Archival Field Research Articles

Gender-Biased Implementation Support for Novel Ideas: A Theoretical Lens of Judgments of Morality

Although gender inequality research has long recognized social and economic barriers as primary factors causing gender disparity in creative achievement, less well understood is why such barriers emerge and how they accumulate to disadvantage creative women. Drawing upon research on the ethicality of creation and social role theory, we posit that resource holders may unconsciously adopt stricter moral standards for, then impose harsher moral judgments on, novel ideas proposed by women regardless of idea usefulness. This asymmetry leads resource holders to disproportionately withhold support for implementing ideas from women. Our hypotheses were supported by results from four methodologically complementary studies situated in managerial and entrepreneurial settings including two experiments with manager participants, one archival field study of Shark Tank (2009-2019), and one survey study of organizational managers. By studying how resource holders’ gender-based double standards for moral evaluations of creative ideas affect their implementation support, our research casts light on a cumulative disadvantage process that precipitates gender stratification in creative achievements and thus, generates new insights for reducing sequential barriers that produce and perpetuate gender inequality.

Architecture and friendship among nations: the shifting politics of cultural diplomacy in Tbilisi, Georgia

ABSTRACT In 1938, the Soviet Georgian administration inaugurated the iconic Institute of Marx, Engels, and Lenin (IMEL) in Tbilisi under pretences of socialist unity and friendship among Soviet nations. Three quarters of a century later, the same building – now privatised, heavily renovated, and re-branded – was re-inaugurated as the seven-star Biltmore Hotel. The hotel’s grand opening included an enormous video projection on the western façade, telling the story of a new friendship among nations, this time between independent Georgia and the United Arab Emirates as the hotel’s financiers. This article tracks the shifting politics of cultural diplomacy associated with this adaptive reuse project. It contributes to a growing body of scholarship on cultural diplomacy by delving deeper into the social, political, and economic implications surrounding the particular use of friendship rhetoric in such practices. In doing so, it charts the manipulation of architecture to communicate international cooperation and the power of its patrons. Drawing from archival sources, field observations, media analysis, and focus groups, the work argues that, rather than an outmoded means of public service announcement, symbolic architecture continues to be a crucial arena for state politics, one entangled with new modes of spectacle in the city.

At The Cross Of History Of Archives And Archaeology: M.E. Masson's Personal Archive Fund As An Important Historical Source

This article is devoted to the historical source analysis of the personal fund R-2773, kept in the National Archives of Uzbekistan by archaeologist Masson Mikhail Evgenevich. The article also analyzes a number of research papers stored in the private fund, a scientific article on the organization of the Department of Archeology at the Central Asian State University (now the National University of Uzbekistan), the educational process, the department's cooperation. In particular, the article analyzes some of the scholar's scientific work in the field of archives.

Introduction

This issue of Signata aims to address the question of the archive from a semiotic and semio-pragmatic perspective. By “semiotics”, we do not mean a single discipline, but rather a plurality of approaches by which to question meaning, forms, and values within the historical, sociological, philosophical, linguistic, media, and artistic disciplines. The aim of this issue is thus the constitution of a cartography that embraces the different approaches that, in the archival field, can elicit refle...

Is Archival Scholarship for Everybody?

Analyzing over 7000 academic journal articles spanning four decades, this research uses bibliometric methods to assess the hypothesis that the archival field is a feminized discipline. First, an explanation of our dataset is presented, followed by the results of the proportion of men and women amongst the authors for which we were able to assign a perceived gender. This analysis shows a gradual rise of female-perceived authorship. We then compare these results to the differences in citations between papers with female and male first authors, which shows no clear trend.

Pemanfaatan Media Sosial Dinas Perhubungan Surabaya dalam Perspektif Kearsipan Digital

Optimalization of information and communication technology in public services is a community need in the new media era. No doubt, the government at the central, provincial, and regional levels, is actively innovating in the aspect of strengthening the technology, including the form of social media. The Government of Surabaya City is one of the pioneers of information and communication technology based on public services. Almost all agencies make breakthroughs in the field of optimizing social media. This article discusses how the Surabaya Transportation Service, as one of the regional apparatus organizations, manages social media in order to maximize public services. This study uses the theory of technological determination and public policy as the rationale. The theories and concepts of administration, in particular, with respect to digital archives are also put forward. Descriptive qualitative method with literature review approach is used as a framework for formulating conclusions. Data collection is done through literature searches and other documents related to the topic. The analysis technique is done through reduction, presentation, and formulation of conclusions. The result of this study indicate that the social media utilization policy carried out by the Surabaya Transportation Service is running well and has a positive impact on the community. This study can add to the treasures of research in the field of public policy and digital archives in relation to the phenomenon of technological determination in the current era.

