Arbitrary Simple Gauge Group Research Articles

Toda equations for surface defects in SYM and instanton counting for classical Lie groups

The partition function of super Yang-Mills theories with arbitrary simple gauge group coupled to a self-dual Ω background is shown to be fully determined by studying the renormalization group equations relevant to the surface operators generating its one-form symmetries. The corresponding system of equations results in a non-autonomous Toda chain on the root system of the Langlands dual, the evolution parameter being the RG scale. A systematic algorithm computing the full multi-instanton corrections is derived in terms of recursion relations whose gauge theoretical solution is obtained just by fixing the perturbative part of the IR prepotential as its asymptotic boundary condition for the RGE. We analyze the explicit solutions of the τ-system for all the classical groups at the diverse levels, extend our analysis to affine twisted Lie algebras and provide conjectural bilinear relations for the τ-functions of linear quiver gauge theory.

The mixed 0-form/1-form anomaly in Hilbert space: pouring the new wine into old bottles

We study four-dimensional gauge theories with arbitrary simple gauge group with 1-form global center symmetry and 0-form parity or discrete chiral symmetry. We canonically quantize on \U0001d54b3, in a fixed background field gauging the 1-form symmetry. We show that the mixed 0-form/1-form ’t Hooft anomaly results in a central extension of the global-symmetry operator algebra. We determine this algebra in each case and show that the anomaly implies degeneracies in the spectrum of the Hamiltonian at any finite- size torus. We discuss the consistency of these constraints with both older and recent semiclassical calculations in SU(N) theories, with or without adjoint fermions, as well as with their conjectured infrared phases.

Counting Yang-Mills Instantons by Surface Operator Renormalization Group Flow

We show that the nonperturbative dynamics of N=2 super-Yang-Mills theories in a self-dual Ω background and with arbitrary simple gauge group is fully determined by studying renormalization group equations of vacuum expectation values of surface operators generating one-form symmetries. The corresponding system of equations is a nonautonomous Toda chain, the time being the renormalization group scale. We obtain new recurrence relations which provide a systematic algorithm computing multi-instanton corrections from the tree-level one-loop prepotential as the asymptotic boundary condition of the renormalization group equations. We exemplify by computing the E_{6} and G_{2} cases up to two instantons.

On the Yang-Mills mass gap problem

Theorem 4.1 of the author’s paper “Quantum Yang-Mills-Weyl dynamics in the Schroedinger paradigm”, RJMP 21 (2), 169–188 (2014) claims the relative ellipticity of cutoff Yang-Mills quantum energy-mass operators in von Neumann algebras with regular traces. This implies that the spectra of cutoff self-adjoint Yang-Mills energy-mass operators in a nonperturbative quantum Yang-Mills theory (with an arbitrary compact simple gauge group) are nonnegative sequences of the eigenvalues converging to +∞. The spectra are self-similar in the inverse proportion to the running coupling constant. In particular, they have self-similar positive spectral mass gaps. Presumably, this is a solution of the Yang-Mills Millennium problem.

On the solutions of generalized Bogomolny equations

Generalized Bogomolny equations are encountered in the localization of the topological N=4 SYM theory. The boundary conditions for 't Hooft and surface operators are formulated by giving a model solution with some special singularity. In this note we consider the generalized Bogomolny equations on a half space and construct model solutions for the boundary 't Hooft and surface operators. It is shown that for the 't Hooft operator the equations reduce to the open Toda chain for arbitrary simple gauge group. For the surface operators the solutions of interest are rational solutions of a periodic non-abelian Toda system.

Hitchin's equations and integrability of BPSZNstrings in Yang-Mills theories

We show that ZN string's BPS equations are equivalent to the Hitchin's equations (or self-duality equation) and also to the zero curvature condition. We construct the general form for BPS ZN string solutions for arbitrary simple gauge groups with non-trivial center. Depending on the vacuum solutions considered, the ZN string's BPS equations reduce to different two dimensional integrable field equations. For a particular vacuum we obtain the equation of affine Toda field theory.

