Arduino IDE Research Articles

Android guided arduino car

This paper aims to design an Android interface, an Arduino bot, and write a program on the Arduino microprocessor. Arduino cars contain Arduino microcontrollers with basic mobility features. Arduino programs contain instructions for mediating between an Android controller and an Arduino car. Android mobile controllers use different mobile sensors to supervise motion. An appropriate program in the Arduino microprocessor to interact with the Android controller has to be created. The program has been successfully compiled through the Arduino IDE on the Arduino microprocessor and loaded into it after proper checking of the logic to decrease any loss or damage to the hardware. An Android application is created that provides the user with an interface to interact with the Arduino-powered car. The interface is easy to use and provides feedback from the Arduino microprocessor through Bluetooth after giving instructions to the Arduino for various actions through the interface. The Android application is to be created with the help of Android Studio, which provides more capability and stability. After doing all of this, the application is thoroughly tested, and the maximum number of errors and wrong logic in the microprocessor program are found.

Smart Soil Moisture Control Based on IoT ESP-32 for Horticulture Cultivation in Coastal Area

Optimal and effective use of water in coastal areas is an essential aspect of plant growth in horticulture and the maintenance of water availability. It is necessary to monitor soil moisture continuously as the basis for watering time. However, it is hard for farmers to be in the field frequently to monitor the land humidity, even using an instrument to measure it at the site. It is needed a monitoring technique that can control the land humidity remotely. This paper presents a design of wireless soil moisture measurement based on the Internet of Things. We applied capacitive soil moisture sensors coupled with an ESP32 WIFI with a built-in 12-bit ADC function for reading analog sensor output and establishing a wireless connection to the internet network. The ESP32 was programmed using Arduino software. We made a web-based user interface and Google spreadsheet application using the Nodered which is a programmable IoT platform to show soil moisture and control the irrigation sprayers through the pump.

Non-linear AUV Controller Design Using Logic-Based Switching PID Control

The inspection of pipes without stopping pipeline operations is of industrial interest due to the inherent economic benefits. A pipe inspection robot design is proposed together with a suitable motion controller. The proposed robot is an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) architecture that does not require shunting, draining or unearthing pipework for inspection purposes. This posed the challenge of controlling the AUV through a narrow pipe where manouvers are restricted. A set of general non-linear equations of motion were identified and refined using existing research and strip theory. The non-linear analytical model was implemented in Simulink to enable real-time monitoring and controller tuning. A non-linear controller based on a combination of classical PID theory and switching logic was developed to control the platform. The controller was transplanted into a Hardware-in-Loop (HIL) testing model developed with the Arduino and Simulink software suites. Pool tests measuring the parameters pitch and yaw angles showed that when operated independently with a 5° input, the maximum overshoot was 0.5° or 10% of the command value with a maximum angular velocity of 1.25°/s. When operated simultaneously, the overshoot rose to 30% with a constant error in the region of 1° over the target. Distance readings conducted with ultrasonic sensors to the pipe wall showed constant Sway-Heave bias errors from the centerline as −5 mm, and 4 mm, respectively, with an error range of 4 mm / −7 mm for Sway and 6 mm/ −4 mm for Heave. Pitch and heave motions were up to 18% faster than yaw and sway motions due to actuator orientation, with speeds of 6.25°/s and 40.57 mm/s, respectively. Despite the turbulence present during tests, the controller successfully drove the AUV to target positions through active flow and presented a reasonable basis for further refinement.

