. It can be observed that they end up having the same influences. Many were students of artists who give private classes. This project has enabled a greater understanding of the culture of Inhumas. The art of the city is very overlooked and underexplored. The preparation of this brochure can be used as a source of research, study and appreciation of regional art.

Another new museum? Imagining the space of art in the creative city


 
 
 With the transformation of urban governance into a mode of entrepreneurialism, museums have become prominent and privileged sites for reshaping cities as attractive places for cultural and artistic consumption. Using an ethnographic field study, the authors investigate how the logic of the creative city is at work in the planning of a new art museum in a medium-sized Swiss city. The analysis shows how the entrepreneurial rationale is contested and re-appropriated through the use of classic and situational modes to organize this cultural institution. The ways of imagining the museum are described as the effects of these three modes of ordering – entrepreneurial, classic, and situational – as well as their hybridization. The authors conclude that by attending to the multiple layers of urban life, which unfold in and around museums, we can imagine other ‘new museums’ than those of the entrepreneurial city.
 
 

University Art Students Undertake Entrepreneurship Action in Brunei Darussalam

ABSTRACTAn in-depth analysis of how something seemingly simple—the establishing of a student-run arts supply store in Brunei—can deeply affect a city and nation's art, education, and cultural scenes.

거창국제연극제의 경제효과 분석 연구

이 연구는 거창국제연극제 방문객을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 방문객이 인식하는 거창국제연극제의 만족도와 기여정도에 대해 조사하고 지출비용을 분석하여 경제적 파급효과 분석과 전문가 심층인터뷰 조사를 실시하여 거창국제연극제의 발전방안을 모색하였다. 관람객 인식조사결과 거창국제연극제가 지역발전과 공연예술발전에 기여하고 있으며, 거창을 예술의 도시로 이미지화 하는데 기여하고 있다고 대체로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 방문객들은 축제와 공연작품에 대체로 만족하고 있는 것으로 나타났으나 숙박, 교통, 서비스 품질 등에는 만족도가 떨어지는 것으로 분석되었다. 경제적 파급효과는 직접효과는 128,000천 원, 간접효과는 생산 160억 3천8백만 원, 소득 3억 1천9백만 원, 부가가치 75억 4천9백만 원, 수입 19억 2천6백만 원, 조세 7억8천만 원 등으로 분석되었다. This research was about the economic impact and the development plan by analyzing satisfaction and the contributions of Keochang International Festival(KIFT) that visitors recognize. It also sought ways to the development of an KIFT by conducting in-depth interviews with experts. According to the survey of visitors' recognition, KIFT contributed to the regional and the arts development. And it also showed that people recognize the contribution to imaging Keochang as the city of art. In regard to the visitors' satisfaction, they were satisfied generally with the festival and performance, but the satisfaction level was quite low with the traffic, service quality, etc. In respect to the economic impacts, the direct cost effect caused by holding the theater festival was 128,000 thousand won in 2013. Also the annual economic(indirect) impact on the production was 16 billion won, personal income 319,358 thousand won, added-value 7,549,540 thousand won, and taxes 780,733 thousand won.

Euroanalysis XVII—analytical chemistry for human well-being and sustainable development

