Art Implementation Research Articles

Approximate Computing Using Multiple-Access Single-Charge Associative Memory

Memory-based computing using associative memory is a promising way to reduce the energy consumption of important classes of streaming applications by avoiding redundant computations. A set of frequent patterns that represent basic functions are pre-stored in Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) and reused. The primary limitation to using associative memory in modern parallel processors is the large search energy required by TCAMs. In TCAMs, all rows that match, except hit rows, precharge and discharge for every search operation, resulting in high energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a new Multiple-Access Single-Charge (MASC) TCAM architecture which is capable of searching TCAM contents multiple times with only a single precharge cycle. In contrast to previous designs, the MASC TCAM keeps the match-line voltage of all miss-rows high and uses their charge for the next search operation, while only the hit rows discharge. We use periodic refresh to control the accuracy of the search. We also implement a new type of approximate associative memory by setting longer refresh times for MASC TCAMs, which yields search results within 1–2 bit Hamming distances of the exact value. To further decrease the energy consumption of MASC TCAM and reduce the area, we implement MASC with crossbar TCAMs. Our evaluation on AMD Southern Island GPU shows that using MASC (crossbar MASC) associative memory can improve the average floating point units energy efficiency by 33.4, 38.1, and 36.7 percent (37.7, 42.6, and 43.1 percent) for exact matching, selective 1-HD and 2-HD approximations respectively, providing an acceptable quality of service (PSNR > 30 dB and average relative error <10 percent). This shows that MASC (crossbar MASC) can achieve 1.77X (1.93X) higher energy savings as compared to the state of the art implementation of GPGPU that uses voltage overscaling on TCAM.

Про ефективність реалізації заходів з антиретровірусної терапії у ВІЛ-інфікованих за результатами оцінки регіональної програми з протидії ВІЛ-інфекції/СНІД

Про ефективність реалізації заходів з антиретровірусної терапії у ВІЛ-інфікованих за результатами оцінки регіональної програми з протидії ВІЛ-інфекції/СНІД

EventML: Specification, verification, and implementation of crash-tolerant state machine replication systems

Abstract Distributed programs are known to be extremely difficult to implement, test, verify, and maintain. This is due in part to the large number of possible unforeseen interactions among components, and to the difficulty of precisely specifying what the programs should accomplish in a formal language that is intuitively clear to the programmers. We discuss here a methodology that has proven itself in building a state of the art implementation of Multi-Paxos and other distributed protocols used in a deployed database system. This article focuses on the logical foundations as well as the basic ideas of formal EventML programming, illustrated by implementing a fault-tolerant consensus protocol and showing how we prove its safety properties with the Nuprl proof assistant.

Pharmacogenetics of antidepressant drugs: State of the art and clinical implementation – recommendations from the French National Network of Pharmacogenetics

Tailoring antidepressant drug therapy to each individual patient is a complex process because these drugs have adverse effects leading to discontinuation. Pharmacogenetics may provide useful information in routine practice for optimizing antidepressant treatment by helping limit toxic effects while maintaining efficacy. This review presents the usefulness of pharmacogenetic tests for P450 cytochromes CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 in psychiatric patients taking antidepressants. Depending on the level of evidence, the French National Network of Pharmacogenetics (RNPGx) has issued recommendations stating that pharmacogenetic tests for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genes are potentially useful in psychiatric patients treated with antidepressant drugs.

Suitability Analysis of FPGAs for Heterogeneous Platforms in HPC

High performance computing (HPC) systems currently integrate several resources such as multi-cores (CPUs), graphic processing units (GPUs) and reconfigurable logic devices, like field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The role of the latter two has traditionally being confined to act as secondary accelerators rather than as main execution units. We perform a deep survey around state of the art research and implementation of HPC algorithms; we extract features relevant to each family and list them as key factors to obtain higher performance. Due to the broad spectra of the survey we only include the most complete references found. We provide a general classification of the 13 HPC families with respect to their needs and suitability for hardware implementation. In addition, we present an analysis based on current and future technology availability as well as in particular aspects identified in the survey. Finally we list general guidelines and opportunities to be accounted for in future heterogeneous designs that employ FPGAs for HPC.

ПРОФЕСІЙНИЙ САМОРОЗВИТОК МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ МУЗИЧНОГО МИСТЕЦТВА У ЗМІСТІ МИСТЕЦЬКОЇ ОСВІТИ

DOI: &nbsp;https://doi.org/10.28925/2518-766X201617175 The article analyzes the content of future professionals training in the field of art education, substantiates&nbsp;development and implementation into the educational process the higher educational establishments&nbsp;a special course “Backgrounds of Future Music Teacher’s Professional Self-Development”, describes&nbsp;the principles of its creation, presents the essence of the content and form of arranging students’ cognitive&nbsp;activity in the process of study of a special course. The problem of personal and professional self-development&nbsp;is one of the urgent at the present stage of development of education in general and art education, in particular.Increasing public requirements for future professionals’ qualification, their compliance with market needs &nbsp;cause the introduction of the content and innovative technology of training aimed at the result which is reflected in the formation of graduate’s professional competence gaining of which is also caused by his ability to professional self-development. The proposed program of special course “Backgrounds of Future Music Teacher’s Professional Self-Development” reflects the key philosophical, psychological, educational, and professional knowledge in professional self-development, which is a theoretical and practical basis for the formation of future music teacher’s readiness to professional self-development. Practical activities are closely related to the content of lectures and focused on consolidation and clarification of important principles of theoretical material with the use of different methods and forms of teaching, in particular dialogue, discussion, role playing, testing, training, questioning, diagnosing of students’ personal qualities etc. Tasks for students’ independent work are aimed for the development of skills of independent learning and professional self-development.

Al4SiC4 wurtzite crystal: Structural, optoelectronic, elastic, and piezoelectric properties

New experimental results supported by theoretical analyses are proposed for aluminum silicon carbide (Al4SiC4). A state of the art implementation of the density functional theory is used to analyze the experimental crystal structure, the Born charges, the elastic properties, and the piezoelectric properties. The Born charge tensor is correlated to the local bonding environment for each atom. The electronic band structure is computed including self-consistent many-body corrections. Al4SiC4 material properties are compared to other wide band gap wurtzite materials. From a comparison between an ellipsometry study of the optical properties and theoretical results, we conclude that the Al4SiC4 material has indirect and direct band gap energies of about 2.5 eV and 3.2 eV, respectively.

HIV Infection in Migrant Populations in the European Union and European Economic Area in 2007-2012: An Epidemic on the Move.

Migrants are considered a key group at risk for HIV infection. This study describes the epidemiology of HIV and the distribution of late HIV presentation among migrants within the European Union/European Economic Area during 2007-2012. HIV cases reported to European Surveillance System (TESSy) were analyzed. Migrants were defined as people whose geographical origin was different than the reporting country. Multiple logistic regression was used to model late HIV presentation. Overall, 156,817 HIV cases were reported, of which 60,446 (38%) were migrants. Of these, 53% were from Sub-Saharan Africa, 12% from Latin America, 9% from Western Europe, 7% from Central Europe, 5% from South and Southeast Asia, 4% from East Europe, 4% from Caribbean, and 3% from North Africa and Middle East. Male and female migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America had higher odds of late HIV presentation than native men and women. Migrants accounted for 40% of all HIV notifications in 2007 versus 35% in 2012. HIV cases in women from Sub-Saharan Africa decreased from 3725 in 2007 to 2354 in 2012. The number of HIV cases from Latin America peaked in 2010 to decrease thereafter. HIV diagnoses in migrant men who have sex with men increased from 1927 in 2007 to 2459 in 2012. Migrants represent two-fifths of the HIV cases reported and had higher late HIV presentation. HIV epidemic in migrant populations in European Union/European Economic Area member states is changing, probably reflecting the global changes in the HIV pandemic, the impact of large-scale ART implementation, and migration fluctuations secondary to the economic crisis in Europe.

IJARCCE - Computer and Communication Engineering

2 Abstract: One of the main implementation of wireless sensor network is monitoring equipment. Wireless sensor network (WSN) are able for cost efficient monitoring over enormous geo location. Construction of smart grid is based on the internet of thing(IOT) are made. Smart grid is attractive, and it is a new type of intelligent power system realized with the existing transmission and distribution power infrastructure. To pass the electricity to the consumers, we require a high voltage transmission. High voltage transmission line are responsible for transmission of electric power. Electricity is very essential to understand and monitor the behaviour of the system. In this paper, we present a survey of electric transmission line monitoring system, highlight the key concept, and state of art implementation as well as investigate challenges. The goal of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the design challenges of electric distribution line monitoring system and identify important research in this increasing important field.

