Calcium Chloride Aqueous Solution Research Articles

Effects of oil on gelcasting of oil-in-water Si3N4 suspensions

Porous Si3N4 ceramics were fabricated through gelcasting followed by pressureless sinter at 1690 °C. Oil-in-water (O/W) Si3N4 suspensions were prepared by mixing paraffin O/W emulsion and Si3N4 suspensions, sodium alginate was used as gelling agent. The casted suspensions were quickly gelled by spraying calcium chloride aqueous solution onto the surface, thus oil was enwrapped into the green bodies. The porous Si3N4 ceramics had spherical-shaped pores both with and without adding O/W emulsion. As changing the O/W emulsion content in the suspension, porous Si3N4 ceramics with high open porosity of 60.1–63.9% and flexural strength of 44.5–34.6 MPa were obtained.

Hydrophilic drug encapsulation in shell-core microcarriers by two stage polyelectrolyte complexation method

In this study a protocol exploiting the combination of the ultrasonic atomization and the complexation between polyelectrolytes was developed to efficiently encapsulate a hydrophilic chemotherapeutic agent essentially used in the treatment of colon cancer, 5-fluorouracil, in enteric shell-core alginate-based microcarriers. The atomization assisted by ultrasound allowed to obtain small droplets by supplying low energy and avoiding drug degradation. In particular microcarriers were produced in a home-made apparatus where both the core (composed of alginate, drug, and Pluronic F127) and shell (composed of only alginate) feed were separately sent to the coaxial ultrasonic atomizer where they were nebulized and placed in contact with the complexation bulk. With the aim to obtain microstructured particles of alginate encapsulating 5-fluorouracil, different formulations of the first complexation bulk were tested; at last an emulsion made of a calcium chloride aqueous solution and dichloromethane allowed to reach an encapsulation efficiency of about 50%. This result can be considered very interesting considering that in literature similar techniques gave 5-fluorouracil encapsulation efficiencies of about 10%.Since a single complexation stage was not able to assure microcarriers gastroresistance, the formulation of a second complexation bulk was evaluated. The solution of cationic and pH-insoluble Eudragit® RS 100 in dichloromethane was chosen as bulk of second-stage complexation obtaining good enteric properties of shell-core microcarriers, i.e. a 5-FU cumulative release at pH 1 (simulating gastric pH) lower than 35%. The formation of interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) between countercharged polymers and the chemical stability of 5-FU in microcarriers were confirmed by FTIR analysis, the presence of an amorphous dispersion of 5-FU in prepared microparticles was also confirmed by DSC. Finally, shell-core enteric coated microcarriers encapsulating 5-fluorouracil were used to prepare tablets, which can be potentially used as oral administration dosage systems for their 5-fluorouracil slower release.

Titanium perovskite (CaTiO3) formation in Ti6Al4V alloy using the electrical discharge machining process for biomedical applications

Abstract The use of the energy generated in machining processes by electrical discharge (EDM) to enrich metal surfaces with nitrogen is already well known, and following on from this research focus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of enrichment through this process, for the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy with titanium perovskite. The resulting surface shows high biocompatibility with human bone and teeth and becomes essential as a biomedical material. Tests were performed using a sink EDM process and as a dielectric fluid, an aqueous solution of calcium chloride was used. The samples characterizations were made using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy and Knoop microhardness. The results showed the formation of an uneven surface enriched with calcium, in the form of titanium perovskite. On the lateral section of the sample one notes the formation of a porous layer. Beneath this, a uniform hardened layer was formed, extending to a depth of approximately 200 μm below the surface. Calcium insertion into the Ti6Al4V surface was attributed to the occurrence of re-solidification and ion implantation. It can be concluded that it is feasible to enrich, by EDM, the surface of a Ti6Al4V alloy with titanium perovskite.

