Manuscript Processing Research Articles

FROM METRIC IMAGE ARCHIVES TO POINT CLOUD RECONSTRUCTION: CASE STUDY OF THE GREAT MOSQUE OF ALEPPO IN SYRIA

Abstract. The paper presents photogrammetric archives from Aleppo (Syria), collected between 1999 and 2002 by the Committee for maintenance and restoration of the Great Mosque in partnership with the Engineering Unit of the University of Aleppo. During that period, terrestrial photogrammetric data and geodetic surveys of the Great Omayyad mosque were recorded for documentation purposes and geotechnical studies. During the recent war in Syria, the Mosque has unfortunately been seriously damaged and its minaret has been completely destroyed. The paper presents a summary of the documentation available from the past projects as well as solutions of 3D reconstruction based on the processing of the photogrammetric archives with the latest 3D image-based techniques.

Processing of acceleration and dive data on-board satellite relay tags to investigate diving and foraging behaviour in free-ranging marine predators.

Biologging technologies are changing the way in which the marine environment is observed and monitored. However, because device retrieval is typically required to access the high‐resolution data they collect, their use is generally restricted to those animals that predictably return to land. Data abstraction and transmission techniques aim to address this, although currently these are limited in scope and do not incorporate, for example, acceleration measurements which can quantify animal behaviours and movement patterns over fine‐scales.In this study, we present a new method for the collection, abstraction and transmission of accelerometer data from free‐ranging marine predators via the Argos satellite system. We test run the technique on 20 juvenile southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina from the Kerguelen Islands during their first months at sea following weaning. Using retrieved archival data from nine individuals that returned to the colony, we compare and validate abstracted transmissions against outputs from established accelerometer processing procedures.ed transmissions included estimates, across five segments of a dive profile, of time spent in prey catch attempt (PrCA) behaviours, swimming effort and pitch. These were then summarised and compared to archival outputs across three dive phases: descent, bottom and ascent. Correlations between the two datasets were variable but generally good (dependent on dive phase, marginal R 2 values of between .45 and .6 to >.9) and consistent between individuals. Transmitted estimates of PrCA behaviours and swimming effort were positively biased to those from archival processing.Data from this study represent some of the first remotely transmitted quantifications from accelerometers. The methods presented and analysed can be used to provide novel insight towards the behaviours and movements of free‐ranging marine predators, such as juvenile southern elephant seals, from whom logger retrieval is challenging. Future applications could however benefit from some adaption, particularly to reduce positive bias in transmitted PrCA behaviours and swimming effort, for which this study provides useful insight.

PERANCANGAN APLIKASI PENGARSIPAN BERKAS DSO GURU BERBASIS WEB (STUDI KASUS: SMK MUHAMMADIYAH 2 KUNINGAN)

AbstractInside An organization / institution in which there are labor / employee are important documents of the employees in it. Activity in school SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Kuningan could not be separated with the activities of labor / employee in it, including the documentation of the teaching force, be it filing certificate, decree, until the letter of assignment and a seminar attended by the teaching staff. Archiving documents (DSO) is usually done manually stored and managed by the administrative staff. The archiving process is still manual that cause a variety of problems that often occur as the number of the document to be archived, the time required in the search process files, up to a lecturer who did not report the files relating to the institution, such as education and seminars have been followed. Application design data file on a web-based school teacher SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Kuningan provides applications to manage, store and search the data files of teachers in SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Kuningan. In this application the faculty will be given access rights to login to update your personal file with upload to the system in the form of image format scanning results. Further, the application was built to help manage the archiving process data file teachers become more effective and efficient. This application is designed to use web-based programming language that is PHP and the MySQL database, to be accessible to all faculty anywhere and anytime. System development method used in this application development using RUP (Rational Unified Process).�Keyword: Archiving DSO, SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Kuningan, web programming, php, MySQL

ROSETTA: How to archive more than 10 years of mission

The Rosetta spacecraft was launched in 2004 and, after several planetary and two asteroid fly-bys, arrived at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in August 2014. After escorting the comet for two years and executing its scientific observations, the mission ended on 30 September 2016 through a touch down on the comet surface. This paper describes how the Planetary Science Archive (PSA) and the Planetary Data System – Small Bodies Node (PDS-SBN) worked with the Rosetta instrument teams to prepare the science data collected over the course of the Rosetta mission for inclusion in the science archive. As Rosetta is an international mission in collaboration between ESA and NASA, all science data from the mission are fully archived within both the PSA and the PDS. The Rosetta archiving process, supporting tools, archiving systems, and their evolution throughout the mission are described, along with a discussion of a number of the challenges faced during the Rosetta implementation. The paper then presents the current status of the archive for each of the science instruments, before looking to the improvements planned both for the archive itself and for the Rosetta data content. The lessons learned from the first 13 years of archiving on Rosetta are finally discussed with an aim to help future missions plan and implement their science archives.