Research trends in library and information science in Argentina during the first decades of the XXI century

Objective. This paper aims at describing and analyzing the research lines on Library and Information Science (LIS) developed within the institutional framework of the Argentinian universities where careers in Library Science, Archival Science, and Museology are offered.
 Design/Methodology/Approach. Documents presented at academic events from the Mercosur's schools were gathered, as well as former studies that address the issue. Additionally, the scientific production of researchers and academicians from the LIS field was systematized using the Publish or Perish app, considering Google Scholar as a data source.
 Results/Discussion. A consolidation of the LIS field was observed, both from the contributions for the conceptual and methodological strengthening of the discipline, and from the inquiries that seek to resolve issues that arise in the professional field of libraries, archives, museums, and other information units.
 Conclusions. The existence of work lines that combine topics dealt with at an international level in the field was highlighted, as well as areas of specialization, focused on local realities. It was shown that the research development and productivity are concentrated in few schools. Finally, the incipient constitution of postgraduate studies at the specialization, master's degree, and doctorate levels was addressed, which, over time, will broaden the spectrum of research carried out in the universities developing these training sections.
 Originality/Value. There was no study of this type in which documentary analysis was combined with bibliometrics to reveal researchers, topics, and scientific production in the LIS field in Argentina, something not always easy to capture and address.

Los usuarios del Archivo Histórico de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Ante el indudable interés de conocer a los usuarios de información y la escasa práctica española en este sentido, especialmente en el ámbito de los archivos, el objetivo fundamental del presente trabajo es conocer las necesidades de información, comportamiento informativo y grado de satisfacción de los usuarios del Archivo Histórico de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, utilizando una metodología cuantitativa basada en un cuestionario. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos está que los escasos usuarios que acuden a este archivo buscan información sobre un personaje a través de la base de datos del centro y están satisfechos con la información obtenida. Entre las conclusiones destaca que existe aún camino por recorrer en torno a la cuestión de si está consolidado el binomio Investigación-Archivos Universitarios y que se deben plantear estrategias acomodadas a las necesidades de los usuarios, adaptando los recursos a los cambios sociales y tecnológicos y siguiendo determinadas líneas de actuación.

Досвід українських архівів щодо використання та надання доступу до документів, що містять персональні дані

The aim of the work is to analyze the domestic experience in organizing work with documents of state archives containing personal data. The methodology of research includes methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy, comparison and generalization. The empirical basis of the study is represented by the current practice of state archives on the organization of access to documents containing personal data. A questionnaire method was used to collect data on the experience of state archives. Scientifi c novelty. The practical experience of Ukrainian archives in organizing work with documents that contain personal data is being studied for the fi rst time. The result of the research can be used in the development of a single methodological document, which in the future could become a basis of special legislation for the archival industry. Conclusions. Currently, there are diffi culties in the state archives with the organization of access to documents containing personal data. This is due to a set of reasons, including the lack of special legislation and the need to fi nd grounds for satisfying or rejecting the request for such information in various legislative acts; poor technical and logistical support of archives, which makes it impossible to depersonalize personal data in documents, etc. In view of this, it is obvious that archivists need to improve their knowledge of current legislation in the fi eld of personal data protection and its harmonization with special legislation in the fi eld of archives, initiate changes to time and production standards, introduce registers of documents containing personal data and submit for public discussion an approximate algorithm of actions in case of request for access to personal information to expedite the progress with it.

