View Of Architecture Research Articles

The Basis of Dealing with Heritage in Sana'a City An Analytical and Critical Vision of the Architectural Changes Panorama 1972-1990

Sana'a city has its own conditions in dealing with its architectural heritage because it has not obtained its political nor social awareness but in late stages. It focused at the beginning of 1962 revolution on stabilizing its new political system and this created a modern capital fit with the major political transformation without paying attention to the form or architectural structure of this capital. Therefore, the modern architecture prevailed to become a characteristic of this city.
 After ten years of revolution, and as a result of tracking what was going on in the world, discussing its events, conflicts and cultures through cultural and scientific exchange which began Yemen generally in and Sana'a especially strived to achieve with Arab and western countries, an individual, government and international awareness developed about the great importance of the cultural heritage of Yemen from a general scope and the importance of traditional architecture and the maintenance of the Yemeni identity whose architecture specially incarnates its most important cultural branches.
 These social, governmental, and international authorities had adopted a special vision in dealing with heritage through learning lesson from the local experiences in building, through using local building materials and decorating frontages with traditional items incarnated with the values and spirit of traditional architecture to exposure the cultural and historical asset of the traditional architecture through modernity that being witnessed by the world in which Yemen is a part of. 
 Thus, governmental and architectural models found to use decoration items and traditional building materials for the first time that can be considered as a basis to start dealing with heritage at governmental and social level.
 So, the research aims to tackle that perspective which represents the basis of dealing with heritage , analysis and criticism, as it represented a dominant concept which had a great impact on the architectural perspective at that time and later through forming a theoretical frames for heritage's concept in language and architecture, after then how to use it in the architectural works and
 studying these works which appeared for the first time on a government level and then appeared in foreign and Yemeni designers' models, and therefore it changed the architectural view, at that time and affected it for later stages.

A compositional approach to creating architecture frameworks with an application to distributed AI systems

Artificial intelligence (AI) in its various forms finds more and more its way into complex distributed systems. For instance, it is used locally, as part of a sensor system, on the edge for low-latency high-performance inference, or in the cloud, e.g. for data mining. Modern complex systems, such as connected vehicles, are often part of an Internet of Things (IoT). This poses additional architectural challenges. To manage complexity, architectures are described with architecture frameworks, which are composed of a number of architectural views connected through correspondence rules. Despite some attempts, the definition of a mathematical foundation for architecture frameworks that are suitable for the development of distributed AI systems still requires investigation and study.In this paper, we propose to extend the state of the art on architecture framework by providing a mathematical model for system architectures, which is scalable and supports co-evolution of different aspects for example of an AI system. Based on Design Science Research, this study starts by identifying the challenges with architectural frameworks in a use case of distributed AI systems. Then, we derive from the identified challenges four rules, and we formulate them by exploiting concepts from category theory. We show how compositional thinking can provide rules for the creation and management of architectural frameworks for complex systems, for example distributed systems with AI. The aim of the paper is not to provide viewpoints or architecture models specific to AI systems, but instead to provide guidelines based on a mathematical formulation on how a consistent framework can be built up with existing, or newly created, viewpoints. To put in practice and test the approach, the identified and formulated rules are applied to derive an architectural framework for the EU Horizon 2020 project “Very efficient deep learning in the IoT” (VEDLIoT) in the form of a case study.

Integration Flows Modeling in the Context of Architectural Views

In an increasing number of software applications, the execution of their functions depends on communication with external systems. Messaging enables the integration of information technology (IT) systems in a loosely-coupled manner. The paper aims to show the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Integrated services</i> architectural view and two methods of modeling messaging flows at the service and business levels. Service flows allow for modeling the communication between systems/services at the level of sending messages. In contrast, business flows model the entire course of interaction among cooperating applications. The methods employ an Integration flows diagram, which is a specialized version of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) Activity diagram. In addition, the business process task from the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Integrated Processes</i> view defines the context for the business flow. Moreover, the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Use Cases</i> view identifies the integration scope within requirements. All those views belong to the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</i> + <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</i> architectural views model. The paper exerts extensibility mechanisms declared in the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">UML Profile for Messaging Patterns</i> . Besides, the profile has been augmented with stereotypes for messaging patterns for the Apache Camel framework, stakeholders involved in communication, and up-to-date stereotypes for structural components. The methods were used in the integration design of sending orders and confirmations between the business applications of the brokerage house and the stock exchange.

