Area Of Corporate Social Responsibility Research Articles

Is corporate governance relevant to the quality of corporate social responsibility disclosure in large European companies?

PurposeThis paper aims to report on the quality of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in S&P Europe 350 companies. The paper also examines the impact of corporate governance structure and other firm-specific characteristics on the quality of CSR disclosure in European companies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a disclosure index adopted from Jizi et al. (2014). Moreover, the paper contributes to the CSR disclosure literature by developing a new index that includes all the aspects introduced by the Global Reporting Initiative version 4.The data of CSR reporting are manually collected from the firms’ reports. The population and sample of this study are related to 350 companies operating in 16 European countries. Tobit regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results reveal that directors’ ownership, the presence of a CSR committee and firm size positively affect the quality of CSR reporting. Further testing of the independent variables on each CSR sub-category is made. The CSR sub-categories used are, namely, community involvement, employees, environment, social product and service quality, supply chain sustainability and business ethics. The presence of a sustainability committee inside the company is the only factor that shows a strong positive effect on the disclosure of every CSR sub-category and the CSR inclusive index.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations of this research are that it focuses exclusively on the effect of the internal corporate mechanisms on the quality of CSR reporting; disregarding the economic, institutional, political and cultural factors that can play a role in influencing sustainability reporting of the companies.Practical implicationsBetter CSR disclosure leads to the firm having a better image in the society; this, in turn, has implications on firm performance, attracting funds, as well as recruiting and retaining high profile employees. Stakeholders are placing cumulative significance to corporate transparency particularly in the area of CSR. Managers should exert more efforts into not only improving the disclosure of the various facts of CSR but also into using the various media available for disclosure. Companies should take the initiative of establishing a CSR committee to ensure effective formation and implementation of CSR policies and disclosure of CSR activities.Social implicationsThe CRS research itself bears the merit of social implications. Moreover, the findings of this research pave the way for future researches to examine the effect of the adoption of global CSR initiatives and frameworks on the quality of CSR reporting.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the CSR disclosure literature by developing a new index that includes all the aspects of CSR and exploring the relation between the rarely explored “presence of sustainability committee” and CSR disclosure, as well as testing a vast number of CSR sub-categories that is not extensively covered in previous studies. Moreover, the paper covers a large sample of companies across 16 European countries, in terms of their stand-alone sustainability reports, dedicated chapters of CSR in annual reports, integrated reports, website CSR information and any attachments/links provided on the websites for further CSR documents, brochures or data sheets.

Winning CSR strategies for the talent war

PurposeThe authors analyze the relationship between perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activity bundles and prospective employees’ work values to assess how CSR strategies contribute to new staff recruiting strategies.Design/methodology/approachBuilding on personal and organizational value fit theory, the authors propose a positive correlation between facets of work values and particular CSR activities. We use work values, as they reflect personal values, and CSR activities to reflect organizational value. We test this relationship using a sample of senior marketing and international business majors.FindingsThe authors found that the relationships are threefold: all negative, all positive and selectively positive. Some viewed CSR as irrelevant to their choice of employer – those who focused on security and pride, with low degrees of other work values, and those who were concerned with growth and knowledge utilization. People who seek security and meaningful jobs hold preferable attitudes toward CSR, regardless of the areas of CSR. Selectively positive relationship between work values and CSR bundles was founded in those who seek meaningful jobs and the workplaces for which they feel proud to work.Practical implicationsThis paper contributes to better understanding of the influence of CSR on prospective employees over preferences for companies as ideal employers. CSR matters, but not to everyone. Those who perceive that CSR matters are more active regarding work. This study links two topics – personal values through work values, and organizational values through CSR – opening a new area for investigating the effects of CSR on human resource management (HRM).Originality/valueThis study identifies why CSR is attractive to potential employees by using person-value and organizational-value fit theory to elaborate on a company’s social performance through CSR perceptions. No study links these two topics, which examine the same results. Research suggests that fit between personal and organizational values leads to job satisfaction, and thus a tendency to select a specific employer. CSR literature suggests that a company’s reputation gained by engaging in CSR attracts talent. By classifying talent according to work values and mapping them with CSR bundles, the authors argue that there is relationship between types of talent and CSR bundles.

Corporate social responsibility initiatives and its impact on social license: some empirical perspectives

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to understand the driving forces of corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives in organizations and how these social initiatives influence organizations’ “license to operate” using data from the Ghanaian business environment.Design/methodology/approachThis study used purposive sampling with a well-structured questionnaire as a data collection tool. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling was used to study the driving forces of CSR initiatives in organizations and how these social initiatives influence their social license.FindingsThe findings indicate that CSR initiatives are driven by the normative, mimetic, investors and community pressures. The regulative pressure has no significant effect on CSR initiatives. The authors found no difference between the services and the manufacturing sectors as far as the results are concerned using multi-grouping analysis.Research limitations/implicationsFrom the results, the importance of normative, mimetic, investors and community pressures as the driving forces of CSR are established. The finding indicates that CSR demands by suppliers, customers the extent to which organizations perceive their competitors have benefited from initiating CSR are benefiting, the willingness of investors to invest in companies whose CSR activities are best and the opinion on the extent to which the District Assembly and the Chief Executive in the district, the Chiefs, the Churches, the Opinion leaders have significant impact on CSR initiatives.Practical implicationsThe results indicate the need for suppliers and customers to continually demand from corporations to initiate CSR activities as organizations seem to respond to these pressures, and these initiatives are also likely to be mimicked by other organizations in the same industry to enable this drive the social responsibility agenda. Investors and community members are also encouraged to invest and accept, respectively, organizations with very good CSR records to send a signal to companies who see CSR as a cost instead of performance enhancement.Originality/valueThe work illustrates and provides some insights and builds on the literature in the area of CSR from a developing country’s environment. This is also one of the few works that investigate the driving forces of CSR and social license using the institutional theory based on data from the African business environment.

Corporate Social Responsibility at African mines: Linking the past to the present

This paper traces the origins of the 'brand' of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) employed at large-scale mines across sub-Saharan Africa. Conceived within fortified resource enclaves, the policies adopted and actions taken in the area of CSR at many of the region's large-scale mines today have had had minimal effect on community wellbeing. Further examination reveals that contemporary CSR strategy in the region's mining sector is often a 'repackaging' and 'rebranding' of moves made by major operators during the colonial period and early years of country independence to pacify and engage local communities. Today, this work is being championed as CSR but failing to deliver much change, its impact minimized by the economic and political forces at work in an era of globalization, during which extractive industry enclaves that are disconnected from local economies have been able to flourish. As case study of Ghana, long one of the largest gold mining economies in sub-Saharan Africa, is used to illustrate these points.

ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ISO 26000:2012 STANDARD GUIDELINES CONCERNING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

The article evaluates the state of implementation the guidelines of ISO 26000 : 2012 Guidelines for Corporate Social Responsibility by Polish enterprises concerning key areas of corporate social responsibility (CSR) based on Responsible Business Forum reports Responsible business in Poland. Good practices. To this end, the PN-ISO 26000 standard was discussed and CSR was defined based on it and the key areas of social responsibility were presented. An analysis was also made of the introduction of good practices in all seven areas of responsibility by enterprises in Poland in 2015-2017. The method of analysis was used: literature on the subject, standards, FOB reports published on the Internet such as Responsible business in Poland. Good practices and studies of other institutions, as well as a descriptive method and a method of graphical data presentation.

Transmission of CSR requirements in supply chains: investigating the multiple mediating effects of CSR activities in SMEs

ABSTRACTIn recent years, scholars have increasingly turned their attention to the separate areas of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and supply chain management (SCM). However, little scholarly attention has been paid to the transmission of CSR requirements from a small to medium-sized enterprises (SME) perspective. Drawing on institutional and innovation diffusion theories, this paper investigates to what extent the CSR requirements of customers influence the CSR activities of SMEs and their CSR requirements toward their own suppliers. Multiple mediation analysis was performed on data from a sample of 146,060 French SMEs. The findings indicate that the CSR requirements of customers have a direct negative effect on SMEs’ CSR requirements toward suppliers. However, the relationship becomes positive when we take into account the mediating role of the SMEs’ own CSR activities (i.e. economic, social and environmental activities). Furthermore, the study reveals that the indirect effect through economic CSR activities is the greatest, followed by social and then environmental CSR activities. Our main contribution is that implementing CSR activities within SMEs is a necessary step so that SMEs can be brokers in the transmission of CSR requirements in the supply chain.

