Areas Of Self-esteem Research Articles

대학생들의 다차원적 완벽주의, 자아존중감, 대인관계능력이 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향

Objectives This study investigated university students’ multidimensional perfectionism, self-esteem, interpersonal competence, and psychological well-being, and their correlations, and the effects of multidimensional perfectionism, self-esteem, and interpersonal competence on their psychological well-being. Methods A total of 207 students, ranging from first to fourth year, participated in the study. Tests were conducted to measure their multidimensional perfectionism, self-esteem, interpersonal competence, and psychological well-being. The collected quantitative data were first analyzed using descriptive statistics for all four areas. Then Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlations among the overall areas and the detailed correlations among the sub-factors. To determine the effects of the independent variables on the dependent variable, stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. Results First, descriptive statistical analysis revealed that the levels of multidimensional perfectionism, self-esteem, interpersonal competence, and psychological well-being perceived by the participating students were in order of self-esteem, interpersonal competence, psychological well-being, and multidimensional perfectionism. Second, Pearson correlation analysis found that, with the exception of multidimensional perfectionism, there were significant positive correlations among the three areas of self-esteem, interpersonal competence, and psychological well-being. Among these, self-esteem and psychological well-being showed the highest correlation. Third, among the three independent variables, self-esteem was found to have the greatest impact on psychological well-being, accounting for 53.4%, and interpersonal competence 6.8%. Conclusions The results of the study promote our understanding of university students’ multidimensional perfectionism, self-esteem, interpersonal competence, and psychological well-being. They also provide pedagogical implications that universities should highlight the importance of self-esteem and interpersonal competence as significant factors influencing students' psychological well-being, and that support is warranted for educational programs to cultivate them.

Comprehensive preoperative psychological assessment of breast cancer patients

ABSTRACT In the context of the traumas suffered by patients following the oncological diagnosis and the expectation of the surgical intervention, it is important to unitary and multidimensional identify the psychological status, using a single interview structured to cover these psychological vulnerabilities. The overall psychological picture can help the psycho-oncologist to adapt his psychotherapeutic interventions to relieve the stress caused by the oncological diagnosis and specific treatment. 58 patients with a breast cancer diagnosis and 61 patients with breast lumps diagnosis who were waiting for the histopathological result, received several scales for assessing emotional distress, the level self-esteem, depression, anxiety and cognitive dysfunctions levels. The analysis of the answers led to the multidimensional identification of differences between the two categories of patients and establishing correlations between personality traits and the development of certain psychological changes. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between patients with breast cancer and those with breast lumps awaiting histopathological diagnosis, in the areas of self-esteem, depression and cognitive schemas. Diagnosed patients have predominantly dysfunctional attitudes such as negative emotions and cognitive schemas related to catastrophe and self-deprecation, while undiagnosed patients, have cognitive schemas related to low tolerance for frustration and absolutist requirements and lower dysfunctional attitudes. A global assessment with a single psychological tool can capture the overall picture of the cancer patient, including possible triggers and maintenance of symptoms, with the psychological consequences of the disease that are reflected somatically, as well as predisposing factors in the history that generates these feelings.

Self-esteem and social development according to participation in school sports club.

The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of the middle school sports club and to understand the impact on the self-esteem and social development of middle school students participating in the school sports club. To achieve the purpose of this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 450 students by selecting a middle school. Of the 420 collected questionnaires, 399 questionnaires were used as a valid sample. As a result of examining seven areas of self-esteem, self-esteem in five areas excluding domestic ego and personality ego was highest in the group that participated in the league. As a result of examining the difference in social development according to the type of participation in school sports clubs, the league participation group was higher in all five areas. As a result of examining the difference in self-esteem according to the period of participation in school sports clubs, the group participating in the league was high in six areas excluding physical ability, however, it was difficult to see a statistically significant difference. As for the factor related to physical ability, the group with the longest participation period of 13 months or longer was the highest, and there is a statistically significant difference. As a result of examining the difference in social development according to the period of participation in school sports clubs, the group under 6 months was the highest in four areas other than physical activity. Physical activity was highest in the group over 13 months.

