Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and spore population was investigated in different agroforestry trees and crop species collected from different locations of Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. Roots and rhizosphere soils of Albizia procera Benth., Capsicum frutescens L, Curcuma domestica Vahl., Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. and Swietenia macrophylla King. from Dashmail; C. domestica, D. sissoo, Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnn., Gmelina arborea (Roxb) DC and Oryza sativa L. from Kantaji and C. domestica, D. sissoo, Litchi chinensis Sonn. and O. sativa from Ramsagar were collected. Roots and soils were assessed following standard methods. The range of AM colonization was recorded 36%–79% from Dashmail. The highest AM colonization was recorded in C. frutescens (79%) and the lowest was in C. domestica (36%). The range of colonization was recorded as 33%–70% from Kantaji. The highest AM colonization was recorded in G. arborea (70%) and the lowest was in O. sativa (33%). The range of AM colonization was recorded as 35%–70% from Ramsagar. The highest AM colonization was recorded in D. sissoo (70%) and the lowest was in O. sativa (35%). Arbuscular mycorrhizal spore population varied from 54 to 140/100g dry soil in the soils from Dashmail. The highest was in the soils of D. sissoo (140) and the lowest was in C. domestica (54). The spore population varied from 63 to 221 in Kantaji. The highest was in G. arborea (221) and the lowest was in O. sativa (63). The range population in Ramsagar varied from 69 to 160. The highest was recorded in D. sissoo (160) and the lowest was in L. chinensis (69). No significant relationship of soil pH and soil OM with AM colonization and with spore population was observed. Simpson’s index of diversity (Ds) and Shannon’s index of diversity-(Hs) were highest in the soil of D. sissoo from Kantaji and the lowest in the soils of O. sativa from Ramsagar. Biodiversity of AM colonization, spore population and the distribution of AM fungi in the rhizosphere soils of different agroforestry plants indicated the occurrence of AM fungi, mycotrophic nature of the trees and crop species, contribution and necessity of AM fungi and the AM dependence of the agroforestry plants growing in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh.