Areas Of Potential Conflict Research Articles

Influence of Technology and Metaverse on Traditional Absolute Sovereignty Control of Modern National States Territories

The metaverse can extend the physical world using augmented and virtual reality technologies, allowing users to seamlessly interact within virtual and simulated environments using avatars and holograms. This investigation strives to analyze the relationship between technology and the metaverse on traditional absolute sovereignty control of modern national states’ territories to understand better the potential impact of emerging virtual environments on the established structures and systems of physical governance. As technology continues to evolve and the metaverse grows in size and complexity, examining how it may challenge traditional notions of territorial sovereignty and governance is essential. It can occur in several ways, such as borderless access, jurisdictional disputes, decentralization of power, and cyber security concerns. Based on secondary data, the study showed different ways technology and the metaverse intersect with traditional state control. It can identify potential conflict areas and develop strategies to adapt to this rapidly evolving landscape. Therefore, it is to gain a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between technology, the metaverse, and the traditional structures of governance that have shaped our world. The ultimate goal is to structure the metaverse in morally acceptable ways and collectively the most democratically beneficial for society.

A human resources and legal risk management framework for labour disputes in the petroleum industry

The petroleum industry is vital to many economies but is often plagued by labor disputes that can disrupt operations and affect profitability. This paper proposes a comprehensive Human Resources and Legal Risk Management Framework specifically tailored for managing labor disputes in the petroleum sector. The framework integrates human resource management practices with legal compliance measures to minimize risks associated with employee relations and disputes. The framework emphasizes proactive measures, including effective communication, employee engagement, and training programs designed to foster a collaborative workplace culture. By implementing conflict resolution strategies and grievance handling procedures, organizations can address issues before they escalate into disputes. Additionally, the framework underscores the importance of adhering to labor laws and regulations to mitigate legal risks. Key components of the framework include risk assessment tools that identify potential areas of conflict, alongside mechanisms for monitoring labor relations. By leveraging data analytics, organizations can better understand employee sentiment and predict possible disputes, allowing for timely interventions. Furthermore, the framework advocates for establishing a clear legal compliance structure, ensuring that all practices align with local and international labor laws. The integration of human resources and legal considerations not only enhances organizational resilience but also fosters a positive workplace environment. It is crucial for organizations in the petroleum industry to recognize the interdependence of HR practices and legal obligations, as failure to address labor disputes effectively can lead to significant financial losses and reputational damage. In conclusion, this framework offers a structured approach to managing labor disputes, promoting organizational sustainability in the petroleum sector. By aligning human resource strategies with legal risk management, companies can create a harmonious work environment that ultimately contributes to their long-term success.

Identifying priority corridors and bottlenecks for three threatened large mammal species in the oil palm-dominated landscape of Peninsular Malaysia

Agricultural landscape expansion and land development have disrupted wildlife habitats and movement pathways, limiting species’ access to critical resources. Identifying multispecies corridors across human-dominated landscapes is crucial to facilitate safe and unobstructed movement while minimizing negative interactions between humans and wildlife. We conducted a spatial distribution analysis to delineate potential high conflict areas and assess connectivity for the movement of focal species across Peninsular Malaysia. Using conflict data for the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), Malayan sun bear (Helarctos malayanus), and Malayan tiger (Panthera tigris) spanning an eight-year period (2013–2020), we predicted conflict risk distribution with MaxEnt. We then overlaid the resulting risk maps onto a unified resistance surface and predicted least-cost corridors between high conservation value (HCV) patches. We ranked these corridors by their ecological importance in a plantation landscape. We identified pinch point areas (bottlenecks) to denote locations most critical to species movement along the corridors. Our results suggested that potential high conflict areas were primarily located in eastern and southern Peninsular Malaysia. We identified 89 HCV core patches that were interconnected by 126 linkages. The mean length of the least-cost corridors was 13.41 km. Among the top 10 linkages ranked by centrality value, three crossed commercial plantations for <30 % of their length, and three were highly bottlenecked. This study underscores an ecological approach that considers human–wildlife conflict and habitat connectivity analysis for effective land use planning and critical zone designation.

