Islamic Arab Research Articles

Organ Donation from People with Disabilities Comparative Study of Islamic Jurisprudence and Arab Laws

This research analyzes Islamic jurisprudence and Arab law regarding the organ donation of people with intellectual disabilities and concludes there are two opinions on the matter. The first is common in Islamic jurisprudence and in Jordanian, Kuwaiti, Libyan, and Algerian laws and states that it is not permissible to transplant any organ, cells, or tissues from a person with intellectual disabilities under any circumstances. This opinion sees the main condition for donation as the competence of the donor, which is based in reason, perception, and discretion; it argues that a person with intellectual disabilities is incapable of making such a donation. This approach penalizes any medical team conducting such transplants. The second opinion is found in UAE, and Egyptian law and states that the transfer of organs is permitted if the donation benefits an immediate family member and if it is confined to renewable cells or the spinal cord and does not harm the donor. This research concludes that the second is a stronger position, since it is in the interest of the family and no harm is caused to the donor as a result.

SEA, COMMUNITY AND LANGUAGE: A STUDY ON THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ARABI- MALAYALAM LANGUAGE OF MAPPILA MUSLIMS OF MALABAR

Mappila Muslim culture is a mixture of Indian and Arabian traditions and its origin can be traced back to pre-Islamic Arabia. There are many references for tracing Mappilas origin into pre Islamic Arabia. It is believed that Arab Merchants travel to Malabar frequently even before Islam emerged in Arabia. Their historical specificity granted them a unique language, culture, religion, and social life. Cultural assimilation was one of the most notable aspect in Mappila history. The marriage of Hindu women to the Arabs historically helped to form a new progeny called Mappila. When Islam was introduced into the Kerala coast, the people who are known as Mappila did not change totally, they did not accept Arabic as their mother tongue and they did not want to give up Malayalam. Instead they invented a new language, Arabi-Malayalam, to community within the community. This new language played an important role in shaping and negotiating Mappila identity. They faced immense crisis of both the identities of Arab and Malayalam. When they faced a crisis to accommodate both into the community and the larger Malabar, Mappila invented a new way to express and share identity. This is Arabi- Malayalam language which was a religious necessity for Mappila. The rich tradition of this community written language reflects a rich history of cultural interactions, as it is a sensitive barometer of social and historical conditions of the Mappila community.

The Effect of Using Tiered Activities Strategy upon the Achievement of History of the Arab Islamic Civilization Subject and Cognitive Motive among Fourth Literary Female Students

The Effect of Using Tiered Activities Strategy upon the Achievement of History of the Arab Islamic Civilization Subject and Cognitive Motive among Fourth Literary Female Students

الهوية الثقافية المُعلنة عبر المنصات الإلكترونية لمؤسسات التعليم العالي: دراسة مقارنة على جامعة الشارقة والجامعة الأمريكية في الإمارات

There is substantial cultural diversity in many societies these days. Consequently, the need for cross-cultural institutions to build and present their ethical values ​​and cultural identity within different systems and societies has grown. Most higher education institutions face the challenge of applying their own cultural identity to the international communities and networks that they interact and collaborate with. Higher education institutions working at the local level also need to emphasize their cultural uniqueness while adhering to international standards, particularly in their interaction with multicultural groups. This study explores and analyzes the values and cultural characteristics expressed by the University of Sharjah and the American University in the Emirates on their official website and social networking sites. Through the use of qualitative content analysis, research findings indicate that University of Sharjah adopts a local cultural approach in expressing its cultural identity based on established Islamic Arab traditions and international standards of academic quality. The American University on the other hand, adopts a global approach in building its cultural identity in order to have a leading position among liberal academic institutions. In addition to supporting values of integrity and equality, it also expresses its adherence to UAE social, cultural, and religious values in an attempt to merge Arab and international cultures.