Enhancing Electoral Integrity: A Fingerprint-Verified Voting System for Fair and Secure Elections

Voting is a significant method through which citizens in democratic nations like India can express their opinions. Voters often use polling booths to cast their ballots. Voting is now done via an electronic voting machine thanks to advancements in technology. This essay discusses a fingerprint-verified voting machine that is Internet of Things based. The primary goals of this project are to decrease voting malpractices and make voting safer with fingerprint verification. Voter information is kept in a database along with their fingerprint. The system verifies the user's Aadhaar number and, if verified, determines whether more than one vote has been cast if the fingerprint matches the stored fingerprint. A "Matching failed" message will appear if the fingerprint matching is incorrect, and an "Aadhar not match" message will appear if the Aadhaar number is incorrect. The controller used in this project is an Arduino Uno. The user's fingerprint is used for authentication. Everybody's fingerprints differ from one another, if not slightly. A notification stating "Already voted" will appear in the event of malpractice. The ballot card is displayed and the result is stored on the cloud using the Arduino IDE for board programming. Only authorized voters may cast ballots, and the system alerts users to instances of fraud. This project ensures fair elections and protects citizens' right to vote.

Light-Based Positioning System Using Arduino

The Light Positioning System (LPS) represents an innovative technology employed for precise object localization by utilizing light as a positional reference. This method encompasses the utilization of light sources, such as LED lights or other visible light emitters, which can be strategically positioned at various orientations and angles. This research centers on the practical implementation of the LPS paradigm through the application of Arduino. Additionally, the study involves the integration of the Kalman filter algorithm within the Arduino framework to enhance the accuracy of sensor data estimations. The LPS implementation employs distinct sensors, namely the Photoresistor LM393, Photodiode LM393, and TF-Luna Lidar. The programming is accomplished using the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE), while the hardware framework is based on the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller. In this research, the ESP32 module plays a pivotal role as it establishes a seamless connection between the sensor data and the Blynk platform. This integration empowers effective and comprehensive data monitoring and analysis, facilitating real-time tracking and evaluation of the LPS system's performance. The photoresistor exhibits better reading accuracy compared to the photodiode, as evident from the obtained RMSE values. The KF PR with 16 LEDs has the smallest RMSE value, which is 0,03. The TF-Luna LiDAR sensor readings are more accurate and effective under well-lit conditions as opposed to low-light conditions. The RMSE value at lux 160 is 1,28 , while the RMSE value at lux 2 is 3,32

A Method of Anti-Windup PID Controller for a BLDC-Drive System

This research aims to enhance control systems for Brushless DC (BLDC) motors by introducing Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control as a straightforward yet reliable solution, known for its precision, quick responsiveness, and stability. Emphasizing its suitability for BLDC motor speed control, the study addresses PID controller windup challenges, highlighting anti-windup techniques crucial for maintaining system stability. The primary focus is on improving the performance of an anti-windup PID controller for BLDC motor speed control in electric vehicles. Through simulations and analyses, the research aims to minimize steady-state error and overshooting, contributing to overall operational efficiency. Practical implementation involves optimizing the PID anti-windup controller's gain using the MATLAB PID Tuner and implementing it in the Arduino IDE. Experimental tests, which cover constant and varying step function scenarios, are conducted on the designed hardware. Results show the PID anti-windup controller's superiority, exhibiting significantly lower overshoot values of 5.42% and 3.35% compared to 13.26% and 23.76%, respectively. Despite its higher control action, the traditional PID controller displays a more pronounced overshoot. This research is a significant step toward advancing control systems for electric vehicles and optimizing BLDC motor performance in practical applications.

Development of Smart Gloves Prototype for Cyclists

Smart technologies have set their own standards and made their way into the current period. In that way, smart gloves have their own reputation for various purposes, such as gaming, boxing, power lifting, etc. However, there are not many smart gloves exclusively for cyclists in the market. Smart gloves for cyclists would be beneficial for monitoring their vitals during the athletic training or tracking their activity. There are few highly expensive wearable activity monitors that results in detecting the abnormal health status before it affects the athlete, during cycling and resistance exercise. In this paper, a smart glove prototype for cyclists is developed using Arduino software with affordable price, accurate reading of the heart rate, and oxygen-saturated level in the blood using MAX30100 sensor. The GPS enables locating and detecting the location of the user during the cycling activities. The determined data will be displayed on the Android smart phone of the user with the support of Bluetooth connection. The values can be monitored in real time, benefiting the user to act accordingly to the values in case of any significant abnormalities seen during the cycling activity. MIT app inventor had contributed a great part in accomplishing the mobile application for monitoring. As a result, in this study the developed prototype compensates the limitations of the existing smart glove and in cooperated it for serving its purpose at an affordable price.

Advancement of microcontroller-based fire suppression system for enhanced safety in sugar cane plantations

The occurrence of accidental fires in sugarcane plantations is a significant cause of pre-harvest loss in the sugar industry, particularly during arid seasons. This paper introduces the conceptualization and implementation of a microcontroller-based prototype system for mitigating accidental fires in sugar cane plantations. The proposed system encompasses two distinct subsystems: the field monitoring and the fire control unit. The Field monitoring system, deployed within the sugarcane field, assumes responsibility for fire detection via smoke detectors, infrared detectors, as well as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide detectors, which are accompanied by a fire extinguishing mechanism. Conversely, the fire control unit, installed at the fire brigade office, establishes wireless communication with the field monitoring system through the global system for mobile communication (GSM) network. Upon detecting a fire, the microcontroller promptly dispatches a fire alert to the fire brigade while simultaneously activating water pumps to suppress the fire until the brigade arrives to fully extinguish it. Furthermore, the fire control unit triggers the fire alarm and exhibits the global positioning system (GPS) coordinates of the burning field to facilitate precise localization. The proposed system uses the Arduino-Mega and Arduino- Leonardo microcontroller platforms and is programmed using the C++ programming language in Visual-Studio-Code software and the Arduino integrated development environment. Designed prototype can detect fires and alert the fire brigade in less than twenty seconds and activate water pumps in less than one second after fire detection.

Sistem Otomatis Pengendalian Pakan Ikan dengan Sumber Energi Matahari Menggunakan Mikrokontroller Arduino

Humans have made many discoveries in the modern era that make work easier, including advances in technology, healthcare, agriculture, and cultivation. Automated methods and equipment are among thedevelopments that make human work easier. As a result, a device for feeding fish that can functionautomatically according to the feeding plan and time is designed using a servo motor controller for the fishfeeder powered by solar energy and an Arduino microcontroller module as the controller program. Solarpanels are power plants that receive power from sunlight and are equipped with a charge controller. Theinverter acts as a DC to AC voltage converter, while the battery stores and distributes the voltage. Thescheduling system used by this tool is determined by Arduino software that has been programmed in astructured manner. It will operate on a pre-set schedule, which requires it to be used between 8 am and 5pm, and its output capacity of 10 feed container valve openings is set consistently and pre-programmed.During the test, the average power consumption was 142.75 watts during the day and 125.72 watts at night,with a total consumption of 108.93 watts at night.

Improving the IT Competence of Vocational High School Teachers with Internet of Things Training Based on ESP 8266

Abstract. This training aims to improve participants' understanding and skills of SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta Teachers in developing IoT applications using the ESP8266 module. The employed training techniques encompass both theoretical and practical modules, as well as interactive group discussions. Trainees are interested in technology and want to expand their knowledge of IoT. During the training, participants were given an understanding of the basic concepts of IoT, an introduction to the ESP8266 module, and how to use the Arduino IDE for microcontroller programming. The results of this dedication show a significant increase in participants' understanding and skills after attending the training. Participants can understand the basic principles of wireless communication, install, and configure the ESP8266 module, and develop simple IoT applications. Evaluation of the participants showed high satisfaction with this training. The training was deemed highly beneficial and applicable to the participants' everyday routines. Participants also feel more confident in facing challenges in developing IoT applications. The training program is expected to yield enduring advantages, foster indigenous ingenuity, and enhance community engagement with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology.