Corporate social responsibility and organizational citizenship behavior

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of incumbent employees’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) perceptions toward multiple stakeholders on their organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) within the context of the tourism and hospitality sector in Turkey. It also aims to examine the mediating role of job satisfaction in these relationships.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 215 white-collar employees working full-time in non-managerial positions of hotels and travel services in Istanbul and Antalya regions of Turkey, using a self-administrated questionnaire. The research hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis.FindingsThe result of the study showed that two of the four CSR dimensions, namely, CSR toward society and environment and government, had a significant and positive effect on OCB. On the other hand, CSR toward employee was the only variable among the four dimensions of CSR perception that had a significant and positive effect on employee job satisfaction. The finding of the mediation analysis unfortunately failed to support the mediation effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between CSR perceptions and OCB.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was limited to the Turkish tourism and hospitality sector. Thus, these findings may not be generalized to other sectors or countries. Future research should consider other sectors both in Turkey and other countries to extend the generalizability of the findings of this study.Practical implicationsThis paper indicates that employees working in tourism and hospitality sector are highly concerned about their organizational, legal, societal and environmental social activities, which subsequently make them engage in extra role behaviors. Organizations are hereby advised that government law and regulation abiding, society and environmental social activities are very important in the effective functioning of the organizations and improving their service quality, which in turn can help increase their profits and long-term value creation.Originality/valueScholars in the area of CSR often explore the effect of a single dimension of CSR. Therefore, this paper contributes to the body of literature by examining the effect of employees’ CSR perceptions toward multiple stakeholders on employee behavior. Further, it is one of the few papers that highlights the positive effect of legal dimension of CSR on employee behavior within the context of the tourism and hospitality sector.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development: A Study of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh

This paper investigates the practices of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) by commercial banks in Bangladesh and the achievement of sustainable development through this practice. The motive of this descriptive research is to look at the framework of CSR areas and contribution by the state-owned and private commercial banks to those areas during 2011-2017. This study reveals that commercial banks contribution in CSR is increasing every year and new CSR areas are being concentrated on by commercial banks as part of their responsibility to the society and more and more focus is being given to important CSR areas to achieve sustainable development. This study also shows that there is a positive relationship between CSR and sustainable development. This research effort suggests that a precise guideline by the government about CSR expenditure, large corporation’s timely involvement in CSR activities and CSR disclosure in the bank’s annual report will fulfill the desired objectives of the business organizations. These will also ensure the successful and sustainable development of the country.These will also ensure successful and sustainable development of the country.

Influence of Big Data & Analytics on Corporate Social Responsibility

This paper summarizes current corporate policy activities through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). In this context, the use of Big Data & Analytics (BD&A) will be discussed. The main purpose of the research is the pursuit of CSR, as the topic has been enormously advanced for companies in recent years. And there are many reasons for this. The consumption of the environment, the deposition of residues into air, ground and water by companies and also the labor conditions within the work environment is on outmost interest of the society. Companies try to avoid respectively reduce the negative impact that comes along with their value creation processes due to their competitive situation, public pressure, marketing reasons or because they are forced by legal requirements and regulations. Those improvements are often publicized in CSR/sustainability reports. Many companies set themselves CSR targets that refer to a particular baseline. With doing so the companies can find the right areas for improvement, measure their progress, apply different methodologies and create measures to further enhance their situation. Some of those measures are driven by digitalization and with the progress that is made within this area of research new opportunities to reduce the negative impact arise. The potential that lies within digitalization to improve CSR indicators is widely underestimated. To emphasize the impact that digitalization can have on the value creation process, a very specific methodology from the field of digitalization, the analysis of big data, was chosen exemplarily for this analysis. The systematization of research and approaches to solving the problem will show that Big Data & Analytics is underemployed in the area of Corporate Social Responsibility. The research results summarized in the paper confirm and prove that companies need not be primarily interested in CSR. Economic interests usually go hand in hand with this. To make Big Data & Analytics a contributor to Corporate Social Responsibility investments are necessary. The potential of Big Data & Analytics that is elaborated in this article can help to justify the investments into this field of application. The paper is processed in the following logical order: After an introductory section, Big Data & Analytics will present its contribution to Corporate Social Responsibility. After establishing a hypothesis, the analysis part comes in the form of a field application. In the further course, the influence of CSR on the Internet of Things (IoT) will be dealt with in a business case. The article will give an insight into the sustainability reports of the companies BMW, Deutsche Telekom and the Linde Group. The topics CSR and BD&A in the automotive industry will be investigated, as well. The expected savings in energy consumption by BD&DA are discussed here. The paper is concluded with a critical appraisal. Keywords: big data & analytics, corporate social responsibility (csr), data analytics, energy consumption, investment decision, sustainability.

