Areas In Central Java Research Articles

Nocturnal Activity of Aedes spp. in the Filariasis Endemic Area in Central Java

Program eliminasi filariasis belum menunjukkan hasil maksimal di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Perubahan perilaku vektor nyamuk terutama waktu aktif menghisap darah sangat mempengaruhi penularan penyakit filariasis. Salah satu perubahan perilaku vektor tersebut adalah aktivitas nyamuk Aedes spp. yang aktif di pagi hari menjadi aktif di malam hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas nokturnal nyamuk Aedes spp. di daerah endemis filariasis di Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan di dua desa endemis filariasis yaitu Desa Tegal Dowo, Kecamatan Tirto, Kabupaten Pekalongan dan Desa Ujung-Ujung, Kecamatan Pabelan, Kabupaten Semarang. Penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan selama 2 malam di rumah penderita filariasis atau rumah di sekitar rumah kasus (Jarak ± 200 meter) dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Penangkapan nyamuk berlangsung pada pukul 18.00 - 24.00 WIB dengan jumlah penangkap nyamuk 3 orang di dalam dan 3 orang di luar rumah. Pengumpulan nyamuk dilakukan dengan metode Human Landing Collection (HLC) dan resting collection. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan aktivitas nokturnal Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus di daerah endemis filariasis di Jawa Tengah. Total nyamuk Aedes spp. yang ditemukan yaitu sebanyak 124 nyamuk, dengan 121 Ae. aegypti ditemukan di dalam rumah dan 2 nyamuk diluar rumah. Di dua wilayah penelitian ditemukan waktu aktif Ae. aegypti berada pada pukul 18.00-19.00 WIB. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya aktivitas nokturnal dari Aedes spp. di wilayah endemis Filariasis di Provinsi Jawa Tengah

Analisis Faktor Cuaca dengan Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kabupaten Wonogiri Tahun 2014-2018

Background:
 Wonogiri Regency is one of the dengue endemic areas in Central Java with a fluctuating number of cases during 2014-2018. The number of dengue cases drastically increased nearly 4 times amounting 52 cases in 2016 to 207 cases in 2017. Weather factors such as rainfall, humidity, temperature, and wind velocity can affect the reproduction and spread of DHF vectors.
 Objectives:
 This study was aimed to analyze the association between weather factors (rainfall, humidity, temperature and wind velocity) with the incidence of dengue fever in Wonogiri Regency in 2014-2018.
 Research Metodes: 
 This research was an analytic observational study using cross sectional approach. The type of data used was secondary data about the weather (rainfall, humidity, temperature and wind velocity) in Wonogiri Regency which was obtained from the Wonogiri Meteorological Station and data on the number of dengue incidents in Wonogiri Regency which were obtained from the Health Office of Central Java Province. The data were used each month for 5 years, from January 2014 to December 2018. Data were analyzed by using univariate and bivariate analysis (Rank Spearman correlation test), because only the humidity variable is normally distributed.
 Results: 
 The highest number of dengue cases during 2014-2018 as many as 30 cases in November 2018 with an average of 6 cases, the highest rainfall was 887 mm with an average 191.05 mm, the highest humidity was 91.55% with an average of 86.77%, the highest temperature was 28.75oC with an average of 27.50oC and the highest wind velocity was 7.86 knots with an average of 0.89 knots. The results of the Spearman Rank correlation statistical test showed that there was a significant association with moderate strength and a positive direction between rainfall and the incidence of DHF (p = 0.001 and r = 0.420), which means that the increasing of rainfall, the more the number of DHF incidents. There was no significant association between humidity and the incidence of dengue fever (p = 0.925 and r = 0.012). There is a significant association with moderate strength and a negative direction between temperature and the incident of DHF (p = 0.001 and r = -0.415), which means that the increasing the temperature, the number of dengue cases decreases. There is no significant association between wind velocity and the incident of dengue (p = 0.577 and r = -0.073).
 Conclusion: 
 Rainfall causes the breeding place of Aedes mosquitoes to increase, as a result it has an effect on the increase of the mosquito population. Temperature affects the number of eggs produced by Aedes mosquitoes, so that the density of adult mosquitoes increases.

The National Health Insurance System of Indonesia and primary care physicians' job satisfaction: a prospective qualitative study.

The implementation of the National Health Insurance System (NHIS) in Indonesia has been changing the primary care physician (PCP) work condition and their job satisfaction. This research aimed to explore the reasons behind PCPs' satisfaction and dissatisfaction with job satisfaction's aspect under the NHIS reform. We conducted an exploratory qualitative study within two areas in Central Java, Indonesia, using semi-structured in-depth interviews with 34 PCPs and 19 triangulation sources. We conducted both inductive and deductive analyses by the NVivo 11. Most PCPs felt dissatisfied with the following aspects of the NHIS: referral system, NHIS health services standard, NHIS programmes, performance evaluation and pay-for-performance, relationship with patient and workloads. PCPs felt constrained with the referral regulation and non-specialist diagnoses, which led to dissatisfaction with performance evaluation and the pay-for-performance implementation. Furthermore, an increase in workload and conflict with patients resulted from patients' misunderstanding the NHIS health service procedures. However, PCPs felt satisfied with the chronic disease management programme and patients' appreciation. This study presents the reasons behind PCPs' satisfaction and dissatisfaction with job satisfaction's aspect under the NHIS reform. There is a need for additional discussion among all stakeholders (Ministry of Health, Social Security Agency for Health/SSAH, primary health care and physician's professional organizations about the non-specialist diagnoses list, performance evaluation and pay-for-performance). The government and SSAH need to improve the communication and socialization of the NHIS procedures/regulations.

Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering dengan Gravitational Search Algorithm pada Kasus Penyandang Masalah Kesejahteraan Sosial di Provinsi Jawa Tengah

One of the indicators of the success of social welfare development in Central Java was decreasing the population of people with social welfare problems (PMKS). One exertion that can be done was grouping or clustering the areas in Central Java-based on 26 indicators of PMKS. Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering (FGWC) algorithm is a clustering analysis that observing the effect of the area. However, FGWC has a limitation in the initialization centroid phase that makes it trapped to local optimal. The limitation can be addressed with the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) approach. The purpose of GSA was to optimize the value objective function. This research applied FGWC-GSA on PMKS in Central Java Province contained 26 indicators. Some validity indexes were applied to determine the best cluster. This research clustering the areas of Central Java into two clusters. The first cluster contained 24 districts and cities, and the second cluster contained 11 districts

Criteria of campus exterior spaces in Central Java

This paper explores harmonious exterior spaces with its surrounding through contextual architecture. With case studies of Diponegoro University area in Central Java, Indonesia. Diponegoro University area consists of various functions of building complex, hence the exterior spaces criteria are disparate. However, there are no exterior spaces criteria contextual with Diponegoro University area. To solve the problems, this study suggested the following strategies, starting with precedent studies and analysis to identify exterior spaces criteria. Variables in the precedent study are sampled from several complex functions of buildings, namely : complex area of office function, educational function, multipurpose building function, mosque function. Precedent studies and analysis will generate general and specific exterior spaces criteria harmonious with its surrounding and related to the characteristics of each building. Tropical climate and topographic contours are also concerns in formulating general criteria based on campus location. Specific criteria are inferred according to the building based on its function. The result of this paper can be utilized as guideline to designing harmonious exterior spaces. This paper presents exemplary results showing that exterior spaces criteria divided into general and specific criteria.

The land transportation network in Semarang City in the early 20th century

Semarang City is a fascinating city to be studied historically through various aspects, including transportation problems. This paper tries to examine the condition of the transportation network in Semarang at least in the first 30 years of the 20th century. The main problem in this paper is how the condition of the transportation network in Semarang and its impact on Semarang people in the early 20th century. So far, the concern about historical studies in Semarang regarding transportation has always been regarding the railway network centered in this city. However, the railway network is only connecting Semarang with other areas in Central Java and beyond. What about the transportation conditions in the city of Semarang itself?. Of course, the train is not the primary mode if we talk about transportation mode inside the city. In the land transportation network in the big cities in the Dutch East Indies at the end of the 19th century, the mode of transportation using animal power played a huge role. However, changes began to occur when modern transportation modes, such as bicycles, motorbikes, cars, and trams, entered the Dutch East Indies, including Semarang City, at the beginning of the 20th century. The significant impact that occurs is that this mode of transportation provides a new network pattern in transportation, especially the land transportation network in Semarang. This study uses the historical method, which consists of four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this study indicate that there are complex dynamics in the development of land transportation in Semarang, besides that technology plays an essential role in this development.

35. PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS AS A COMORBID AMONG PATIENTS WITH UNCONTROLLED TYPE 2 DIABETIC MELLITUS IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT, KARANGANYAR GENERAL HOSPITAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Background: Although uncontrolled hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has poor prognosis, these cardiometabolic diseases are still considered trivial in rural areas. Moreover, most patients with hypertensive crisis don’t recognize it when it is asymptomatic. Objective: This study aimed to explore the hypertensive crisis in T2DM and become a pilot study in rural areas of Central Java, Indonesia. Method: This was an analytic cross-sectional study conducted at the emergency department, Karanganyar General Hospital, between October to November 2019. Data were taken using data extraction forms that include history taking, physical examination, and laboratory examination. Complete blood count, random blood glucose, and creatinine serum were documented. Data were analyzed using SPSS with univariate and bivariate analysis. Result: Our study involved 171 patients with uncontrolled T2DM in the emergency ward. Around half of the patients were males (59.6%) and above 60 years old (46.8%). Patients with a history of ischemic heart disease, chronic kidney disease, stroke, and diabetic foot were 19.3%, 19.9%, 12.3%, and 21.1%. Patients who arrived with high blood pressure were 53.8%. The hypertensive crisis among uncontrolled T2DM was 10.5% (hypertensive urgency was 5.8%, and hypertensive emergency was 4.7%). There was an association between stroke and diabetic foot towards hypertensive crisis (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The proportion of hypertensive crisis in T2DM patients was higher than in the non-T2DM group. Various factors due to complications from diabetes and low treatment compliance of chronic disease may affect the development of hypertensive crisis.

Evaluasi kebijakan pembangunan daerah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah

National and regional development to improve the economy and people's welfare is carried out with a sustainable concept based on natural resources and with an environmental perspective. To accelerate regional development in Central Java Province, Presidential Regulation number 79 of 2019 has been issued by setting 3 areas in Central Java as a focus, namely Bregasmalang, Kedungsepur and Purwomanggung and 5 other areas as supporting areas. To find out the results of regional development in all cities and districts in Central Java, a regional competitiveness index (RCI) was measured in 2019. From comparing the results of RCI in 3 focus areas and 5 supporting areas, it turns out that the RCI in the focus areas is not higher value than the supporting areas, Bregasmalang 5.86 was lower than Barlingmascakep 6.09; Purwomanggung 4.87 was lower than Subosukowonosraten 5.20, indicating that the policy to determine 3 areas for accelerated development of the region of Central Java Province is not fully evidence- based. The recommendation is that the policy for regional development in Central Java Province in the future is based more on evidence, the results of RCI.

Peningkatan hasil belajar keterampilan bernyanyi melalui media audio visual pada siswa smp

<div>The purpose of this study is to find out the improvement of learning using Audio Visual media on the singing skills and to describe the level of success in the process of singing</div><div>skills through audio visual media of students of class VII B SMP Negeri 2 Pakem. This</div><div>research is a Classroom Action Research consisting of 2 cycles. Each cycle includes planning, action, observation and reflection. The data on the study were taken from students' ability tests and interviews. The results showed the learning process of singing practice with Audio Visual media can improve students' singing skills. This can be seen from the behavior of students in the classroom that students are enthusiastic in participating in learning with Audio Visual media, students are active in exploring learning, and learning outcomes have been obtained by students increased in cycle 2. The test is done in practice based on students' ability to sing songs Central Java area. In addition, the percentage increase can also be seen through the results of tests in cycle 1 of 38.89%, then showed a significant increase after the implementation of cycle 2 which was 83.33%.</div>

Fertilizer Application, Climate Change and Rice Production in Rural Java

Increasing rice production has always been the target of the Indonesian government in maintaining food security. Fertilizer application is a widely accepted strategy to sustain or improve rice production. The use of fertilizers can also have an impact on climate change and decrease soil fertility. This study aims to examine whether the fertilizer application and climate change affect rice production in rural Java. This study applies Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model to analyze the primary data collected from 4 main rice producer areas in Central Java and East Java Province. The results show that the current seed use and organic fertilizer have positive impact on rice production. The current use of pesticide and chemical fertilizer has negative effect. Rainfall shock as a proxy of climate change does not have any effect to rice production. This is due to farmers in the study area already having mitigation strategy to avoid the negative impact of climate change, particularly rainfall shock.

The Soft Layer Thickness Estimation using Microtremor Measurement to Identify Landside Potential in Watukumpul, Central Java, Indonesia.

Watukumpul is an area that is prone to landslides, so determining the soft layer thickness is very important to identify the landslide potential. The soft layer thickness can be estimated using microtremor signal measurements which analyzed using the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR). In this study,we measured microtremor signal of 33location around Watukumpul, Pemalang, Central Java area to determine soft layer thickness. Micretremor signal was analyzed based on theHVSR method using Geopsy software and follow the standard of the Sesame Europan Project. The results of the HVSR method are the HVSR curve that fulfills the reliable curve standard. HVSR curve shows that the dominant frequency of soft layer ranges from 1.36 – 7.62 Hz and the amplification values ranges from 9.00 – 41.45. The soft layer thickness value in the study area ranges from 17.58 - 103.60 meters. The high landslide potential area are located at W7, W8, W18, W30 and W32 where has thin soft layer and high soil slope.

Upaya Edukasi Kader Kesehatan dan Ibu Hamil untuk Peningkatan Cakupan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap di Kecamatan Pamotan Kabupaten Rembang

Immunisation is one of the health programs which considered cost-effective and able to prevent millions of deaths and disability which caused by diseases which could be prevented by immunisation. For the past years, the coverage of Basic Complete Immunisation has been increasing in several areas in Central Java. However, there were still some community groups that believed immunisation was harmful for their children and they did not allow their children to be vaccinated. This condition could cause a new case of diseases which usually can be prevented by immunisation, such as Polio, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Hepatitis, and many more. Therefore, this program held to refresh the cadres knowledge about immunisation also provide more knowledge for pregnant mother about immunisation so they agree to let their children vaccinated after they born until they complete the basic immunisation. This community service heldin January – February 2020 in Sendangagung Village, Pamotan, Rembang District. The participants were health cadres and pregnant woman in Sendangagung Village, Pamotan, Rembang District. This event started with a mini pre-test, explanation about immunisation, and discussion. Participants stated that this event increase and refresh their knowledge about immunisation. Moreover, participants also get a booklet about the immunisation so the health cadres might use this booklet as their education media to educate other pregnant women and toddler’s parents about immunisation.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI GANGGUAN PADA TANAMAN JAMBU AIR MENGGUNAKAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR

The state of Indonesia, especially in the area of Central Java, is one of the largest producers of water guava. Some farmers rely on the results of guava cultivation as the basis for the family's economy because the guava harvest is quite promising. However, in certain seasons, water guava plants are often attacked by various kinds of pest and disease season disturbances. So that it can reduce crop yields or even cause crop failure. To overcome this problem, fast and precise action is needed so that the guava plant is protected from various kinds of pests and diseases. The method of developing an expert system for disturbance in water guava plants is the best solution in order to identify disturbances in water guava plants as early as possible. The method used in this expert system is the certainty factor method. With this method, several experts are needed to provide data related to disturbances in water guava plants. The expert system for guava plant disorders is designed using a web-based PHP programming language. In designing the knowledge base, which is the core of this system, is made dynamically to make it easier to add new data.

Physical deterioration of soil and rice productivity in rural Java

Soil degradation is one of the world’s most serious ecological and environmental problems affected agricultural productions. The agricultural sector defines land degradation as a process of decreasing land productivity that is temporary or permanent, characterized by a decrease in physical, chemical, and biological properties. This study aims to investigate the impact physical deterioration of which occurs in the form of structure fertilizer application on rice productivity. This study applied Autoregressive model to analyse the primary data collected from 4 main rice producer areas in Central Java and East Java, namely Cilacap, Grobogan, Lamongan and Jember. The results show that previous chemical fertilizer use has negative impacts on rice productivity. Inorganic chemical fertilizers have an important role in increasing productivity, but at the same time the uncontrolled use of it is one of the causes of the decline in the quality of biological, physical, and chemical fertility of the soil.

Performing Arts Experiment of Central Java Amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic

The research aimed to investigate three cultural events:Panggung Kahanan, Lembah Gana Festival, and Semarang musicians' movement, along with their cultural strategy amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in the research was the Sociology of Art approach, focusing on the event and artwork productions. The data were collected from the interviews with the artists involved inPanggung Kahanan and Lembah Gana Festivalevents and Semarang musicians. The data collection methods used in the research were observation and in-depth interviews. The observation method covered the data related to the event and work productions. The in-depth interview covered the data related to the event and work concepts. The analytical method used in the research was to investigate how far the art experiment had an impact on the performing arts ecosystem in Central Java and the cultural strategy for the art and cultural resilience amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. The research showed that the Covid-19 pandemic opened many new opportunities to continue experimenting and adapting in the art and cultural areas in Central Java.

Forecast of COVID-19 cemetery land needs with system dynamics modeling

As of June 30, 2021, Indonesia ranks third in Asia with the highest number of deaths due to COVID-19. One of the provinces in Indonesia, Central Java, is ranked third nationally in the accumulation of positive cases, recoveries, and deaths. Fulfilling the need for burial grounds for COVID-19 positive bodies needs attention because several countries and regions in Indonesia were experiencing a COVID-19 public cemetery land crisis. Sragen Regency is one area in Central Java designated as a red zone. The number of death cases is relatively high needs to ensure the availability of COVID-19 burial grounds. Therefore, this study aims to model the forecast for COVID-19 burial grounds. The approach used in this research is systems thinking, while the method used is system dynamics with Powersim software. Reference data for modeling is obtained from the http://corona.sragenkab.go.id page. The simulation results show the AME value of 4.7% or less than 5% so that the model is declared valid. Based on the Business as Usual (BAU) simulation, in the 20th week, it is estimated that there will be 320 deaths with a burial area of 961.13 m². Until the 20th week, the increase in COVID-19 Positive Population, Death, and Cemetery Land Needs on the graph of the BAU simulation results shows an exponential growth trend.

Rural livelihood resilience on multiple dimensions: a case study from selected coastal areas in Central Java

Rural livelihood resilience on multiple dimensions: a case study from selected coastal areas in Central Java

The Development of Local Culture as a Model for the Development of Maritime Tourism: A Study on Ritual Sedekah Laut in Gempolsewu Weleri

The Sedekah Laut in Gempolsewu ritual is a traditional ritual of fishermen in Weleri which is held every year. Philosophically, Sedekah Laut is an activity as a form of gratitude to God for the gifts and salvation that has been given. The Weleri Kendal area is included in the Regional Tourism Corridor development plan aimed at developing maritime tourism. This paper focuses on maritime tourism modeling for creative sustainable regional development by developing a unique identity or characteristic in the Weleri area with the aim of increasing community empowerment and income. This article describes the basic concept of developing local culture as a form of maritime tourism development, explaining the relationship between the maritime tourism product model and the development of local culture in the context of empowerment and increasing community income. The basic for the development of local culture includes: Publication or introducing Gempolsewu as a maritime area in Central Java. Developing the diversity of cultural arts of the Gempolsewu community in the form of cultural attractions and making collaborations between cultural attractions and the availability of distinctive culinary delights. Advancing the folk handicraft industry to support the development of maritime tourism areas in Gempolsewu.

Agroforestry potential in CDK IX’s assisted areas of the Central Java Environment and Forestry Agency

Agroforestry is a form of sustainable farming that human needs, especially food, are met without jeopardizing future needs. Agroforestry is an urgent need, especially in highland areas in Central Java, which choose monoculture agriculture with high economic benefits but can damage the environment and endanger the ecosystem. Since 2017, the Government through the Regional Forestry Service Branch Office IX (CDK Wilayah IX), has guided farming communities in Magelang and Temanggung. However, the agroforestry output cannot be measured economically since the plant’s age was only three years old. Using in-depth interviews and field observations, this study found that the CDK IX farming community has implemented agrosilvopastoral farming that there are arrangements for cropping and spacing patterns and agricultural support livestock. In addition, there is a pattern of alternate spatial rows that the planting rows were arranged. The potential for agroforestry success in this region was identified due to the support of government development through field extension workers, local leadership, and local wisdom. However, low community participation, low education and knowledge, and seeds acceptance from donors were not in the planting period.

Prospecting postharvest processing of agricultural and social forest products at Gerlang Village, Central Java

Farmers’ poverty and forest destruction are common problems in social forest areas of Central Java, Indonesia, including Gerlang Village, a rural area in Batang Regency. Major of the population of this village is members of Social Forest Farmer Group. This study aimed to study the prospect of postharvest processing of agricultural and social forest products to improve both economic level of forest farmers and preservation quality of forests at the Village. Information collection was conducted through a field survey, direct interview and literature study followed by a strength, weakness, opportunity, and thread analysis. The study had been carried out during August 2019 with sample size of 10 social forest farmers. The obtained data was then qualitatively analyzed. The study revealed that major problems of social forest farmers at the village are: Dependence of farmers’ income on the selling of raw potato, falling of potato price due to overproduction, unavailability of postharvest processing of potatoes, lack of encouragement towards cultivation of Carica and Tamarillo trees as part of forest preservation, high competition in processing products of Carica and Tamarillo at present, lack of farmers’ skills in financial management and marketing of agricultural products. To cope with the problems, it is necessary to process raw potatoes into flour, chips and sticks and to support diversification of Carica and Tamarillo processed products. Farmers’ financial management skills including e-commerce strategies should also be increased.