The degree to which the Hussein labor and construction camps contribute to the development of the self-esteem of the participants in Jordan: درجة مساهمة معسكرات الحسين للعمل والبناء في تنمية تقدير الذات لدى المشاركين بها في الأردن

The study aimed to identify the degree of the contribution of Al-Hussein camps for work and construction in developing the self-esteem of the participants according to the variables of gender and region, and the researchers used the descriptive approach for its suitability to the nature of the study. The Al-Hussein labor and construction camps in developing the self-esteem of the participants were high. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences in self-esteem due to the gender variable (male - female). The results also indicated that there were no differences in the level of self-esteem attributable to the variable of the region (north, center and south) in all areas of self-esteem except for the field of self-affirmation in which statistically significant differences appeared in favor of the northern region. In light of the findings of the study, the two researchers recommend increasing attention to the topic of self-esteem among young people participating in the activities and programs of Al-Hussein camps for work and construction, through the Ministry of Youth taking the necessary measures to raise the level of self-esteem of the participants and create the appropriate atmosphere to achieve this goal. And holding programs and activities that provide young men and women with the necessary skills that contribute to the development and strengthening of their self-esteem.

Impact of problematic internet use on the self-esteem of adolescents in the selected school, Kerala, India

BackgroundInternet use is one of the essential tools of our present-day society whose impact is seen on adolescents such as increased use of the internet because they have free easy and daily access to the internet. Problematic internet use has become a global phenomenon that causes serious problem to the affected individual leading to impairment in psychological well-being. AimThe present study aims to assess the level of problematic internet use and self-esteem among adolescents in selected schools, Kochi, Kerala, India. SettingThe study conducted in Private Aided School, in Kothamangalam Thaluk of Ernakulam Dist., Kerala. MethodThe study with the cross-sectional design was conducted for a period of one month among 60 students and participants were selected using non-probability, convenient sampling. The samples were provided with a self-administered questionnaire after obtaining written consent from their parents and the students. ResultKarl-Pearson coefficient indicated a significant negative correlation between self-esteem and Internet addiction (r = −0.649 and p < 0.001). ConclusionThe use of internet has been found to have a powerful impact on adolescents, especially in areas of self-esteem, and at times, it may affect their social life and relationship with the family.

The development of an augmented reality device for the autonomous management of the electric bed and the electric wheelchair for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a pilot study

Purpose The main aim of this Human Centred Design project was to develop the Environment COntrol in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ECO-ALS) System, a new device which could improve ALS patient’s autonomy in controlling the environment. Moreover, we verified the feasibility and usability of this technology in ALS patients in advanced stages of the disease. Material and methods Twelve ALS patients in advanced disease stage were recruited, two patients for the development phase and ten patients and their caregivers for the two weeks’ trial phase. We evaluated the impact of the ECOALS system by administering the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS), the Individual Prioritised Problem Assessment (IPPA), the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) and the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI). Results In the trial phase, patients were very satisfied for having recovered their autonomy in the management of the EAB, that enabled patients to reduce calls to their caregivers to change their bed position. The IPPA questionnaire showed a significant improvement in patients’ participation and management of the system. Moreover, the PIADS questionnaire showed that patients perceived a progress in competence, adaptability and areas of self-esteem, confirming a positive psychosocial impact of the patients’ assistance device. Conclusion The project has collected some useful information for technological system development to face the need for autonomy ALS patients. Patients were satisfied with the tested aids and were interested in the future developments. Further studies are needed to improve the system and overcome some technical problems that occurred during the project. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILIATION The ECO-ALS system seems to improve the patients' perceived autonomy. The ECO-ALS system seems to improve the patients' perceived progress in competence, adaptability and areas of self-esteem, confirming a positive psychosocial impact of the assistance device. The ECO-ALS system seems to improve the patients' perceived quality of life. Patients were satisfied with the tested aids and were interested in the future developments.

Impact of social media on the health of children and young people.

This paper reviews the literature on the impact of social media on the health of children and young people. Relevant papers were identified from Medline, Embase and PsycINFO databases. The studies identified that the health impact of social media on children and young people was greatest on mental health and specifically in the areas of self-esteem and well-being, with related issues around cyberbullying and 'Facebook Depression', with an association between the use of social media and self-esteem and body image. However, it is difficult to determine the cause and effect, which is likely to be related to the nature of the young person. There is little work on the impact of social media on younger children. More research is needed to identify those most at risk of harm from social media and risk mitigation strategies to assist health-care professionals to provide essential education for parents and young people.

