Aquaculture In Countries Research Articles

Implementation of regional protectionism in aquaculture in foreign countries

Some indicators that determine the trends in the aquaculture development in the world, such as the number of employed and the volume of aquaculture production by continent have been considered as well as a forecast for the development of the industry in comparison with industrial fisheries and an analysis of the volume and growth rate of aquaculture production in some foreign countries have been given. The essence of regional protectionism in aquaculture has been revealed, its relationship with government programs and strategies for the aquaculture development in the country has been determined, the development and implementation of which are based on the formation of strategic competitive advantages in the global market and ensuring national food security. An analysis of the level of food security by the countries of the world allowed the authors to identify some foreign countries from different regions of the world with various forms of government and to characterize the implementation of regional protectionism in aquaculture in these countries. As a result of evaluating the implementation of regional protectionism in some foreign countries, the authors concluded that the volume of aquaculture production is directly dependent on the effectiveness of protectionism measures in the regions (provinces, states and other domestic territorial entities). In addition, the efforts made by Central authorities to support and develop aquaculture in the country, expressed in the development and active implementation of state programs and strategies, delegation of authority to the regional level, as well as support for the development of informal industry institutions, are a significant factor not only in ensuring food security of the state, but also in increasing the effectiveness of regional protectionism measures in aquaculture.

Ecological niche models predict the potential distribution of the exotic rotifer Kellicottia bostoniensis (Rousselet, 1908) across the globe

The invasion of non-native species is one of the major factors influencing the loss of biodiversity. The rotifer Kellicottia bostoniensis, which is native to North America, has been registered in several other countries and on other continents. We investigated the main climatic-environmental variables suitable for the potential distribution of K. bostoniensis and, hence, the areas of non-native regions where it could spread. We used different statistical niche models within an ensemble forecasting approach to estimate environmental suitability and the potential global distribution area of K. bostoniensis. Precipitation in the driest month and temperature in the coldest month were the most important variables in predicting the distribution of the species. Our predictions indicated that countries with high invasive potential included Argentina and Brazil (South America), Croatia, France, and Germany (Europe). The results also revealed that many areas with high invasive potential, such as East Asia, have no recorded occurrences yet. Our study provides important information for implement management measures to deal with the problems of the spread of K. bostoniensis through ballast water and aquaculture in countries and regions highly susceptible to invasion (mainly areas that the species has not yet reached), thus providing useful information for decision making.

Nutritional requirements and use of macroalgae as ingredients in abalone feed

AbstractTemperate abalone species in aquaculture have a grow‐out period of approximately 3 years because of their slow and heterogeneous growth rate. Abalone aquaculture is still a developing industry, and at least two major issues, nutrition and health, impede its development. Abalone are fed macroalgae on‐farm in a number of countries, includingChina,Korea,SouthAfrica andChile. Formulated diets are crucial to the success of abalone aquaculture in countries where abalone do not grow readily when fed brown macroalgae or when access to macroalgae is insufficient for culture. Typically, the growth rate of abalone fed formulated diets is higher than abalone fed live macroalgae. However, due to a long production period, diets for abalone not only need to sustain high growth rates, but also maintain optimal health. Feeding live macroalgae improves the feeding activity, health and marketability of abalone. In this review, the nutritional requirements of abalone and dietary ingredients used in formulated diets will be discussed, together with the use of dried macroalgal meal as a dietary ingredient in formulated diets to improve the feeding activity, health and marketability of abalone in commercial production.

A successful rearing experiment with amago salmon ( Oncorhynchus masou rhodurus) in floating cages in the Adriatic Sea

In a rearing experiment on production on fish for consumption, 10 000 amago salmon ( Oncorhynchus masou rhodurus) eggs were imported to Yugoslavia from Japan. Incubation of eyed eggs and early rearing of fry up to smoltification followed the standard methods adopted for rainbow trout and coho salmon culture in Yugoslavia. Smolts of 40–60 g, obtained after a 10-month rearing period, were transferred to floating cages in brackish-sea water on the Adriatic coast. After another 7 months the fish had reached an average weight of 458 g, and an attractive coloration of silver with red spots. Taste and chemical composition of the meat matched that of cultured rainbow trout. Marked differences in body weight between male and female salmon emphasize the desirability of development of an all-female stock for cage culture. Fish left in cages during the summer showed no mortality although water temperatures as high as 26°C were observed. Due to the successful rearing of fry and acclimatization of smolts to cage culture in brackish-sea water, amago salmon appear to be very promising for commercial aquaculture in countries outside Japan.