With the development of the global economy, international investment gradually occupies an important position in the market, and at the same time it also brings some legal disputes, ICSID is the direct main body to resolve international investment disputes, while its arbitration jurisdiction is the prerequisite and the primary issue for the arbitral tribunal to resolve international investment disputes. At present, the expansion of ICSID's arbitration jurisdiction is an issue that needs to be addressed by the international community. This paper is divided into four parts, the first part of the overview starts from the main body ICSID, the second part analyzes the expansion path of ICSID's arbitration jurisdiction and its reasons, the third part puts forward the reform path of ICSID's arbitration jurisdiction, and the fourth part puts forward China's countermeasures.