Defining new technological traditions of Late Islamic Arabia: a view on Bahl\u0101 Ware from al-Ain (UAE) and the lead-barium glaze production

In this paper, the monochrome glazed Bahlā Ware from al-Ain dated between the seventeenth and twentieth centuries (Late Islamic Arabian Period) has been analysed aiming to reconstruct the production technology of the ceramic fabrics and glazes. The results of the petrographic and chemical analyses suggest a unique technological tradition embedded in the culture of Late Islamic Arabia. This tradition incorporates the production of a lead-barium glaze coated over a single type of ceramic fabric that spans for nearly three centuries. Since this is the first evidence for the production of a lead-barium glaze in the Islamic World, the origins of this technology remain uncertain, but the results of the ceramic petrography identify the Omani Peninsula as the most likely source for the ceramic fabric. During the economic peak of al-Ain in the eighteenth century, this tradition shows signs of technological diversity visible in the appearance of new fabrics and glazes. Considering the wide distribution of Bahlā Ware in the Western Indian Ocean, understanding of the production technology and provenance of al-Ain’s ceramics has important implications for archaeological interpretation.

PERAN SOSIAL BANK SYARIAH BERDASARKAN INDEKS MAQASHID SYARIAH (STUDI KASUS DI JORDAN)

This study aims to determine the implementation of Islamic bank social values as they should have been implemented . This study uses the Maqashid Syariah Index with three main social indicators, namely education, justice, and social welfare. The object of this research are three Islamic banks in Jordan (Jordan Islamic Bank, Safwa, and International Islamic Arab Bank). The results showed that all the banks have a low Maqashid Syariah Index for all indicators, which meant that the practice of implementing the social values of Islamic banks in Jordan are not close to what people have expected especially for indicators of justice and social welfare. In the future, Islamic banks need to increase social contributions, especially on indicators of justice and social welfare.

Traducción intercultural. El reflejo de las nociones religiosas de <em>qadar</em> y <em>rizq</em> en la paremiología y fraseología árabes

El objetivo del presente trabajo es indagar la plasmación de las realidades culturales en hechos lingüísticos mediante el estudio de los refranes y expresiones árabes que se refieren explícitamente a los conceptos religiosos de qadar y rizq, dos palabras clave tan arraigadas en la cultura arabo islámica que dan lugar a un abundante caudal paremiológico. La exposición de estas cuestiones se abordará teniendo muy en cuenta la traducción de los referentes culturales y los equivalentes funcionales. Para ello, se ha seguido la siguiente metodología: ejemplo en árabe, traducción funcional al castellano propia de los autores y un análisis-comentario. Los resultados globales logrados en este estudio han respondido a su objetivo principal, que aspiraba a reflejar la existencia de numerosos rituales sociales, a través de la paremiología y fraseología, que los árabes aplican a la hora de afrontar los dis- tintos acontecimientos, que transcurren a lo largo de su vida. Como conclusión, se puede comprobar, una vez más la interdependencia entre la cultura y el lenguaje, haciendo hinca- pié en que una asimilación correcta de los códigos lingüísticos de una determinada socie- dad deberá pasar inexorablemente por la comprensión de los componentes culturales que subyacen a ellos.

Pantheonizing the Jerusalem Haram: from Pan-Islamic to a national Palestinian pantheon

Analyzing the initiative to establish an Islamic–Arab–Palestinian pantheon in the holiest place in Jerusalem against the background of the Arab–Jewish conflict in Palestine, this article discusses the transformation of the Haram pantheon from an all-Islamic burial place to a Palestinian national one in which the Husayni family was given priority. Understanding decision-making regarding who was entitled to be buried in this special place is the main focus of the article. The eight personalities who were buried at the Haram signify different motivations according to the authority in charge of allowing the burial in the Haram, family ties and networks and the political needs of the Arabs of Palestine as well as the Hashemites.

Sudan: African Islam and Arab Islam? Dichotomy of Islam, Islam and Sufism

El analisis del islam en Sudan muestra la gran variedad de aproximaciones al objeto de estudio, la diversidad de sus lecturas y el reiterado recurso a los principios religiosos para justificar o legitimar las cuestiones politicas y de Estado. El islam sudanes, en sus diferentes manifestaciones, ha traspasado las fronteras nacionales y ha contribuido al islam africano, arabe y mundial. Eso desde el siglo XIX cuando surgio un primer proto-estado islamico de la mano de esa figura mesianica que fue Muhammad Ahmad Ibn Abdallah, el Mahdi, hasta el pensador y hombre de Estado Hasan al-Turabi en pleno siglo XX. Analizaremos tres dimensiones: el islam reformista de Mahmud Muhammad Taha, el islamismo sudanes conducido por al-Turabi y el papel del sufismo en la religiosidad popular y en la politica sudanesa, y su reciente confrontacion con las tendencias salafies activas en el pais en lo que parece ser una nueva lucha por el espacio socioreligioso del siglo XXI.