The first Euroanalysis conference took place in Heidelberg, Germany, more than 30 years ago. Since 1972, the meeting have focused on various analytical chemistry issues, and been established as a forum for the analytical community from academia, governance, and industry in Europe with worldwide recognition. Euroanalysis, held biannually, with the venue rotating among European countries, was hosted so far by Austria, Belgium, France, twice in Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Switzerland, and twice in Poland (the last in 2013). The main organizer of the Euroanalysis conferences is the Division of Analytical Chemistry of the European Association for Chemical and Molecular Sciences (EuCheMS). The 17th European Conference on Analytical Chemistry, held in Poland from August 25 to 29, 2013, was organized by the Polish Chemical Society and Committee on Analytical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Supported by EuCheMS, IUPAC, and the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the event was jointly organized by the Faculties of Chemistry of the Warsaw University of Technology and the University of Warsaw. The main aim of Euroanalysis XVII was to share ideas on recent developments of instrumentation and application in the field of analytical chemistry towards human well-being and sustainable development. Continuing previous successful conferences, both fundamental research and practical analytical applications were discussed. The conference was held in Warsaw, a city of opportunities, entertainments, art, and science. The conference began with well-attended short courses, organized for Sunday, 25th August. The opening ceremony conducted at the Great Hall at the Technical University of Warsaw was followed by the special plenary lecture given by Professor Adam Hulanicki, distinguished and worldwide recognized Polish analytical chemist. You can read his view on the history of Polish analytical chemistry in this issue. A special session was dedicated to the DAC EuCheMS Award Ceremony of the Robert Kellner Lecture; this time the award was given to Jurgen Popp. After the special laudation given by Paul Worsfold, Raman spectroscopy and its use for biomedical analysis were intensely discussed by Jurgen Popp. The conference program was divided into various thematic sessions, covering environmental, biomedical, forensic, and food analysis; trace elements and speciation; industrial and process analysis; separation techniques; electrochemical methods and devises; as well as recent progress in modern analysis. Analytical methods for cultural heritage and art, education in analytical chemistry as well as chemometrics, quality assurance, and metrology were discussed during the conference. The scientific program was concluded by the special keynote lecture on “Quantification of human errors in chemical analysis using expert judgments” given by I. Kuselman. Close to 600 posters were presented during the entire conference, and six of them were awarded Best Poster Awards by Springer. Besides the presentation given by senior scientists, it is worth highlighting the large number of young scientists and the high scientific level of their contributions. The social program aimed to provide an occasion for informal discussion and enriching friendships with analytical chemistry societies. The key points were as follows: Sunday evening get-together in the main building of the Warsaw University of Technology to greet friends and welcome them to Warsaw; Beer Barbecue party in “Gościniec Wiecha” in Heritage Park outside of Warsaw, an excellent opportunity to taste local specialties of the Mazovian village cuisine on Monday evening; beautiful costumes, live folk music, and dance given by dancers on the stage of the famous “Teatr Polski” gave the chance for a music-and-dance trip around various regions of Poland during the enjoyable Tuesday evening; last but not least was the conference Gala Dinner, which took place on Wednesday in the Main Hall of the Warsaw University of Technology, which specially for this evening was turned into a unique ballroom complemented by a spectacular composition of light and music. The very intense program of Euroanalysis made the days in Warsaw pass extremely quickly. During the closing ceremony, held on Friday, the participants expressed their appreciation to the organizing committee for all their effort to assure an excellent atmosphere during the conference. The next Euroanalysis event will be organized in 2015, in Bordeaux; good luck to our friends from France!

ANTI-SPACE: THE POLITICAL COMPLEXION OF AN INNER CITY ART GALLERY

The subject of this paper is an inner city artist-run gallery called Eastside Projects. As part of an historical trend in artistrun spaces, Eastside Projects have innovated a strategic approach to post-industrial space, their location and role within the city of Birmingham, UK. This paper outlines their approach in the context of the recent cultural policy frameworks impressed on publicly funded city-based art organisations. It attempts to extend the conceptualisation of contemporary art in the city within urban studies generally, specifically investigating the theoretical potential of Eastside Project’s curatorial strategy. How can we define public agency for art in the neoliberal city? For Eastside Projects, agency is defined principally through space and the aesthetics of space. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for articulating the political aesthetics of new public spaces for art.