Nuclear Beliefs: A Leader-Focused Theory of Counter-Proliferation

ABSTRACTWhy do some leaders use preventive military force to destroy another country's nuclear program, while others do not? Despite nuclear proliferation becoming a growing source of concern, counter-proliferation decision making remains poorly understood. Additionally, though the preventive logic pervades the scholarship as one potential state response to relative decline, it remains unclear when this leads to war and when it does not, especially in the nuclear context. This article demonstrates that the decision to consider and use preventive force rests not only on material factors but more importantly on a leader's prior beliefs about nuclear proliferation and the threat posed by a specific adversary. Conducting original archival research and process tracing, this manuscript examines American decision making against the Communist Chinese nuclear program, and demonstrates that Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson held fundamentally different nuclear beliefs that led to radically different preventive war preferences.

Putting History to Work: The Labor Archives of Washington as a Model for Forging Stronger Connections between Labor and the Academy

In 2008, labor history in the Pacific Northwest was facing a crisis. Collections were being thrown away or were decaying in basements, attics, sheds, and boiler rooms. Records creators needed a place to save their treasures from age, mildew, and insects. Even collections that were retained and stored in good conditions were inaccessible to scholars, remaining unstudied. Reduced in staff due to the recession, the University of Washington’s Special Collections library division was unable to accept new collections or process existing ones. Two thousand cubic feet of labor-related holdings existed in various states of preservation and description; many collections lacked online finding aids, and those with them often lacked detailed inventories. No online topical listing of labor collections existed, so remote or inexperienced researchers had to either visit in person or rely on remote reference queries to understand UW’s labor holdings. The labor community had no place to donate their records even if those materials survived moves, mergers, or leadership changes. Researchers had very limited ability to understand the significance, scope, or intellectual contents of collections.That year, a group affiliated with the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) approached the chair of the Harry Bridges Center for Labor Studies at the UW (James Gregory) about this crisis. Together, they formulated a bold solution: found a labor archives. The Bridges Center group approached UW’s libraries about partnering to found the Labor Archives of Washington (LAW). The resulting fundraising campaign was a surprising success. The ILWU’s Longshore Division provided critical and sustained funding; the Washington State Labor Council provided the go-ahead, fundraising help, and a convention resolution of support. Dozens of other unions and organizations and hundreds of individuals have donated close to $700,000 since 2008.In 2010, the organizers had sufficient funds to hire a labor archivist. In that position, I have focused on curating collections, managing the processing of new and legacy collections, and increasing online access via enhanced description and digitization projects. All labor collections now have online finding aids, all legacy finding aids have been scanned and attached to online versions, and these are in the process of being improved so that they will be keyword-searchable and indexed by search engines. An online listing points researchers to labor collections, and a digital portal allows them to see highlights and, in some cases, entire digital collections. I have curated exhibits and created events highlighting LAW collections and taught workshops on the importance and methods of preserving labor records to the labor community. I also teach orientations for students and faculty of local colleges and universities on how to conduct research in our collections, and I promote the archives at conferences of professional and stakeholder organizations.In 2015, the Washington State Labor Council lobbied for state funding for LAW. Surprisingly, we got funding, which covers the salary of the labor archivist, a part-time student curatorial assistant, and processing supplies. State funding enabled hiring a full-time assistant archivist to work directly with the labor community, helping with a regional labor-records survey and day-to-day archival processing operations.The creation of LAW proved to be an organizing tool for closer connections between the academy and the labor and social justice communities. As such, it offers a model for similar projects to preserve labor history and bring together various stakeholder communities. As James N. Gregory detailed in his Labor article,Nothing has done more to build the scholar-union relationship than the Bridges Center’s decision . . . to create a labor archives at the University of Washington. . . . [The] Organizing Committee, which includes most prominent union leaders in Washington State, has strengthened ties and trust while it raises money. Our experience in building [LAW] affirms the old axiom that the best way to organize people is to ask them to work on a project. Every state deserves a labor archives, and the project of building one is a great way to advance campus-labor-community partnerships.1The Labor Archives began as a temporary three-year project but now seems well positioned to operate at increased capacity in the future. The lessons of the past six years present a repeatable organizing model that may help labor scholars and the labor movement to collaborate on projects that advance their agendas and to find areas of overlap and collaboration.........LAW will play a role at LAWCHA’s Seattle conference at the UW in June of 2017. Please join us at our annual event, “Past Forward: The Legacy of the ILWU and Progressive Unionism on the West Coast” on the evening of Saturday, June 24, 2017.