Finding harmony in the sea: Resolving conflicts by regional marine spatial planning

Ocean space is of paramount importance to coastal regions worldwide. However, rapid coastal development has led to competition in marine spatial allocation, exacerbating conflicts within maritime domains. Despite significant progress in establishing regulations for coastal governance in Taiwan, conflicts across diverse maritime industries due to a lack of marine spatial planning (MSP) institutions remain a persistent challenge. Potential conflict areas were identified via geographic information system (GIS) maps to assist maritime governance and used in several rounds of coordination meetings with stakeholders for zoning. A regional MSP framework for improving maritime governance is proposed based on a case study, which shows that even without legal MSP institutions, local or certain central government departments can act as the key authorities for implementing the bottom-up planning concept with strong engagement from local communities. The proposed planning process includes: (1) establishing and employing a monitoring system to promptly identify marine activities that can facilitate efficient enforcement; (2) continuous communication with stakeholders led by the local government to improve amendment regulations and aid compliance; and (3) prioritizing the preservation of traditional use rights with community self-management to accelerate regional MSP processes.

Mapping social movements momentum: unveiling networks in the movement for the right to abortion in Mexico

In this case study, we propose a network analysis approach to map social movements through an intersectional feminist lens. We aim to gain a more in-depth understanding of movements' network structures to examine the roles and relationships of movement actors, the flow of resources between them, and potential areas of collaboration and conflict. By incorporating Social Network Analysis (SNA) techniques and visually mapping dynamics within social movements, this approach can assess the significance of small actors in creating change and stresses the need for their perspectives to be heard. Furthermore, our methodology adopts a feminist intersectional framework that recognizes the role of different identities in shaping the movement and its actors. To demonstrate the practical application of this approach, we examined the movement for the right to abortion in Mexico between September and December 2021. Our multi-step process included (1) designing a survey tool adapted to the context of the movement, (2) collecting and analyzing survey responses on movement actors' relationships and interactions, including their priorities, activities, needs, risks, and challenges, (3) visualizing the network using SNA techniques that account for the complexity and diversity of the movement, (4) interpreting the findings through insights collected in semi-structured interviews and validation meetings with key movement actors, and (5) implementing safety and security guidelines to safeguard the identity of individuals whose activities could put them at risk of suffering institutional, emotional, and physical violence. Our case study offers valuable insights that not only encourage the integration of feminist and intersectional perspectives into data collection processes but also provide a roadmap for accompanying social movements and supporting meaningful and contextually responsive activities.

Mapping elasmobranch occurrences and overlap with human activities using local knowledge and non-invasive sampling to identify areas of potential conflict

Mapping elasmobranch occurrences and overlap with human activities using local knowledge and non-invasive sampling to identify areas of potential conflict

Analyzing the Dynamics: EU and UN Perspectives on the African Union

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics between the European Union (EU) and the United Nations (UN) in their interactions with the African Union (AU). Recognizing the AU's pivotal role in addressing Africa's challenges, the study investigates historical trajectories, policies, and key priorities shaping EU and UN perspectives on the AU. Through a multi-methodological approach, including document review and comparative analysis, it explores areas of convergence, divergence, and potential conflicts in their approaches, shedding light on implications for the AU's development and international relations. Tracing the historical evolution of EU-AU and UN-AU relations, pivotal moments such as the Cotonou Agreement and the establishment of the UN Office to the African Union (UNOAU) are highlighted. Analysis reveals shared objectives in peace, security, sustainable development, and governance, with nuanced differences in emphasis and approach. While areas of alignment exist, particularly in peacekeeping and sustainable development goals, divergences emerge in governance, human rights, and economic relations, posing challenges to collaboration.Case studies, including joint peacekeeping missions in Mali and development initiatives in Eastern Africa, offer insights into successes, challenges, and lessons learned, informing recommendations for future collaborations. Opportunities for enhanced cooperation, such as joint capacity-building initiatives and aligned development programs, are identified.The study contributes to a nuanced understanding of EU and UN perspectives on the AU, providing insights into their implications for Africa's development. Recommendations for improvements in coordination mechanisms, communication channels, and decision-making processes are proposed to enhance effectiveness. Future research avenues include evaluating economic partnerships' impacts and exploring innovative funding models to unlock transformative impact on the African continent. Ultimately, this analysis informs policymakers and international practitioners, fostering constructive partnerships for Africa's stability, prosperity, and sustainable development.

