Arfak Mountains Research Articles

Optimalisasi Pelayanan Publik tentang Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa di Desa Anggra Distrik Minyambou Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak Provinsi Papua Barat

This research aims to determine the role of the village head in increasing community empowerment in the economic sector in Anggra Village, Minyambou District, Arfak Mountains Regency. The data collection method in this research is descriptive qualitative, where this research was carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The data used in this research are primary data and secondary data with the research subjects consisting of the Village Head, BPD, and Community Figures. The research results show that the Village Head in carrying out his role is quite good, this can be seen from the results of improving the community's economy and his role in motivating, facilitating, carrying out his duties, and mobilizing residents in every activity to support success in improving the community's economy. These activities took the form of road construction, bridge construction, field schools, greading and counseling, which were carried out in Anggra Village, Minyambou District, Arfak Mountains Regency, West Papua Province

Senjata Api sebagai Mas Kawin Pada Masyarakat Adat di Pegunungan Arfak Papua Barat

This study aims to analyze the validity of firearms as dowry and the legal consequences arising from the existence of Papuan customary law in the Arfak Mountains of West Papua. This research is a normative-empirical research with a statutory approach and a legal sociology approach. The types and sources of law used in this research are primary data sourced from observation, interviews, and documentation, as well as secondary data derived from literature. Furthermore, the collected data is analyzed with qualitative description. The results showed that: (1) the validity or legality of firearms as a dowry does not apply to the marriage of the mountain people of the Arfak tribe. This is because firearms can only be owned by law enforcement officers and security forces who have permission to use firearms; (2) the legal consequences of the enactment of Arfak tribal customs regarding the provision of firearms as dowry are considered valid because firearms are only a symbol in the customs of indigenous tribes and are considered to have historical values that have been passed down from generation to generation, and are not an aspect that cancels a marriage.

Technical efficiency of traditional agriculture based on local knowledge of smallholder farmers

Increasing productivity is a challenge for small farmers in managing their farms. The objectives of this study were to analyze the technical efficiency of potato farming using local knowledge of traditional agriculture and to analyze the variables that contribute to the technical inefficiency of potato farming in the Arfak Mountains. This study was conducted in three districts of the Arfak Mountains Regency of West Papua Province: Anggi, Sururey, and Hingk. This study used cross-sectional data obtained from structured interviews with 140 farmers. The determinants and efficiency levels were estimated using stochastic frontier analysis. The findings of this study indicate that farmers who implement traditional farming systems with local knowledge have an average technical efficiency of 52%, equivalent to the average technical efficiency value of potatoes in other developing countries without local knowledge of 40–70 percent. The variables of extension frequency, total household income, degree of output commercialization, distance between the farmer’s house and the farm location, and fallow length are the determining factors for farmers' technical efficiency. The implication is that traditional farmers can improve their technical efficiency through technological improvements, the use of appropriate inputs, infrastructure improvements, intensive counseling, and assistance in correctly managing their farms.

Efektivitas pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro sebagai penyedia energi baru terbarukan berbasis komunitas

Indonesia is currently trying to achieve the number 7 sustainable development target in the energy sector through renewable energy. This is evidenced by achieving an electrification ratio of 99.20% in Indonesia, with one of Indonesia's renewable energy potentials in micro hydro to provide electricity in rural areas. This research will discuss the potential for providing micro-hydro power plants (PLTMH) outside Java, especially in West Papua Province. The research was conducted qualitatively, using a comparative study research method to compare research variables, namely the operational efficiency of the Anggi PLTMH in Anggi District, Arfak Mountains, West Papua, and the Kali Ombak PLTMH in South Mare District, Maybrat Regency, West Papua from an environmental aspect (analysis of electricity production from the PLTMH, carbon dioxide emissions resulting from the operation of the PLTMH, and a comparison of environmental impacts based on the type of environmental documents) and social aspects (reduction in the cost of community electricity due to the implementation of the PLTMH, the number of households channeled electricity, and the implementation of community involvement in the management of the PLTMH). The study results show that the Anggi PLTMH is more effective than the Kali Ombak PLTMH in providing micro-hydropower in terms of electricity production capacity, reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, and reduction of electricity costs. PLTMH Anggi can generate electricity of 108.9 kW, reduce carbon dioxide by 2.1693 tons of CO2, and save electricity costs of Rp 4,441,891.608, which is superior to PLTMH Kali Ombak. However, currently, there is still a need for development in the social field in the operation of PLTMH, both PLTMH Anggi and PLTMH Kali Ombak, in the form of community involvement because active community involvement has not yet been realized, both in the planning and maintenance stages of PLTMH and the socialization of environmental impacts based on the type of environmental documents to be able to manage the impact perspective. The community's negative attitude toward PLTMH activities.