Optimized atomistic force fields for aqueous solutions of Magnesium and Calcium Chloride: Analysis, achievements and limitations

Molecular simulations are an important tool in the study of aqueous salt solutions. To predict the physical properties accurately and reliably, the molecular models must be tailored to reproduce experimental data. In this work, a combination of recent global and local optimization tools is used to derive force fields for MgCl2 (aq) and CaCl2 (aq). The molecular models for the ions are based on a Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential with a superimposed point charge. The LJ parameters are adjusted to reproduce the bulk density and shear viscosity of the different solutions at 1 bar and temperatures of 293.15, 303.15, and 318.15 K. It is shown that the σ-value of chloride consistently has the strongest influence on the system properties. The optimized force field for MgCl2 (aq) provides both properties in good agreement with the experimental data over a wide range of salt concentrations. For CaCl2 (aq), a compromise was made between the bulk density and shear viscosity, since reproducing the two properties requires two different choices of the LJ parameters. This is demonstrated by studying metamodels of the simulated data, which are generated to visualize the correlation between the parameters and observables by using projection plots. Consequently, in order to derive a transferable force field, an error of ∼3% on the bulk density has to be tolerated to yield the shear viscosity in satisfactory agreement with experimental data.

Governing Principles of Alginate Microparticle Synthesis with Centrifugal Forces.

A controlled synthesis of polymeric particles is becoming increasingly important because of emerging applications ranging from medical diagnostics to self-assembly. Centrifugal synthesis of hydrogel microparticles is a promising method, combining rapid particle synthesis and the ease of manufacturing with readily available laboratory equipment. This method utilizes centrifugal forces to extrude an aqueous polymer solution, sodium alginate (NaALG) through a nozzle. The extruded solution forms droplets that quickly cross-link upon contact with aqueous calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution to form hydrogel particles. The size distribution of hydrogel particles is dictated by the pinch-off behavior of the extruded solution through a balance of inertial, viscous, and surface tension stresses. We identify the parameters dictating the particle size and provide a numerical correlation predicting the average particle size. Furthermore, we create a phase map identifying different pinch-off regimes (dripping without satellites, dripping with satellites, and jetting), explaining the corresponding particle size distributions, and present scaling arguments predicting the transition between regimes. By shedding light on the underlying physics, this study enables the rational design and operation of particle synthesis by centrifugal forces.

Flexible Asymmetric Encapsulation for Dehydration-Responsive Hybrid Microfibers.

A new class of smart alginate microfibers with asymmetric oil encapsulates is introduced. These fibers are produced by injecting an aqueous alginate solution into an outer aqueous calcium chloride solution to form alginate fibers, which are asymmetrically loaded with oil entities through eccentrically aligned inner capillaries. The fiber morphology and its degree of asymmetry can be tuned via altering the size, location, and frequency of the oil encapsulates. These asymmetric fibers reveal significant potential for applications where conventional symmetric fibers fail to perform. It is shown how asymmetric oil-encapsulated fibers can become dehydration-sensitive, and trigger the release of encapsulates if their hydration level drops below a critical value. It is also shown how the triggered response could be switched off on demand by stabilizing the oil encapsulates. The capability of asymmetric fibers to carry and release multiple cargos in parallel is demonstrated. The fibers loaded with equal-sized spheres are more asymmetric than those containing unequal drops, have a higher tensile strength, and show better potential for a triggered response.

The fabrication technique for hollow gel microparticles using microbubble templates

Hollow gel microparticles with shells composed of functional polymer gels are expected to be useful in the production of food additives or anti-reflective films for liquid crystal displays. However, few studies have addressed methods for the simple and efficient production of hollow gel microparticles. Hollow gel microparticles would be expected to find widespread applications if they could be fabricated more easily. In this study, we succeeded in fabricating hollow gel microparticles simply by atomizing a gas-supersaturated aqueous sodium alginate solution into aqueous calcium chloride solution. The gas-supersaturated aqueous sodium alginate solution was prepared by gas pressurization; following a rapid pressure decrease, the excess dissolved gas appeared as microbubbles in the atomized droplets. When the atomized droplets, with encapsulated microbubbles, came into contact with the aqueous calcium chloride solution, the droplets were converted to a gel by ionic crosslinking between sodium alginate and calcium ions, and any remaining bubbles were trapped inside the droplets. With this method, we can fabricate calcium alginate hollow gel microparticles of less than 100 μm with multi-voids. Furthermore, these hollow structures can be controlled by changing the compression pressure, which changes the amount of dissolved gas in the liquid.