Embracing Brussels: art and culture in the court city, 1600-1800

Embracing Brussels: art and culture in the court city, 1600-1800

Art in a Post-disaster City: The Meanings of Prospect New Orleans

Art in a Post-disaster City: The Meanings of Prospect New Orleans

An Untiring Scholar and a Generous Spirit: Remembering Joseph A. Kestner

An Untiring Scholar and a Generous Spirit: Remembering Joseph A. Kestner The Staffs of the James Joyce Quarterly and Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature Joseph A. Kestner died on 24 August 2015, at his home in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He was 71. He was an internationally recognized scholar of Victorian literature and art, adventure and detective fiction, and the interdisciplinary ties among the novel, film, painting, and opera. During his thirty-seven years with the University of Tulsa, where he was McFarlin Professor of English and Professor of Film Studies, he inspired colleagues and students with his learning, wit, and joie de vivre. His remarkable gifts for lecturing and mentoring earned him numerous teaching awards, including Oklahoma Professor of the Year, given by the Council for Advancement and Support of Education, and the University of Tulsa’s prestigious Outstanding Teacher Award. His unbounded vitality and generosity made him a beloved teacher, colleague, friend, and community leader. An untiring scholar, Kestner published more than a hundred books, articles, and essays, and he lectured frequently in the United States and abroad. With the rare ability to turn old and new enthusiasms into lasting scholarly contributions, he wrote and spoke prolifically on topics as diverse as Jane Austen, Pre-Raphaelite painting, narrative theory, Italian and German opera, James Joyce, Sherlock Holmes, and the British female detective. He had the unique capacity to teach and delight readers of all kinds; whether appearing in Papers on Language and Literature or in Opera News, his articles brought freshness and insight to his chosen subject. He was invited to lecture at many prestigious international venues, including the City Art Gallery in Leeds, England, and the Tate Gallery in London. At the height of his career as a literary scholar, he decided to branch out and pursue his passion for film and film genres, and he was instrumental in establishing the film-studies major and department at the University of Tulsa. This new endeavor provided him with new outlets for mentoring. In addition to preparing numerous Ph.D. candidates for careers in literature departments, he devoted himself to helping undergraduates obtain internships and other positions in film and related professions. Born in Horton, Kansas, and raised in Albany, New York, Kestner earned his B.A. from the University of New York, Albany, and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Columbia University, where he devoted equal study to English literature and to classical languages and culture. After appointments at Princeton University and the City University of New York, he came to the University of Tulsa in 1978 and immediately established himself as a dynamic scholar, teacher, and dissertation advisor. His teaching style combined profound learning, irresistible wit and entertainment, and a booming voice with which [End Page 288] he captivated audiences numbering in the hundreds as well as small graduate seminars. It is said that one could easily audit any of his courses by simply walking past the closed door of his classroom. He exuded what his students called “Kestnerian energy,” and everyone who knew him profited from that exuberance. Kestner was as beloved in the Tulsa community as he was at TU. For many years, he served on the Tulsa Opera Board and acted in numerous capacities within that organization, including as Vice-President for Production. He played significant roles in Tulsa’s Cinema Arts Foundation, the Tulsa Public Library, the Oklahoma Arts Institute, the Puccini Society, and other organizations. His immensely popular lectures drew crowds every time he lectured. A noted scholar of the Sherlock Holmes novels and stories, Kestner was a favorite speaker at events of the Afghanistan Perceivers of Oklahoma, an organization of Holmes enthusiasts. He was scheduled to give a talk before the Baker Street Irregulars, a prestigious international Holmes society, in New York in January 2016. He was married to Anna Norberg, a concert pianist and long-time faculty member in TU’s School of Music. Kestner once described his strategy for teaching: (1) Love what you do. You can’t fake it. (2) Be committed to its importance. (3) Make it exciting and engrossing. (4) Make it as interdisciplinary as possible—art, music, literature, politics, all together. He embodied that strategy...