Use of augmented reality for small parts assisted assembly

The use of augmented reality (AR) for assisted assembly of small parts remains a current and dynamically developing issue in industry and the technology sector. Because AR technologies and related applications are constantly advancing, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to this topic. This article provides a simplified view of software application design and architecture. We are focusing on a 45mm x 45mm x 42mm component consisting of 42 parts. In the article, we gradually show how to properly create an application with a main, and working environment in which we can create animations from a database of 3D models. In the end, we performed a product assembly test with and without the use of the AR application, for one piece and a production batch. In conclusion, we can state that the applications have an impact on the training of the workforce and the ways through which new workers are prepared to work in an industrial environment. Improved education and training programs based on AR can help integrate new workers into production processes faster and more efficiently. Considering these perspectives and the dynamics of the AR technologies development, our article raises awareness of current trends and innovations in this field, as it can have a significant impact on the efficiency and competitiveness of various industries.

Deployment of Ultra Dense Network Devices in Space. Part 1. Models and Methods of Geometric Factor

The use of the millimeter band (30 GHz–300 GHz) in fifth generation networks and the submillimeter or terahertz band (0.3–3 THz) in sixth generation networks, due to the physical characteristics of radio wave propagation, inevitably leads to a reduction in the radio communication range and the use of predominantly lineof-sight radio links. From the point of view of the network architecture, this circumstance entails an increase in the density of the spatial arrangement of devices, which, in turn, leads to the emergence of new tasks for the network organization at the physical, channel and network levels of the open systems inter-action model. One of the approaches to the spatial arrangement of the infrastructure of stationary network devices acting as a base station, access point and / or repeater / router can be the geometric factor of DOP (Dilution of Precision) in positioning accuracy known in classical radar and radio navigation. To date, from the analysis of open foreign sources, it can be argued that this approach has already become widespread in the tasks of finding and justifying the locations of base stations of fifth generation communication networks. This is due to the new role of positioning not only as a service of communication net-works, but also as an auxiliary means of solving the problems of net-work organization at the three lower levels of the data transmission medium. In connection with the ongoing convergence of infocommunication and positioning services provided by the infrastructure of communication networks of the fifth and subsequent generations, there is every reason to believe that the approach of placing network devices based on DOP deserves attention and can be used for communication networks of the sixth-generation of terahertz band, where the density of transceivers will already exceed 1 device per square meter. Subject of study. The article is devoted to mathematical and simulation modeling of methods for searching for locations of base station devices in space according to the criterion of the geometric factor of the dilution of precision for positioning accuracy of the user device. Method. Calculation of geometric factors for the dilution of precision of positioning accuracy in the horizontal plane HDOP (Horizontal DOP), in the vertical plane VDOP (Vertical DOP) and by location in space PDOP (Position DOP). Main results. The result of this work is the formalization of algorithmic, methodological and software for DOP calculations and search for locations of base station devices in space based on geometric factors of the DOP for the positioning accuracy of user devices. Practical significance. The results obtained make it possible to search for the locations of the base stations of an ultra-dense network in space under the condition of a fixed location of the user device, as well as to perform a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the obtained placements according to the DOP criteria.

UML Profile for Messaging Patterns in Service-Oriented Architecture, Microservices, and Internet of Things

The exchange of information among information technology (IT) systems is inevitable. Service fulfillment often involves sending and receiving messages. The article presents a set of messaging patterns for service-oriented architecture, microservices, and messaging protocols for the Internet of Things. The paper describes selected patterns that are the result of current research work. In addition, patterns introduced in open-source frameworks such as ZeroMQ have also been included. Moreover, the set includes Enterprise Integration Patterns. All considered messaging patterns have been described using the stereotype extensibility mechanism of the Unified Modeling Language (UML), and their complete set has been included in the new UML Profile for Messaging Patterns. The paper also shows the manner of integration flow modeling. In the illustrative examples, both the integration flow modeling diagram and the profile have been used to describe the communication in the context of the Integrated services view of the 1+5 architectural views model. The profile has been designed in the visual paradigm tool and revealed in a public repository for the community.