Islamic work ethics for Arab managers: the missing paradigm between espoused Islam and Islam-in-use

This research puts forth a new conceptualisation of espoused Islam and Islam-in-use, the discrepancy between the ideal and the real. Espoused Islam is what Arab managers believe in their stated value. Islam-in-use is their operationalised beliefs that they actually use. Although, there is ample evidence that Arab managers can and do switch mindsets between espoused Islam and Islam-in-use depending on which is cued in context, little is known about these contradicting orientations. The antecedents of these variations are deeply rooted in history, Arab culture ethos and Islam. The interpretive analysis of concepts has been used to understand the missing paradigm between espoused Islam and Islam-in-use, as well as to shed light on some contradicting orientations among them. An examination of this divergence involves rigorous research and further empirical operationalisation. Consequently, this conceptualisation is very valuable to western partners regarding how they should cultivate and express their own values and execute business in the Arab world.

Attitude Towards Extremism and its relations to the family Stresses for male and female students at College of Science and Arts in Al- Rass Province: الاتجاه نحو التطرف وعلاقته بالضغوط الأسرية لدى طلاب وطالبات كلية العلوم والآداب بمحافظة الرس

The aim of the research was to identify the relationship between the trend towards extremism and family pressure among the students of the Faculty of Science and Arts in Al- Rass province and to identify the differences in the direction of extremism and family pressures among the students of the Faculty of Science and Arts, according to the gender variable. The study used the correlative descriptive method. The tool was used to measure out the trend towards extremism and the family pressure, which was applied to a sample of (340) male and female students from the Faculty of Science and Arts in Al- Rass province. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program. The results revealed a statistically significant correlation between the total degree of the trend towards extremism in all its dimensions and the family pressure on the family system in general. There are also statistical differences in family pressures according to gender variable; In favor of female students. There are statistical differences between males and females in the direction of extremism, in the religious dimension and in favor of boys. While there are no gender differences in the rest of the dimensions and at the overall level of measurement. In the light of the results, the researcher presented a set of recommendations and proposals for planting noble values and correct religious guidance; based on tolerance, love and integration between the institutions of education, mosques, university, school, media, social media, and need to deal with the globalization in a clear and logical way, getting use of it. While preserving our Islamic Arab identity, and adhering to our historical cultural .heritage, as suggested by some of the researches raised by the current research

Urban Integration of Historic Centers


 Historic centers are considered one of the tangible forms of civilization in terms of depicting the extensions of the past. They form one of the intensively proposed controversies in the modern field in regard to the possibility of dealing with them, the objectives of development and conserving them as they represent the merge of the old and the new. This is manifested in the merger of contradictions and the changing value resulting from urban interference in order to link the historic centers with other parts of the city through linear streets that penetrate its urban structure and divide its urban texture, causing a common problem for most Islamic Arab historic centers.

Urban Integration of Historic Centers


 Historic centers are considered one of the tangible forms of civilization in terms of depicting the extensions of the past. They form one of the intensively proposed controversies in the modern field in regard to the possibility of dealing with them, the objectives of development and conserving them as they represent the merge of the old and the new. This is manifested in the merger of contradictions and the changing value resulting from urban interference in order to link the historic centers with other parts of the city through linear streets that penetrate its urban structure and divide its urban texture, causing a common problem for most Islamic Arab historic centers.

Exploration Of The Geographical Location Of Waq Waq Islands In The Light of Islamic Arab Geographical Sources (3-7 A.H./ 9-14 A.D.)

The study investigates Waq waq islands and the exploration of their geographical location through reviewing opinions and texts that emerged in the Islamic Arab geographical heritage. They are criticized and analyzed in order to know the location of these islands or the geographical location approximate to them. These islands have attracted the attention of a number of Muslim Arab geographers. The islands are considered one of the geographical signposts which the Arab geographers put beyond the equalizing line and beyond the borders of the world known by them. Hence, the paper aims at examining the challenges that faced the Arab Muslim geographers.