Decolonising Archives: Indigenous Challenges to Record Keeping in ‘Reconciling’ Settler Colonial States

ABSTRACTFeminist and queer engagements with archives and archival theory have emphasised the affective dimensions of archival processes, particularly the meaning and place of archives when they concern marginalised people and intimate lives. In settler colonial contexts such as Australia and Canada, these ways of thinking about archives have been influential in responding to histories of removal, institutionalisation and abuse of Indigenous children. This article investigates the importance of feminist engagements with archives and historiography in ‘reconciling’ settler colonial states, with attention to sites of archival contention. Feminist modes of history that foreground affect in the formation of public culture need to take account of divergent views regarding the propriety of archival records in ‘reconciling’ settler colonial states. Indigenous peoples’ mistrust of state and institutional archives, demands for control of archives and legal actions for destruction of records, as well as establishment of autonomous archives, all contribute to the important and fraught process of decolonising settler colonial archives.

Remembering Future Risk: Considering Technologies of the Archive for Discussion of Tōhoku's Seismological Past after 2011.

In Japan, calls for the discovery, preservation, and translation of old documents that mention past earthquakes only intensified after the earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear disaster of March 2011. A closer look at the original record and archival processes that have gone into the historical account of the earthquake and tsunami of 9 July 869 reveals the ways in which the "memory" of the Jōgan tsunami depends as much on modern seismic archaeology and educational institutions as ancient documents. Historical risk assessment, therefore, must draw on both old and new technologies of the archive.

Finding Dr. Dobyns: Processing the Henry F. Dobyns Collection, University of Arizona Libraries

Finding Dr. Dobyns:Processing the Henry F. Dobyns Collection, University of Arizona Libraries Lisa E. Duncan (bio) In August 2010, I was contacted by an archivist in Special Collections at the University of Arizona Libraries about a position processing a recently acquired archival collection. The archivist said the library had received a donation of an anthropologist's professional and personal papers. The collection was also quite large, a challenge I relished. I was interested. A few years earlier, I had graduated with my bachelor's degree from the University of Arizona's School of Anthropology. The anthropologist had graduated from the same program in the 1950s. I immediately applied for the position—and once hired, I moved to Tucson to process the Henry F. (Hank) Dobyns Papers. I would spend the next two years of my career almost exclusively in the company of Dr. Dobyns—or at least his papers, and the memories and stories of those who knew him.1 The experience defined me as an archivist. The size and complexity of the Dobyns collection tested my skills—and often my sanity—but, ultimately, it made me a better archivist. Henry F. (Hank) Dobyns (1925–2009) was an applied anthropologist and ethnohistorian. Dr. Dobyns spent much of his career working with native peoples of North and South America. Born in Tucson, he was raised in Casa Grande, Arizona. He graduated with a BA and MA in anthropology from the University of Arizona, and received his PhD in anthropology from Cornell University. Dr. Dobyns worked on land and water cases for several southwestern tribes and on the Cornell Peru Project, which was affiliated with the U.S. Peace Corps; he also worked at several universities, including the University of Arizona.2 He never retired, and remained active in research projects. Because of his connection [End Page 716] to the university as a graduate of its anthropology program and his friendship with anthropologist Richard Stoffle and his wife, Carla, former dean of the University of Arizona Libraries, Dobyns chose Special Collections as the repository for his papers and library. It was a natural fit. Dobyns published extensively on the native peoples of the Southwest and is best known for his work in historical demography, including "Estimating Aboriginal American Population: An Appraisal of Techniques with a New Hemispheric Estimate" and Their Number Become Thinned: Native American Population Dynamics in Eastern North America (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1983). On my first day, I was introduced to the Dobyns collection as it stood: 600 office boxes and 8 filing cabinets, located on opposite floors of two separate library buildings and stored in four different rooms. Just seeing all of the material at once was impossible. Over the previous two years, the University of Arizona Special Collections staff had picked up the collection from Dr. Dobyns's homes. They described what they found. Dr. Dobyns had dedicated every available space to his research. Notes, manuscripts, and files were in nearly every room. Dr. Dobyns was known for meticulous and extensive research, and he was a prolific author.3 He had kept everything: Every scrap of paper, every notebook, and every file on a topic of interest were included. This is what made my job so interesting—and difficult. I had never worked on a collection which did not fit on a couple of tabletops, let alone one which flowed out of one room to another—and then another—and to still another room and another. While I was apprehensive about the size of the collection, I was excited about jumping into a new project, especially one which fit my interests so well. I had recently graduated from the University of Arizona's School of Information Resources and Library Science (SIRLS). I had several years of training in archival processing as a graduate assistant in Special Collections at the University of Arizona and I had processed collections in other institutions. I was—I am—detail-oriented, organized, and obsessed with timelines. I had confidence in my skills, abilities, and experiences. I was confident that I could tackle such a large project. Confident, that was, until I saw "the quarantine room." My first task with the...