Do Socially Responsible Companies Benefit from Higher Levels of Customer Satisfaction, Trust and Loyalty?

The paper aims to determine the impact of customer perceptions of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) on customer satisfaction, trust and loyalty. The data for the empirical study was obtained through a survey of 180 respondents, customers of mobile telephony companies in Serbia. The results show that responsibility for customers and CSR disclosure are factors that have a positive influence on customer satisfaction, trust and loyalty. There is a medium level of positive correlation between responsibility for community and environment, on the one hand, and trust, on the other hand. The paper contributes to the literature and provides information for managers concerning their decision-making in the area of CSR.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of MNCs in Bangladesh: A Study on Nestlé Bangladesh Limited

The article CSR of MNCs in Bangladesh scrutinizes how multinational companies conduct corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Bangladesh. The purpose of the study is to observe the framework of CSR areas and contribution to those areas by the Nestlé Bangladesh Limited. It considers the structure of CSR in the business of Bangladesh, which is now globally a vital issue for the development of society. It explains the systems of adopting CSR by the MNCs in Bangladesh, we can begin to see what implications arise from the fact that CSR is a financially developed nations’ concept. Developing country like Bangladesh is considered lagging behind in its understanding and adoption of CSR practices. Generally corporations do not expose their policies. This article tried to explore current practices of CSR by the leading MNC like Nestlé Bangladesh Limited which is operating its business activities proudly for the long since.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Performance of Licensed Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a business approach that contributes to sustainable development by delivering economic, social and environmental benefits for all stakeholders. This concept has emerged over the past thirty years to occupy a significant role in certain aspects of the organizational theory. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of CSR on firm performance from a developing country’s environment. This study considered only 12 licensed commercial banks as sample and obtained secondary data from the financial statements of the licensed commercial banks in Sri Lanka for the period of 2012-2016. Consequently, the quantitative data were employed in the panel data regression model using E-Views software to scientifically analyse the data to identify the significant relationship between these two variables. The control variable is firm size, to be consistent with the previous studies in the literature review. The finding shows that there is no significant impact of social, economic and environmental variables on firm performance. Further the results reveal that there is a significant positive association between CSR and firm performance (ROA) whereas firm size has a negative association with firm performance (Tobin’s Q).The study illustrates and provides some insights and builds on the literature in the area of CSR in a developing country’s environment.

Corporate Social Responsibility in Hotel Industry: Empirical Analysis of Transitional Market

Using the non-parametric approach and data assembled by questionnaire survey among top and middle managers of hotels and hotel chains, the authors analyse management views on the importance of selected areas of Corporate Social Responsibility. The examined areas were the area of the relevant community, the economic, social and environmental areas. The aim of this paper is to find what importance do managers attribute to individual activities in selected CSR areas in hotel industry and whether they are influenced by any characteristic features of hotels in question. The research outcomes confirm the current state of development in the area CSR in transitional economy, which does not appreciate the complexity of current business world and concentrates predominantly on short and medium-term goals. Among positive Czech specifics we can certainly count the detailed knowledge of local conditions in local environment and willingness of employees to provide additional services to their customers, which creates positive response from clients and contributes to their loyalty.