Automatic Tube Counter Monitoring System using Infrared Sensor based on NODEMCU ESP8266

Technology is needed in every industry because it can simplify the production process, improve production quality, and enhance the company's reputation in the sight of consumers. The cylinder counting activity at PT Batuah Energi Indonesia is still done manually, involving time and standardized estimation of LPG cylinder loads, which faces inaccuracy issues. In fact, PT Batuah Energi Indonesia has facilities that handle many LPG cylinders from various users and providers of LPG cylinders. While accurate cylinder counts are beneficial to the industry, companies need technology that can automatically calculate the number of filled LPG cylinders. Therefore, this study was carried out to demonstrate to students how to develop automatic tube counters using an infrared E18-D80NK as a tube detector, NodeMCU microcontrollers ESP8266 as controllers, Arduino IDE for developing programs, and IoT for remote monitoring. The developed device approach, specifically using the E18-D80NK infrared proximity sensor based on the NodeMCU ESP8266, can be coded using the Arduino IDE compiler. For the detection of the number of tubes, the E18-EN80K infrared sensor is used and data transmission wirelessly utilizes the Blynk application. The results of the automatic tube counter monitoring tool were successfully tested with a 100% accuracy rate, utilizing the E18-D80NK infrared sensor and NodeMCU microcontroller ESP8266, and can be monitored remotely using Blynk.

Enhanced Solar Tracking System Using Internet of Things Technology

Solar energy has grown in popularity in recent years. Conventional solar panels cannot provide enough energy to meet consumer demand. Therefore, more solar panels are needed to meet consumer demand. The Internet of Things (IoT) Solar Tracker maximises solar energy collecting by connecting the physical and digital worlds. This study integrates IoT to improve solar tracker performance. Blynk uses the NodeMCU ESP8266 control unit to monitor voltage, current, and power usage. This research uses the Arduino IDE, a photoresistor sensor, and a current sensor, INA219. This work advances solar energy efficiency. By comparing solar panel electrical qualities in different environments, this research succeeded. To assess solar panel efficiency, 5 V and 12 V fans were used as loads. The results demonstrated that load configuration deliberately influences power and energy production. Solar panels produced greater power and energy under 12 V fan loads than 5 V loads. This observation assists solar energy system analysis and design. Second, the IoT solar tracker was tested for electricity harvesting. The solar tracker harvested more solar energy than a fixed orientation. After tracking the sun, it enhances voltage, current, power, and energy by 30%. Web dashboards and smartphone apps allow real-time IoT device monitoring and control. The interactive web dashboard displayed solar panel data. Track electrical properties and sunshine intensity. IoT devices influence solar tracker decisions and promote sustainable energy.Keywords: IoT solar tracker, Blynk application, NodeMCU ESP8266

Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Krisan Fase Vegetative Dengan Sistem Penyiraman Otomatis Berbasis Arduino (Sensor Kelembaban Tanah))

This study aims to examine the survival and growth of chrysanthemum plants on Arduino-based automatic watering. The procedure of this research included making the ardiuno uno automatic watering device, planting potted chrysanthemum, testing the tool and collecting data on the growth and humidity of potted chrysanthemum. The experiment consisted of 2 treatments, namely watering using an Arduino software based on a humidity sensor and manual watering. The plant varieties used in this study were yellow standard chrysanthemum, red standard chrysanthemum and white standard chrysanthemum. After the plants were 2 weeks after planting (MST), vegetative growth was measured once a week for 7 weeks. Survival analysis was carried out by calculating the percentage of live and dead individual watering results. Growth analysis was performed by multivariete cluster analysis and bioplots using the paleontological statistics (PAST) program. The results of the calculation of the survival percentage show that the watering that has the best survival is arduino uno(DA) watering with 83% and the survival from manual watering (KO) is 80%. The results of the adaptation similarity analysis based on growth characteristics can be grouped into 2 parts. The first group with adaptive characters were DA-SP, KO-SP, KO-SK and DA-SK. The second group with more adaptive characters were DA-SM and KO-SM.