GEN-10 WHOLE GENOME LANDSCAPE OF GLIOBLASTOMA, IDH-WILD TYPE

Abstract Introduction: Glioblastoma, IDH-wild type (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. Although its coding region is well-analyzed, little is yet known about the landscape of whole-genome in GBM. Here, we analyzed whole-genome sequencing data from large cohorts to completely uncover the genetic aberrations in GBM. Methods: We analyzed 281 whole-genome sequencing data of patients with GBM, of which 152 cases are from our cohort with deep coverage (×120) and 129 cases are from a public database. Results: The median numbers of somatic mutations and structural variants (SVs) per case are 3.0/Mb and 62.5, respectively. While a complex SV is rare in other malignant brain tumors such as IDH-mutant glioma (35% of samples), a large proportion of GBM cases (85%) have complex SV with ≥10 breakpoints. CDKN2A/B homozygous deletions (HDs) are usually comprised of a simple deletion in IDH-mutant glioma whereas about a quarter of CDKN2A/B HDs in GBM are induced by complex SVs. In addition, 30.5% of extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) involves multiple chromosomes. Taken together, complex SVs could play a key role in the initiation and progression of GBM. Our deep WGS enables us to delineate a fine view of clonal architecture, where mutational signature varies between clonal and subclonal mutations. The majority of clonal mutations consist of the clock-like signature, whereas subclonal mutations have a relatively low proportion of the clock-like signature. Instead, several other signatures including the APOBEC signature significantly increase in subclones, presuming that various mutational processes along with the clock-like signature contribute to the GBM pathogenesis in its progression phase. Conclusions: GBM evolves through exploiting complex structural variants involving multiple driver genes and the accumulation of genetic mutations caused by distinct mechanisms depending on its developmental stage.

Sufi Teaching from the point of the Neural Network Theory view of the Noosphere

At present, the issue of updating the philosophical and religious doctrines to determine the value-semantic coordinates of the socio-cultural code is gaining more and more scientific and social importance. In historical retrospect, the teachings of the Sufis were and still are of great importance, since they had a pronounced impact on the formation of the cultural characteristics of the peoples who inhabited a vast geographical area from Altai to the Crimea. This paper shows that the teachings of the Sufis can be interpreted using modern achievements in neuroscience. The authors of the article substantiate that the teaching of the Sufis from the point of view of the neural network theory of the noosphere is a tool for the system-directed formation of a sociocultural code that fully takes into account the specifics of the object of application of efforts. The methodology of this approach is based on the neural network theory of the noosphere, which allows us to interpret the concept of "sociocultural code" from the standpoint of both the humanities and the natural sciences. On the basis of narrative sources, the idea is revealed that the spiritual, moral, ideological value of the Sufi teachings is preserved at the present time. The peculiarity of the ongoing research (this article is being carried out within the framework of the project) is the possibility of forming an axiological basis for mobilizing the spiritual determinants of the past, the collective ideas of the people. On a new round of historical development, the most promising is the harmonious combination of the heritage of our ancestors with modern achievements in science, technology, and digital civilization. It is essential that the arguments presented in the paper are verifiable, since the neural network theory is essentially a mathematical model that operates on calculable and measurable data. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the teachings of the Sufis from the point of view of the neural network architecture are elements of the socio-cultural code that can be used in the system of spiritual and moral values of the nation's intellectual renewal. Key words: Sufi teachings, noosphere, neural network, sociocultural code, mentality, mysticism, religious consciousness.

In the thick of it: scope rivalry in past counterfactuals of Pomerano

This paper analyzes the morphosyntactic variation in past counterfactuals with modal verbs in Pomerano, a Low German variety spoken in Brazil. The variation concerns (i) the highest verb (temporal auxiliary or modal verb), (ii) the morphological form of the temporal auxiliary (blocking of tense and/or person agreement), (iii) the frequently unexpected position of the modal verb (verb clusters in the CP-domain), and (iv) the overall number of verbs (syntactic doubling and/or PF-insertion). Analyzing more than 6,000 translated sentences, scope rivalry between the temporal auxiliary and the modal verb proves to be the major catalyst of an intriguing instance of language variation and change. The derivation of the extant variants grants us a privileged view of the clausal architecture of Pomerano—including cases of derivational misfiring—as well as of more general processes of clause formation.

Recognizing genetically related depositional packages using 3D photogrammetric outcrop models in a fluvially dominated, tidally influenced meander-belt succession

Fluvio-tidal estuary deposits are characterized by abundant channel-associated dunes, compound dunes and point bar deposits. The delineation of boundaries between different point bars to identify genetically unrelated packages is difficult to assess, particularly where similarly dipping bars are superimposed on each other. This study uses an outcrop dataset of the McMurray Formation along the Christina River in NE Alberta, Canada, focuses on bedding relationships and the nature of sedimentary contacts pertaining to the two dominant channel-associated facies: 1) dune-scale, cross-bedded sandstone (CB) representing lower parts of estuary point-bar deposit or thalweg-associated dunes; and 2) inclined heterolithic stratified sandstone and mudstone (IHS) bedsets typically representing the middle and upper part of point bar deposits. This study lays a foundation for documenting and differentiating discrete channel deposits using sedimentological observations at the outcrop, photogrammetry, and surface-orientation analyses of the resulting 3D model. The results reveal the following findings: 1) the IHS units may be underlain by erosional surfaces, which may not be genetically associated with the underlying cross-bedded sandstone intervals; 2) the forward-accreted tidal compound dunes and laterally accreted fluvio-tidal point bars share similar facies characteristics, but are discernible using bedding orientation analysis; 3) these tidal compound dunes may be under-recognized in many tidally influenced estuary deposits; and 4) an inner estuary point-bar setting may be characterized by stacked small-scale point bars, or stacked lateral accretion sets of a single point bar. The result of this study provides a detailed view of facies architecture in a tide-influenced fluvial setting, and feasible solutions to the challenge of assigning genetic units in such environment.

Capital Transfer through Transmitting Towns Consistent with the Talibanism View in Architecture and Urban Planning

The concentration of facilities, services and activities in an area leads to massive migration in the territory and neglect of existing capacities and resources in the territory, which is a critical situation in the long run. If the location of the capital is not correct, it will cause problems whether in terms of defense and security or in terms of natural resources and urban infrastructure, not only for the capital but also for the whole country. In this study, we seek to examine the situation of Kabul as a capital city and provide proposed solutions to improve the current situation and the possibility of moving the capital. For this purpose, the required information was collected using a documentary study, available information, and the latest master plan of Kabul city, which was carried out by Russia in 1964. Due to the lack of financial resources and the political situation in Afghanistan, it is suggested to transfer the capital to Parwan by planning new cities with a limited population. The new towns, are designed according to the culture of the citizens of Afghanistan and with the thinking of Talibanism in architecture and urban planning. These new towns are at certain distances from each other, next to the main road and fruitful arteries between Kabul and Parwan city, and finally, the capital will be transferred to Parwan. In that case, we will have the capital with a limited population that will reduce any risk and enable political control.

Widespread Gene Expression Divergence in Butterfly Sensory Tissues Plays a Fundamental Role During Reproductive Isolation and Speciation.

Neotropical Heliconius butterflies are well known for their intricate behaviors and multiple instances of incipient speciation. Chemosensing plays a fundamental role in the life history of these groups of butterflies and in the establishment of reproductive isolation. However, chemical communication involves synergistic sensory and accessory functions, and it remains challenging to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying behavioral differences. Here, we examine the gene expression profiles and genomic divergence of three sensory tissues (antennae, legs, and mouthparts) between sexes (females and males) and life stages (different adult stages) in two hybridizing butterflies, Heliconius melpomene and Heliconius cydno. By integrating comparative transcriptomic and population genomic approaches, we found evidence of widespread gene expression divergence, supporting a crucial role of sensory tissues in the establishment of species barriers. We also show that sensory diversification increases in a manner consistent with evolutionary divergence based on comparison with the more distantly related species Heliconius charithonia. The findings of our study strongly support the unique chemosensory function of antennae in all three species, the importance of the Z chromosome in interspecific divergence, and the nonnegligible role of nonchemosensory genes in the divergence of chemosensory tissues. Collectively, our results provide a genome-wide illustration of diversification in the chemosensory system under incomplete reproductive isolation, revealing strong molecular separation in the early stage of speciation. Here, we provide a unique perspective and relevant view of the genetic architecture (sensory and accessory functions) of chemosensing beyond the classic chemosensory gene families, leading to a better understanding of the magnitude and complexity of molecular changes in sensory tissues that contribute to the establishment of reproductive isolation and speciation.