The Respective Roles of Metal Salts in The Dissolution Process of Poly(1-oxotrimethylene) in Their Aqueous Solutions

The respective roles of the aqueous solutions of zinc chloride (ZnCl2), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and lithium chloride (LiCl) in the dissolution process of poly(1-oxotrimethylene) (ECO) were investigated. The ECO was soluble only in the ZnCl2-based aqueous solutions. The ZnCl2 aqueous solutions dissolved ECO when the metal salt content exceeded 65 wt%, following a mechanism analogous to Lewis acid/base reaction. In the case of the aqueous solution of 70 wt% ZnCl2, the ECO solubility was limited to 6 wt% because of heterogeneity of the resultant solution. However, an addition of CaCl2 (10 wt%) or LiCl (10 wt%) to the ZnCl2 aqueous solution widened the soluble range of ECO up to 8 wt%. The Cole-Cole plot exhibited that CaCl2 improved homogeneity of the solution but LiCl reduced it. In addition, the addition of both LiCl and CaCl2 decreased the dynamic viscosity of the ECO solutions, which was more noticeable with LiCl.

Analysis of the Effect of the CaCl2 Mass Fraction on the Efficiency of a Heat Pump Integrated Heat-Source Tower Using an Artificial Neural Network Model

An existing idle cooling tower can be reversibly used as a heat-source tower (HST) to drive a heat pump (HP) in cold seasons, with calcium chloride (CaCl2) aqueous solution commonly selected as the secondary working fluid in an indirect system due to its good thermo-physical properties. This study analyzed the effect of CaCl2 mass fraction on the effectiveness (ε) of a closed HST and the coefficient of performance (COP) of a HP heating system using an artificial neural network (ANN) technique. CaCl2 aqueous solutions with five different mass fractions, viz. 3%, 9%, 15%, 21%, and 27%, were chosen as the secondary working fluids for the HSTHP heating system. In order to collect enough measured data, extensive field tests were conducted on an experimental test rig in Changsha, China which experiences hot summer and cold winter weather. After back-propagation (BP) training, the three-layer (4-9-2) ANN model with a tangent sigmoid transfer function at the hidden layer and a linear transfer function at the output layer was developed for predicting the tower effectiveness and the COP of the HP under different inlet air dry-/wet-bulb temperatures, hot water inlet temperatures and CaCl2 mass fractions. The correlation coefficient (R), mean relative error (MRE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) were adopted to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the ANN model. The results showed that the R, MRE, and RMSE between the training values and the experimental values of ε (COP) were 0.995 (0.996), 2.09% (1.89%), and 0.005 (0.060), respectively, which indicated that the ANN model was reliable and robust in predicting the performance of the HP. The findings of this paper indicated that in order to guarantee normal operation of the system, the freezing point temperature of the CaCl2 aqueous solution should be sufficiently (3–5 K) below its lowest operating temperature or lower than the normal operating temperature by about 10 K. The tower effectiveness increased with increasing CaCl2 mass fraction from 0 to 27%, while the COP of the HP decreased. A tradeoff between the tower effectiveness and the COP of the HP should be considered to further determine the suitable mass fraction of CaCl2 aqueous solution for the HSTHP heating system. The outputs of this study are expected to provide guidelines for selecting brine with an appropriate mass fraction for a closed HSTHP heating system for actual applications, which would be a reasonable solution to improve the system performance.

Influence of Post Harvest Calcium Chloride Treatment and Shrink Film Packaging on Storage Life of Pear Fruits

To enhance the storage life of pear cv. ‘Punjab Beauty ’, fruits were dipped in aqueous solution of calcium chloride (1.5 and 2.5%) for 5 min., packed in corrugated fibre board (CFB) boxes or shrinkfilm trays and stored at 0–1°C with 90–95% RH for 67 days. Untreated fruits were dipped in fresh water only and kept in CFB boxes. The weight loss was appreciably reduced in CaCl2 treated + shrink wrapped fruits. CaCl2 treatment @ 1.5% and shrink film tray packaging proved effective in maintaining the firmness and acid content of fruits. Maximum sensory quality of fruits was recorded after 45 days in fruits treated with CaCl2 @ 2.5% + CFB packing. Soluble solids content in fruit juice was highest after 60 day of storage in all the treatments. Combination of shrink film tray packaging + CaCl2 @ 1.5% treatment was effective in minimizing the physiological loss in weight of fruits and maintaining the fruit quality for 60 days under storage.