Development of Wireless Smart Current Sensor for Power Monitoring System

The traditional distribution network must be replaced by a smart grid, durable, and dependable, due to the rising demand for power by the customer. The smart grid will need a smart monitoring system based on the smart current sensor at all buildings to determine the power consumption with its costs. This paper proposed a wireless monitoring system for measuring the three-phase currents in the building by using three HW-666 current sensors with Arduino and ESP32 microcontrollers to transmit the data according to the Internet of Things (IoT) technique to the Telegram app on the mobile phone. The power consumption is determined by assuming the constant voltages and power factor at the building that is tested with this monitoring system. The results are scheduled on the personal computer (PC) by using the serial monitor of the Arduino software and also by receiving the message every 20 minutes on the telegram app furthermore, real-time data can be obtained immediately upon receiving transmitted commands from the Telegram application. In addition, this monitoring system is designed to cut off power to the building and sound an alarm if abnormal currents are detected. The proposed monitoring system is given the same results when a comparison with the ammeter with errors not exceeding 10%.

Creating Parking System with Arduino Software

This Project Holds up in doing up with the smart parking system with Arduino UNO and the effective way of using this parking system more efficiently and flexible with the existing parking system. If this parking system comes into existence it will make the end users more flexible and comfortable when compared with the existing parking system. It makes the end users more flexible now-a-days customers want the things to be more secure but they want to do them so much easier. So, this project would be one to provide the best parking system experience ever before. If this project were implemented in the real-world scenario it would give the end-users a lot of advantages like fuel consumption, manpower which would result in making lots of companies install this system for their parking slots. Now-a-days the biggest problem in lots of cities like Madras, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Mumbai is they don’t have the parking slots to make there parking and that makes the customers to become angry and takes lots of time to search their free space and park at their right place and this even results in the wastage of fuel during their roaming in search of the parking slots. So, in this project I came out with a small innovative idea to overcome this parking problem, especially available in Indian places. Let’s take a look at the Intelligent Parking System with Arduino UNO in this documentation in detail.

Development of an IoT Tool for Optimizing Humidity Control in Cocoa Cultivation

The following document presents the development of a humidity sensor for cocoa crops using IoT and Arduino. Its purpose is to showcase the various applications that new technologies can offer, particularly in the cocoa industry. It involves designing a humidity sensor node to measure changes in humidity and temperature using the electronic design tool Proteus. The measurement module is programmed in Arduino IDE and connected to the cloud via IoT, incorporating Node-RED as a means to remotely visualize real-time results. This is achieved through a presentation dashboard as the final output of the measurement process, collecting data on climate changes received by the transducer and comparing them with data obtained from the web over a specified period. This process verifies the sensor's efficiency and data accuracy, setting a precedent for future research in applied electronics, IoT, and telecommunications.

Test Control of Inclusive Physical Education: Assessment Using the Newest Electronics

The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a device developed based on the latest electronics to control the coordination of movements of the lower limbs of students with disabilities. Materials and methods. 34 students with disabilities were involved in the study. At the time of the experiment, they had functional disorders of the lower limbs as a result of injuries and received a doctor’s permission to participate in the experiment. The research was conducted at the theoretical and empirical levels, using the following methods: analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization, technical modeling, pedagogical testing, and mathematical statistics. Results. In the research process, a device was used, which was developed as part of the conducted research. The device consists of two rubber mats in which capacitive proximity sensors are placed. The test task involves recording the number of touches of rubber mats in 20 seconds. The information received from the sensors during the student’s performance of the test task, namely the alternate touching of the rubber mat with the big toe, is sent to the microcontroller via an infrared communication line. The development uses a high-performance microcontroller ATMega 328P, which can support a wide range of sensors and generate information about the time and frequency of leg movements. The signals of the student’s toes touching the rubber mats, received by capacitive sensors, are processed by a microcontroller and displayed on a PC through a serial connection and using the Arduino software, which allows reading the received information about the execution of movements. Under the conditions of the pedagogical experiment, we tried to determine the quality of the measurement results. According to the obtained numerical indicators, the numerical values of the test authenticity obtained by the traditional method of fixing the results by a specialist correspond to the value “low”. The results of the validity calculations showed that the correlation between the test measurement results and the evaluation results using the developed device was optimal with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.6. Conclusions. The importance of a high level of development of the coordination of movements of the lower limbs of students with disabilities is determined by the need to develop this quality to ensure the effectiveness of their rehabilitation in the process of inclusive PE. The analysis of the obtained material allows us to state that the practical application of the inclusive PE device developed based on the latest electronics will allow scientifically based optimization of this process to ensure its effectiveness.