제주문화예술도시 발전을 위한 "관용" 인식수준 연구

본 논문은 제주가 문화예술도시로의 발전을 위하여 지역의 가치를 "관용"에 두고 문화예술분야에 적용함으로써 문화예술도시로의 발전을 위한 방향을 제시하고자 하는 것이다. 다양함을 받아들이는 근거가 되는 '관용'을 문화예술분야에 적용하여 제주지역주민의 관용 수준을 확인하고자 제주지역 15세 이상의 주민을 대상으로 445명에게 설문을 실시하였다. 연구결과 제주지역주민의 관용성 수준은 성(sex)과 연령, 학력, 문화활동 여부에 따라 정도의 차이는 있으나 각기 다른 것으로 확인되었다. 문화예술의 사회적 편익을 강조하는 것은 사회적 배제를 개선하는 잠재력을 가지며 관용의 도시는 다양성을 인정하고 서로 이해하고 존중하는 사회통합의 공간으로 제시된다. 행정의 책임성에 "관용"이 가지는 공공선을 통해 사회적 가치에 비중을 두어 문화예술도시로 발전시켜 나간다면 지역의 발전과 더불어 주민 삶의 질도 높아질 것이다. This study focused on "tolerlance" to provide direction for the development as a city of culture and art in Jeju. In the field of culture and art, the survey was conducted to measure the acceptance degree of the diversity of in Jeju residents. Analysis of Jeju residents, the degree of tolerance for acceptance has been confirmed that there is a difference of degree, depending on whether the gender (sex) and age, education, and cultural activities. As a result, analysis of the acceptance degree of the tolerlance of Jeju residents, it has been confirmed that there are some difference of more or less according to the difference in gender (sex), age, education level, and the degree of cultural activities. To emphasize the social benefits of culture and arts have the potential to improve social exclusion. Therefore, there will be a space for anyone to recognize and respect the diversity of individuals and social integration. Composition of the city of culture and art with a focus on the social value of generosity and, if you promote regional development, the residents quality of life will improve.

Study on the LED Media Facade in Urban Space Using Analysis

The LED media facade as a new art form, to create a new urban landscape of modern cities. The LED media facade already become an important window to set art, advertising, media and city information. Through dynamic screen display screen video content, and generally exist in the appearance of a large new building, but also for artists to create urban space visual arts, a new design concept and art design platform for people to create a new city arts space. With more and more state-of-the-art multimedia equipment and improvement of LED technology, The LED media facade became beautify the urban environment and enhance the urban atmosphere, shaping urban space art tools.

The Jinju’s Centrality and the Restructuring of Jinju as a City of Culture and Arts

This study examines how tradition is expressed in Jinju, where the so-called ‘tradition’ operates strongly, how that tradition unite the citizens of Jinju, and how the Jinju citizens are trying to restructure the city based on their experiences and historical transmission. A notable aspect among Jinju’s historical experiences is that it was an administrative center. The fact that Jinju has been referred to as the center of Gyeongsangnam-do and the center of West Gyeongnam region originates from the historical experience of the city as an administrative center. The reason Jinju seriously lost its municipal standing was because of the relocation of Gyeongsangnam-do provincial government building in 1925. Jinju, which was located outside the zone of modern railway and open ports since the modern open port era, was already being excluded as a place lagging behind in transportation. With the relocation of Gyeongsangnam-do provincial government building, the people of Jinju suffered a great loss. Several measures were taken as recover from the loss Jinju experienced. First, the people of Jinju had to claw back ‘the provincial government building that was lost’ in order to retain its status as a city. Whenever Jinju had to confront other areas with current issues, the people of Jinju called attention to the Gyeongsangnam-do provincial government building as a way to regain the past status of Jinju and stop its further decline. The problem of the provincial government building remained as a memory and experience among Jinju people and their efforts for reclaiming the provincial government building and envy for being a center of Gyeongsangnam-do became the source of competition and jealousy with other areas within Gyeongsangnam-do. Jinju, after its loss of provincial government building, went on to restructure itself as a culture and arts city based on the city’s inherent history and cultural resources as well as on the cultural capacity of its people in order to build its new centrality. It relied on the history of Jinju that no other new modern industrialized cities could compete with and mobilized historical events that demonstrate the symbolic historicity of Jinju in the general history of Korea. In addition, as the origin of culture that is symbolized in the Gaecheon Art Festival, Jinju became a leader of culture that received recognition on a national level. Besides, the city united the people of Jinju and the internal energy of the city noting the ‘Jinju Spirit’ which is based on historical consciousness. Also, it is establishing the city image as a city of culture and arts while embracing cultural resources that were acquired unexpectedly from outside. In particular, one thing that have been frequently mentioned in the course of restructuring of Jinju as a city of culture and arts was the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592. The Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592 operated as an important mechanism for restructuring Jinju as a city of culture and arts rooted in tradition and building Jinju’s unique identity.