The development of corporate social responsibility in accounting research: evidence from Indonesia

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze accounting research developments in the area of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Indonesia for the period 2012-2016. The focus of CSR literature review is on disclosures and not to examine CSR activities or programs.Design/methodology/approachThis study applied a descriptive approach to provide evidence on the major variables that have been examined in CSR research and what is the measurement used to measure CSR disclosures. The CSR research development was traced through mapping articles published in the international journal with the subject of category accounting (Schimago Journal rank quartile Q3 and Q4), and national journal (national accredited accounting journals, as well as the proceedings of National Symposium on Accounting [NSA]). A total of 5,971 articles were reviewed and resulted in 31 Indonesian CSR articles in accounting which are dominated by quantitative methods (93.5 per cent), and as many as 28 articles were analyzed.FindingsThe analyses result showed that (1) 75 per cent of CSR research were in the areas of financial accounting and capital markets, followed by tax accounting and corporate governance; (2) The most widely used variable associated with CSR was financial performance; which (3) More than 80 per cent of the CSR research used annual reports as the source of data with only 19.23 per cent using sustainability reports; (4) 65.38 per cent of the CSR disclosure measurement referred to used other CSR disclosure lists, other than the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI).Research limitations/implicationsThe study results are important as a basis for future studies to provide a platform for the analysis to cover the gap between CSR studies in the academic and business areas for not only Indonesia but also other countries. Comparative studies between countries will be essential for future research to provide empirical evidence on the development of CSR research in accounting fields.Practical implicationsThe study provides comprehensive pictures in how CSR disclosures have been analyzed in academic area so that practitioners in business field are able to understand the results on which variables are associated with CSR. Further, the practitioners could enhance their CSR implementations and reports to gain the utmost benefits for their business.Originality/valueThis study is considered as the first CSR literature review analyzed in accounting research publications. As CSR topics have been emerging developed in many field of studies, reviewing this topic in the accounting area resulted interesting findings. These findings are useful for not only Indonesia but also other countries. Further, this study provides platform to fill many gaps for future research in the topic of CSR in accounting field.

Communicating CSR in High Profile Industries: Case Study of Czech Chemical Industry

The paper deals with the issue of web communication of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities by companies of high profile industries, specifically by the chemical industry enterprises operating in the Czech Republic. Based on the content analysis of the websites of companies in the Association of Chemical Industry of the Czech Republic, employing 60 percent of workers and generating more than 70 percent of the production of this industry, it analyzes and evaluates the level of CSR communication of these companies in economic, social, environmental, ethical and philanthropic areas. The study shows that the level of communication of CSR activities of chemical companies in the Czech Republic is low and corresponds to the low level of CSR communication in this country. Chemical industry companies mostly communicate activities falling within the sphere of economic and environmental responsibility, completely neglecting activities of ethical responsibility. In all areas of CSR, large corporations communicate a larger range of activities than small and medium enterprises, with no significant difference in communication between national and foreign companies. Thus, it is necessary to adopt the set of measures proposed in the paper, both at the governmental level and at the level of individual enterprises.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.29.4.19199

A citation analysis of corporate social responsibility (1970-2014): insights from Islamic perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the citations of scientific research on the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) from 1970 to 2014. In particular, several interconnected research questions were investigated: How did the conceptualisation of CSR change from 1970 to 2014? What is the general direction of the change? How does Islamic CSR emerge?Design/methodology/approachAn in-depth analysis was performed with the use of the data analysis tool available in the Web of Science. The study categorises CSR into four areas: business ethics and corporate governance; management; marketing; and others. The first three categories were based on the Chartered Association of Business Schools’ Academic Journal Guide 2010 and 2015 (UK).FindingsThe findings reveal that 67.19 per cent articles have been published based on the ranked journals of Academic Journal Guide 2010 and 2015. The findings of the study will help to inform future areas of CSR. The top journals which published most articles from Academic Journal Guide 2015 are Journal of Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that the remit of sustainability from Islamic perspective is wider. Islamic marketing, as an area, remains largely in need of empirical research. The business communities should successfully integrate Muslim communities into their marketing strategies.Originality/valueTo the best of the knowledge, this is the first study to explore citation analysis of general CSR literature and Islamic CSR. The study finds that there has been an increase in interest in this subject of CSR and Islam in the recent years. Future research is needed on theory and methodological analysis of general CSR field and Islamic CSR field.

