Arfak Mountains Research Articles

Strategi pengembangan ternak Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak, Provinsi Papua Barat

Arfak Mountains Regency has potential resources for agriculture, plantations, livestock, fisheries and forestry. Arfak Mountains Regency is very potential for the development of beef cattle, but many obstacles are faced. So it is necessary to do research to find out the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats or strategies for developing beef cattle in the Arfak Mountains District, West Papua Province. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the development of beef cattle and develop suitable alternative strategies to be applied in the development of beef cattle in the Arfak Mountains District. The alternative strategy that can be done is to strengthen capital in order to compete, expand the market share of beef cattle and improve the quality of beef cattle products.

Nine new species of Enithares (Heteroptera: Notonectidae) from New Guinea, with distributional notes on other species and an updated world checklist.

Nine new species of Enithares are described from New Guinea and immediately adjacent islands: E. peninsularis from the Owen Stanley Mountains of the Papuan Peninsula, E. bosavi and E. papua from southern Papua New Guinea, E. orsaki from northern Papua New Guinea, E. insularis from the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, E. tagula from the Louisiade Archipelago, E. ziwa from the central mountains of western New Guinea, E. arfak from the Arfak Mountains of the eastern Vogelkop Peninsula, and E. kasim from the western Vogelkop Peninsula. Enithares bakeri is newly recorded from New Guinea, and in combination with the new species described above brings the total number of species of Enithares in New Guinea to 16, and the regional total to 19 when including nearby islands of Waigeo, Biak, the D'Entrecasteaux group, and the Louisiade Archipelago. The species concept of E. atra is clarified and geographically restricted to southeastern New Guinea; specimens previously recorded under this name from northern New Guinea are shown to represent the new species E. orsaki. Additional distribution records for 15 previously described Enithares species are provided for many localities in the Malay Archipelago and mainland Southeast Asia, including the first records of E. bakeri from Lombok, Flores, Timor, Halmahera, and Obi; the first record of E. paramegalops from Ambon; the first records of E. gibbera from Kolombangara and Malaita in the Solomon Islands; the first record of E. intricata from Bali; the first records of E. lombokensis from Flores and Sumba; the first records of E. ripleyana from Halmahera, Ternate and Tidore; and the first record of E. ciliata from Borneo. Photomicrographs of key characters and distribution maps are provided for all new species described, accompanied by an updated world checklist for the genus with distributional notes and associated references.

Calodema antonkozlovi sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): una nueva especie de Stigmoderini de las montañas de Arfak, Indonesia

Calodema antonkozlovi nov. sp., known only from the Arfak Mountains, West Papua Province, Indonesia, is described and illustrated. The new taxon can be distinguished from C. bifasciata Neef de Sainval and Lander, 1993 by its wider and more robust body; elytral color bluish black with two yellow fasciae, the anterior one broadest, reaching suture, at lateral margins extending anteriorly and covering part of humerus, and elytral apices with three strongly developed spines.

PERUBAHAN SOSIAL KOMUNITAS SUKU ARFAK KABUPATEN PEGUNUNGAN ARFAK PAPUA BARAT

Changes in society related to changes in social values, norms, patterns of organizational behavior, the composition of social institutions, social interaction. Arfak Mountains Regency formed since 2012 through Law Number 24 of 2012 is the main district which was later divided into South Manokwari Regency and Arfak Mountains. The Arfak mountain community is referred to as the large Arfak tribe because it consists of several sub tribes namely Hatam, Moile, Sough and Meyah. This paper aims to provide an overview and information about social changes that occur in the Arfak tribal community in the Arfak Mountains Regency, West Papua Province. The method used is a literature review of various reports or scientific studies related to the context of social and cultural change in the Arfak tribal community. These materials were analyzed using Herbert Spencer's theories of social change, Talcot Parson, Kingsley Davis's modern theory (Demographic Transition). The results obtained show that social changes in the Arfak tribe in the Arfak Mountains District occur due to changes in the composition of the population, the existence of the Papua Special Autonomy Policy, the inclusion of new innovations, easier transportation, empowerment programs, changes in customary institutions and values and norms that have an impact positive and negative on people's lives.