Neo‐bohemia: Art and commerce in the postindustrial city (2nd ed.) by Richard Lloyd

Neo‐bohemia: Art and commerce in the postindustrial city (2nd ed.) by Richard Lloyd

Creating Public Realm through Urban Renewal- Learning from the City of Arts and Sciences for the Indian Urban Scenario

In a rapidly developing nation like India, the prime aspect of growth is development of private projects to cater to the need for generating revenue. Land is developed for closed housing communities, industrial and IT parks and areas for the private sector. Even though, open spaces may be provided inside and along the developments, they are used by a restricted clientele, since the spaces are not open to all tiers of the society and for public use. As a result, even with the generation of enough open spaces, there is no realization of a public realm in most of the urban zones. Since there are several conflicting demands from different participatory bodies in a development project, the resolution of this conflict is not possible, but selection of the best solution is within the human abilities of the decision-making bodies. The City of Arts and Sciences in Valencia of Spain by architect Santiago Calatrava is a good example of providing urban space from an architectural project, with infrastructural planning and integration with the environment involving public participation and creating a successful public realm through celebrating modernity of structure-oriented bio mimicry architecture applied to the project area. The paper aims to study the effect of a government-initiated urban renewal project in the development of a degraded urban space and the urban design elements applied in the conceptual stage in order to realize an attractive public realm. The integrated approach towards the planning disciplines is encouraged in a plural society like India where all development aspects are fragmented, with a special emphasis on the creation of open spaces for public use for all tiers of the society.

“No centro de uma outra história”: a busca da emergência de novos espaços arte-educativos

Este artigo busca problematizar a arte na sua relação com o processo educativo. Utiliza-se da experiência relacionada com a criação e constituição da “Casa do Joquim: Oficina de Idéias”, um trabalho pioneiro em arte e educação não-formal na cidade de Pelotas-RS. A abordagem é organizada em duas seções: na primeira toma como fio narrativo a canção “Joquim” do artista pelotense Vitor Ramil introduzindo a apresentação da experiência. Na segunda, descreve a proposta da “Casa do Joquim” e, ao final, retoma e defende a condição de fronteira como um dos espaços de produção/criação artística dessa outra ordem ética e estética como possível.

Gwangju: A Hub City of Asian Culture and high-tech industry

Gwangju is a metropolitan city located in the southwest of the Republic of Korea. The city was relatively socio-economically underdeveloped compared to other major Korean cities, particularly cities in the capital region and the southeast, until the 1980s. The central government’s former efficiency-oriented economic development policies, which focused on specific strategic locations in Korea, account for this underdevelopment. From the 1990s onward, Gwangju promoted its economic growth by constructing industrial complexes and establishing photonics and optical industries. Although the city has achieved some significant results in creating high-tech industries, Gwangju has the potential for further development. This is supported by the fact that since 2004, Gwangju, jointly with the central government, has begun an urban development project, the Hub City of Asian Culture Gwangju Project, to transform the city into an international city of arts and culture. The project represents more geographically balanced policy on the part of central government, as well as local government incentive to find urban regeneration strategies so the central city will be capable of thriving in the post industrial world. However, there are conflicts related to this project, particularly as regards the construction of the Asian Culture Complex (ACC). The success of the project will be dependent upon the construction of the ACC, which will be the most important facility.