Arabic Proverbs Research Articles

Portrayal of Men and Women in English and Palestinian Arabic Proverbs

Portrayal of Men and Women in English and Palestinian Arabic Proverbs

The Representation Of Arabian Identity Through Cultural Terms In Arabic Proverbs

One form of language that contains cultural elements is proverbs which in Arabic are called amtsal. This study aims to discover the identity of the Arabians which is represented in cultural terms in the amtsal. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, while data collection is done by reading and writing. The results show two things; the first, Arabic proverbs contain a number of cultural terms, which consist of three types, namely ecology, socio-culture, and artifacts. The second result shows the Arabic identity as seen from the amtsal, with a total of seven identities, namely the custom of war, fondness of traveling, low rainfall, palm trees and the fruit, gold, value time, and honoring science.

The Metaphor of the Animals' Names (Wolf and Sheep) in Arabic and English Proverbs: A comparative Study

This study investigated the meanings conveyed by wolf and sheep concepts in Arabic and English proverbs, as well as the similarities between both languages regarding these meanings. Data of the study comprised Arabic and English proverbs related to wolf and sheep. They have been gathered from two dictionaries of proverbs. Arabic proverbs have been collected from Majmac Al-Amthal, while English proverbs have been gathered from The Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs. The data analysis focused on the investigation of the meanings of wolf and sheep proverbs using the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) and the Great Chain of Being (GCB). The analysis revealed that both animals are used to convey some meanings about human beings. Moreover, the results indicated that these meanings are common in the proverbs of both languages though they are related to two different cultures.

Contextualized translation

This article aims to shed light upon the difficulty that arises when translating culture-specific proverbial utterances from a source language (SL) to a target language (TL). For this particular purpose, we select a number of both quasi-universal and culture-specific Moroccan Arabic proverbs (MAPs) to investigate their translatability into English. The study unfolds that the extent to which MAPs are successfully translated into English is closely related to their cultural load. Whereas the translator can accurately replace quasi-universal MAPs with their English equivalents, the translation of culture-specific MAP’s is rather problematic. The process of this translation is obstructed mainly because these MAPs are carriers of cultural values, beliefs, and ideas that are not common or have no equivalents in English cultural background. To overcome this obstacle, we suggest a translation strategy that can be used to appropriately translate culture-specific MAPs into English. We argue that this strategy enables the TL recipients (TLRs) to derive the right interpretation of the source proverb (SP) even when it bears no relevance in their culture.

Preserving Meaning and Context: A Study of Cultural Adaptation in the Translation of Arabic Proverbs

This research delves into the intricate dynamics of translating proverbs, aiming to ensure that the essence of the source language is accurately conveyed in the target language. Translating proverbs presents unique challenges due to the inherent cultural and contextual nuances embedded within them. To address this, employing culturally equivalent strategies becomes crucial in faithfully representing the intended meaning. The process of translating through culture is not merely a mechanical task; it serves as a bridge fostering a profound understanding between different cultures. This bridge facilitates the effective communication of proverbial messages in the target language, exemplified by the proverb "Qabla ar-rima tumlau al-kanain." A literal translation fails to capture its essence, but a cultural approach reveals its Indonesian equivalent: "sedia paying sebelum hujan." This stark contrast underscores the necessity of cultural adaptation to convey the intended message accurately. This qualitative study relies on data sourced from various references, such as "Al-Balaghah Al-Wadhihah" and "Al-Amtsal Al-Arabiyyah Wa Al-Amtsal Al-Amiyah: Muqaranah Dalaliyah" by Al-hamzawi. Proverbs are extracted, and the research applies content analysis and a cultural adaptation approach. The fusion of Arabic proverbs with Indonesian counterparts from works like Dipo Udi's "Kumpulan Peribahasa Indonesia" and the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture's "500 Pepatah" allows for a comprehensive analysis. The findings affirm that cultural adaptation effectively conveys proverbial messages. This adaptation involves substituting proverbs with culturally relevant expressions, ensuring a seamless integration into the cultural context of the target language. Ultimately, this research sheds light on the significance of cultural sensitivity in translating proverbs for a more nuanced and accurate representation of their intended meanings.