Identification of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi associated with Arabica coffee root (Coffea arabica) in the Arfak Mountains region of West Papua, Indonesia

Abstract. Suparno A, Prabawardani S, Nisa DK, Ruimassa RR. 2023. Identification of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi associated with Arabica coffee root (Coffea arabica) in the Arfak Mountains region of West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3207-3213. Coffee is a global commodity widely consumed as a beverage globally and has a high economy. Currently, the trend of drinking coffee is no longer dominated by older people but has become part of the millennial and celebrity lifestyle; therefore, worldwide demand for coffee continues to increase. Efforts to develop area expansion and productivity continue to be pursued. The Arfak Mountains Region of West Papua, located 800 - 2,500 m above sea level (masl), is a potential area for coffee plantations. The local farmers in this area have grown coffee independently and with gradual government support for the last years. Given the benefits of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), which can increase plant growth and productivity, this study aims to identify the types of AMF that are associated with coffee plants in 4 districts, Mokwam, Anggi Giji, Anggi Gida, and Membey in Arfak Mountains region, West Papua. Identification of AMF types was observed based on the morphology of mycorrhizal spores. The research was conducted using the observation method with a purposive sampling technique from November 2022 to March 2023. Based on the observation, the coffee plants in 4 districts were associated with AMF. The types of AMF associated with coffee in Mokwam were more numerous than in other locations, namely the Acaulosporaceae Genus with five species, Glomeaceae Genus with five species, one species of Simiglomus sensu stricto, one species of Funneliformis sensu stricto, and one species of Septoglomus sensu stricto. AMF in Anggi Giji District consisted of Acaulosporaceae Genus with two species, Glomeaceae Genus with four species, while in Anggi Gida District consisted of Acaulosporaceae Genus with one species, Glomeaceae Genus with three species, one species Septoglomus sensu stricto. AMF species in the coffee plants of the Membey District are the Acaulosporaceae Genus with three species, the Glomeaceae Genus with two species, and one species of Septoglomus sensu stricto. From the soil analysis results, the soil fertility level is low; conversely, the mycorrhizal presence level is higher because of the more infertile soil, the more active mycorrhiza.

The Development Model of Ecotourism Management in Gunung Botak, the South of Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province, Indonesia

The South of Manokwari Regency has many kinds of tourism objects with specifications characteristic of natural landscapes i.e., coastal ecotourism (marine ecotourism), and high land ecotourism (i.e., Gunung Botak areas and Arfak Mountains). This article is a review based on the research and the justification of scientific writing with purposed: to review and analyze the potential of Gunung Botak Ecotourism, the suitability and carrying capacity, the performance of regional of tourism social-economic in The South of Manokwari Regency that could be developed as the ecotourism object in national and international’s class and to designed the Development Model of Ecotourism Management in Gunung Botak. The determination of the ecotourism object has done based on the exploration assessment about the object and attractions in a score determination. The assessment of suitability and carrying capacity with scientific justifications i.e. (1) natural ability to tolerate human disturbance or distress, and (2) standard the authenticity of natural resources. The quality of natural scenery (lanscape) there would be the degree of quality Gunung Botak Ecotourism categories scores >19 (Clas A, High Quality). Ecotourism activity in Gunung Botak consists of recreation, sports tourism in a natural hollow and camping, with wide areas is 5063.5 m2. The projections of potential regional income in entrance fee tariff from foreign tourist is Rp. 35.550.000,-/day and domestic tourism is Rp.1.135.000,-/day. The management strategy of development Gunung Botak ecotourism in South Manokwari Regency could be done with determined the segmentation of ecotourism marketing.

Assistance for generative nurseries and the use of Biofungicides (Trichoderma spp.) for coffee farmers in the Mokwam District, Kampung Kwau Manokwari

Coffee plant (Coffea arabica) is a superior plant to be developed in the Arfak mountain region due to suitable agro-climatic conditions. The way to develop it can be done in various ways, one of which is to develop it independently using seeds from farmers' gardens. This goal can be achieved if the local farming community is able to prepare seeds that have high growth potential and are healthy, free from pests and diseases, especially diseases that are transmitted through the soil (seed born pathogens). The method used includes first, mentoring and discussion at the Kwau Village Hall which includes lectures and discussions about generative nurseries and the use of Trichoderma spp to treat soil borne diseases. The second method is a demonstration of how to plant cocoa seedlings in the farmer's garden accompanied by the application of Trichoderma spp. Both methods were successfully implemented and the community showed high enthusiasm as seen from the questions asked. In this mentoring activity, 60 coffee seedlings were distributed to be developed by coffee farmers.

Pendampingan pembibitan generatif dan penggunaan Trichoderma Spp. kepada petani Kopi Di Distrik Minyambouw

Coffee plant (Coffea arabica) is a superior plant to be developed in the Arfak mountain region due to suitable agro-climatic conditions. The way to develop it can be done in various ways, one of which is to develop it independently using seeds from farmers' gardens. This goal can be achieved if the local farming community is able to prepare seeds that HAVE high growth potential and are healthy, free from pests and diseases, especially diseases that are transmitted through the soil (seed born pathogens). The method used includes first, mentoring and discussion at the Kwau Village Hall which includes lectures and discussions about generative nurseries and the use of Trichoderma spp to treat soil borne diseases. The second method is a demonstration of how to plant cocoa seedlings in the farmer's garden accompanied by the application of Trichoderma spp. Both methods were successfully implemented and the community showed high enthusiasm as seen from the questions asked. In this mentoring activity, 60 coffee seedlings were distributed to be developed by coffee farmers. Keywords: Arabica coffee; Kwau; Trichoderma spp.

Application of x-means alghorithm for district/city clustering based on povetry rate in Maluku Islands and Papua

Based on the Central Statistics Agency in 2022, the percentage and number of poor people according to islands in March 2022 explained that the largest number of poor people are on Maluku Island and Papua, 19.89 percent. This research used data mining techniques with the X-Means Clustering method. The data in this study was taken from the website of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Maluku, North Maluku, Papua, and West Papua consisting of 63 regencies/cities with 8 variables. Then all the data was processed with Rapidminner and produced 3 clusters, namely cluster 0 consisting of Buru, Western Seram, Central Halmahera, Sula Islands, South Halmahera, North Halmahera, East Halmahera, Morotai Island, Jayapura, Nabire, Biak Numfor, Paniai, Pucak Jaya, Mimika, Tolikra, Nduga, Puncak and Manokwari. Cluster 1 consists of Tanimbar Islands, Southeast Maluku, Aru Islands, Eastern Seram, Southwest Maluku, South Buru, Tual, West Halmahera, Taliabu Island, Ternate, Tidore Islands, Yapen Islands, Boven Digoel, Mappi, Asmat, Star Mountains, Sarmi, Keerom, Waropen, Supiori, Mamberamo Jaya, Central Mamberamo, Yalimo, Dogiyai, Intan Jaya, Deiyai, Fakfak, Kaimana, Wondama Bay, Bentuni Bay, South Sorong, Sorong, Raja Ampat, Tambrauw, Maybrat, South Manokwari and Arfak Mountains and cluster 2 consisting of Central Maluku, Ambon, Merauke, Jayawijaya, Yahukimo, Lanny Jaya, Jayapura City, and Sorong City.

A new species of Freycinetia Gaudich. (Pandanaceae; Freycinetoideae) with pseudopetioliform leaves from Arfak Mountains, Papua, Indonesia

A new species of Freycinetia Gaudich. (Pandanaceae; Freycinetoidea) with obvious pseudopetiolate basal leaf from Mount Tombrok in the vicinity of the Arfak Mountains, West Papua, Indonesian New Guinea, is newly described as Freycinetia pseudopetiolata A.P.Keim, K. Kartawinata & W. Sujarwo. The possession of the pseudopetiolate basal leaf form places this new species in the section Pseudopetiolosae; thus marking the first presence of the section for mainland New Guinea.

PROYEKSI PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK KABUPATEN PEGUNUNGAN ARFAK MENGGUNAKAN MODEL LOGISTIK

Arfak Mountains Regency is an expansion area of Manokwari Regency which was formed based on the law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 24 of 2012 concerning the expansion of Arfak Mountain Regency in West Papua Province. The population growth of the Arfak Mountains Regency which has increased after the expansion can cause social problem in the area. social problems arising from the increase in population can be anticipated by using population growth projection. The purpose of this paper is to determine the logistic model and project population growth in the Arfak Mountains Regency. The results of this study are the mathematical model of population growth in the Arfak Mountains Regency using the logistic model is:
 
 The projected population growth of Arfak Mountains Regency in 2030 is people with an intrinsic growth rate of which is .

Push And Pull Factors for People Living in the Mountains of Arfak in Manokwari City

This study aims to determine 1) the characteristics of the people of Arfak who migrated to the city of Manokwari ; 2) the driving factors for the migration of the Arfak people from their home villages, and 3) the pull factors for the migration of the Arfak people to the city of Manokwari . To obtain data, the study used a descriptive approach through survey activities to the Arfak community living in the city of Manokwari as a case. The case of this research is the mobility or migration of the Arfak community as the main ethnic group in Manokwari Regency. The results showed that the main driving force behind Arfak mountain residents leaving their villages was economic factors, namely in their home villages they did not have adequate educational facilities, limited employment opportunities only relied on agriculture and forest labor, transportation and communication facilities were still lacking , the price of goods was limited. basic necessities are expensive, and the fear of being attacked by suanggi . Meanwhile, the issue of differences of opinion within the church, land disputes, and cold weather conditions do not always have an effect. While the main pull factor so that Arfak residents are interested in moving to the city of Manokwari are because the reasons in the city are good health and education facilities and services, available jobs, easy access to government, and guaranteed security.

Push And Pull Factors for People Living in the Mountains of Arfak in Manokwari City

This study aims to determine 1) the characteristics of the people of Arfak who migrated to the city of Manokwari ; 2) the driving factors for the migration of the Arfak people from their home villages, and 3) the pull factors for the migration of the Arfak people to the city of Manokwari . To obtain data, the study used a descriptive approach through survey activities to the Arfak community living in the city of Manokwari as a case. The case of this research is the mobility or migration of the Arfak community as the main ethnic group in Manokwari Regency. The results showed that the main driving force behind Arfak mountain residents leaving their villages was economic factors, namely in their home villages they did not have adequate educational facilities, limited employment opportunities only relied on agriculture and forest labor, transportation and communication facilities were still lacking , the price of goods was limited. basic necessities are expensive, and the fear of being attacked by suanggi . Meanwhile, the issue of differences of opinion within the church, land disputes, and cold weather conditions do not always have an effect. While the main pull factor so that Arfak residents are interested in moving to the city of Manokwari are because the reasons in the city are good health and education facilities and services, available jobs, easy access to government, and guaranteed security.

Analisis faktor internal dan eksternal pengembangan perkebunan rakyat kopi Arabika di Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak Provinsi Papua Barat

Arfak Mountains Regency is part of West Papua Province with an undulating to mountainous topography that spreads at an altitude of 800 – 3,000 m above sea level with the main livelihood of its community is farming highland vegetables. This region has a very suitable and potential climate for the development of Arabica coffee. Arfak Mountains Regency also has 2 lakes at an altitude of 2000 m above sea level, so the existence of coffee plantations can support the development of ecotourism in this area. The development of community coffee plantations is not as good as cocoa plantations. This is presumably due to the difficulty of the transportation of marketing results in the past. However, in line with the current infrastructure development, regional development progress, and the growth in the coffee economic value, the development of coffee plantations based on community plantations require significant attention. To be more focused on the development of arabica coffee in the Arfak Mountain Regency, it is necessary to be attentive to internal and external factors as the basis of policy making. This study aims to analyze internal factors (IFE) and external factors (EFE) in coffee farming communities in Anggi Gida District and Anggi Giji District. The results of the IFE and EFE analysis show that farmers in Anggi Giji District have more opportunities (quadrant I: 2.79;2.79) to develop coffee than farmers in Anggi Gida District (quadrant I: 2.61; 2.25). Based on the SWOT analysis both in Anggi Gida District and in Anggi Giji District, the development of Arabica coffee community plantations must implement a strategy to optimize land (S1, S2, O2, O3, O4), improve technical skills (W3, O1, O2, O4), optimize farmer group institutions (S3, S4, T1, T2, T3, T4), and open a marketing network (W2, T3, T4).

EFL Teaching Material Development for Junior High Schools in Arfak Mountains Regency, West Papua

This Research discusses about teaching attractive materials that are suitable for the students and situation in Junior High Schools in Arfak Mountains Regency. This research aims to identify kinds of teaching attractive materials that suitable to the students and situation in Junior High Schools in Arfak Mountains Regency, and to indicate some types of teaching attractive materials chosen that can be developed by English teachers concerning to availability of the equipment needed in Arfak Mountains Regency. This research used Qualitative method, and the data is collected from observation or interview. The result of this research is found there are only some that might be able to be adopted to use in teaching English in SMP Arfak Mountain Regency. Those are realia, games (board race, Simon says, board jumble race, and hot seat), audio/tapes, and pictures. To develop those types of teaching materials, teachers are expected to be able to create their own teaching materials proposed.

Reinterpreting local wisdom of Rumah Kaki Seribu as sustainable architecture

Awareness of the increasing global issues regarding global warming and climate change has encouraged building designers to look back on knowledge of traditional architecture as energy-efficient and sustainable solutions. This study focuses on the traditional architecture of Rumah Kaki Seribu as sustainable architecture. Rumah Kaki Seribu is a traditional architecture located in the Arfak Mountains, West Papua, inhabited by the Arfak Tribe. Each architectural element of Rumah Kaki Seribu has a different sustainability value. The sustainability value of Rumah Kaki Seribu discussed is the concentration on the fireplace element and the roof element. The fireplace and roof elements were analyzed using the eco-cultural concept of the six competing logics of sustainable architecture by Simon Guy and Graham Farmer. Eco-cultural logic is a logic that is closely related to traditional architecture. The characteristics of sustainable buildings that use eco-cultural logic can be determined by looking at several parameters, namely the image of space, the source of environmental knowledge, the building image, technologies, and the idealized concept of place. The study aims to learn traditional architecture as a design approach to understand and respect the environmental context for solutions to global issues that occur.

THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACH TO CONFLICT MANAGEMENT BY KODAM XVII KASUARI IN WEST PAPUA

After the incident of the attack on a military rayon command post in Kisor, Maybrat, West Papua Province occurred, people felt scared & threatened, and decided to flee to the forest. In addressing this situation, the Regent of Maybrat called on his people who were still displaced to return to their respective homes or villages. The addition of personnel of Kodam XVIII Kasuari in that location was not for a military operation but rather looking for the perpetrators of criminal acts of terrorism because they had caused tremendous fear in the local community, making them flee into the forest. This study aimed at examining the subject matter based on the scope and identification of the aforementioned problems through a normative juridical approach. Moreover, the researchers also included juridical-historical and juridical-political approaches based on the scope and identification of the problems. In this study, the researchers applied normative and empirical legal research methods at the same time. However, the researchers focused more on the normative legal research method, while the empirical legal research method was used to obtain supporting information. The object of this study was Kodam XVIII Kasuari which always tries to eliminate the bad culture of the Arfak mountain community, especially daily activities that clash with criminal acts (e.g., presenting firearms as a dowry). In addressing this problem, Kodam XVIII Kasuari had used various ways with the anthropological approach. This approach had been fully implemented by soldiers in West Papua within the framework of territorial operations in the aspect of education, raising awareness, and enforcing national laws in the communities in West Papua.

Pengembangan Produk Minuman Tonikum Kulit Kayu Akway (Drymis piperita): Prospek Penambah Stamina Tubuh Secara In Vivo

Akway bark (Drymis piperita) from Papua is widely used by local people in Arfak Mountains of West Papua to increase stamina. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical quality and tonic effects of Akway bark (bark tonic drink D. piperita) on mice (Mus musculus). The swimming resistance used to determine the tonic effect of mice (24 individuals) which divided into 6 groups. Group I was given water, group II tonic drink base, group III as positive control of 50 mg caffeine energy drinks, groups IV, V, and VI were given bark tonic drink 10mg /kg body weight, 30 mg/kg body weight, and 50mg /kg body weight respectively. The total period swimming until fatigue was measured and used as an index of swimming capacity. The results of  physical quality of the Akway bark tonic drink has a sweet and sour taste, with clear dark brown color, had distinctive aroma with pH of 4, and its volume was 100 ml with solubility deposits on day 21. The results of pre-clinical testing shown the highest dose was 50 mg/ weight swimming time 9.28 minutes and having better stamina. The next was with dose of 30 mg/kgBW, swimming for for 6.01 minutes and the last was dose of 10 mg /kgBW swimming for 3.23 minutes. The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that it was significantly different between the 10 mg/kgBW, 30 mg/kgBW and 50 mg/kgBW groups. Key words: drink; D. piperita tonic; effect; mice; Papua.Â

A new species of Syzygium (Myrtaceae) from the Bird’s Head Peninsula, western New Guinea

Syzygium oransbariense Mustaqim, Y.W.Low & Heatubun (Myrtaceae) is here formally described. This species is found in the lowlands on the eastern flank of the Arfak Mountains, Bird’s Head Peninsula, western New Guinea. The species is similar to Syzygium longipes (Diels) Merr. & L.M.Perry, but differs based on a set of diagnostic morphological characters. Species description, distribution, a preliminary conservation status assessment, and notes on the new species are presented here.

Odonata Diversity Around the Arfak Mountains, West Papua

West Papua is known to harbor high biodiversity and endemicity. Odonata is one taxon that has a high diversity and endemism and plays an important role as an environmental bioindicator. As with many other taxa, field research on the diversity, distribution, and habitat of dragonflies is still very limited in West Papua. Yet, its habitats are under threat due to forest and land conversion for infrastructure developments. This study was designed to document the diversity of Odonata around the Arfak Mountains; especially in Uyehegbrik Village (Prafi District), Hijou Village (Neney District) and Anggra Village (Minyambou District). Data was collected using the purposive sampling technique. The Shannon Diversity Index and t-test were used to calculate and compare species diversity at each research location; and Sorensen Index was used to analyze the similarity of species in each location. About 21 species from 7 families were recorded during this study, 10 of which species are likely new. Our main conclusions include: the Shannon Weaner Index (H’) at the study sites 1.43-1.89 indicates moderate diversity; standing water is the main habitat of dragonflies; the temperature has positive, but weak correlation with species diversity and species abundance. Discovery of new species indicates that this area remains understudied.