Health-related quality of life in children with disorders of sex development (DSD)

Disorders of sex development (DSD) are rare genetic conditions resulting in atypical development of the sex organs. While some evidence is available on psychosexual outcomes, much less is known about the quality of life in this population, especially in children. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a widely accepted endpoint for assessment and evaluation of interventions and medical care. Within the German DSD Network study, 86 children aged 8-12 years with several subtypes of DSD were recruited from Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Demographic, medical and psychosocial variables were collected through interviews of the attending physicians, the children and the parents. HRQOL was the primary outcome. It was assessed by the KINDL-R Questionnaire [2001]. Psychosexual determinants included gender identity/gender dysphoria, gender role behaviour, the child's knowledge about the condition and number/timing of genital surgery. A significant reduction of HRQOL was reported in children's self-report (p < 0.001), in particular in the area of self-esteem (p < 0.001), physical well-being (p < 0.01) and school functioning (p < 0.05). Girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia who experienced gender dysphoria reported lower HRQOL scores compared to the study group at large. Atypical gender role behaviour was not associated with HRQOL. Psychosocial support of children with DSD and their families appears to be necessary in at least some cases and must be accessible for all patients.

Evaluation of child and parent outcomes after a pediatric cardiac camp experience

This study evaluated the effects of a cardiac camp experience on children with heart disease and their parents. A repeated measures design was used with 49 parent-child dyads. Repeated measures evaluated the effects of camp on anxiety, attitude toward illness, and psychosocial functioning of the children. Parental anxiety was also evaluated. Results demonstrated decreases in parent anxiety, decreases in child trait anxiety, and positive psychosocial outcomes in the areas of self-esteem, social, physical, and emotional functioning. Findings can be used to support decisions for those contemplating a camping experience for the child with heart disease.

The Effects of Musical Activity on the Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy of Patients With Schizophrenia: A Cultural Study in West Bengal, India

Studies into the effects of therapeutic music making in the treatment of mental illness have increased dramatically in the last decade, but there still remains a dearth of research into its effects in developing countries such as India. Of particular importance in India, where the stigma associated with mental illness is still prominent, is low self-esteem and self-efficacy in people with disorders such as schizophrenia. Using a qualitative approach, this study explored the views of the participants on the effects of musical activity, at a psychiatric treatment and rehabilitation center in India. Five main themes were interpreted from interview transcripts: therapy, moti- vation, mood, self-efficacy, and self-esteem, suggesting that the patients find the sessions to be therapeutic overall, including in the areas of self-esteem and self-efficacy.

Design Structures: Improving the quality of in-class design critiques

This article reports on a critiquing method called Design Structures that incorporates cooperative learning and teaching strategies in order to improve student participation during in-class design critiques (crits). The approach was used in a first-year design course and the quality of experience for students during whole-class crits was compared with the quality of experience for students during Design Structures group crits. Quality of experience levels were consistently higher overall for students during the Design Structures crits – specifically in the areas of self-esteem, perceived importance of task, challenge and skill. Furthermore, more design students reported being ‘in flow’ and less apathetic during decentralized crits using Design Structures methodology than during centralized crits utilizing teacher-led, whole-class instruction strategies. This article also offers suggestions to design educators for effectively incorporating cooperative learning methodology such as Design Structures into their pedagogy.

Educação em saúde para a prevenção do câncer cérvico-uterino

Este estudo se trata do relato de uma experiência vivenciada por graduandos de Medicina e Enfermagem participantes do PET-Saúde da Universidade de Brasília, cujo objetivo foi realizar atividades de educação em saúde dentro do tema prevenção de câncer cérvico-uterino nos municípios de Ceres e Santa Isabel, Goiás. Para tanto, foram feitas diferentes ações comunicativas, tais como: confecção e distribuição de cartazes/panfletos; produção de um programa de rádio; e promoção de rodas de conversa na sala de espera das unidades básicas de saúde. Essa atividade se mostrou como uma oportunidade de compartilhar experiências e sentimentos, bem como discutir ideias e conceitos visando a construir um novo conhecimento, com contribuições do saber teórico dos acadêmicos e do saber prático das usuárias. As dúvidas e questionamentos das usuárias estavam de acordo com os apontados trazidos pela literatura, e as atividades mostraram-se uma boa forma de esclarecer as dúvidas das usuárias e aproximar sistema de saúde e população, bem como de promover a educação em saúde, especialmente no âmbito da autovalorização, da prevenção e da promoção da saúde.

Integrated description: A qualitative method for an evidence-based world.

Integrated description is a phenomenological research method that brings qualitative and quantitative findings together in a way that balances the strengths and weaknesses of each approach. However, this approach is not merely a mixture of methods as it begins with a phenomenologically derived general structure of an experience or phenomenon and ends by confirming the validity of this structure via traditional empirical measures. This method has been applied to the research and clinical settings with reasonable success. For example, the approach has produced results that are used in mainstream psychological journals and textbooks, demonstrating that humanistic work can stand on its own and yet give voice to mainstream psychology. To demonstrate its character, the article begins with a review of a particular application of the method in the area of self-esteem. The conclusion focuses on how integrated description could help strengthen the humanistic contribution to mainstream psychology even in regard to t...

PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS IN PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING, ROLE/SOCIAL, AND GENERAL HEALTH IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE.

Background Studies show that children with chronic conditions benefit from activity camps, specifically in areas of self-esteem, body image, and physical condition. Objectives To assess the parental perception of physical/behavior/health in children with acquired or congenital heart disease (CHD) following a 4-day medically supervised activity camp. Methods This study included 22 children who attended activity camp. Anonymous questionnaires were given to primary caregivers pre and post camp using the mail out/mail back method. The Child Health Questionnaire-Parent/Guardian version (CHQ-PF50) was used to measure three major areas: physical functioning, role/social, and general health perceptions. Analysis was done with nonparametric tests. Results The study group had 11 girls and 11 boys, with a mean age of 11.4 ± 2.2 years. Caucasian, 12; Hispanic. 4; Asian, 2; and other races, 4. All parents were English speakers. At the initiation of camp, the whole group showed very low scores in all three major areas and did not show important improvement after camp participation. Pre and post scores were in physical functioning (44.1 vs 41.9; 95% CI for US healthy children: 52.1-53.9-), role/social (42.4 vs 39.3; 95% CI for US healthy children: 50.3-52.1-), and general health (54.6 vs 49.8; 95% CI for US healthy children: 71.3-74.7-). There was 100% complete pre CHQ-PF50 and 38% post. Conclusions This group of children with CHD significantly scored lower than the 95% confident interval for normal US counterparts in all three major areas of interest, with no improvement after camp participation. Low parental perception of important changes can be ascribed to short length of camp activities, low parental motivation, or low interest level based on family dynamics. Additional research with a larger sample is necessary to evaluate the effects of activity camps on children with CHD.

Quality of Life of Children With Benign Rolandic Epilepsy

The first objective of this study was to determine the quality of life of children with benign rolandic epilepsy. Secondly, this investigation aimed to predict the influence of cognition on quality of life, controlling for the emotional impact of the epilepsy on the parent. Initial recruitment was through the major electroencephalography laboratories of metropolitan Sydney. The syndrome was defined using the International League Against Epilepsy classification. Patients underwent a comprehensive cognitive assessment, and parents completed the Child Health Questionnaire, Child Behavior Checklist, and Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire. Parental emotional impact was assessed using a subscale from the Child Health Questionnaire. The cohort included 30 patients (22 males, 8 females), mean age 9.67 years. There was a higher incidence of competence problems compared with normative data. The average psychosocial score was significantly lower than normative data. Controlling for parental emotional impact, general intellectual ability predicted quality of life in the areas of self-esteem and language. Clinical variables had minimal impact and were not included in the regression models. Parental emotional impact, however, was a major independent predictor of quality of life. Quality of life may be compromised in children with benign rolandic epilepsy and is related to cognitive variables and emotional impact of the epilepsy on the parent.

Erlebnispädagogik mit Jugendlichen: Einflüsse auf Symptombelastung und Selbstwert

In the following study the influence of project adventure on the sense of self-image and psychosocial state of adolescents of the 7th grade were studied (N = 122). A pre-post study design was chosen involving control group with three time points of evaluation. For the group of intervention school physical education was replaced by project adventure for a period of six months. The control students attended physical education as usual. The intervention group was compared with the control group using two methods of testing (Frankfurter Selbstkonzeptskalen by Deusinger, Fragebogen fur Jugendliche by Dopfner). After the project the intervention group reached higher values in some areas of self-esteem. Regarding the psycho-social areas of aggression, depression/fear and social problems these students scored lower than students of the control group. Overall differences related to gender were found in the self-esteem ratings. Gender-differences on the effect of the intervention were reflected by the scale of psycho-social symptoms. These first observations that youths are positively influenced by participation in project adventure in the areas evaluated should be validated through further comprehensive studies.