Case-based Workshop: Presentation of offenders with intellectual disabilities: towards an open and inclusive treatment

AbstractLegal frameworks and the challenges for treatment and rehabilitation of offenders with intellectual disabilities Speaker: Farzaneh Saeedzadeh Sardahaee, MD, PhD, Consultant psychiatrist St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, NorwayLack of timely diagnostic and treatment for mild intellectual disability amongst offenders presents special challenges to clinicians and prison system alike. On the one hand, appropriate treatment for their psychiatric symptoms may not be implemented as they can be mislabeled primarily as behavioral issues. Different approaches to such perceived behavioral issues within judiciary (or prison) system and health care system is a potential conflict area. On the other hand, treatment and rehabilitation of offenders with intellectual disability require both resources and expertise that may not be readily available in prison systems, pre- or past sentencing. Furthermore, the scope of such challenges varies greatly based on different legal frameworks for sentencing offenders with intellectual disability within Europe.In the first section an overview of Norwegian legal framework for offenders with intellectual disability is briefly presented. Then using the example of a young female offender with mild intellectual disability, drug dependence and multiple psychiatric morbidities, the speaker examines complexities of dual diagnoses, inter-disciplinary and multiagency cooperation follow-up and challenges faced in the recovery process. A brief introduction to the current Norwegian follow-up system for offenders with intellectual disability is discussed before examining recent changes in legal framework for sentencing offenders with intellectual disability in Norway, and its ramifications, as well as potential benefits for treatment and future rehabilitation of offenders. Finally, the speaker reflects on points for further improvement, especially considering the multi-agency nature of treatment and rehabilitation of offenders with intellectual disability.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Future of E-Bikes on Public Lands: A Human Factors Field Study at Minute Man National Historical Park

Electric-assist bicycles (e-bikes) are growing in popularity, and their use has increased on public lands managed by federal, state, and local agencies in the United States. Evaluation of e-bike use on public lands is hindered by a dearth of scientific research, as noted in a prior literature review completed by the study team. This paper presents the results of a human factors field study that evaluated participant speed and behavior on an unpaved, multiuse trail to answer research questions about trail user safety and social interaction. The study concludes that e-bike riders travel approximately 1 to 2 mph faster than conventional bike riders on average, but that individuals’ speeds among conventional and e-bike riders are widely distributed and overwhelmingly overlap, including at the upper and lower extremes. The sex of the rider predicts a greater difference in speed than whether they are using a conventional or an e-bike. The study also found conventional and e-bike riders generally reduce speed in areas of potential conflict and exhibit similar precautionary behaviors when passing other trail users and when crossing trail junctions and vehicle paths. Public lands managers can use these results to inform their decisions about managing e-bike use on multiuse trails with similar characteristics.

Security Concerns and Conflict Experience of Physically Disabled People in The Czech Republic

People with disabilities are more vulnerable to violence than their non-disabled counterparts. The fear of crime increases with the experience of victimization. There are many attempts to enhance the confidence of being outside alone or decrease the fear of crime through self-defense courses. &#x0D; The aim of the present study is to determine the level of security concerns in people with physical disabilities and to identify the most frequent crime they are facing.&#x0D; 77 physically disabled people (aged 15 and more; 45 women, 32 men; 5 elementary, 44 secondary, 28 higher educated) participated in the research. 49 participants use mechanic or electric wheelchair, 19 participants use other compensatory aids, 9 participants do not use any compensatory aids. 35 participants use the assistant service, 42 do not. &#x0D; Data was collected via a questionnaire of four parts, in which participants expressed their security concerns, confidence, or vulnerability in given situations through a 6point scale. Each part of the questionnaire is supplemented by an open question encouraging participants to express their experience. People with disabilities have a slight fear of possible conflict situations. This fear increases in conditions with a greater chance of a potential conflict situation or areas that cannot be left immediately. &#x0D; The results suggest a slight sense of helplessness in verbal conflict situations or a developing conflict that can still be de-escalated. We can assume that people with disabilities feel very vulnerable when it comes to direct physical assault.