Community Archiving with the National Black Programming Consortium

Archival SpotlightCommunity Archiving with the National Black Programming Consortium Robert Anen (bio) Click for larger view View full resolution Figure 1. National Black Programming Consortium co-founder Mable Haddock during an interview at the October 2016 community archiving workshop. Photo courtesy of Xiaoxuan Lyu. "I'm thinking, now, preservation is the next important place that we all need to go because we do all of this work and then we die but we need to be very strategic about leaving our footprint. So, I'm here to learn with everybody else and I appreciate the opportunity to learn and it's been great for me," proclaimed Mable Haddock, cofounder of the National Black Programming Consortium (NBPC), at a community archiving workshop that took place in 2015 at Downtown Community Television in New York City.1 It was at this workshop that Haddock got the spark that ultimately fueled the collaboration [End Page 298] between NBPC and the graduate students from Community Archiving: Media Collections, a graduate course in New York University's Moving Image Archiving and Preservation (MIAP) program. Community archiving workshops bring together those who study archival practice and those who are interested in it to inspect and inventory endangered media collections. In the process of putting together a workshop, relationships are built with local organizations. The idea is to jump-start an initiative within an organization to begin the inventory process of their collection. Mona Jimenez, Co-Associate Director and Associate Arts Professor at MIAP, summed it up perfectly: "My idea was to bring people around a collection, people who had some expertise in archiving and those who were new to archiving. That's part of the whole tradition within independent media, which is we don't have to BE experts, we can learn how to do things, we can share with each other, we can do it, whatever it is. Teaching one another to do the work."2 As stated in the press release for the workshop, "NBPC is one of five minority consortia funded by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting and has worked to bring Black voices to the airwaves since the 1980s, expanding into in-house production in the 1990s. However, much of NBPC's rich and precious resources have been locked away in older video formats."3 Their historic collection includes U-matic videocassettes as well as other legacy video formats used by pioneering and pivotal documentarians "starting in the 1970s to record stories showcasing the rich spectrum of the Black experience."4 The MIAP program has been organizing these workshops since 2009, but in 2010 the Independent Media Interest Group of the Association of Moving Image Archivists (AMIA) held their first workshop based on the model created by the MIAP program. ImageNation, a Harlem-based media arts group, provided a warm and inviting atmosphere for the day of the workshop at their RAW SPACE venue. This was a pleasant departure from the storage space the class had rescued the dusty boxes from the morning of the workshop. Leslie Fields-Cruz, executive director of NBPC, attended the workshop and stated, "I've been with NBPC for the last fifteen years and I've only kind of known what's in these boxes, but not really how far back do they go, what kind of tapes do we have. For my own personal understanding of the archiving process, I'm really interested to see how we go through our own collection and to log that information. Now, I can think about where we are going to send it and who we are going to give it to."5 By inspecting and inventorying these tapes, NBPC will be able to make an informed decision about how to preserve the content of these videotapes. The goal of community archiving workshops is to do just that. This workshop brought together librarians, archivists, friends of NBPC, a historian, an archival producer, and budding archival students, many of whom had never [End Page 299] seen a U-matic tape before, which only elevated the curiosity of the participants. Not only were they going to learn about the content of these tapes by attending the workshop, but they would learn...

Archives in Libraries: What Librarians and Archivists Need to Know to Work Together. By Jeannette A. Bastian, Megan Sniffin-Marinoff, and Donna Webber. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 2015. Pp. v+137. $69.95 (paper). ISBN 1-931666-87-3.

<i>Archives in Libraries: What Librarians and Archivists Need to Know to Work Together</i>. By Jeannette A. Bastian, Megan Sniffin-Marinoff, and Donna Webber. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 2015. Pp. v+137. $69.95 (paper). ISBN 1-931666-87-3.