Ethical Behaviour Integrated in CSR: How to create and maintain the Corporate Reputation

The objective of this study is to point out how the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and the Ethical Behaviour are linked and represent the conditions of existence for the corporate system, understood as a long-lasting organization of individuals or institutions which produces outcomes for the external stakeholders. We think that ethical behaviours are pivotal in determining the success or failure of an organization. They affect a company’s reputation and help to define a business model that will thrive even in adversity. Organizations can consider ethical behaviour a way to differentiate themselves through the relationships that they create with stakeholders. This study aims to describe ways of identifying the principles of Corporate Social Responsibility that allow a more meaningful understanding of the Ethical behaviour of modern corporations. The interest in the researches in all areas of ethical behaviour and CSR is growing. Ethical behaviour and CSR drive the activities of an organization and the value systems that underlie their business activities. We have studied CSR through the framework of the stakeholder theory of the organizations and posit that CSR as practiced today is connected with ethical behaviour with other dimensions of an overall reputation framework still uncovered. The analysis of the international literature will be accompanied by the case study of the company L’Oreal. The L’Oreal company's behaviour is as important as its economic performance or the quality of its products. In these regards, L’Oreal’s ambition is to be an exemplary company worldwide and integrates ethics into the very heart of its business practices. In 2017, the group was recognized for the eighth time by the Ethisphere Institute as one of the “World’s Most Ethical Companies”. The values of L’Oreal and ethical principles guide the company in the every-day actions. L’Oreal is also in 1st place of France’s CAC 40 companies ranks for the Observatory on corporate reputation.

Perceived CSR and Corporate Reputation: The Mediating Role of Employee Trust

Executive Summary This research article focuses on the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in building corporate reputation of an organization. Scholars have studied CSR as an antecedent of corporate reputation, but the underlying mechanism of this process has been rarely explored. In order to fill this research gap, authors conducted an empirical study on 210 employees working in an automobile organization in India. The conceptual framework based on comprehensive literature review hypothesized that the perceived CSR of an organization may lead to trust development among the employees which in turn may lead to building of corporate reputation of the organization. The model was tested and all the hypotheses were accepted. Hence, it may be inferred that perceived CSR of an organization may develop a sense of trust among employees of an organization and in turn leading to the building of corporate reputation. The study has several implications for managers and scholars. The findings give a clear understanding that CSR activities of any organization can lead to trust development among employees at the same time they may aid in enhancing the corporate reputation of an organization. Hence, we suggest that in order to gain maximum benefits from CSR, managers should ensure that all the employees are aware of their firm’s CSR activities. Further, managers should adopt CSR activities that have high salience among current or potential employees so that its benefits are positively impacting its stakeholders and the firm. Such CSR activities can include investments in institutions where training is imparted to the organization’s workforce; organizing social welfare activities in areas close to the company’s location. The study also has future research implications for researchers working in the area of CSR. Scholars can explore other mediating variables which may explain the underlying mechanism between CSR and corporate reputation. The study can also be replicated in other sectors in order to enhance the generalizability of the findings.

Business Strategy and Corporate Social Responsibility

This study examines the relation between a firm’s business strategy and its corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance. Using a comprehensive measure of business strategy based on the Miles and Snow (Organizational strategy, structure, and process, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1978, Organizational strategy, structure, and process, Stanford University Press, Stanford 2003) theoretical framework, we find that firms following an innovation-oriented strategy (prospectors) are associated with better CSR performance than those following an efficiency-oriented strategy (defenders). Specifically, compared with defenders, prospectors engage in more socially responsible activities, fewer socially irresponsible activities, and perform better in both stakeholder- and third-party-related CSR areas. Taken together, our results suggest that business strategy is an important determinant of CSR performance. Prospectors take advantage of CSR, as their innovation-oriented strategy allows them not only to benefit more from CSR, but also to have more tolerance for the uncertainty, risk, and long time-horizon associated with CSR engagement.

Корпоративната социална отговорност в сферата на услугите

Some theoretical concepts related to the concept of "Corporate Social Responsibility" are considered. Based on a review of the literature on the topic, the main areas of corporate social responsibility are outlined. The structure and content of the websites of the Bulgarian mobile operators are examined, thereby checking whether and to what extent they are involved in issues concerning corporate social responsibility.