Derivation of requirements for life cycle assessment-related information to be integrated in digital battery passports

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for transparency throughout supply chains, driven by various stakeholders, including society and regulatory authorities. Data transparency platforms and Digital Product Passports (DPPs) have been proposed as potential solutions sharing products specific information along the value chain, including environmental impacts like the carbon footprint, as e.g. demanded by the upcoming EU Batteries Regulation. For the calculation of environmental impacts, the methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a recognized international standard, the complex implementation of which must now be transferred into DPPs. Therefore, this study analyses the requirements of all stakeholder groups regarding the integration of LCA in data transparency platforms based on the use case of batteries. The identification of these requirements is achieved through a comprehensive literature review. The requirements are then categorized as related to the individual phases of an LCA, secondary data usage as well as data exchange options. Finally, potential areas of conflict regarding the integration of LCA into DPPs are discussed, and further areas of research are highlighted. Efforts should be made to ensure that the workload for companies is minimized while at the same time providing incentives to reduce environmental impacts and create further added value.

Cities for citizens! Public value spheres for understanding conflicts in urban planning

Identifying the diverse and often competing values of citizens, and resolving the consequent public value conflicts, are of significant importance for inclusive and integrated urban development. Scholars have highlighted that relational, value-laden urban space gives rise to many diverse conflicts that vary both spatially and temporally. Although notions of public value conflicts have been conceived in theory, there are few empirical studies that identify such values and their conflicts in urban space. Building on public value theory and using a case-study mixed-methods approach, this paper proposes a new approach to empirically investigate public value conflicts in urban space. Using unstructured participatory data of 4528 citizen contributions from a Public Participation Geographic Information Systems in Hamburg, Germany, natural language processing and spatial clustering techniques are used to identify areas of potential value conflicts. Four expert interviews assess and interpret these quantitative findings. By integrating quantitative assessments with the qualitative findings of the interviews, we identify 19 general public values and nine archetypical conflicts. On the basis of these results, this paper proposes a new conceptual model of ‘Public Value Spheres’ that extends the understanding of public value conflicts and helps to further account for the value-laden nature of urban space.

Northern Ireland’s hybrid trade regime: an examination of the relationship between the Ireland-Northern Ireland Protocol and the UK’s post-Brexit trade agreements

PurposeThe Ireland-Northern Ireland Protocol has been one of the most contentious aspects of the EU-UK post-Brexit trade relationship. By requiring the UK to comply with EU customs and internal market rules in relation to Northern Ireland (NI), the Protocol has created a hybrid trade regime where NI is subject to multiple, overlapping and often conflicting rules. This paper aims to examine one area in which this hybridity manifests itself. It focusses on the interplay between the Protocol and post-Brexit UK trade agreements. It examines potential areas of conflict between Protocol obligations and obligations derived from UK trade agreements. In doing so, it sheds light on the extent to which compliance with the Protocol may undermine NI’s ability to export and import goods under the preferential terms negotiated under UK trade agreements. It further discusses the consequences of these incompatibilities between the Protocol and these agreements for NI and, more widely, the functioning of the UK internal market as whole.Design/methodology/approachDoctrinal legal researchFindingsThe paper examines potential areas of conflict between Protocol obligations and obligations derived from UK trade agreements. In doing so, it sheds light on the extent to which compliance with the Protocol may undermine NI’s ability to export and import goods under the preferential terms negotiated under UK trade agreements. It further discusses the consequences of these incompatibilities between the Protocol and these agreements for NI and, more widely, the functioning of the UK internal market as whole.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge this is the first paper carrying out a comprehensive legal analysis of the interaction and potential conflicts between the Protocol on Ireland-Northern Ireland and the UK’s post Brexit trade agreements.

Assessing the security status and future scenarios of the Mediterranean region through the water-energy-food nexus