Technological Evolution of Telugu News Channel Libraries

Telugu is the second largest language to have many news channels next only to Hindi. With over 20 news channels competing against each other, their access to content, anytime and anywhere will be the critical factor for their success. Not just acquisition of video is enough, only when they have the content at fingertips and accessible within no time, they will be able to win over their peers. The transformation from linear editing to non-linear editing and from analogue to digital has brought in remarkable changes in archiving. The archival processes of capturing the video, storing, preserving, converting, moving and sharing have become simpler and less expensive. This paper maps the evolution of the Telugu news channels library in the last two decades

Resultados de la gestión archivística en el Sistema de Archivos de la congregación religiosa católica de los Padres Sacramentinos en España

The article analyzes the main results obtained in the archival processing through the phases of identification, appraisal, organization and description of the documentary holdings of Congregation of the Blessed Sacrament in Spain, which consists of one Provincial Archives and four local archives. This study summarized that it is perfectly possible to apply the theoretical, methodological and practical basis of the Archival science in this kind of archival institutions.

Proyecto de catalogación por descriptores en serie de consultas en un archivo de gestión de titularidad pública

Este informe describe el proceso para la implementación y realización de proyectos de catalogación por descriptores, de la información contenida en documentos de series de expedientes de consultas y respuestas en archivos de gestión de instituciones públicas. Estas consideraciones se abordan con un enfoque sistémico. Después de explicar los primeros resultados obtenidos en la ejecución del proyecto por la empresa Pons Seguridad Vial en una institución de la Administración pública española, el informe concluye con la importancia de discriminar la información clave dentro del gran volumen informativo del que dispone una institución. De esta forma, prima la eficiencia en la recuperación de la información y la rapidez con la que está disponible para su reutilización. También se destacan la trascendencia y potencialidades que brindan las series documentales de expedientes de consultas y respuestas en archivos de gestión para llevar a cabo este tipo de proyectos, que en nada pueden sustituir los procesos archivísticos ordinarios.

Mapping interactions between geology, subsurface resource exploitation and urban development in transforming cities using InSAR Persistent Scatterers: Two decades of change in Florence, Italy

Urban expansion and city transformation are increasing reality across the world. Now more than ever it is essential to understand and map at the appropriate scale the processes happening along the verticality and horizontality of cities, to gather robust evidence underpinning strategies for sustainable management of the built environment. This paper explores how established techniques of Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) can be shaped into a novel dedicated procedure to detect vertical and horizontal urban dynamics including: use and re-use of urban space (new building construction, intentional demolition, renovation projects); exploitation of groundwater resources (induced land subsidence); interactions between new foundations, superficial deposits and bedrock geology (settlement of recent buildings); ground and slope instability affecting settled buildings; susceptibility of heritage assets to structural damages; baseline characterisation prior to planned major infrastructure construction (tunnelling and transportation networks). Florence, central Italy, is used as a demonstration site. This city includes UNESCO World Heritage List historic centre, 20th-century residential, industrial and peri-urban quarters, and is currently in transition to metropolitan area of over 1 million of inhabitants. Velocity decomposition maps were generated based on millimetre-precise estimates of surface displacements retrieved from PSI processing of the full archives of satellite C-band radar images, including 79 ERS-1/2 descending (1992–2000), 70 ENVISAT ASAR ascending and descending (2003–2010) and 101 RADARSAT-1 ascending and descending (2003–2007). 12 macropatterns and 84 micropatterns in the final map of alert areas highlight a dualism which reflects the physical and urban geography of Florence. North-western and south-western quarters show hot spots of new building construction and regeneration projects for residential, business and tertiary service purposes, alongside issues due to groundwater exploitation and induced land subsidence up to 30–40 mm/yr. Local interactions with underlying geology and natural slope instability processes predominate in the southern and north-eastern sectors. At local scale, stable condition was found for the heritage assets and buildings located along the tracks of the planned subway railway and tramway, with motion rates averagely within ±1.5 mm/yr and localised deformation only up to −3.5 mm/yr. Structural assessment based on future PSI monitoring campaign will benefit of this baseline characterisation.