The Politics of Being an Archival Donor

Traditional archival praxis oftentimes depicts the archival donor as an observer and recipient of services or benefits. One that can either comply with the rules and expectations set forth by the archivist and archival institution when donating their materials or walk away from the process and opportunity. Despite the historic role of donor contributions in the form of archival donations, donors and their needs remain overlooked in much of the archival literature. Instead, current archival paradigms tend to focus more on the archival materials more so than the people behind them. But what if donors and archivists could reimagine their relationship and the ethical obligations associated with this bond?
 This article applies Michelle Caswell and Marika Cifor’s archival theory of radical empathy combined with the theoretical framework of political consciousness as set forth by Black feminism. Using these frameworks, the research study uses a mixed method approach that includes a literature review of relationships in the archival field and a qualitative conventional content analysis of collected interview data from the donor case study of living music artist donors. As archivists seek to improve collection development and acquisition practices more attention must be placed on the care, affirmation, and wellbeing of the archival donor. Through collaboration with donors, archivists can strengthen archival practices by centering people and not just the things. By combining an ethics of care which introduces “a web of mutual affective responsibility” alongside the construction of a donor political consciousness, this article shows how donor participation contributes and strengthen archival practices that center people and not just things. The article and findings offer a distinct pathway to better understand the challenges, limitations, and possibilities of donor relationships and the benefits of donors recognizing the importance of active participation and understanding of their role in the archival process.
 Pre-print first published online 02/26/2021

СТАНДАРТИЗАЦІЯ У СФЕРІ АРХІВНОЇ СПРАВИ: МІЖНАРОНИЙ ДОСВІД ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ ГАРМОНІЗАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ

The article is devoted to the study of standardization in the field of archival affairs and record keeping in the conditions of development of the world information space and digitalization of society. The aim of the article is to study the current national archival legislation, national standards in the field of archives and record keeping and identify the state and problems of harmonization of international standards in Ukraine in the development of global information space and digitalization of society. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the works of leading domestic and foreign scholars on harmonization and standardization in the field of archives and record keeping, legislation and regulations governing activities in this area. In the process of research general scientific and special legal methods of cognition were used. Among the general scientific methods used is the dialectical method, which is revealed using the methods of analysis and synthesis, ascent from simple to complex, from abstract to concrete, abstraction, idealization and formalization. Results. In recent years, Ukraine has followed international and European standardization rulesand procedures, as well as the direct implementation of international standards. At the sametime, the current state of standardization in the field of archives and record keeping in the contextof informatization and digitalization of society can be described as one that lags far behind theinternational. A number of standards in the field of archiving and record keeping are analyzed.As a result of research of theoretical and organizational-practical principles of harmonizationand standardization in the field of archives and record keeping in Ukraine, a number of problemsrelated to financial problems, low level of information-analytical and organizational support ofstandardization process, etc. It is concluded that the harmonization of international standards inthe field of archives and record keeping in Ukraine largely depends on optimizing the structure ofstate archives of Ukraine and, accordingly, their activities, which will increase the efficiency ofthe archival industry as a whole.Prospects for further research will be aimed at further studying the international experienceof standardization in the field of archives and record keeping, harmonization of internationalstandards into national practice, which will help increase the effectiveness of archival practice.

Архивное наследие как сфера интеграции Казахстана в научно-информационное и культурное пространство Евразии. 1998–2021 гг.

The paper is devoted to the activities of the Republic of Kazakhstan archives aimed at identifying, studying, and popularizing the historical and documentary heritage of Kazakhstan, and to the role of this area of historical and cultural activity in the development of international cultural cooperation between Kazakhstan and Russia and other states of Eurasia. The authors’ hypothesis is that the commonality of historical experience in the field of archiving and the similarity of contemporary tasks of the historical and cultural policy of the CIS countries, including Russia and Kazakhstan, are the basis for the participation of archives in the development of Eurasian integration and cooperation in the field of science and culture. In Kazakhstan, this process received significant additional incentives over the period 1998–2021. The adoption in 1998 of the Law on the National Archival Foundation of the Republic of Kazakhstan can be considered as the beginning of a large-scale project to identify, publish, and popularize the archival heritage of Kazakhstan, and this work was initially carried out both in Kazakhstani archives and abroad — in Russia, Uzbekistan, Great Britain, France, Turkey, and other countries of Greater Eurasia. In the 2000s, the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev in a series of articles and speeches had formulated an idea of referring to the history as the main source for formation of the national idea of modern Kazakhstan, including the approval of the world historical and cultural significance of the concept of the Great Steppe — the cradle of the Kazakh people. One of the central tasks in the implementation of this strategy was collection and promotion of documents related to the history of Kazakhstan in the international scientific and information space. In 2018, N. Nazarbayev came up with the “Archive – 2025” initiative, which further confirmed the role of the heuristic and archaeographic activities of archives and set the task of creating the most complete digitization of the archival heritage of Kazakhstan. The article provides an overview of the main directions of work of the Kazakhstani archives in 1998–2021: archaeographic expeditions abroad, publication of documentary collections, and scientific research on the history of the peoples, social life, and statehood of Kazakhstan in the 18th – 20th centuries, digitization of the archives of the Republic of Kazakhstan, conducting international scientific conferences and seminars. The facts revealed by the authors show that the archival heritage of Kazakhstan is an area of fruitful and productive cooperation of humanitarians of the countries of Eurasia and also an incentive for integration processes in science and culture in the post-Soviet space.

