Approval Authority Research Articles

Certification of lighting equipment

For users certification by a national licensing authority gives assurance that equipment complies with national or international specifications. For manufacturers certification also indicates that factory procedures are adequate to provide a consistent product. Until recently many countries have relied on type approval based on samples submitted by manufacturers, but certification requires evidence that the whole production will be satisfactory. Certification also requires routine tests to be applied to production and manufacturers' quality control procedures and records are subjected to surveillance by the national licensing authority. It has been proposed that manufacturers' test facilities be supervised by the licensing authority for type approval, to ease the load on the authority's own facilities.

Irving Air Chute—Brake Parachute Installation

THE general lines for the design of brake parachute installations for British aircraft are laid down in Ministry of Technology Publication Av.P.970 Chapter 738. These lay down the basic rules for the parachute and installation with reference to the likely maximum streaming speeds and, therefore, loadings together with the necessary safety factors involved. The necessary streaming speeds themselves arc, of course, related directly to stalling and threshold approach speeds etc. in the particular aircraft conditions concerned. The relevant passages in the publication also refer to methods of test and what must be done by the parachute designer and the aircraft designer to satisfy the approval authority that the system is satisfactory.

In defense of military psychology; a reply to Robert Tyson.

Official Navy regulations are cited to establish the point that naval personnel are free to publish articles without submitting them to higher authority for approval. The author then discusses the question of direction of the work of psychologists, suggesting that the problem of sponsorship in military fields is essentially not unlike that in any other field where the sponsor is not a professional psychologist. Finally, the importance of psychological programs within the armed forces is stressed on the basis that, whereas consultation and advisory services are valuable for developing and testing ideas and suggestions, they leave essentially untouched the detailed problems of executing programs beyond the idea stage. (See also 21: 2558.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)