Prevalence of Disseminated Cryptococcosis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients in Benin City, Nigeria

Aim: To determine the prevalence of disseminated cryptococcosis among symptomatic HIVinfected patients, attending the Antiretroviral Treatment Clinic at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria, between September 2010 Original Research Article Joseph et al.; BJMMR, 6(7): 715-722, 2015; Article no.BJMMR.2015.248 716 and August 2011. Methodology: Five hundred consecutive symptomatic HIV-infected patients, on ART were enrolled into this cross-sectional study (266 males, 234 females, age range 18-81 years, mean age, 40.08 years). A blood sample collected from each participant was screened for serum cryptococcal antigen (CRAG) using the cryptococcal Latex agglutination test. The viral load and CD4+ T -cell count were also determined in parallel. A structured questionnaire was used to gather Information on socio demographic characteristics, medical and treatment history of participants. Data collected and the results of laboratory tests were analyzed using the SPSS software, version 22.0. Results: The prevalence of serum cryptococcal antigen was 9.8%. Majority (66.8%) of the participants had a CD4+ T-cell count of less than 100 cells/μl. The association between serum CRAG and CD4+ T-cell was found to be significant (P < .001). Viral load done for only 90 of the participants was high in 51.1%. The association between serum CRAG and viral load was found to be significant (P < .001). Conclusion: The prevalence of serum CRAG was high among symptomatic HIVinfected patients on ART, in Benin city, Nigeria, despite ART implementation. There is need therefore for a routine cryptococcal antigen test for all symptomatic HIV-infected patients on ART, while further microbiological investigations for those with positive result are recommended for appropriate medical intervention.

The Art and Sustainable Aspects of Natural Dyeing in KANAWIDA Hand Drawn Batik (Green Batik)

Indonesian batik has been recognized by UNESCO as the intangible cultural heritage of Indonesia. The ironic thing happened when Indonesian batik export is rejected by the market of European Union because of wearing artificial dyes and thus is categorized as eco unfriendly product. The chemical waste of artificial dyeing process can cause damage to environment and skin health of batik users. Therefore, the research and publication of natural dyeing materials and techniques in batik is needed to disseminate the techniques to craftmen and promote the use of green batik as a life style. In this paper, we discuss the art and sustainable aspects of natural dyeing in the making process of Kanawida Batik, one famous home industry of green batik in Banten and DKI Jakarta provinces. Using case study research method, we examine the art characteristics and implementation of sustainability requirements in the natural dyeing. The several results are: (1) knowledge about natural color sources and methods to produce it from natural materials, especially that are came from the richness and variety of Indonesian plants, (2) the manual and art characteristics of natural dyeing, (3) knowledge about how to implement sustainability in home industry of batik.

Innovation and creativity in a design of high quality public space. Case study of Poznan, Poland

The paper deals with the questions of a public space creation through the implementation of art and design. The idea of promotion the cultural features within a public space helps to increase the city space attractiveness. The author presents the case study of a downtown area of a city of Poznan in Poland, Wielkopolska region. As a result of an observation that there is a lack of a public space of culture and art in Poznan city centre, there is presented a proposal of an innovative and attractive functions implementation. There is also presented the research method of public space activization through art and design. The art is understood not only as temporary events but as the pieces of a small architecture and built areas of a cultural function as well. There was created an idea of a MAD city for people - which means searching for meaning, action and design in a city centre space. This idea is to be used as a tool to identify the existing and potential space for art in a city centre and to define whether it is a space of sacrum or of profanum. The tool helps to define what is the best use and purpose of a space in a context of an art implementation. It is also to create a functional system of socially and spatially attractive public spaces within a city centre. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n19p405

Improving Data Transfer Rate and Throughput of HDFS using Efficient Replica Placement

In last half decade, there is tremendous growth in the network applications; we are experiencing an information explosion era. Due to which large amount of distributed data being managed and stored. To handle these types of data, application uses distributed file system. Advantages of DFS are increased availability and efficiency. Generally some parameters like scalability, reliability, transparency, fault tolerance and security are considered while making DFS. Some open challenges are still there in DFS like fault tolerance in various conditions, optimized architecture of DFS, Synchronization, consistency and replications. Goal of this paper is study evolution of DFS from the history; current state of the art design & implementation of the DFS and propose new approach for efficient replica placement in Hadoop DFS which can improve throughput and data transfer rate.