Zkstring fluxes and monopole confinement in non-Abelian theories

Recently (hep-th/0104171) we considered N=2 super Yang-Mills with a N=2 mass breakingn term and showed the existence of BPS Z_{k}-string solutions for arbitrary simple gauge groups which are spontaneously broken to non-Abelian residual gauge groups. We also calculated their string tensions exactly. In doing so, we have considered in particular the hypermultiplet in the same representation as the one of a diquark condensate. In the present work we analyze some of the different phases of the theory and find that the magnetic fluxes of the monopoles are multiple of the fundamental Z_{k}-string flux, allowing for monopole confinement in one of the phase transitions of the theory. We also calculate the threshold length for a string breaking. Some of these confining theories can be obtained by adding a N=0 deformation term to N=2 or N=4 superconformal theories.

Script N = 4 SYM matrix integrals for almost all simple gauge groups (exceptE7andE8)

In this paper the partition function of N=4 D=0 super Yang-Mills matrix theory with arbitrary simple gauge group is discussed. We explicitly computed its value for all classical groups of rank up to 11 and for the exceptional groups G_2, F_4 and E_6. In the case of classical groups of arbitrary rank we conjecture general formulas for the B_r, C_r and D_r series in addition to the known result for the A_r series. Also, the relevant boundary term contributing to the Witten index of the corresponding supersymmetric quantum mechanics has been explicitly computed as a simple function of rank for the orthogonal and symplectic groups SO(2N+1), Sp(2N), SO(2N).

Sheets of BPS monopoles and instantons with arbitrary simple gauge group

We show that the BPS configurations of uniform field strength can be interpreted as those for sheets of infinite number of BPS magnetic monopoles, and found that the number of normalizable zero modes per each magnetic monopole charge is four. We identify monopole sheets as the intersecting planes of D3 branes. Similar analysis on self-dual instanton configurations is worked out and the number of zero modes per each instanton number is found to match that of single isolated instanton.

On the spontaneous identity of chiral and supersymmetry breaking in pure super Yang-Mills theories

We show that in supersymmetric pure Yang-Mills theories with arbitrary simple gauge group, the spontaneous breaking of chiral fermionic and bosonic charge by the associated gaugino and gauge boson condensates implies the spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry by the condensate of the underlying Lagrangian density. The explicit breaking of the restricted fermionic charge through the chiral anomaly is deferred to a secondary stage in the elimination of infrared singularities or long range forces.

Instantons and magnetic monopoles on R3×S1 with arbitrary simple gauge groups

We investigate Yang-Mills theories with arbitrary gauge group on R3×S1, whose symmetry is spontaneously broken by the Wilson loop. We show that instantons are made of fundamental magnetic monopoles, each of which has a corresponding root in the extended Dynkin diagram. The number of constituent magnetic monopoles for a single instanton is the dual Coxeter number of the gauge group, which also accounts for the number of instanton zero modes. In addition, we show that there exists a novel type of the S1 coordinate dependent magnetic monopole solutions in G2,F4,E8.

The role of the Weyl group in gauge theories

The mechanical model with arbitrary simple compact gauge group is studied. It is shown that the phase (and configurational) space structures of physical degrees of freedom differ from the ordinary planes. The reason is: after elimination of unphysical variables in both phase and configurational spaces some discrete gauge group acts which identifies certain points of the spaces. This phenomenon leads to modification of the hamiltonian path integral.

The existence of multi-monopole solutions to the non-Abelian, Yang-Mills-Higgs Equations for arbitrary simple gauge groups

We prove that for arbitrary simple gauge groups, the non-Abelian Yang-Mills-Higgs Equations on ℝ3 in the Prasad-Sommerfield limit have at least a countably infinite set of distinct solutions. These solutions may be interpreted physically as configurations of widely spaced, non-interacting fundamental monopoles. The solutions are generically not spherically symmetric.