Psychological Traits Of Mixed-Ethnic Arab-European Adolescents In Israel

This study compared the psychological characteristics of 127 mixed-ethnic Arab-European adolescents and 196 mono-ethnic Arabs aged between 12 and 18 years who resided in Israel. Findings revealed significant differences in favor of the mono-ethnic participants in areas of self-esteem, quality of life, environmental mastery, and positive relations with others. In a similar pattern where higher scores are indicative of worse adjustment, mixed-ethnic adolescents, had significantly higher scores than their mono-ethnic counterparts on psycho-physiological symptoms, anxiety, and depression. In terms of Arab ethnic identification, differences between mixedand mono-ethnic participants were found to be non-significant. At the ego identity level, the study's mixed-ethnic adolescents were significantly more often identified as 'diffused' subjects, and significantly less often identified as having attained an 'achieved' ego identity in comparison to their mono-ethnic Arab peers. This research was supported by Gates Cambridge University Trust, the Overseas Research Student Award Scheme, the Department of Social and Developmental Psychology at the University of Cambridge, and Wolfson College.

Charting new territory: Body esteem, weight satisfaction, depression, and self-esteem among chinese males and females in Hong Kong

This study examined the relationship of body esteem, weight satisfaction, self esteem, and depression among 309 (186 females and 123 males) Chinese university students in Hong Kong. Females were found to have significantly lower body esteem [Body Esteem Scale: S. L. Franzoi and S. A. Shields (1984) “The Body Esteem Scale: Multidimensional Structure and Sex Differences in a College Population,” Journal of Personality Assessment, Vol. 48, pp. 173–178] and higher depression [Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: L. S. Radloff (1977) “The CES-D scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population,” Applied Psychological Measures, Vol. 2, pp. 385–401] when compared to males, whereas males were found to have significantly more weight dissatisfaction. No significant difference was found in the area of self-esteem [Index of Self-Esteem: W. W. Hudson (1982) Clinical Measurement Package: A Field Manual, Chicago: Dorsey]. Females desired a significantly lower ideal body mass index, whereas, males desired a significantly higher ideal body mass index. The relationship between body esteem, weight satisfaction, and self-esteem was similar for males and females; however, the relationship between body satisfaction and depression was significant only for females. Findings are compared to similar research on European American samples and implications from a cross-cultural perspective are discussed.

Population-focused research: A broad-based survey of teens' attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours

Population-focused research and practice is the cornerstone of community health nursing. A population group which is at significant risk for a number of health problems is adolescents. In this article, a report is given of a descriptive study of 2347 high school students, 15–19 years of age. These teens were largely from rural communities in the province of Newfoundland, Canada. They were surveyed to identify their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours in a variety of life spheres. Results show friendship to be of primary importance to teens. Family also plays a key role in their lives. Relationships with adults, in general, are troubled. Significant gender differences emerged: for example, males are more open than females to casual sex, are more likely to use alcohol and to be more physically active than females; females value family life more, and have more difficulty in the area of self-esteem than their male counterparts. Teens' attitudes reflect many values of Canadian society at large, such as hard work, success and the importance of a good education. The data from this study emphasizes the need for community health programs for teenagers which take into account key characteristics of this target group. This research is a model for compiling data on any population group in the community. Such a model is portrayed as an effective and efficient means of providing baseline information crucial to the delivery of health strategies with specific population groups in the community.

A longitudinal study of the predictors of the adverse effects of alcohol and marijuana/hashish use among a cohort of high risk youths.

Data gathered from a longitudinal study of juvenile detainees in a Southeastern state are used to examine the demographic and life experience factors relating to their reported adverse effects of the use of alcohol and other drugs. The results indicate: 1) marijuana/hashish use, (2) their use of these substances tends to be a vehicle for the expression of personal difficulties in the areas of self-esteem and emotional/psychological functioning, and 3) their use of these two substances needs to be seen in holistic terms. Research and policy implications of the results are drawn.