The Water Theme in Arabic Proverbs

Kendi varlığını tanıma ve anlamlandırmaya çalışan insan, yeryüzünde var olduğu günden bu yana çevresiyle sürekli bir ilişki içerisinde olmuştur. Bu durum onu varlıkları bilmeye, daha yakından tanımaya sevk etmiştir. Bu sevk ediş varlıklarla tanışmanın ve bütünleşmenin yolunu açmıştır. Özellikle kâinatın özünü teşkil eden “Anâsır-ı Erbaa” (su, hava, toprak, ateş) onun hayatını sürdürebilmesi için en önemli unsur olmuştur. Birçok kadim kültür hayatın, canlının ve canlılığın suyla ve suda başladığına işaret etmişlerdir. Dikkat edilse görülecektir ki su, insan hayatında doğumundan ölümüne kadar etkin bir şekilde yer etmiştir. Gezegenimizin büyük bir bölümünün sularla kaplı olması ayrıca insan vücudunun büyük oranının sudan teşekkül etmesi onun insan hayatında oynadığı rolü ön plana çıkarmıştır. Su insanın hayatına paydaş olan ve eşlik eden bitkilerin ve hayvanların hayatının idamesi için de hayati öneme sahip olmuştur. Onun Anâsır-ı Erbaa'dan olan su ile ilişkisi: Temizlikten içmeye, üretimden enerjiye, eğlenceden sulamaya, savaştan barışa, ticaretten alışverişe kadar hayatının tümüne yansımıştır. Canlıların varlık nedeni, hayatın devamını sağlayan unsur ve hayatın temeli, hayatın ta kendisi olmuştur. Bilinmektedir ki, insan hayatı biyolojik olarak suyla başlar ve susuz kaldığında biter. Suyun kıtlığı veya yokluğu birçok olumsuzluğu tetiklemiş kimi zamansa canlı hayatın ortadan kalkmasına yol açan dehşetli hadiselere dönüşmüştür. O nedenle uzmanlar da suyun kullanımı konusuna dikkat çekerek suyun israfı konusunda uyarıda bulunma gereği duymuşlardır. Ayrıca dinî literatürde ırmaktan bile abdest alınırken suyun israf edilmemesi noktasında ikazda bulunulmuştur. Dolayısıyla insan hayatını kültürel, siyasî, iktisadî ve çevresel olarak derinden etkileyen su, bu etkisini edebiyat alanında da göstermiştir. Bununla beraber Türk kültüründe de suyun “aziz” bir varlık oluşu toplumca kabul görmüştür. Bu meyanda su, birçok dilde atasözlerinin ortaya çıkışına tesir ettiği gibi Arap atasözlerinin de zuhuruna neden olmuştur. Hatta bu durum günlük kullanıma dahi yansımıştır. Özellikle Arapların yaşadıkları mekân itibariyle suyun ayrı bir değeri söz konusu olmuştur. Çölleri yeşile boyayan su sayesinde vahalar ortaya çıkmıştır. Adeta su, günlük hayatın bir parçası olduğu gibi Arap atasözlerinin de ortaya çıkışına kaynaklık etmiştir. Buradan hareketle çalışmada Arap atasözlerinin teşekkülüne neden olan su konusu ele alınacaktır. Bu yapılırken önce atasözünün Arapçası, kaynaklardan hareketle verilecektir. Daha sonra varsa garip kelimeleri, atasözünün söylenme nedenine dikkat çekilecektir. Konunun netleşmesi için zaman zaman Türk atasözleri de zikredilecektir. Her atasözün kısa bir yorumuyla konu tamamlanmaya çalışılacaktır.

Individual Aspects in the Process of Folklorization of Minor Verbal Forms (Based on the analysis of Sirian dialect Arabic proverbs with Georgian Parallels)

Individual Aspects in the Process of Folklorization of Minor Verbal Forms (Based on the analysis of Sirian dialect Arabic proverbs with Georgian Parallels)

Depiction of Women in Arabic Proverbs: Pragma-Discoursal Analysis

This study investigates women's representation in Arabic proverbs, specifically those from Palestinian, Omani, Yamani, and Sudanese cultures, to answer the following questions: (1)Do these proverbs usually depict women as having low status? (2)What linguistic techniques are used in these proverbs the most frequently? (3)How is the intersection between critical discourse analysis and pragmatics manifested in these proverbs? (4)What are the most common character traits attributed to women in these proverbs? The study applied a descriptive method in its analysis of 106 Arabic proverbs from the Sudanese, Omani, Yamani and Palestinian cultures. First, it was determined whether all of the proverbs reflected poor status for women. Second, a linguistic configuration was performed in addition to focusing on the functions of pragmatics and discourse analysis to identify the most prominent linguistic and pragmatic patterns and their associated interpretations. Third, the numbers and percentages of positive and negative traits were calculated. The study comes to the conclusion most of the Arabic proverbs depict low status for women. Lexical cohesion, rhyme, lexemes and feminine anthroponyms are the most common linguistic tactics utilized in proverbs. Negative proverbs are more common than positive ones in their depiction of women's representation, and the common attributes attributed to women in proverbs are being unfocused, wicked and ill-natured. In fact, this study demonstrates how the language of proverbs reflects women's inferiority compared to men in earlier cultures.