Interaction between Bisphosphonates and Mineral Water: Study of Oral Risedronate Absorption in Rats.

Bisphosphonates are antiosteoporotic agents prescribed for patients with osteoporosis. Drug package inserts for bisphosphonate supplements indicate that their bioavailability is reduced by high levels of metal cations (Ca(2+), Mg(2+), etc.). However, standards for these cations in water used for taking risedronate have not been defined. Here, we examined the effect of calcium and magnesium in mineral waters on the bioavailability of the third-generation bisphosphonate, risedronate, following oral administration in rats. As risedronate is unchanged and eliminated renally, risedronate absorption was estimated from the amount excreted in the urine. Risedronate was dissolved in mineral water samples and administered orally at 0.35 mg/kg. Urine samples were collected for 24 h after dosing. Risedronate was extracted from urine using ion-pair solid-phase cartridges and quantified by HPLC with UV detection (262 nm). Cumulative recovery of risedronate was calculated from the amount excreted in the urine. The 24-h recovery of risedronate from evian® (0.32±0.02% [mean±standard deviation (S.D.)], n=4) and Contrex(®) (0.22±0.05%) mineral waters was significantly lower than that from tap water (0.47±0.04%, p<0.01). Absorption of risedronate in calcium chloride and magnesium chloride aqueous solutions of the same hardness (822 mg/L) was 54% (0.27±0.04%) and 12% (0.51±0.08%) lower, respectively, compared with ultrapure water; suggesting that absorption of risedronate declines as the calcium concentration of mineral waters increases. Consumption of mineral waters containing high levels of calcium (80 mg/L or above), such as evian® and Contrex(®), is therefore not recommended when taking risedronate.

Preparation of chitosan-HAp composite fiber for artificial ligament

Event Abstract Back to Event Preparation of chitosan-HAp composite fiber for artificial ligament Takuma Okada1, Toshiki Miyazaki1*, Yuta Nobunaga2*, Toshiisa Konishi2*, Tomohiko Yoshioka2*, Satoshi Hayakawa2* and Yuki Shirosaki3* 1 Kyushu Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Life Science and System Engineering, Japan 2 Okayama University, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Japan 3 Kyushu Institute of Technology, Frontier Research Academy for Young Researchers, Japan Introduction: Although autograft is clinically used for reconstructive surgery of anterior cruciate ligament, it has still some problems. For example, it is necessary to extract the ligament tissue from other healthy part of patient’s body[1][2]. This problem can be solved by using artificial ligament. For this purpose, we focus on chitosan and hydroxyapatite (HAp) composite fiber. Chitosan is biodegradable polymer and HAp is fundamental inorganic component for exhibiting bone-bonding ability. Therefore we expect that the composite fiber can bond to bone and play a role as a scaffold for ligament tissue regeneration. Tamura et al., reported that the chitosan-HAp fiber can be prepared by coagulation system using calcium chloride solution[3]. This method is suitable for biomaterial fabrication because of synthesis with low toxicity materials. However, the obtained fiber did not have sufficient mechanical strength for artificial ligament, since excessive calcium ion decreased crystallinity of chitosan. In this study, we attempted sodium hydroxide treatment of the chitosan fiber containing phosphate ion to form HAp on the fiber and remove the excessive calcium ion and acetic acid. Materials and Methods: Chitosan solution was prepared by dissolving 10.5 g of chitosan powder and the appropriate amount of sodium dihydrogen phosphate in 30 mL of 0.1 M acetic acid solution. The solution was pumped into coagulation bath from nozzle with hole 0.5 mm in diameter. Coagulation bath was prepared mixing the saturated calcium chloride aqueous solution and ethanol. The wet fiber was soaked in ethanol for 5 min, and subsequently soaked in 0.2 M sodium hydroxide solution for 30 min to remove the excessive calcium ion and acetic acid. The fiber was then stretched by two rollers at speed ratio of 2:3. Finally, the fiber was dried at room temperature. The structure of the fiber was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Tensile strength of the fiber was measured by Creep meter. The fiber was soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 3 days to examine apatite growth. Results and Discussion: Although HAp formation on the fiber was not confirmed just after the coagulation by XRD, HAp was formed after the subsequent sodium hydroxide treatment. Assemble of HAp nanoparticle was observed on the surface of the fiber by SEM. In addition, crystallinity of the chitosan was improved by the treatment. After soaking in SBF, intensity assigned to HAp in XRD pattern was increased. Tensile strength of the fiber showed tendency to increase with increase in crystallinity of the chitosan. It is assumed that calcium phosphate in the fiber transforms to HAp and excessive calcium ion chelated with carbonyl group of chitosan is removed by sodium hydroxide treatment. Therefore a lot of hydrogen bond is constructed between amino group and carbonyl group of chitosan. Consequently crystallinity and tensile strength are improved. Conclusion: Chitosan-HAp composite fiber was obtained by coagulation method. Sodium hydroxide treatment after the coagulation was effective for enhancement of not only HAp precipitation but also mechanical property. It is expected that the obtained fiber is suitable for artificial ligament.

Solvation of Basic and Neutral Amino Acids in Aqueous Electrolytic Solutions: Measurements and Modeling

The molal solubilities, density, and refractive index of the basic amino acid (l-lysine) and the neutral amino acid (l-cysteine) in aqueous solutions of potassium iodide (KI), sodium bromide (NaBr), sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), and calcium chloride (CaCl2) at 298.15 K were determined experimentally. From the values of the measured refractive indices, molal solubilities, and the densities, the excess refractive indices, the molar refractions, the polarizabilities, and the apparent molar volumes of the systems under study were calculated and discussed. The solvation of the amino acids under study was discussed in terms of their molal solubilities, apparent molar volume, and refractive index data. The phase diagrams of the studied tricomponent systems (water–salt–amino acid) were also determined and discussed. The solubility of l-cysteine and l-lysine were discussed in terms of the nature of the electrolytic salts under study. The effect of the electrolytic solutions under study on the so...

Leaching of lead from zinc leach residue in acidic calcium chloride aqueous solution

A process with potentially reduced environmental impacts and occupational hazards of lead-bearing zinc plant residue was studied to achieve a higher recovery of lead via a cost-effective and environmentally friendly process. This paper describes an optimization study on the leaching of lead from zinc leach residue using acidic calcium chloride aqueous solution. Six main process conditions, i.e., the solution pH value, stirring rate, concentration of CaCl2 aqueous solution, liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratio, leaching temperature, and leaching time, were investigated. The microstructure and components of the residue and tailing were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). On the basis of experimental results, the optimum reaction conditions were determined to be a solution pH value of 1, a stirring rate of 500 r·min−1, a CaCl2 aqueous solution concentration of 400 g·L−1, a liquid-to-solid mass ratio of 7:1, a leaching temperature of 80°C, and a leaching time of 45 min. The leaching rate of lead under these conditions reached 93.79%, with an iron dissolution rate of 19.28%. Silica did not take part in the chemical reaction during the leaching process and was accumulated in the residue.

SIMULATION OF THE CALCIUM CHLORIDE AQUEOUS SALT SOLUTION SPRAY REGENERATION PROCESS

The present work is a simulation of spray regeneration of liquid desiccant aqueous solution using three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic software (CFX-10). This simulation involved the spray evaporation of calcium chloride aqueous salt solution, as a liquid desiccant, into hot moist air. Liquid desiccants have a unique mass transfer direction that depends on the value of the liquid desiccant vapor pressure to air vapor pressure. Therefore, a FORTRAN subroutine was designed and added to the CFX software, which dealt with the rate of mass transfer between the desiccant liquid and the hot moist air. Additionally, the effect of the spray evaporation parameters was investigated. To validate the numerical CFX work, an experimental test rig was designed and built, and a few experimental results were obtained. It was found that the values of the injected droplet diameter size, spray angle, hot air temperature, and spray injection speed had an important role in the liquid desiccant regeneration process. Finally, the CFX software with an additional subroutine succeeded in simulating the spray evaporation of calcium chloride aqueous salt solution.

A New and Original Method to Produce Ca(OH)&amp;lt;SUB&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/SUB&amp;gt; Nanoparticles by Using an Anion Exchange Resin

Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles in hydro-alcoholic dispersion (nanolime) were successfully employed in Cultural Heritage conservation, thanks to the ability to overcome the limiting aspects of traditional lime treatments. Nanolime were currently produced by chemical precipitation process, at high temperature, with long times of synthesis, and after several purification steps to remove undesired secondary phases. In this paper, an innovative, simple and original method for nanolime production was described. The method was based on an ion exchange process between an anionic resin and a calcium chloride aqueous solution, operating at room temperature. A pure Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles suspension can be rapidly obtained after separating the resin from suspension, and any purification step was necessary. The exhausted resins can be regenerated and reused for a cyclic nanolime production. Structural and morphological features of the produced nanolime were preliminarily characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, XRD measurements allowed estimating nanoparticles reactivity by following their carbonatation process in air, in relation to different water/alcohol ratios and medium or high relative humidity conditions. The produced Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles appeared hexagonally plated, with dimension less than 100 nm and, compared with those obtained by typical wet precipitation method, they proved to be more reactive.

エネルギー分散型X線回折法による高温高圧下における塩化カルシウム水溶液の構造

エネルギー分散型X線回折法による高温高圧下における塩化カルシウム水溶液の構造

Calcium Oxalate Crystal Yield in Various Gravity Environments

Abstract An experimental chamber and hand-manipulated syringe apparatus were designed, tested, and utilized to assess calcium oxalate crystal yield in Terrestrial-g (1 g), micro-g (0.01 g), Lunar-g (0.16 g), and Martian-g (0.38 g). Aqueous solutions of calcium chloride (100 mM) and oxalic acid (200 mM) were mixed to precipitate calcium oxalate crystals. Gravitational differences were hypothesized to result in differences in the yield of crystal formation. These data are essential for efforts to better understand the correlation between calcium oxalate crystal formation and the production of kidney stones often associated with long-term space missions. The analyses of crystal formation produced in the micro-g (≅0.01 g) conditions of this study suggest that calcium oxalate monohydrate formation yield is slightly greater than those produced in Terrestrial-g conditions.

Hydrate Dissociation Condition Measurement of CO2-Rich Mixed Gas in the Presence of Methanol/Ethylene Glycol and Mixed Methanol/Ethylene Glycol + Electrolyte Aqueous Solution

In this work, the hydrate dissociation condition for carbon dioxide rich gas mixture in the presence of methanol, methanol + sodium chloride or calcium chloride, and ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol + sodium chloride or calcium chloride aqueous solution, were measured and reported. The measurements are carried out at temperature and pressure range of (263.85 to 284.75) K and (2.76 to 12.08) MPa. All data were measured using the isochoric pressure search method. In order to exhibit the inhibition effect of above-mentioned aqueous solution, a comparison was made between experimental data of carbon dioxide rich gas mixture in the presence of pure water and aqueous solutions consist of inhibitor and electrolytes. Furthermore, a thermodynamic model was used to correlate the experimental values.

Calcium Cl/OH-apatite, Cl/OH-apatite/Al2O3 and Ca3(PO4)2 fibre nonwovens: Potential ceramic components for osteosynthesis

Polycrystalline calcium phosphate ((Cl/OH)Ap = Ca5(PO4)3(OH/Cl); TCP = Ca3(PO4)2) fibres were prepared from aqueous solutions of calcium chloride and phosphoric acid using poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as spinning aid. Generation of nonwoven materials was accomplished via rotary jet spinning. Polycrystalline (Cl/OH)Ap fibres 10–25 μm in diameter were obtained with 37% ceramic yield by pyrolysis of the green fibres followed by sintering at 1150 °C in air. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis provided evidence for apatite formation starting at 650 °C while (Cl/OH)Ap ceramic fibres were obtained at 1100 °C via transformation through intermediate dicalcium dichloride hydrogen phosphate (Ca2Cl2(HPO4)) and calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7) phases. A glass-forming Al-based additive was applied to enhance the mechanical properties of the Cl/OH)Ap ceramic fibres and indeed resulted in the formation of (Cl/OH)Ap/Al2O3 fibres with improved mechanical stability. Finally, TCP, (Cl/OH)Ap and (Cl/OH)Ap/Al2O3 fibres were subjected to seeding with mesenchymal stem cells. Negligible cytotoxicity is observed.