Deformable Image Registration-Based Automatic CT-to-CT Contour Propagation for Head-and-Neck Cancer Radiation Therapy: Imaging

Reducing the manual workload associated with contouring organs and target volumes at each replanning session is critical for efficient H&N ART implementation in a routine clinical setting. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of using commercially available deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms in VelocityAI and Varian SmartAdapt systems for automatic propagation of physician contours from planning CT to subsequent CT images for head and neck (H&N) adaptive radiation therapy.

Inferring phylogenetic trees using pseudo-Boolean optimization

Phylogenetic inference concerns the construction of the most probable tree of evolution, taking into account the knowledge about organisms we have at our disposal. There are various inference methods for building a phylogenetic tree, each with its set of assumptions about what can happen in Nature. Assumptions limit the expressiveness of the methods, but are necessary for making them viable to use. More recently, computational methods are being used to validate results obtained from manual methods. Computational methods allow to address problems that require the analysis of larger sets of data in order to construct more complete phylogenies.In this paper we propose the use of Pseudo-Boolean Optimization PBO, a well known extension of Propositional Satisfiability SAT, in order to solve the Maximum Compatibility MC problem. Assuming that each organism is associated with a set of characteristics, the goal in the MC problem is to find a phylogenetic tree such that the maximum number of characteristics are compatible. Our contribution is a set of new PBO formulations that improve on the performance of the state of the art tool. Comparative results, using real and generated instances, show that the proposed implementations allow the resolution of problem instances with twice the size of the state of the art implementation.

Parallel spherical harmonic transforms on heterogeneous architectures (graphics processing units/multi‐core CPUs)

SUMMARYSpherical harmonic transforms (SHT) are at the heart of many scientific and practical applications ranging from climate modelling to cosmological observations. In many of these areas, new cutting‐edge science goals have been recently proposed requiring simulations and analyses of experimental or observational data at very high resolutions and of unprecedented volumes. Both these aspects pose formidable challenge for the currently existing implementations of the transforms. This paper describes parallel algorithms for computing SHT with two variants of intra‐node parallelism appropriate for novel supercomputer architectures, multi‐core processors and Graphic Processing Units (GPU). It also discusses their performance, alone and embedded within a top‐level, Message Passing Interface‐based parallelisation layer ported from the S2HAT library, in terms of their accuracy, overall efficiency and scalability. We show that our inverse SHT run on GeForce 400 Series GPUs equipped with latest Compute Unified Device Architecture architecture (Fermi) outperforms the state of the art implementation for a multi‐core processor executed on a current Intel Core i7‐2600K. Furthermore, we show that an Message Passing Interface/Compute Unified Device Architecture version of the inverse transform run on a cluster of 128 Nvidia Tesla S1070 is as much as 3 times faster than the hybrid Message Passing Interface/OpenMP version executed on the same number of quad‐core processors Intel Nehalem for problem sizes motivated by our target applications. Performance of the direct transforms is however found to be at the best comparable in these cases. We discuss in detail the algorithmic solutions devised for the major steps involved in the transforms calculation, emphasising those with a major impact on their overall performance and elucidates the sources of the dichotomy between the direct and the inverse operations.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Vibrational properties of SrCu2O2 studied via Density Functional Theory calculations and compared to Raman and infrared spectroscopy measurements

The SrCu2O2 material is a p-type transparent conductive oxide. A theoretical study of the SrCu2O2 crystal is performed with a state of the art implementation of the Density Functional Theory. The simulated crystal structure is compared with available X-ray diffraction data and previous theoretical modeling. Density Functional Perturbation Theory is used to study the vibrational properties of the SrCu2O2 crystal. A symmetry analysis of the optical phonon eigenvectors at the Brillouin zone center is proposed. The Raman spectra simulated using the derivatives of the dielectric susceptibility, show a good agreement with Raman scattering experimental results.

WE‐A‐BRCD‐01: Stereotactic Radiosurgery: State of the Art Technology and Implementation

Since its introduction nearly 60 years ago, stereotactic radiosurgery has become the standard of care for the noninvasive destruction of intracranial tissues or lesions that may be inaccessible or unsuitable for open surgery. Today, modern stereotactic radiosurgery is practiced using advanced image guided treatment planning and specialized delivery systems including micro‐ MLC equipped linacs, CyberKnife, and Gamma Knife machines. Stereotactic radisourgery delivers a large dose to a precisely defined volume in a short time, and as such requires the utmost attention to precision and quality assurance. Also critical is the meticulous design of treatment processes that eliminate the possibility of potentially disastrous errors. In this presentation we review the fundamental aspects of stereotactic targeting and delivery, the technologies for stereotactic localization and treatment of cranial targets, and the quality assurance aspects associated with establishing and maintaining a clinical radiosurgery program. Examples of radiosurgery cases will be presented from the best practice sites utilizing Gamma Knife, CyberKnife, and linac delivery systems, followed by an expert panel discussion of quality measures for treatment planning and delivery.Learning Objectives:1. Differentiate how radiation is delivered for Gamma Knife, CyberKnife and Linac‐based (conventional and robotic) stereotactic radiosurgery.2. Define the treatment planning parameters, imaging requirements and workflow for Gamma Knife, CyberKnife and Linac‐based stereotactic radiosurgery.3. Discuss measures for assuring accuracy in stereotactic localization and dose delivery for Gamma Knife, CyberKnife and Linac‐based stereotactic radiosurgery.4. Discuss uncertainties and limitations associated with Gamma Knife, CyberKnife and Linac‐based stereotactic radiosurgery

WAVEMOTH-FAST SPHERICAL HARMONIC TRANSFORMS BY BUTTERFLY MATRIX COMPRESSION

We present Wavemoth, an experimental open source code for computing scalar spherical harmonic transforms (SHTs). Such transforms are ubiquitous in astronomical data analysis. Our code performs substantially better than existing publicly available codes due to improvements on two fronts. First, the computational core is made more efficient by using small amounts of precomputed data, as well as paying attention to CPU instruction pipelining and cache usage. Second, Wavemoth makes use of a fast and numerically stable algorithm based on compressing a set of linear operators in a precomputation step. The resulting SHT scales as O(L^2 (log L)^2) for the resolution range of practical interest, where L denotes the spherical harmonic truncation degree. For low and medium-range resolutions, Wavemoth tends to be twice as fast as libpsht, which is the current state of the art implementation for the HEALPix grid. At the resolution of the Planck experiment, L ~ 4000, Wavemoth is between three and six times faster than libpsht, depending on the computer architecture and the required precision. Due to the experimental nature of the project, only spherical harmonic synthesis is currently supported, although adding support or spherical harmonic analysis should be trivial.

Designing a Scalable Fault Tolerance Model for High Performance Computational Chemistry: A Case Study with Coupled Cluster Perturbative Triples.

In the past couple of decades, the massive computational power provided by the most modern supercomputers has resulted in simulation of higher-order computational chemistry methods, previously considered intractable. As the system sizes continue to increase, the computational chemistry domain continues to escalate this trend using parallel computing with programming models such as Message Passing Interface (MPI) and Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) programming models such as Global Arrays. The ever increasing scale of these supercomputers comes at a cost of reduced Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF), currently on the order of days and projected to be on the order of hours for upcoming extreme scale systems. While traditional disk-based check pointing methods are ubiquitous for storing intermediate solutions, they suffer from high overhead of writing and recovering from checkpoints. In practice, checkpointing itself often brings the system down. Clearly, methods beyond checkpointing are imperative to handling the aggravating issue of reducing MTBF. In this paper, we address this challenge by designing and implementing an efficient fault tolerant version of the Coupled Cluster (CC) method with NWChem, using in-memory data redundancy. We present the challenges associated with our design, including an efficient data storage model, maintenance of at least one consistent data copy, and the recovery process. Our performance evaluation without faults shows that the current design exhibits a small overhead. In the presence of a simulated fault, the proposed design incurs negligible overhead in comparison to the state of the art implementation without faults.