AT-TA’ĀWUN ROKḻZAH LI AL-HAYĀH: DIRĀSAH TAHLḻLIYAH LI AL-MATṠAL AL-ARABY

Many Arabic proverbs emphasize the importance of collaboration and its influence on the progress and development of humans and society. This study chooses proverbs as the object of study because of their wide distribution and universality. This paper aims to study the Arabic proverb al-yadu al-wahidah la tushaffiq, which gives advice about human life, experience, and many lessons. It discusses the various forms of human collaboration in society. This paper is qualitative descriptive research. The data collection technique in this research is the documentation technique. As for the data analysis technique used, it includes reading, categorization, and interpretation, as well as concluding. This research shows that al-yadu al-wahidah la tushaffiq proverb shows the importance of cooperation between human beings. Humanity is complete and can only progress with collaboration and teamwork. Al-yadu al-wahidah la tushaffiq proverb shows that collaboration can take various forms: community cooperation, security cooperation, peace cooperation, and economic cooperation

Some animal-related expressions in Arabic (4)

Arabic language had its own distinctive signs before the Islam period which were later retained.These distinctive signs are confirmed even in proverbs and phraseologies. That is why some of them lose their initial importance when translated. In Arabic proverbs or phraseological expressions, we can often meet several animal types. Observing them and consantrating some of the features of the animal is denounced or praised a person’s specific feature. In the article we will discussed the animal-related fictional words,which are reflected in the Arabic language with sufficient completeness. The material is found in different dictionaries. The observation of Arabic proverbs and phraseological expressions showed, that part of them is absolutely correlated with Georgian in both aspects, in form and in contentIn the Arabic language there is a large group of proverbs and expressions, that do not have analogy in Georgian, however, the opinion can be transmitted by the description. A part of the Arabic phraseology or proverb does not have any meaningful analogy in Georgian.

Gender Bias Ideologies in Proverbial Discourse

The study of gender and language goes beyond just describing the differences between men's and women's linguistic patterns to reveal how language functions as a symbolic method to create and maintain individual, social, and cultural features and identities. Men's and women's linguistic patterns are different, according to research on language and gender. They claim that it is a proven reality caused by unequal and prevalent gender relations.This paper is extracted from the thesis of Ideologies behind Gender Bias in Selected English and Arabic Proverbs: A Pragma-Critical Discourse Analysis, as a prerequisite to be submitted to the Examining Committee.This study investigates the way gender relations are expressed and communicated via the use of English folk proverbs. The major focus of this research is the relationship between language, gender relations, and English culture. As a result, the study focuses on investigating how proverbs play, an important role in gender inequality, and the ideologies that justify them. The research hypothesizes: (1) gender ideologies are manifested discursively and culturally which stand against gender neutrality, (2) gender bias cannot be removed by gender neutrality. The study concludes: (1) that the proverbial discourse shows explicit and implicit ideologies that uphold current gender inequities, (2) gender bias represents the structure of the ideological communities, which is fostered discursively, thus it is an inescapable reality

The Legitimization of Gender Bias in Selected English Proverbs

The study of language and gender reveals how language works as a symbolic tool to construct and preserve personal, social, and cultural aspects and identities, going beyond merely documenting the distinctions between men's and women's linguistic patterns. Thus, it is better to tackle proverbs as data for being loaded with important themes, mainly, gender inequality and prejudiced views.The paper is achieved from the thesis of Ideologies behind Gender Bias in Selected English and Arabic Proverbs: A Pragma-Critical Discourse Analysis, as a requirement to be proposed to the Examining Committee.The study attempts to examine sexist proverbs pragmatically to prove the legitimation of the ideological aspects of gender bias in terms of speech act. This leads to a major aim the study sets in advance, which is to refute the concept of gender neutrality.The research hypothesizes: 1. Proverbs are performative speech acts. Proverbial speech acts both constitute and instigate gender discrimination. 2. Gender bias is legitimized in the proverbial discourse that blocks the way towards gender neutrality.The analysis concludes: (1) Proverbs provide insight into gender dynamics in terms of locutions and lexical triggers (father, mother, etc.). Proverbs are discriminatory speech acts in which hate, and discrimination are promoted and instigated by the social and traditional authorities. (2) Gender bias and the ideologies behind it are legitimized in proverbs by the social authority like, the personal and model authority of father; and the traditionality where it is generally not opposed.