ARXİV SƏNƏDLƏRİNİN ELEKTRONLAŞDIRMA PROBLEMLƏRİ

In modern times, the digitization of archival documents is one of the most global problems in the field of archives. Modern sources of innovation in archival work are directly related to technological development in office work. Digitization of documents is the conversion of documents into electronic form. The main problems of electronic archives in modern times can be divided into several blocks. These include legal, organizational and technical issues. Sometimes there are appropriate technical solutions to problems, but they are not regulated by existing legislation. In modern times, the electronicization of archival documents remains the most pressing problem. Work is being done in this area both in our country and around the world. Key words: archive, document, legislation, information, electrification

Application of the records life-cycle and records continuum models in organizations in the 21st century

This study provides a descriptive examination and traces the historical development of records management approaches, as well as their significance to the records management practice and their limitations. The study focuses on the records continuum model, developed in Australia's archival sciences field in recent years and discusses its implications for the practice of records and archival management. Prior to the emergence of the records continuum model, the life-cycle theory dominated most records management fields globally. The records continuum model responds – in ways that the life-cycle theory is unable to deal with the challenges of electronic records and proposes a new set of management thinking of the preservation of the electronic environment, in which contemporary institutions and their associated electronic records coexist. There appears to be insufficient literature on the practice of these two records management theories in the organizational context. To contribute to bridging this gap, this study analysed the major components of each records management theory and presents models of organizations built on these approaches. Therefore, the study examines the uses of the records continuum model and life-cycle theories within the broader field of archival research. The study is a literature review within a qualitative, interpretative paradigm. Relying on historical and narrative analysis, the findings established evidence of the practice of the records management theories in the organizations. The study concluded that records management practice in organizations can be enhanced, if specific factors within each records management approach are given adequate consideration in their application.

Realization of the concepts of "regionalism in architecture" in modern architectural and design practice

The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of the formation and development of the concept of regionalism in architecture with the allocation of conceptual principles and techniques for the practical implementation of the most important characteristics of objects and prototypes in the architectural and planning organization of modern objects. The research methodology is based on the complex use of general scientific research methods: analysis of literary and archival sources, field studies and fixations, analysis of historical cartographic and design materials. The scientific novelty consists of summarizing and developing the concept of an integrated approach to architectural and design projection, based on the most complete consideration of regional features of various kinds. It is also proved that regional identity is a system-forming factor in the sustainable development of the architecture of the future. The necessity of introducing norms into normative documents that clearly define the features of the implementation of the concept of regionalism in modern architecture is proposed. Conclusions. The modern city, retains the features of its cultural identity and combines them with advanced technologies for organizing space, has the greatest chance of becoming an attractive place for the life of citizens. Therefore, approaches to creating a regionally-oriented object should be guided by the adaptation of global trends, with the priority conservation of the historical and cultural heritage of a particular region. Upon implementation of the design and creative concept of regionalism in modern architectural and design practice, it is necessary to rely on the following integrated strategies: respect for the history, tradition, and regional identity of the regions; adaptation of traditional images and prototypes in modern conditions;transforming traditional solutions into modern architecture; to consider regionalism and globalization as components of the overall process, and not as opposing currents.

Registros en contexto (RiC): modelo conceptual archivístico

This article presents the conceptual model Records in Contexts (RiC-CM) and the ontology (RiC-O), which is a proposal of the International Archives Council for archival domain. Both proposals are deployed and analyzed, also gathering some comments from referents in the area in order to contribute to the understanding of the structure and foundation of RiC and provide an input for its evaluation and the difficulties of its practical implementation. The integration of digital archives with nearby domains such as libraries, galleries and museums as well as objects from other domains with which they were not traditionally related, incorporates the multidimensional perspective and is an opportunity of development for the archival field. Semantic web technologies, ontologies, linked data, RDF, SPARQL are an infrastructural actor to build that integration and refer for a change in the archiving world by inserting it into the web. The implementation of this proposal is an advance towards integration but it poses challenges to solve.

Demystifying Digital Archives: Undergraduates, Active Learning, and a Path to Outreach

This article outlines the development of a three-credit digital archives course designed for undergraduates. In it, students study basic archival and digital archives terminology and learn about how these concepts can help them understand current events. This course strives not only to help students develop critical thinking skills by engaging with primary source content; it also helps familiarize students with archives, archivists, and the importance of archival work. In addition, the course relies heavily on active learning techniques, which allow students to participate in decision-making activities in archival work, giving them an appreciation for the labor involved. The course therefore fulfills an outreach function: It shows students why archives are relevant to their lives and to the world around them. The article places this course in the context of archival education for undergraduates and non-professionals, highlighting the benefits this approach offers for students and for the professional archival field.

MODEL CONSTRUCTION IN RUSSIAN CITIES AND TOMSK

The article examines the general trends in design and construction in accordance with the model projects on classicism in Russia and the city of Tomsk. The development stages of design and construction in Russia late in the 18th and early 19th centuries are presented. Stand ard design ensures fast and high-quality construction throughout the country. This phenomenon covers almost and all design areas has a strong impact on the architecture of the Russian cities. The research concerns the preservation of historical buildings built in accordance with the model projects widespread in the Russian cities in the 18–19th centuries. Despite many works on classical architecture in the Russian cities, it has not been studied enough for Siberian cities and, in particular the city of Tomsk.The purpose of this work is to study the development stages of the model design, identify bjects built according to the model projects in Tomsk and other cities of Russia, and carry out the comparative analysis. The following methods are explored: the literature review, comparative architectural analysis and cross-sectional analysis of the data obtained.The novelty is the comparative analysis of classical buildings in Russia. This research involves previously unpublished archival materials and field studies.It is found that in the 18–19th centuries, the spontaneous construction was ceased in Russia.The streets took on clear geometric outlines and the houses met the given requirements accompanied by the model projects. In Tomsk and other Siberian cities, the model projects were based on wooden architecture that continued until the end of the 19th century. Buildings built during this period already had deviations from the classical style, namely the odd number of windows, symmetry breaking, and fillet decoration.

Data Governance Maturity Level at the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia

The National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia (ANRI) as an institution given mandate to carry out state duty in the field of archives has vision as a pillar of good governance and nation’s collective memory. To implement it, the study of the grand design of the archival system arranged. That is very related to the data governance implementation. Therefore, ANRI needs to know the maturity level of the data governance function which had been held. The assessment was done by referring to the Stanford Data Governance Model. The result showed that data governance is still at an initial level. The foundational aspects are on an average of 1,2 which contains awareness, formalization, and metadata. While on project aspects are on average of 1,5 consisting of stewardship, data quality, and master data. In total, ANRI is at the level of 1,35. ANRI needs to make improvements for data management planning activities referring to Data Management Body of Knowledge (DMBOK) with a focus on people, policies, and capabilities dimensions in all aspects. This research is expected to be helpful for ANRI to make improvements corresponding to the recommendations thus ANRI could implement national data archival properly.

Data Governance Maturity Level at the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia

<em><span>The National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia (ANRI) as an institution given mandate to carry out state duty in the field of archives has vision as a pillar of good governance and nation’s collective memory. To implement it, the study of the grand design of the archival system arranged. That is very related to the data governance implementation. Therefore, ANRI needs to know the maturity level of the data governance function which had been held. The assessment was done by referring to the Stanford Data Governance Model. The result showed that data governance is still at an initial level. The foundational aspects are on an average of 1,2 which contains awareness, formalization, and metadata. While on project aspects are on average of 1,5 consisting of stewardship, data quality, and master data. In total, ANRI is at the level of 1,35. ANRI needs to make improvements for data management planning activities referring to Data Management Body of Knowledge (DMBOK) with a focus on people, policies, and capabilities dimensions in all aspects. This research is expected to be helpful for ANRI to make improvements corresponding to the recommendations thus ANRI could implement national data archival properly</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span></em>