Art Approaches Research Articles

Tradition and modernity: Exploring modern ink painting in Malaysia through the cultural identity

This study examines Modern Ink Paintings (MIP) in post-independence Malaysia and demonstrates how Cultural Identity (CI) emerges to express the Chinese ethnic artists’ position within the Chinese diasporic community within a multicultural context. Integrating traditional Chinese ink techniques with local cultural elements and Western Modern Art (WMA) approaches, the notion of hybridity refers more to issues of CI created based on shared cultural values and historical experiences of the Chinese community, serving as an essential experience in the nation-building process of post-colonial Malaysian society. This paper aims to examine modern ink painting in order to demonstrate its significant contribution to the art world of Malaysia. The artists’ considerations reflect broader issues of home and belonging and the revival of “Chineseness” within post-colonial Malaysian society for the Chinese diasporic community living in Malaysia. The research underscores art’s role in nation-building and positions modern ink painting as a testament to the evolving Chinese CI globally.

Transdisciplinary approach in science and art was emphasized

The 5th Scientific Research Summit "Transdisciplinary Approach in Science and Art" program was organized by Üsküdar University Health, Culture and Sports (HCS) Department, Strategic Research and Development Club (ÜSAK).

Art and design entanglements for renewable energy education: Renewable energy art and design approach

The ongoing energy transition presents a necessary shift towards renewable sources, such as wind and solar power, in the face of the challenges presented by the changing climates. This change, however, requires an understanding of the operation of renewable energy systems. In other words, the shift towards clean energy generation demands education. By combining art, design, and renewable energy education the renewable energy art and design (READ) approach provides a path for renewable energy education. READ approach is a customizable and flexible process developed to enable the creation of solar-powered devices while sharing knowledge on diverse subjects such as art, design, electronics, electricity, and computer science. Due to its versatility, READ is expected to enhance energy education and contribute to the transition towards a renewable-powered society.

Adaptive Web Browsing on Mobile Heterogeneous Multi-cores

Web browsing is an important application domain, but it imposes a significant power burden on mobile devices. While the heterogeneous multi-core design offers the potential for energy-efficient computing, existing web browsers fail to exploit the hardware to optimize mobile web browsing. Our work aims to offer a better way to optimize web browsing on heterogeneous mobile devices. We achieve this by developing a machine learning based approach to predict the optimal processor setting for rendering the web content. The prediction is based on the web content, the network status and the optimization goal. We evaluate our approach by applying it to the Chromium browser and testing it on a representative big.LITTLE mobile platform. We apply our approach to the top 1,000 hottest websites across seven typical networking environments. Our approach achieves over 80% of the performance delivered by a perfect predictor. Our approach achieves over 30%, 50%, and 60% improvement respectively for load time, energy consumption and the energy delay product when compared to two state-of-the arts approaches.

ALEXANDER RODCHENKO, GUSTAV KLUTSIS, EL LISSITZKY. SPATIAL PHOTOMONTAGE AS AN ANALOGUE OF MODERN MEDIA

The article examines both The history of The photomontage technique and The process of The emergence of new forms of information transmission based on media that were relevant for The 1920s — cinema and photography. Various design objects are analyzed — from printing to a new class of «media objects». Creation of synthetic forms of art, built on The combination of various communication channels — newsreels, audio broadcasts, photography and typography — a distinctive feature of The post-revolutionary era, a reflection of The theory of «mass action», a new concept of theatrical art, a different social reality, where a slogan, a debate, a rally become a key form of transmitting information. Such types of art and innovative approaches to creating a visual form of communication resonate with modern multimedia challenges.

Experimentovanie s výtvarnou interpretáciou – interpretácia portrétov do textilnej plastiky

In this article, we will focus on artistic experience and artistic interpretation in the context of the application of spatial media within activities aimed at supporting people by using action art and action approaches in connection with a turning point in life. In the text, we focus on artistic interpretation, we describe the possibilities of experimentation within the interpretation from surface medium/painting to spatial medium/soft sculpture.

Domain of Stability Characterization for Power Systems: A Novel Individual Invariance Method

In this paper, we approach the problem of stability in nonlinear systems through a new perspective that views them as a combination of individual artificial systems carefully chosen to simplify the complex structure of nonlinear systems. This is achieved by recasting nonlinear vector fields as an algebraic sum of individual vector fields for which artificial systems with known invariant sets or at least in forms that allow for tractable approximation of their invariant sets. This attempt to restructure nonlinear systems stands out in comparison to other previous attempts like Lure' systems or network based models as a purely mathematical structuring technique that transcends the physical constraints and dependencies within dynamical models and allows the user to creatively construct artificial systems with the sole focus on the overall stability. The theoretical foundation is provided for a theorem about individual invariance to relate the invariant sets of individual artificial systems to the invariant set of their original system in a way that significantly simplifies the task of approximating regions of attraction. Several examples are used to demonstrate this theorem and we also evaluate the use this theorem for the challenging power system stability problems in both AC and DC grids. The proposed method is successfully applied to the IEEE 39- bus New England system, and a DC converter with constant power load giving accurate and realistic estimations of the critical clearing time and stability regions in comparison to state of the art approaches.

Arts-Based Approaches to Priority Setting: Current Applications and Future Possibilities

Background: Arts-based research methods and priority setting research both reflect growing commitments towards public and participant involvement in research activities. This has contributed to a growth of these respective methods across research disciplines and sectors, but their intersection has not been explored. Methods: We conducted a scoping review to map the state-of-the-science of arts-based approaches within priority setting research. We conducted an open search of three databases, conducted reference list mining, and hand-searched two journals to identify relevant articles. Of 5457 records retrieved, 11 met our pre-established inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel to produce narrative and descriptive summaries. Findings: All articles had some degree of health focus. Areas of priority setting centered on chronic illness, hard to reach populations, cancer survivorship, dental reform, and youth. In terms of artistic approaches, the majority of the articles included visual methods, with some articles utilizing multiple art approaches such as music, drawing, and filmmaking. Qualitative methods were used in all articles alongside the arts-based approaches, encompassing techniques such as interviews, discussions, and storytelling. Priority setting activites were mainly facilitated in group settings. The suggested benefits of arts-based approaches included enhancing participant communication, improving accessible research dissemination, and encouraging dialogues on identified health concerns. Challenges with using arts-based approaches included limitations on time and resources. Conclusion: Arts-based approaches to priority setting is an expanding field, with clear applications across various research contexts and priority focal areas. Further attention to the integration of arts-based approaches within priority setting, their theoretical underpinnings, and concurrent development and evaluation of arts-based priority setting methods are warranted.

Comparative analysis of aesthetic and functional aspects of design approaches in the context of contemporary art

Russian aggression against Ukraine has generated global interest in Ukrainian brands. This study analyzes and compares existing folk design approaches in Ukrainian art. The purpose of the article is to analyze and compare existing popular design approaches in Ukrainian art. Methods: theoretical research methods, such as analysis, synthesis, content analysis of scientific literature, and the axiological method, are primarily used. The results showed that Ukrainian art is revealed through various design approaches that help creative people to express ideas, convey emotions, and contribute to the development of culture. In particular, the current direction is ethnodesign, which promotes the maintenance of traditions and national identity, ecological design is aimed at sustainable development, the technological design integrates modern technologies into art, and emotional design attracts and makes art personal for each viewer. Scientific novelty: it is proven that Ukrainian designers are looking for new approaches, using motifs of folk art and synthesizing Ukrainian color, models, and patterns to create original works of clothing, architecture, brands. The conclusions emphasize that ecological design, technological design, and emotional design are promising directions for the development of design approaches, which will become important in the future.

Non-Interiors

This text-based research essay, through the theory and practices of mapping, suggests a non-dichotomous conceptualisation of interiority. It offers to probe the potentials of ambiguities and multiple meanings of an interior rather than the traditional oppositions such as inside-outside, private-public, female-male invoked by the term interior. We argue that interiority is not a fixed entity but a continuously changing state through the relationships formed among the imagined, remembered, and lived spaces of a subject. Our research is centred around a study of filmmaker Chantal Akerman’s Les Rendez-vous d'Anna, which traces filmmaker Anna's encounters with hotel rooms, stations, and trains as she travels through different cities to promote her film. Akerman’s film introduces interiors provoked by uncertain and unfamiliar modes of interiority by interrogating its habitation through the peculiar tactics of filmmaking and viewing. By mapping this filmic interiority, we argue for ‘non-interior’ as a critical and creative way of approaching an interior. Non-interior is not the opposite of interior, nor an in-between position of interior and exterior, yet is concerned with what is unknown, what is excluded, and what is unheeded. It aims to theorise and practise an uncertainty of the interior without assigning a single static definition. The research of a non-interior offers ambiguity, multiplicity, and uncertainty to an interior, allowing us to explore interiority within gradual shades of its materiality as a room, a threshold element, or a piece of furniture. Mapping came to the fore as a method of this research, which performs the filmic topography. It suggests an embodied practice of film viewing, including the authors’ analytical and emotional responses to the encountered representation of the interior. Mapping enables us to explore the potential of filmic representation to blur the presumed definitions and conventional boundaries of the concept of the interior. By mapping filmic interiors, we reveal ambiguous states of the interiors we encountered in the film and multiply their layers of uncertainty. These mapped uncertainties allow the interior to be questioned and the non-interior to be produced. In particular, non-interior draws on the non-dichotomous approaches in art and architecture such as Robert Smithson's ‘non-site’, Pascal Bonitzer’s ‘de-framing’ or ‘off-screen’, and Rosalind Krauss's ‘expanded field’ to explore ambiguity as a critical tool in order to understand the uncertainty of an interior. Mapping of non-interiors proposes architectural theory and representation that consists of fragmented, subjective, situated, and embodied knowledge of interiors.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar IPA melalui Pendekatan STEAM untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar pada Siswa Adi Widya Pasraman

This research conducted because of the lack of teaching materials in general subjects, especially science, at Adi Widya Pasraman. This research aims to develop science-teaching materials using the steam (science, technology, engineering, art, and math) approach to improve students learning outcomes at Adi Widya Pasraman. The method used in this research is Research and Development, with the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation) approach. The stages in the ADDIE approach (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation) namely needs analysis, designing teaching materials, developing teaching materials, implementation and evaluation. The teaching material product that will developed in this research is a Google web site, which can accessed via gadgets or computers. This research carried out at Adi Widya Pasraman in East Kolaka Data collection carried out through observation, interviews, tests, and questionnaires. Data analyzed using validation, evaluation, revision and implementation stages. The results of this research are in the form of needs analysis data, where students really need teaching materials in general learning, which can be accessed easily, and contain material that is adaptive to education at Adi Widya Pasraman, and is easy to implement for students. Based on the needs analysis and literature study carried out, the STEAM (science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics) based science teaching materials at Adi Widya Pasraman are very feasible.

Low SLL enhanced gain proximity coupled linear antenna array for 5G wireless communications

This manuscript presents a proximity-fed linear seven-element array antenna with significantly suppressed cross-polarization level for fifth generation (5G) wireless communications. The proposed structure uses a Chebyshev form of power distribution to couple the non-uniform radiating elements. Generally, a conventional series-fed array with identical and similar number of elements provides a minimum sidelobe level (SLL) of 13.5 dB and a gain up to 14.51 dBi (maximum). However, the proposed array provides SLL lower than −21.11 dB and a gain of 15.54 dBi at 28 GHz. Moreover, measured cross-pol discrimination is observed to be greater than 36 dB in elevation plane and in the azimuth plane as well. The proposed antenna array includes seven rectangular patches of varying widths on the upper substrate and is fed through proximity coupling using slit-loaded segmented feed lines on the lower substrate. The developed array antenna exhibits a 5.82 % fractional bandwidth from 26.52 to 28.11 GHz with a radiation efficiency of 91 %. Experimental and simulation results of vital antenna parameters are in close agreement. The overall radiation behavior of the proposed antenna array is found to be superior when compared with the other state of the art approaches, as shown in a comprehensive comparison table.

Harnessing Instagram's “platform vernacular” during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A case study of Philbrook Museum of Art

AbstractResearchers have been documenting how museums used social networks during the COVID‐19 global health emergency, however, to date there has been limited assessment of museums' uses of Instagram at that time. This article begins to address that gap with a case study of Philbrook Museum of Art's approach to that platform during the early months of the pandemic. We use a mixed‐method inquiry featuring social media analysis and a series of interviews with staff at the museum to analyze the museum's use of Instagram to maintain a presence within followers' lives during this intensely challenging period. To frame our analysis we introduce Gibbs et al.'s (Information, Communication & Society, 2015, 18, 255) concept of “platform vernacular” to digital heritage studies, trialing its use to critically analyze the combination of affordances, practices, and communicative conventions that Instagram convenes for the museum. We find this approach to be both theoretically and practically insightful, with the potential to inform more meaningful, authentic, and transparent interactions between institutions and users within social networks.

Advancing Global Health Equity: The Role of the Liberal Arts in Health Professional Education

AbstractMuch innovation has taken place in the development of medical schools and licensure exam processes across the African continent. Still, little attention has been paid to education that enables the multidisciplinary, critical thinking needed to understand and help shape the larger social systems in which health care is delivered. Although more than half of medical schools in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States offer at least one medical humanities course, this is less common in Africa. We report on the “liberal arts approach” to medical curricula undertaken by the University of Global Health Equity beginning in 2019. The first six-month semester of the curriculum, called Foundations in Social Medicine, includes courses in critical thinking and communication, African history and global political economy, medical anthropology and social medicine, psychology and health, gender and social justice, information technology and health, and community-based training. Additionally, an inquiry-based pedagogy with relatively small classes is featured within an overall institutional culture that emphasizes health equity. We identify key competencies for physicians interested in pursuing global health equity and how such competencies relate to liberal arts integration into the African medical school curriculum and pedagogical approach. We conclude with a call for a research agenda that can better evaluate the impact of such innovations on physicians’ education and subsequent practices.

Annotation for computational argumentation analysis: Issues and perspectives

AbstractArgumentation has long been studied in a number of disciplines, including several branches of linguistics. In recent years, computational processing of argumentation has been added to the list, reflecting a general interest from the field of natural language processing (NLP) in building natural language understanding systems for increasingly intricate language phenomena. Computational argumentation analysis – referred to as argumentation mining in the NLP literature – requires large amounts of real‐world text with manually analyzed argumentation. This process is known as annotation in the NLP literature and such annotated datasets are used both as “gold standards” for assessing the quality of NLP applications and as training data for the machine learning algorithms underlying most state of the art approaches to NLP. Argumentation annotation turns out to be complex, both because argumentation can be complex in itself and because it does not come across as a unitary phenomenon in the literature. In this survey we review how argumentation has been studied in other fields, how it has been annotated in NLP and what has been achieved so far. We conclude with describing some important current and future issues to be resolved.

The Use of Handicraft Art as a Visualization Method to Identify and Understand Chinese Tea Plants

Tea plays a vital role in Chinese culture, impacting all ages and social groups. Its enduring presence across history highlights its significance within Chinese culture. Chinese Language and Culture learners should recognize tea's fundamental role, encompassing types, benefits, and origins. Handicraft art provides a creative approach, visually portraying unique tea characteristics for a deeper understanding. This research assesses handicraft art's effectiveness in recognizing and categorizing Chinese tea plant forms for Chinese language learners at the University Level. This pedagogical tool offers self-expression and creativity, fostering holistic learning experiences. The research engages 55 students to gather insights into the effectiveness of the handicraft art approach. Handicraft art enables exploration from botanical and artistic angles, highlighting its versatile teaching approach. Effective integrating instructional media with content motivates learner engagement and optimizes learning outcomes. This research employs handicraft art to enrich comprehension of Chinese tea culture's plant forms. Through creative expression and visual engagement, learners comprehensively understand the intricate world of Chinese tea culture.

An optimized integrated functional genomics toolkit identifies novel role of SORL1 in microglia

AbstractBackgroundRecent genome wide association studies implicated microglia in the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration; however, the translation of these genetic discoveries is hindered by the current lack of a robust human microglia in vitro model system and standardized protocols for functional genomics assessment. Though microglia differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iMG) could be a promising cellular model, the available differentiation protocols are variable, lengthy and give inefficient, mixed yields, limiting our ability to utilize modern gene editing tools (e.g., CRISPR‐Cas9) in this model for elucidating the functional consequences of disease relevant genes and variants.MethodsIn order to streamline microglia functional genomics, we optimized a highly efficient protocol to differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cells into iMG in two easy steps, offering a significant improvement in purity and time requirement for iMG production. We validated this iMG model system in a robust way through a comprehensive single cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐Seq) study, mass spectrometry‐based proteomics and microglial functional assays. In addition, the iMG differentiation protocol includes sequential iMG harvesting and cell freezing steps, that will allow the researchers to scale up the production of iMG for high‐throughput assays. Furthermore, the toolkit also includes a drug inducible CRISPR‐ON/OFF approach in our newly established microglia model system that enables the investigation of gene function in a temporal fashion. All the data generated as part of the comprehensive validation is publicly available in the form of a searchable online platform (https://jasonchungngo.shinyapps.io/IPSC-derived-Microglia/).ResultsWe used this newly developed integrated microglia functional genomics toolkit, along with human primary microglia freshly purified from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), to investigate the thus far unidentified role of SORL1, an AD associated gene, in microglia. By combining state‐of‐the art (e.g. single cell RNA‐Seq, proteomics and focused CRISPR‐Cas9 screen) and standard (immunohistochemistry on postmortem human aged brain tissues) approaches we established the molecular mechanisms by which SORL1 shapes the functional phenotypes of human microglia. Most interestingly, we have found divergent roles for SORL1 in microglia when compared to neurons.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of cell type specific functional genomics of susceptibility genes in AD.

Adaptive Trend Filtering for ECG Denoising and Delineation.

Standard recordings of electrocardiograhic signals are contaminated by a large variety of noises and interferences, which impair their analysis and the further related diagnosis. In this article, we propose a method, based on compressive sensing techniques, to remove the main noise artifacts and to locate the main features of the pulses in the electrocardiogram (ECG). The motivation is to use trend filtering with a varying proximal parameter, in order to sequentially capture the peaks of the ECG, which have different functional regularities. The practical implementation is based on an adaptive version of the alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) algorithm. We present results obtained on simulated signals and on real data illustrating the validity of this approach, showing that results in peak localization are very good in both cases and comparable to state of the art approaches.

A secure multi‐authority attribute based encryption approach for robust smart grids

AbstractThis paper presents EMBASS, an Enhanced Multi‐Authority Attribute‐Based Encryption System for Smart Grids. EMBASS supports outsourced decryption to devices with limited resources. It also uses a proxy to add fake values to the access policy in order to protect against malicious users. Additionally, a proxy user assistant is utilized to create an intermediate key for each fog node in the decryption process, and a chain decryption technique is used to further delegate the decryption process. The security properties and performance of the proposed system are analyzed, discussed and compared to state of the art approaches. EMBASS has been discussed for usage with smart grids, and experimentation shows that it yields promising results compared to state‐of‐the‐art approaches.

Supporting Students’ Problem Solving Skills Using Science, Technology, Religion, Art, and Mathematics (STREAM) Approach on Sound Wave Concept

This study aims to investigate the effect of using science, technology, religion, engineering, art, and mathematics (STREAM) approach on students' problem-solving skills. The study was carried out in physics subjects, especially sound waves. Sixty high school students from one of the senior high schools in Tangerang Province, Indonesia, were divided into two groups to participate in a quasi-experimental study. Each group completed a particular learning sequence in sound wave topics where students in the experimental class carried out learning with the STREAM approach by following the engineering design process while students in the control class used conventional learning. Students' problem-solving skills were measured by eight essay questions. The study revealed that the STREAM approach had a significant effect on students' problem-solving skills (p<0.05). Students' problem-solving skill score in the experimental class was higher than the students' score in the control class. In addition, based on the comparison of the N-Gain values, the increase in the problem-solving skills of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. The researchers conclude that STREAM is an effective teaching approach that science teachers might also incorporate in their classrooms.