Development of a Low-Cost, Open-Source LoRA-based SCADA System for Remote Monitoring of a Hybrid Power System for an Offshore Aquaculture Site in Newfoundland

In this article a low-cost and open-source Internet of Things (IoT) based Supervisory, Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system for remote monitoring of the hybrid power system for an offshore aquaculture site is presented. The selected site is situated 2 km away from the coastline where there is no electrical utility infrastructure and limited communication options are available. The hardware of the designed system primarily consists of six field sensors, Arduino Leonardo as Remote Terminal Unit (RTU), LoRA (Long Range) gateway, cables, AC/DC current and voltage supplies. Arduino IDE, AWS, Influx DB, and Grafana provide the software support. The field sensors are responsible for measuring the solar, battery, inverter & generator currents, along with battery voltage and temperature. All of the field sensors except the temperature sensor send the data to RTU which further delivers it to The Things Network (TTN) cloud. With the help of influx DB, AWS cloud computing services, and Grafana, the data can be stored and visualized through interactive yet informative graphs. The graphs display the historical and live data of each sensor. Further, it also gives the option to set alarms and alerts on user-defined conditions to improve control over the hybrid power system. The complete hardware is assembled and tested in Memorial University’s Power lab. The developed system was supplied with variable current/voltage supplies and the data was logged for three continuous hours. However, the data can be stored for a much longer duration as per user’s requirement. The hardware and the results presented here are a testament that the proposed design system is capable of providing a remote monitoring solution for the offshore aquaculture site.

Program control of obstacle avoidance and bridging cars at different angles

This design aims to solve the problem of being unable to move forward due to obstacles during earthquakes. Through this program, unmanned vehicles can adjust their angles by identifying obstacles. This article uses Arduino software for programming, achieving automatic recognition of programs from different angles. Thus achieving precise angle control and exploring the differences in programs from different perspectives. Compared to traditional manual driving, unmanned obstacle avoidance vehicles can reduce risks and accidents, thereby improving road safety. In the event of an earthquake, there may be obstacles such as building collapse and accumulation on the road, which brings difficulties and risks to the driving of vehicles. Through this design, unmanned vehicles can use sensors such as lasers or cameras to perceive the surrounding environment in real-time, and use algorithms to determine and recognize the position and shape of obstacles. Once an obstacle is found, the unmanned vehicle will automatically adjust its angle to bypass or cross the obstacle, ensuring the safe driving of the vehicle. The design uses Arduino software for programming, which is an open source electronic prototype platform with easy to learn and use features. By programming, unmanned vehicles can be accurately controlled based on different angles and obstacle shapes. This can improve the maneuverability and adaptability of unmanned vehicles, enabling them to flexibly respond to various road conditions and obstacles.

Proposal for the Possibility of Teaching Programming in the Subject of Computer Science using Autodesk Tinkercad

In today's world, we are witnessing a rapid boom in the implementation of various elements of robotics, intelligent, learning and other systems in our daily lives. The emphasis is on a multidisciplinary approach. These systems build on both hardware and software. Therefore, the question of programming is topical and we meet processors at every step. Our goal is to show within a few lessons the possibility of learning the principles of processor programming in a simple way, without the need for deeper knowledge of electronics or hardware. The use of the Arduino platform appears to be advantageous in this regard. It provides enough power and flexibility for educational purposes, while the Arduino IDE development environment is simple enough. Due to its diversity in terms of robustness and performance, Arduino is also widely used in practice, usually as an extension of existing systems. As an example, we can mention e.g. unmanned UAVs, camera or security systems, control and signaling systems, etc. Therefore, we see the sense of dealing with Arduino in education as well.