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL VISIONS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE

Problems related to ecology and impact on the environment in recent years have transformed our vision of ordinary things and processes. The active development of society was accompanied by a global threat - an increase in the consumption of resources, the main of which was energy. Ecology, as a discipline that is only a century and a half old, catapulted to the forefront of society in the 1960s, when an "ecological crisis" was recognized. Since then, this term appears before us both as a problem and its solution. Environmental movements and changes in social attitudes draw the attention of architects to the problems of ecology. Architecture, along with related fields, naturally reacted to these changes, developing its own way and approaches to solving the environmental problem. During the modern development of society, the problems that have become the beginning of changes in ecology grow in scale and take on new forms. However, this very development makes it possible to solve these problems more effectively. The work of international organizations and institutions is focused on preserving the environment and solving ecological problems. Measures and goals are implemented in the policies of states and cities, and ecology becomes a regulatory requirement. The general vision that considers ecology as a protected article is sustainable development - a general concept regarding the need to establish a balance between meeting the current needs of humanity and protecting the interests of future generations&#x0D; On the example of the first concepts and approaches, the development of scientific and technical achievements and individual projects, it is possible to trace this process and describe the formation of an ecological approach in architecture. The article describes the process of emergence and formation of the trend of environmentalism in architecture. The key stages of the development of the problem of ecology are established and the first concepts of ecological architecture are analyzed. The main factors that influenced the emergence of ecological architecture were identified and systematized. The main goal of the study is to consider the main prerequisites for the formation of ecological views in architecture and to find peculiarities in approaches to the formation of an ecological approach. In addition, the influence of ecology on the formation of a new paradigm in architecture is considered.

Response Spectrum Analysis with Regular and Irregular Structures with Diagrid Systems Using Etabs

Abstract: One of the most catastrophic natural disasters is an earthquake. that wreak havoc on buildings and the loss of life. The irregularities of a building or an asymmetrical system are often found in construction due to the need for architecture view in buildings. Today, the use of buildings and economic barriers requires that vertical and unusual structures be built in urban areas. Therefore proposing measures to reduce the damage to these buildings during an earthquake is important. Strict rules of design and analysis of unusual structures have been applied in view of their high risk of injury compared to conventional structures. There are different types of structural deficiencies depending on their location and width, but most importantly, they are divided into two groups - horizontal irregularities and vertical irregularities. In the study, both irregularities are considered. The current paper seeks to investigate the proportional distribution of lateral forces arising from earthquake action at each floor level due to changes in the strength of the frame in the irregular structure. In accordance with the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) 1893: 2002 (part1), the unusual G + 14 vertical building is modeled as a model of the simplified lump mass to analyze the rigidity of the floors. To analyse parameters such as storey drift, storey displacement and story base shear under seismic force under dynamic analysis are studied

Seismic performance of knee-braced frames equipped with NiTi BRBs

Knee braces (KBs) are often installed at locations near to the beam-to-column connections in frames. In comparison to concentrical and eccentrical braces, KBs have advantages of occupying less space, less affecting the architectural view, and ease of installing and replacing if necessary. As a comparative analysis, this paper evaluates the seismic performance of knee braced frames (KBFs) equipped with steel or NiTi buckling-restrained braces (BRB). Through machining raw bars into bamboo shape, this paper fabricated two types of KBs and conducted cyclic loading tests on reduced-scale specimens. The testing results show that both KBs have stable cyclic properties under loading reversals. The steel BRB has typical elasto-plastic hysteresis, whereas the NiTi BRB has a flag-shape hysteresis. At the system level, the 3- and 6- story KBFs were first designed by performance-based plastic design (PBPD) method and then subjected to a suite of earthquake records. It indicated that the KBFs equipped with either steel or NiTi BRBs can well meet the prescribed drift target. The major advantage of NiTi BRBs over steel BRBs is that they successfully eliminated residual drift ratios for the protected frames, which means the KBFs with NiTi BRBs have higher seismic resilience.

Aesthetic experience and aesthetic perception in the study of the image of the Russian estate: phenomenological aspects

The object of the study is the currently formed image of the Russian manor in its aesthetic interpretation, and the subject is the Russian noble manor from the point of view of the peculiarities of its perception. Turning to history, the author noticed that the existence of the estate as a material building largely depended on the observer's interest in it, and it was he who formed its status throughout the existence of the estate. However, although the image of the estate has been addressed in various periods from the point of view of history, art, culture and architecture, one can find a little study of it from the observer, whose role, according to the author, should not be underestimated. The author suggests starting the research that can establish and describe this role by establishing the Russian estate as a work of art, not only possessing the aura that V. Benjamin wrote about, but also capable of generating an atmosphere. The atmosphere differs from the aura in that it is not enclosed in the object of art, but forms the space around it. It is also important to distinguish three sides of the modern perception of the Russian estate: the interest of others in it, personal interest and the ratio of their own and others' interest. It is in the correlation of interest, aura and uniqueness of each act of its perception that the significance of aesthetic experience and aesthetic perception lies in the study of the image of the Russian estate.