A Pragmatic Analysis of Woman's Images in Selected English and Arabic Proverbs

This study is within the framework of linguistics that tries to analyze written and spoken discourse and study its features through pragmatic tools to understand the process of communication. The study mainly aims to seek the meaning through pragmatic analysis to reveal both negative and positive depiction about women in some English and Arabic proverbs. The samples were taken from different written and spoken sources. The study concluded that proverb had various expressions that consist of imperative, prohibitive, conditional and compound negative construction. Semantic meaning is different from pragmatic function that is related to the background story of the proverb used to support; object of ridicule the context if it is violates the human civilizational norms.

Power and Gender in Saudi Hijazi Proverbs: An Ideological-Cultural Study.

Proverbs generally reflect a nation's social values, norms and attitudes. Several studies have looked into the representation of women in proverbs. However, such research on women's portrayal in Arabic proverbs is scarce. The aim of this research is to explore the representations of women in Hijazi proverbs in Saudi Arabia. Twenty-five proverbs portraying women were selected from several authentic books of Hijazi using the Feminist critical discourse analysis approach. On one hand, the findings showed women were represented negatively as lacking intellectual maturity, failures, incapable of carrying out their tasks, bad-decision makers, inclined to bias, and the source of temptation for men. On the other hand, women were praised in a number of proverbs that confine them to particular restricted gender roles, such as mothers, wives and daughters. We argue that some of the Hijazi proverbs on women may represent negative images of women and that should not be encouraged, or perhaps that would be advisable not to encourage their use in Hijazi society or to refrain from using them when communicating with women.

المضامين التربوية للأمثال: مجمع الأمثال للميداني اختيارا

This study aimed to identify the educational implications of Arabic proverbs through application to the book of “Mujama’a Al-Amthaal” by Almaydani. The researcher reviewed a set of proverbs from a book as a model to access the educational contents. Therefore, the study was keen to analyze and explain tese proverbs, and to clarify the values they contain that contribute to raising the individual and directing his behavior, as well as upgrading the society towards noble morals of love, solidarity and cooperation. The study casted many questions: What are these implications? What are their role in guiding the behavior of the individual and society? And to what extent are the proverbs related to the case of the addressee? The study came through the application on a group of proverbs contained in the book of the Proverbs Complex by Almaydani, and the number of them in the study reached (31) examples distributed over four contents, and this resulted in a set of educational values related to these contents, which the researcher clarified through the study.

A Sociolinguistics Study on Gender in Egyptian Arabic Proverbs

This study discusses gender in Egyptian Arabic proverbs from a sociolinguistic point of view to see the correlation between language and socio-cultural Egyptian society. The research method used in this study is a combination of intralingual, extra lingual, hermeneutic, and correlational methods. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that gender disclosure in Egyptian Arabic proverbs uses lingual units in the form of words and phrases. As for the meaning, the expression of gender in Egyptian Arabic uses a literal or actual meaning and a figurative meaning or a non-true meaning. The gender gap that appears in Egyptian Arabic proverbs is in the form of relationship gaps, roles in the family, and the construction of stereotypes of women as inferior and dependent figures. The gender gap reflected in the proverb is in accordance with the reality of the high level of gender inequality in Egypt. This reveals that there is a correlation between language and socio-cultural Egyptian society.

A Semantic Analysis of Rhetorical Figures in Jordanian Proverbs

To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, no study thus, far has attempted to identify nor classify the standard types of rhetorical figures (tropes). Arabic proverbs commonly contain, not to mention Jordanian proverbs. This gap is what triggered the researchers to conduct the present study with the hope that it would motivate further research, and ultimately fill such a gap in the literature of Arabic paremiology. The present study attempts to provide a semantic analysis of the rhetorical figures found in Jordanian proverbs. The sample of the study consists of 345 proverbs (all with themes relating to women) retrieved from two large national proverb compendia, namely, al-Uzayzi’s (2012). The Jordan Heritage Encyclopedia, and al-Amad’s (2008) Jordanian Popular Proverbs. Norrick’s (1985) framework has been applied in the analysis of rhetorical figures, as well as in finding a correlation between the proverbs’ literal and figurative meanings vis á vis their standard proverbial interpretation (SPI). The results of the study reveal that of all the rhetorical figures found in the Arabic language, Jordanian proverbs seem to employ only a relatively limited number. Jordanian proverbs exhibit figures, such as, synecdoche, metaphor, metonymy, hyperbole, paradox and allusion; however, species-genus synecdoche turns out to be the most frequently used figure in Jordanian proverbs. The study also concludes that figuration (or metaphoricity) renders proverbs more generic, allowing them to be applicable to a wide variety of situations.