Maximum Product, Even Less Process: Increasing Efficiencies in Archival Processing Using ArchivesSpace

ABSTRACTAs the archival profession has adapted to new challenges and adopted modern practices like More Product, Less Process, the University of Minnesota has embraced these changes. Even so, implementing new practices can take time and effort. With the adoption of ArchivesSpace in 2016, the University found itself being fast-tracked to even more efficient methods for establishing physical and intellectual control over collections. This article will examine the case studies of two large collections that were in the midst of being processed when ArchivesSpace was implemented at the University of Minnesota. How did the switch to ArchivesSpace impact the processing of these collections, and how will these experiences impact the future of archival processing at the University?

Orality and the Archive: Teaching the Partition of India through Oral Histories

This article is a reflection on how select oral histories and witness accounts about the partition of India and Pakistan, especially those by Urvashi Butalia and Veena Das were used in a graduate seminar in Bengaluru. The article explores the strength of oral archives as repositories of radical enquiry that may be used in classrooms to understand the complex nature of history, historiography, and interrogate the State’s archival processes. The article explores how students began to see the potency in oral archives as a space that embodies the victimhood of partition victims as opposed to an effacement of the sufferers in most state archives of the event. It observes how the memorialisation of Partition is different in the State’s construction of partition: to the victims who recount their stories, it is the ‘everyday’ that becomes predominant as opposed to State archives that seek to represent the differences between the two nations as paramount in its processes of memorialisation. The note concludes by emphasising the need to put such oral histories to use in classroom, especially to understand the nature of suffering. Through a reading of such stories, it is proposed, an affective literacy is enabled in students’ modes of enquiry about trauma, memory and suffering. Keywords: Partition of India, affective literacy, archives, oral histories, witness narratives.

Digital Portfolios in Action: Acknowledging Student Voice and Metacognitive Understanding in Art

ABSTRACTStudents need a genuine voice in the content, process, outcome, and assessment of their learning so they can take ownership of their education (Jaquith and Hathaway 2012). Digital art portfolios allow students to research, document, and reflect on the development and assessment of their learning. Unlike traditional portfolios, which typically emphasize product, the use of digital portfolios as a process portfolio for learning has the potential to increase autonomy, experimentation, and allow the student to tell the story of their learning; to be metacognitive about their work (Berrett 2005). For the purposes of our research, we are defining metacognitive as awareness or analysis of one's own learning or thinking processes. The key elements of traditional paper portfolios include: collecting, selecting, reflecting, directing/goals, and presenting/celebrating. The use of technology adds to that list the processes of archiving, linking/thinking, storytelling, collaborating, sharing, and publishing (Barrett 2005). This paper examines how online digital portfolios provide a platform to promote students’ metacognitive skills and direct their learning.

Digitalização e Arquivamento Digital de Documentos no Centro de Comunicação da Polícia Militar de São Paulo

The objective of this report Technical is to see how the process of scanning and digital archiving of documents contributed to the Section of Social Communication (PM-5) of the Military Police of Sao Paulo State (PMESP) decrease the cost of buying their inputs office, reducing the physical space used for storage cabinets and folders by using a virtual storage location. The technical report was developed by a case study on AM-5, wherein, using the standardization routines that minimized the possibility of administrative mistakes, it was possible to implement the said process, so that the file handle stay extremely easy and fast, even when providing copies to applicants. With only a photocopy machine with the function to scan and save the network, it was enough to create a digital file. Thus, it was possible to save on paper and printer ink that were previously necessary and also with funds to purchase files and physical space. Finally, if implemented in relation to the peculiarities of each division, it is possible that the civil service, at least in the case of document file, go to prioritize and treat with due relevance sustainable appeal of this practice.

Born-digital archives at the Wellcome Library: appraisal and sensitivity review of two hard drives

Digital preservation has been an ongoing issue for the archival profession for many years, with research primarily being focused on long-term preservation and user access. Attention is now turning to the important middle stage: processing born-digital archives, which encompasses several key tasks such as appraisal, arrangement, description and sensitivity review. The Wellcome Library is developing scalable workflows for born-digital archival processing that deal effectively both with hybrid and purely born-digital archives. These workflows are being devised and tested using two hard drives deposited within the archives of two genomic researchers, Ian Dunham and Michael Ashburner. This paper examines two specific and interconnected stages of archival processing: appraisal and sensitivity review. It sets out the Wellcome Library’s approach to appraisal using a combination of several appraisal methods, namely functional, technical and ‘bottom-up’ appraisal. It also demonstrates how tools such as DROID can be used to streamline the process. The paper then goes on to explore the Wellcome Library’s risk management-based approach to the sensitivity review of born-digital material, suggesting there is a viable balance to be struck between closing large record series as a precaution and sensitivity reviewing at a very granular level.