A Pragmatic MBSE Approach of Nissan Powertrain Team to Minimizing Document‐Based SE

AbstractThis paper describes a pragmatic Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) approach to reduce dependence on traditional documents and manage complexity of the electrified powertrain system. The approach enables requirements flow‐down from an upper abstraction layer to the lower one(s) with stepwise analysis and design for a holistic system architecture of the system of interest. This approach is employed in the Nissan Powertrain development, which aims to solve challenges due to the traditional documents systems engineering (SE) approach to complex systems. This paper describes an MBSE approach developed for Nissan‐7 methodology that focuses on knowledge capture, fast feedback on requirements and design, and early verification and validation. The significant benefits of using an MBSE approach over a traditional documents SE approach are: a holistic view of system architecture, knowledge reusability, communicability, and adaptability to new technologies. This paper presents proof of concept example projects that have demonstrated that it is viable to use this approach and apply it to an actual development for future work.

Semantic Model‐based Systems Engineering based on KARMA: A Research and Practice Roadmap 2025

AbstractModel‐based Systems Engineering is proposed as a graphical approach to support for‐malization of system artifacts across system lifecycle based on models since 1993. The previous motivation of graphical specification is to provide a unified graphical description on the perspective of systems engineering in order to formalize system architectural views, to promote communications among stakeholders and to support system analysis and verification. However, when different modeling tools are developed based on such graphical specifications, model and data interoperability across modeling tools is the biggest challenge faced by the tool venders and MBSE practitioners. Thus, semantic specification is proposed again to enhance data interoperability, such as SysML 2.0 as a possible solution. In this paper, we propose a new semantic MBSE language and framework aiming to support complex system development using a semantic two‐core mechanism: 1) KARMA language and 2) Industrial Ontologies Foundry (IOF) SE and MBSE ontology. Then, we introduce the KARMA Roadmap 2025 including technical vision, organizational views and standardization. A new KARMA open‐source modeling environment is planned to being created in order to provide MBSE application for more industrial practitioners.

A model-based design of an onboard stereo vision system: obstacle motion estimation for cooperative automated vehicles

Cooperative automated vehicle software needs to use advanced software engineering design methodologies to manage the complexity of distributed software. This article presents a design model of a stereo vision system for cooperative automated vehicles based on object-oriented analysis and design methodologies and unified modeling language concepts. We use a rational unified process and the 4+1 architectural view model to design the stereo vision system. The designed model is a part of the perception system of the ego vehicle. The stereo vision system continuously perceives the traffic environment using an on-board front-facing stereo camera and sends information to the vehicle control system. The stereo vision system is developed on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS platform with the Nvidia DriveWorks framework using the C++ programming language, and it is deployed on Nvidia Drive PX2 automotive-grade embedded hardware platform. The designed and developed system is evaluated on the Carla simulation environment and the Renault Twizy cooperative automated vehicle research platform. The experimental results show that the approach is applicable, and the system is capable of running in real-time.

Landscape Projection and Its Technological Use in Conceptualising Places and Architecture

The manipulation of landscape and the technological use of its views can be a strategy for place-making and a way of creating architecture and making it original. The methods used for this can be different, for example, by mechanically revealing and obscuring views, optical or film projection, directing the viewer to specific frames, using mirrors, etc. This approach is alternative and somewhat in opposition to the natural incorporation of the object into the landscape. In modernism, different architectural views of the surroundings were tested and used differently. These experiences are now transposed to contemporary architectural objects thanks to technological developments and the scenographic shaping of space. The article refers to the sources of transferring landscape views in popular dioramas and the effects of the development of photography, cinematography, and IT media. It describes the possible consequences of perceiving such a created landscape and more general—the world. An example of such a means of expression being fully and consciously taken is the now-defunct Charles de Beistegui Paris apartment. It was designed by Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret in 1929–1931. The apartment was selected for analysing as a case study and confronted with contemporary realisations that use various creative techniques involving the landscape.