Over the past decades, the Mediterranean region has faced significant challenges due to the impacts of climate change and ongoing conflicts. This study proposes an assessment of the region's security status and potential future scenarios through the lens of the water-energy-food nexus, utilising indicators that align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These indicators include agricultural yields, value-added, and land variations, water and sanitation services, income and inequality, use of renewable energy, carbon footprints, and political stability. To evaluate the situation, this analysis applies Ward's hierarchical clustering algorithm to group countries based on these indicators, examining the average terms and the years 2006 and 2015 for comparative analysis. Additionally, an exponential smoothing algorithm forecasts future trends and generates clusters for the years 2030 and 2050. By computing an index of convergence for each cluster and indicator, this contribution identifies areas of particular interest from a security perspective. The findings of this analysis reveal a growing polarisation within the Mediterranean region, with European countries and Israel forming one distinct group, and African and Eastern countries (excluding Israel) forming another. Notably, recurring disparities exist in variables such as agricultural land, political stability, violence, income per capita, and agricultural value added. Conversely, certain variables, including the Gini coefficient, prevalence of overweight population, and access to drinking water services, show signs of convergence. These results shed light on potential areas of both conflict and cooperation in the Mediterranean region, highlighting the importance of addressing the challenges posed by climate change. By understanding the geopolitical dynamics and identifying key areas of concern, policymakers can develop informed strategies to promote stability and sustainable development in the region.

BRICS, World Bank and IMF Quest to Promote Economic Development of Countries

The term “BRICS” represents a group of five emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India China and South Africa, which started in 2009. These economies have caught the attention of literally everyone--international financial law practitioners, political scientists, countries, international organizations and other stakeholders. The emergency of a unified geopolitical bloc, started to reframe international financial outlook with a new set of new ideas and values. include reforming the global financial and economic architecture, strengthening the principles and standards of international law in many sectors of their economies. The paper highlights prospects and challenges that lie ahead of BRICS countries to fully realize their mandate and to co-exist with the World bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF). The World Bank and IMF have supported economic development of countries since their inception, I however do not see any harm posed by the introduction of more capital from BRICS, it should be received with both hands. There are looming prospects for expansion of BRICS, countries like Argentina, UAE, Mexico, Algeria and Saudi Arabia have indicated their desire to jump on BRICS bandwagon, the current Russian-Ukraine war remains a big challenge, not least that it has threatened to suck in all BRICS members into this war. The paper finds that as global dynamic challenges continue to mutate, nothing should preclude countries from working together to find lasting solutions to their common challenges. Some BRICs Nations are also beleaguered with high levels of corruption in public offices, they will need to seriously address this challenge, if they are to offer a robust development agenda for emerging markets to supplant the Bretton Wood Institutions. This paper was written, guided by three specific objectives: (i) Examine the rationale for launching the BRICS development initiatives and potential conflict with the World Bank and IMF. (ii) Discuss the mandate of the World Bank and IMF in fostering economic development especially developing countries. (iii) Explore potential areas of conflict between the Bretton Wood Institutions and BRICS to co-exist in their varied development mandates towards member countries. The paper has established that while nothing precludes BRICS offering alternative funding mechanisms to their members, they will need time to fully realize their objectives. Establishment of the BRICS signifies that its high time the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) have adopted desired reforms, if they are to remain influential today.

THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AT THE STAGES OF EVACUATION, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF WOUNDED SOLDIERS IN THE WAR IN UKRAINE

Abstract. Predictive analytics plays a very important role in the diagnosis and treatment of wounded soldiers, as well as in improving the various stages of their evacuation from the battlefield.&#x0D; Artificial Intelligence (AI) can analyze historical data, current conditions, and other factors to predict potential conflict zones or areas prone to casualties, helping military personnel plan evacuation routes accordingly. Predictive modeling with route analysis using AI algorithms can analyze historical data to identify high-risk areas prone to casualties based on past conflict patterns. AI also can aid in efficient evacuation processes by analyzing data and providing real-time insights to optimize evacuation routes and prioritize patients based on severity of injuries.

Imprinted genes and the manipulation of parenting in mammals.

Genomic imprinting refers to the parent-of-origin expression of genes, which originates from epigenetic events in the mammalian germ line. The evolution of imprinting may reflect a conflict over resource allocation early in life, with silencing of paternal genes in offspring soliciting increased maternal provision and silencing of maternal genes limiting demands on the mother. Parental caregiving has been identified as an area of potential conflict, with several imprinted genes serendipitously found to directly influence the quality of maternal care. Recent systems biology approaches, based on single-cell RNA sequencing data, support a more deliberate relationship, which is reinforced by the finding that imprinted genes expressed in the offspring influence the quality of maternal caregiving. These bidirectional, reiterative relationships between parents and their offspring are critical both for short-term survival and for lifelong wellbeing, with clear implications for human health.