The contributions of Shaqoura flags in the scientific life until the end of the Islamic Arab state in Andalusia in the year (897 AH / 1492 AD)

The contributions of Shaqoura flags in the scientific life until the end of the Islamic Arab state in Andalusia in the year (897 AH / 1492 AD)

Altarabische Dichtung über Dattelpalmen aus dem Kitāb al-Fuṣūṣ („Buch der Ringsteine“) des Ṣāʿid al-Baġdādī (ca. 335–417/945–1026)

Abstract The present paper presents a hitherto unstudied collection of twenty-six early Arabic poems (sixth to eighth centuries) on date palms. The poems are preserved in the Kitāb al-Fuṣūṣ (“Book of Gemstones”) of Ṣāʿid al-Baġdādī (ca. 335–417/945–1026), an Iraqi philologist and littérateur who made a career as a court poet in Muslim Spain. Despite its importance as a crop, the date palm was a topic very rarely raised in Abbasid poetry. As this unique collection shows, however, poems praising the date palm were more common in earlier times. The poems examined here express the benefits of date palm farming by contrasting the supposed ease and safety of agriculturists to the difficulties and risks faced by camel breeders. The repeated comparison of palm trees with camels conveys the tension between the sedentary and the nomadic lifestyles, as they co-existed in pre-Islamic and early Islamic Arabia.

FOREGROUNDING THE IMAGE OF ISLAMIC ARAB NATIONAL IDENTITY

This research is set to foreground the historical legacy of the Muslim Ummah identity in general and the Arab identity in particular. The paper begins with the history and origin of the Arabs. It focuses on the image of Islamic Arab identity in the present time using scholars. The following questions could be used as a guideline to foreground the reality of the Islamic Arab National Identity: What issues are contested in a Muslim nation generally and the Arab nation particularly? Who are the central participants in these Arab societies and how are their needs addressed? How has the Arab identity gone through various transformations and how has colonial experience affected the Arab world? How does the political identity affect the Arab ethnic identity?

GENEAOLOGI KALENDER ISLAM JAWA MENURUT RONGGO WARSITO: Sebuah Komentar atas Sejarah Kalender dalam Serat Widya Pradhana

Historians present the origin of the Javanese Islamic calendar by associating it with Sultan Agung. Ronggowarsito presented the history of Javanese-Islamic Calendar in different ways. In Widya Pradhana’s fiber, he did not mention the name of the Great Sultan in relation to the Javanese Calendar.Ronggowarsito actually associated the Islamic Calendar of Java with Sunan Giri II who lived long before the Sultan Agung. In addition, Ronggowarsito also wanted to explain the continuity of Islamic Arab calendar with the Islamic calendar of Java.

Arab sport between Islamic fundamentalism and Arab Spring

The notion of fundamentalism appeared in the history of the Arabic-Islamic region in different areas of Arab countries, but this was evident in the twentieth century when Islamic fundamentalism strongly embraced the ideas of nationalism, socialism and pan-Arabism of many Arab countries, exerting pressure on institutional–cultural systems not only of those Arab governments, but also the Islamic ones. The negative implications of this movement manifested in what is called the ‘Arab Spring’, which destroyed the infrastructure of some Arab countries. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief historical review of Islam, exploring the impact of Islamic fundamentalism beyond the Arab Spring on Arab sports using evidence from the Pan-Arab Games and Olympic Games.

Impact of Electronic Service Quality on Customers Satisfaction of Islamic Banks in Jordan

The study aimed to study impact of Electronic Service Quality on Customers Satisfaction of Islamic Banks in Jordan. The Electronic Service Quality represented by (Reliability, Ease of use, Effectiveness, Web Site Design, privacy, and Responsiveness). The population of the study consisted customers of Islamic banks in the North territory of Jordan (Jordanian Islamic Bank, International Arab Islamic Bank), a random sample was taken amounted (300) participants, SPSS was used to examine the study hypotheses and achieve its objectives. The researcher found that there is statistical significant impact of the Electronic Service Quality (Ease of use, Web Site Design, privacy, and Responsiveness) on Customers Satisfaction of Islamic Banks in Jordan. Regarding the dimensions of reliability and effectiveness, the study indicates that they had insignificant impact on Customers Satisfaction. The researcher recommended the use of specialists in the field of electronic sites design in particular, because the site attractiveness needs experience sufficient experience in this area to support its attractiveness for customers, and to benefit from the experiences of the developed countries in the field of software technology control and protection of customer information, in order to strengthen current Software application to those banks.