Threats to the populations of two endemic brushturkey species in Indonesian New Guinea

Half of megapode bird species occur in New Guinea and adjacent islands, and almost all of the species are endemic to this region. Despite rapid regional development and deforestation in New Guinea, little is known about the population ecology of these birds, many of which are threatened or endangered. We used camera traps to assess impacts of anthropogenic disturbance and introduced predators on the occurrence and local abundance of red-legged brushturkey Talegalla jobiensis in lowland forests of Nimbokrang, Papua, and the wattled brushturkey Aepypodius arfakianus in the Arfak mountains, West Papua, Indonesia. In hierarchical occupancy models, detection rates were higher in logged forest for both brushturkey species. Occurrence rates of brushturkeys were not affected by logging, hunting pressure, or pig abundance. However, as degradation of megapode habitat is increasing across New Guinea, it is predicted that concurrent pressures from two or more of these threats could affect the distribution and populations of brushturkeys.

Eurhamphus pancinii, a new species of the genus Eurhamphus Shuckard, 1838 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae: Orthorhinini) from West Papua.

Eurhamphus pancinii n. sp. is described based on a series of specimens collected in West Papua, in the Arfak Mountains and on Yapen Island. The only other species in the genus is Eurhamphus fasciculatus Shuckard known from New South Wales northwards into Queensland in Australia. The new species is distinguished from E. fasciculatus by the pronotum and elytra with the glabrous raised areas between the rows of scales very narrow, and elytra with sutural and interstria 3 low and evenly rounded throughout length, elytra in profile not humped towards base (both sexes), and in males by a shorter, less strongly dorsally granulate rostrum, front and middle tibia with inner margins with a very small subapical tooth, and inner edge of front tibia with only a few short, subapical hairs. Eurhamphus fasciculatus is associated with Hoop Pine, Araucaria cunninghamii and although no plant associations are available for specimens of the new species it is expected to be similarly associated with Araucaria.

A new record of Vaccinium carneolum (Ericaceae) in Indonesian New Guinea

Vaccinium carneolum (Ericaceae), previously known only from Papua New Guinea, has been recently collected from Arfak Mountains, Papua Barat Province. It represents the first record of this species in Indonesian New Guinea. A description and illustration, as well as a brief discussion, are provided.Key words: Ericaceae, New Guinea, Plant taxonomy.Â

Menggali Potensi Sumber Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak Provinsi Papua Barat Melalui Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

The Arfak Mountains Regency is administratively formed in 2012. With the establishment of the Arfak Mountains District as a new autonomous region, all forms of economic levels have been separated from the former regency. Arfak Mountains Regency as an autonomous region is expected to have the ability to manage regional own revenue to finance the administration of the regional government. In achieving the capability in regional financial independence, it is necessary to optimize the sources of regional revenue. The results of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) on the assessment of several alternative policies related to the optimization of sources of regional own revenue in the Arfak Mountains District, are as followed: (1). Increasing revenue capacity through better planning; (2). expanding revenue bases; (3). improving administrative efficiency and reducing collection costs; (4). strengthening collection processes and (5). improving controlling processes. The success of the management of regional own revenue is not only measured by the amount of revenue that can be achieved, but also by the extent to which the regional own revenue can play a role in driving the economy of the community so that it can improve the welfare of the community in this regency.

High diversity of Cetiocyon beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) along an elevational gradient on Mt. Wilhelm, New Guinea, with new records from the Bird's Head Peninsula

A major component of the “Our Planet Reviewed – Papua New Guinea” project was to evaluate insect diversity along an elevational gradient on Mt. Wilhelm (Madang Province, Papua New Guinea), the fourth highest peak in New Guinea. Flight intercept traps were installed at eight sites separated by approximately 500 m in elevation from 200 m a.s.l. to 3700 m a.s.l. Here we focus on the water scavenger beetle genus Cetiocyon (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) collected as part of this project. Cetiocyon species are uniform in much of their external morphology, but diagnostic characters are found in the male genitalia. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that local species diversity was high, and that Cetiocyon species diversity is elevationally structured. A small amount of additional material from western New Guinea (Bird’s Head Peninsula: Arfak Mts.) was also examined. Ten new species are described, seven from Mt. Wilhelm Cetiocyon paweli sp.n., C. depilis sp.n., C. onyx sp.n., C. augai sp.n., C. ibiscanus sp.n., C. mogianus sp.n., and C. gemellus sp.n., and three from the Arfak Mountains: C. jakli sp.n., C. colossus sp.n., and C. hamifer sp.n.. Twelve Cetiocyon species were found on the slopes of Mt. Wilhelm, most of which were only found at one or two neighboring elevations. The largest diversity of species was found at intermediate elevations (1200 – 1700 m). We successfully sequenced the 3’ end of mitochondrial cox1 gene for 10 species, which we used along with morphological characteristics to infer a species level phylogeny and examine the effect of elevation on species diversity. Interspecific genetic distances were significantly lower at higher elevations on Mt. Wilhelm, and our phylogenetic reconstruction suggests that Cetiocyon ancestrally inhabited low or intermediate elevations. As the result of recent research eighteen Cetiocyon species are currently known form New Guinea. An updated identification key to all New Guinean species is included, along with photographs and illustrations of relevant morphological characters.

The structure and composition of vegetation and amphibian diversity in Arfak Mountain, West Papua

Beljai M, Worabai MS. 2018. The structure and composition of vegetation and amphibian diversity in Arfak Mountain, West Papua. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 4: 1-12. The forest formation around Didouhu River, Arfak Mountain District, West Papua Province, Indonesia is a habitat for a number of species of plants and animals of the class of amphibians that are not yet known scientifically. Therefore, information and data on vegetation structure and composition and amphibian diversity in the area are needed. The purpose of this research is to know the structure and composition of vegetation and the diversity of amphibian species in the forest area around Didouhu River. Vegetation data were collected using a combination method of path method and line plot systematic method, while amphibian type data were collected using visual encounter survey method. Vegetation data were analyzed using vegetation analysis method, while amphibian diversity was analyzed by using Shannon-Wiener index (index of species diversity), evenness index, and Jaccard similarity index (similarity index). From the result of vegetation analysis, there are 65 types of vegetation covering 50 types of seedlings with a density of 17,500 individuals/ha, 50 types of sapling with a density of 4,085 individuals/ha, 42 types of pole with density of 506 individuals/ha, and 28 species of tree level with a density of 108 individuals/ha. There were eight types of vegetation with the highest importance value index (IVi) which dominates between three and four growth phases, namely Dodonaea viscosa (IVi=166,80%), Lithocarpus ruvofilosus (IVi=83,68%), Lithocarpus aspericulata (IVi=69,47%), Rhus lamprocarpa (IVi=54.44%), Melicope sp. (IVi=40,41%), Drimys piperita (IVi=39,91%), Pouteria sp. (IVi=34.29%), and Galbulimima belgraveana (IVi=31.85%). The eight types of vegetation are the principal founders of plant communities in forest ecosystems around the Didouhu River. Amphibians are found in four types, namely Litoria arfakiana, Asterophrys sp., Rana grisea, and Lechriodus platyceps. The diversity of amphibian species in the study sites was moderate (H '= 3.14) with low species inter-species similarity (S = 0.17). The level of evenness is high (E = 0.91), where there is one type of L. arfakiana found in two research sites (locations A and B). Overall, the location of the study is quite damp, lots of puddles, riparian vegetation quite dense, and has rocky soil conditions and litter, making it a suitable habitat for amphibians of the Order of Anura.

Wattled Brushturkey hunting system in the Sigim and Sinaitousi communities in the buffer zone of the Arfak Mountain Nature Reserve, West Papua, Indonesia

Manik H, Yurmiaty H, Asmara IY, Handarto, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R. 2018. Wattled Brushturkey hunting system in the Sigim and Sinaitousi communities in the buffer zone of the Arfak Mountain Nature Reserve, West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 849-856. Illegal hunting is still the cause of the decline of wildlife populations in nature. This is particularly the case with protected wildlife and endemic species, such as the Wattled Brushturkey in Palau West Papuan. Thus, research needs to be done on the hunting system at the site. The aim of this research was to know Wattled Brushturkey (Aepypodius arfakianus) hunting system by Sigim and Sinaitousi villagers, Arfak Mountains of West Papua. The research used descriptive method with field observation technique and semi-structured interviews. The results showed that the main purpose of hunting Wattled Brushturkey conducted by the Sigim and Sinaitousi communities is to consume the meat, while a part of egg hunting is for sale. The hunting by the two villagers was generally done in groups. The frequency of hunting depends on needs and demand. Hunting is done using snares, dogs, and combinations of snares and dogs. The tools used are snares, machetes, air rifles, arrows nad bows. The modern tools such as gun have been used in both villages. The hunting of Wattled Brushturkey begins in the morning and continues until late afternoon. The location of hunting is usually primary forest, secondary forest of former garden and river basin.

RANCANG BANGUN KAMPUNG EKOWISATA BURUNG MALEO GUNUNG (Aepypodius arfakianus) BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT HATAM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EKONOMI DAN KONSERVASI SATWA ENDEMIK PAPUA DI PEGUNUNGAN ARFAK

<p>The wildlife on earth is increasingly urged by human life, where forest functions are used as residential and agricultural land. Illegal logging causes destruction of habitat and excessive use of wildlife causing damage to ecological functions in general. Uncontrolled utilization of eggs and fowls of wattled brushturkeys will accelerate the extinction of these animals in natural habitats. On the other hand the dependence on protein and economic needs of communities in the Arfak Mountains is high as evidenced by the widespread of hunting activities conducted with various purposes of utilization. Breeding efforts for the purpose of utilization need to be given attention in relation to the conservation and fulfillment of human needs. Efforts to increase the population of the bird are made through the modification of breeding and captive breeding efforts so as to encourage the acceleration of the bird population in nature and on the other hand the community interest in the fulfillment of protein and economic needs can be accommodated. Therefore, basic knowledge of the wisdom of local communities are need to support the sustainability of this bird in nature. Studies of local community wisdom and natural nest site coverage data need to be immediately obtained to fullfil the purpose. This baseline data is a reference to the establishment of appropriate breeding sites and management is expected to increase the acceleration of this bird population in nature as well as economic improvement through an ecotourism village. This research was conducted in Minyambouw District around Arfak Mountains Nature Reserve for 2 years (2013-2014). The first year study aims to find out the location of active nesting sites and strategic location to serve as a breeding model. Some active bird nests of the bird have been found in the forest of Syoubri village and then mapped based on GPS data. In the second year, the collection of cultural data of the community (local wisdom) as the basis of customary rules that bind the community. Some people (50%) still do hunting for family consumption and income. To overcome this, the community agreed and happy to make the bird and its nest as a tourist attraction. In relation to that there is a need to do management of ecological tourism for the community and creation of a captive breeding programme through a hatchery effort on wattled brushturkey birds.<strong></strong></p>

Kelembagaan Masyarakat dan Struktur Agraria serta Keberlanjutan Sumberdaya Alam di Kawasan Capa

Aim of the research as follows: (1) inquisitive about variation of laws in regulating agrarian resources use, (2) function of traditional law in regulation at used of natural resources and related with existence on natural preservation-in formal law, and (3) inquiring influence outsider intervention to local institutions with the agrarian structure and relationship between expectation agrarian conflict. The unity of the study is Arfak community-as much as local community- was that administrative limited seatle in certain locations around natural preservation area of the Arfak Mountain. The trategy of the research is case study, while analysis of the data with qualitative manner. Result of the research is in the locations study beside property right of local community and movement of Arfak community from high land include at the resettlement programme. Not a problem related with economic subsistence with economic un-security because group property right community give free to the movement community for use to agriculture developing. For developing concept of forest sustainable as nit side to one side, income several NGO as well as role as institution relationship (young-shoot autonomy) for accommodation importance various party supra-village in relationship with existence natural preservation area of the Arfak Mountain and the party of local community in related of security in economic subsistence.

KARAKTERISTIK DAN BAHAN PENYUSUN SARANG MEGAPODA ARFAK (AEPYPODIUS ARFAKIANUS) DI KAWASAN CAGAR ALAM PEGUNUNGAN ARFAK

This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the nesting ground of Wattled Brushturkey (Aepypodius arfakianus), in Sigim village surrounding the Arfak Mountain Nature Reserve. The method used is descriptive method with survey and observation. Composition and characteristics of the nesting ground was analysed through observation and measurement of the studied variables. All the observation results obtained in this study were analysed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that nesting composition was consisted of 65% leaves, 31% twigs, 3,2% soil and 1% of small stones. The average height of the nests was 0,64 m and 1,80 m in diameter.

Traditional Knowledge on The Animal Utilization by The Hatam Tribe of Manokwari, West Papua Province

<p class="IsiAbstrakIndo"><span lang="EN-GB">Animal utilization in traditional community life is an integral part of traditional knowledge itself. This research aims to reveal the Hatam people’s traditional knowledge about the utilization of animals in their lives. The method used is the exploratory survey method. The respondents were determined purposively using the snowball sampling technique. The results showed that there are at least 55 species of animals commonly used by the Hatam people. Based on the forms of utilization, the animals can be divided into six groups: consumption, traditional medicine, specific meanings, traditional technology and arts, significant value, and traditional purposes. Wild animals are most widely used for the living needs of the Hatam people. The traditional hunt that is limited and the communal land ownership system (</span><em><span lang="EN-GB">ulayat</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> system) practiced by the Hatam people have indirectly helped preserve and ensure the availability of wildlife for the Hatam people’s needs. In addition to being a form of documentation of Hatam people’s traditional knowledge, the results of this research also have significance for the development of science especially in the field of ethnozoology. The form of interaction between Hatam people and animals revealed in this research can also serve as a reference for designing development policies related to the presence of Hatam people in the Arfak mountains. </span></p>

STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT OF ECOTOURISM IN NATURAL RESERVATION AREA ARFAK IN MOKWAM VILLAGE AND SURROUNDING

Ecotourism as a form of responsible tour to natural areas conducted with the aim to conserve the environment also preserve the life and the welfare of the local population. This research was conducted in the conservation area of the mountains of Arfak inside at Mokwam, Kwaw and Syou village, Warmare district, Manokwari Regency, has the purposes to know the ecotourism potential, Mokwam society’s attitude towards the ecotourism development and its strategy in conservation areas in Arfak mountains at Mokwam village and its surrounding. The advantage is to expand the development of ecotourism atCAPAarea, can be used as consideration in ecotourism development and also as an alternative to protect the environment and the culture of local population towards the exploitation in order to remain sustainable. The research method use qualitative methods. This method was used to get the data or qualitative description aboutCAPAarea. The data analysis technique use descriptive-qualitative and the analysis of SWOT. The results of this research are potential tourism attractions, accommodations, facilities, accessibility and additional services. The attitude of the local people inCAPAarea now is in the phase of euphoria which is they are supporting the development of ecotourism. The strategies that can be done through the programs such as: product development planning of ecotourism, structuring the organization and the management ofCAPAarea, do marketing of ecotourism product.

Potensi Unggulan Komoditas Pertanian pada Daerah Dataran Tinggi Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak, Papua Barat

New autonomy status of Arfak Mountains Regency has numbers of strategic potencies for being developed. The one is agriculture sector. The objective of this research was to investigate featured potency and its distribution of agricultural products in Arfak Mountains Regency. A field research was done in the year 2015 between November-December. Sampled respondents using questionnaire were interviewed. The finding of this research was that agriculture sector contributed to gross domestic regional was 72.6%. The value of Location of Quotient for horticulture sector contributed by field paddy in Minyambouw District was 2.76 similar to crop production in Sururey, Anggi, Taige, Catubouw, Testega, Donohue, Anggigida, and Hingk Districts. Mays commodity is grown in Member and Minyambouw. Districts having a majority of Location Quotient more than that >1.00 were in Minyambouw, Hingk, and Anggigida with 5 commodities. The higher Location Quotient value was presented in horticulture plants, i.e. 5.87. The Potency of households and labor resources was in the district of Minyambouw and Hingk District In general, Pegaf Regency has agriculture potency of crops, i.e. field paddy, mays, and crops.

A New Species of Hypocystini (Lepidoptera, Satyridae) from the Arfak Mountains, Irian Jaya

A New Species of Hypocystini (Lepidoptera, Satyridae) from the Arfak Mountains, Irian Jaya

A new species of Eupholus Boisduval from West New Guinea (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

Eupholus Boisduval is outstanding among weevils for its large body size and splendid coloration. Nevertheless, some species have eluded discovery until recently. Here we describe E. marielaurae sp. n. from the Arfak Mountains of West New Guinea. We provide morphological and molecular characters to differentiate it from E. cuvierii (Guérin-Méneville).

Incubation behaviour and care of a nestling by a pair of Black Fantails Rhipidura atra

The Black Fantail Rhipidura atra , endemic to the lower montane forests of New Guinea, builds a typical fantail nest. Observations of a nest placed high up in an understorey tree in the Arfak Mountains in Indonesian New Guinea revealed that the male and female of a pair mostly alternated incubation bouts and contributed almost equally to incubation, care of the nestling and nest-defence. Incubation constancy was ~80%. Observations of Black Fantails mobbing potential nest-predators are described.