Current Knowledge and Future Possibilities of Medical Digital Technologies based on Mobile Health

Medical digital technologies have the potential to improve public access to healthcare by enhancing its flexibility. The availability of complementary details about health, ailments, complications, and the most recent advancements in biomedical research are all included. Diagnostic and medical services are now becoming more available and accessible, especially in low-income countries. Regarding digital health technology, there are still a lot of challenges that need to be overcome, such as dependability, safety, testing, and ethical concerns. We propose that mobile technology should enhance rather than replace the psychiatrist-patient connection in the existing environment of inadequate regulatory oversight and scientific research to lessen possible clinical and moral harm to patients at risk. We identify potential areas of moral conflict between consumer-driven mobile businesses and healthcare practice and create a decision tree model for putting ethical safeguards in place. Informed consent, confidentiality, and shared treatment expectations are the main areas of attention for this paradigm when it comes to risk management in the therapeutic partnership. To comprehend the utility, capacity, and limitations, this study covers recent breakthroughs in mobile technologies, their applications, and a comparative analysis of their performance metrics. Understanding the weaknesses of current technologies can facilitate the creation of new frameworks with increased performance capabilities and superior service quality.

Conflict of interests among shareholders – does it refer to dividend decisions?

Abstract Research background Agency theory refers to the conflict of interests between different groups involved in the business. One aspect of the agency theory is conflict among shareholders. One of the areas of potential conflict is dividend payment. Purpose The goal of our paper was to identify the impact of voting behaviour of shareholders during Annual General Meetings on dividend decisions. We make a comparison between big and small companies. Research methodology We included the 20 biggest and the 20 smallest companies from the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) in our sample over the 2010–2022 period. We collected 413 observations (shareholders’ presence, voting results from annual general meetings, and financial data). We use statistical tests, a correlation analysis, and a regression analysis. Results: We found that in small companies there is conflict among large shareholders on dividend payout decisions, while in big companies small shareholders show their disappointment by voting against or abstaining from voting for financial statement acceptance (but not dividend payout decisions). Additionally, we found that the higher presence of large shareholders at the AGM the lower the dividend payout is. Novelty: The originality of the paper is that instead of ownership structure we took into account shareholders’ presence at AGM’s. We deal with a unique set of hand-collected data on voting results. We present new evidence on interests of conflict among shareholders (not only on dividend decisions). Although the problem of the conflict between minority and majority shareholders was identified, there is a scarcity of research on its background and implication.

Factors affecting cultural ecosystem services use in Vilnius (Lithuania): A participatory mapping survey approach

Assessing preferences of recreational activities related to cultural ecosystem services (CES) in urban areas is essential for decision-making and urban green space (UGS) management. This work aims to assess the preferences and factors (based on socio-demographic and motivation variables) influencing CES-related activities in Vilnius, Lithuania, to provide scientific knowledge to support more efficient UGS design and management. Participatory mapping was reported as relevant for urban park planning and decision-making and was applied to identify spatially explicit CES. We assessed the perceived relevance of five CES-related activities groups (Social activities, Inspirational activities, Cultural activities, Spiritual activities, and Physical activities) via participatory mapping through an online survey (n = 1.114). The users selected one preferred geographic location for each CES-related activities group and attributed relevance (using a 5-point Likert scale) for a set of motivation items. The results showed that Physical and Social activities were the respondents' most important CES-related activity groups, while Spiritual activities were the less popular. Factor Analysis showed that the respondent's recreation experience preferences, or motivations, were the most relevant variables influencing all the groups except for the Social activities group. Regarding Cultural activities, preferences for understanding things &learn about history were the most relevant variables. For Inspirational activities, the variables developing knowledge &to learn were the most important. Enjoying nature's quietness &frequency was the most relevant for Physical activities. Regarding Spiritual activities, the most important variables were related to the development of spiritual activities and the reflection on personal religious values. Finally, socio-demographic variables mainly influenced social activities, namely education level, gender and age group. The spatial distribution was different between activity groups. Inspirational activities showed the highest dispersion, and Spiritual activities the highest concentration. The results of this work are relevant to municipal managers, as they allow for a better understanding of users' interactions with the territory, its multifunctionality, and potential areas of conflict between conservation and recreation.