Las Variaciones lingüísticas en el dialecto iraquí y sus equivalentes en el idioma español

El motivo de presentar este trabajo se puede resumir en los siguientes puntos:
 
 
 llamar la atención a las variaciones lingüísticas que hace que la lengua árabe sea lengua ricamente expresiva.
 Exponer una cantidad suficiente de las diferencias en el valor lingüístico y las diferencias en expresar un enuncio en el dialecto árabe iraquí de una obra literaria, escrita en el mismo dialecto, bajo el nombre Frankenstein en Bagdad (FB), traducida a la lengua española.
 Enfocar la luz sobre los errores de traducción. Este tipo de error explicaríamos sus motivos y como ser analizado en las siguientes páginas. Es un error común que los traductores cometen, en particular, cuando se relacione de un refrán árabe o un dicho de procedencia étnica o religiosa. Lo contrario para las partes del idioma árabe clásico. Ya que se encuentra el significado exacto y natural al transferir un valor del árabe estándar al español castellano. Se sabe cómo equivaler el término (a la buena de Dios بمشيئة الله او توكلنا على الله) al español por ser un factor compartido, mejor dicho un aspecto lingüístico común.
 Saber por qué se producen los errores en transferir la información en lugares donde el español es una lengua pura y el árabe es una lengua de múltiples diversidades, debido a cambios históricos en el significado. Por eso se produce que no se cuide en traducir la parte cultural y no se busque el origen de una locución.
 Este tipo de análisis nos resultaría muy beneficioso y nos posibilita evitar cualquier error futurístico por medio de seguir los pasos del análisis contrastivo de los aspectos culturales.
 
 
 Personalmente creemos que la diferencia de la forma en cual la lengua árabe está formada de lo del español y la trasladación del significado entre usar la jerga del dialecto iraquí sería más semejante si la hayamos encontrado un equivalente en la jerga española.

Al- Amṡāl al-‘Arabiyyah wa Dauruhā fī Ta’līm al-Lugah al-Arabiyyah li an-Nāṭiqīna bi Gairihā (Dirāsah Taṭbīqiyyah fi Ḍau’i Kitāb Jamharah al-Amṡāl li al-‘Askarī)

This study evaluated Arabic proverbs and their significance in teaching Arabic to non-Arabic speakers. This research employed a qualitative approach with a type of literature research. The primary data source was drawn from Jamharah al-Amṡāl, which was written by Abu Hilāl al-'Askarī's. The conclusions of this study reveal that Arabic proverbs can be utilized as a tool for the accomplishment of educational goals in society, changing the unfriendly to friendly attitude, and accomplishing particular aims in education. In the context of Learning Arabic, proverbs can be a means of realizing a general and specific purpose for the learner of Arabic due to several characteristics that exist in it: the simplicity of sentences, the precision of expression, the power of ideas, the beauty of tone, and the power of influence. In addition, learning content that comprises Arabic proverbs enables students to develop a literary taste when the content is prepared based on the correct scientific basis.

Arabic Proverbs Used in Gökce Village and Surroundings of Mardin (A Comparative Thematic Study)

Atasözü, ataların, uzun deneme ve gözlemlere dayanan yargılarını genel kural, bilgece düşünce ya da öğüt olarak veren ve kalıplaşmış bir biçimi olan, kamuca benimsenmiş kısa, özlü söz olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinde yer alan ve güzide illerinden biri olan Mardin vilayetindeki Gökçe köyü ve çevresinde kullanılan atasözlerinin, fasih Arapça ve Türkçedekilerle karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde ele alınması hedeflenmiştir. Toplam on sekiz tema ve yetmiş atasözünün ele alındığı çalışmamızda bölge halkının kullanımının yanında atasözlerinin standart Arapçası da verilerek Türkçedeki karşılıkları ile de değerlendirilmiştir. Karşılaştırmalarda atasözlerine erişilemediği durumlarda hem Türkçe hem de Arapçada benzer anlamda kullanılan şiirlere yer verilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra bazı atasözlerinin hikayelerine de yer verilmiştir. Zira bir atasözünün hikayesini bilmenin önemli olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Ayrıca Mardin Gökçe köyü ve çevresinde kullanılan atasözlerini ele almak suretiyle; yaşlı nüfusun vefatıyla yok olma tehlikesi ile yüz yüze kalabilecek olan sözlü kültürü kayıt altına alarak gelecek nesillere aktarmak da bir başka hedeftir. Diğer taraftan bu bölgede konuşulan dilin edebi ve kültürel zenginliğine katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır.