Appropriation Of New Technologies Research Articles

YouTube Itak: a description of Ainu-related videos

The Ainu are an Indigenous group currently living primarily in Japan. Following the cultural revitalisation of laws and social movements and the appropriation of new technologies, Ainu communities are increasingly using social media to disseminate their culture. However, research on the Ainu people has rarely discussed their communication strategies in current media. In this study, a total of 428 Ainu-related videos uploaded on YouTube were analysed. Basic information about the videos was obtained through the YouTube application programming interface and additional information was acquired by watching them. The videos were categorised into three groups: those produced only by Ainu people, with Ainu people, or without Ainu collaborators. Statistical and qualitative differences between release and upload dates, keywords, categories, conceptualisers, producers, presenters, YouTube metrics, tags, and video descriptions were used to uncover the different types of content created and/or endorsed by Ainu people and the communication strategies used by them and their allies. The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods based on Indigenous communication approaches adopted in this study proved to be useful in understanding Indigenous media in online contexts.

Support Strategy for the Social Appropriation of New Technologies in Gulupa-producing Communities in Colombia

En este artículo se presenta una propuesta de estrategia de acompañamiento para la apropiación social de nuevas tecnologías en comunidades agrícolas. Estrategia que surge y se desarrolla en el enfoque de procesos lineales, en los cuales los actores tradicionales (academia, Estado, empresa) crean una tecnología para solucionar un problema y luego transferirla a los usuarios. La estrategia se basa en los conceptos de práctica social, apropiación social de la ciencia y la tecnología débil (ASCyTD) y apropiación social de la ciencia y la tecnología fuerte (ASCyTF), y se ilustra con un ejemplo sobre cómo podría ser aplicada en la apropiación de una tecnología para determinar tres estados de maduración de la fruta gulupa (Passifloras edulis Sims). Para obtener la información requerida en el ejemplo, sobre los saberes tradicionales, los conocimientos científicos y las posibles tecnologías que guían las acciones humanas en la práctica agrícola de cosechar las gulupas que hacen parte de la cultura de los agentes receptores de la tecnología citada, se entrevistaron 52 campesinos y campesinas en algunos municipios de Cundinamarca, Colombia. Las entrevistas mostraron, entre otras cosas, que a pesar de que el 83 % está a favor del uso de las tecnologías en la práctica de cosechar, la tarea sigue siendo guiada por el “tanteo” (dureza, peso y tamaño) y la “vista” (colores de la cáscara). Con este trabajo se espera contribuir en las comunidades agrícolas con las iniciativas de transferencia social de las nuevas tecnologías propuestas específicamente desde la academia.

Breaking through the silicon wall: gendered opportunities and risks of new technologies

Technology design and development has traditionally been characterized by a lack of attention to women’s priorities and activities; a lack of analysis of gendered impacts; and the influence of socio-cultural gender norms that position technology as a male pursuit. Advances are seen, but progress continues to be slow. For example, women are highly-represented in biology globally, but participation drops significantly in computational biology, and digital gender gaps in ownership and information and communication technology skills persist. The term “silicon wall” calls attention to the constraints faced by women and under-represented groups in the design, implementation, and appropriation of new technology. At the same time, the acceleration of technology-driven development poses new risks, in the form of AI and digital-based monetary systems, for example. These trends may reverse momentum in gender equality and empowerment through effects on labor force participation and economic opportunities, health and wellbeing, and (lack of) financial inclusion. Steps need to be taken to address gaps, constraints, and lack of opportunities that penalize women and underrepresented groups, in order to break through the silicon wall. This article builds on a forthcoming UNCTAD report to assess the intersection of digital technologies as they intersect with gender, diversity in the technology workplace, and development, in order to understand risks and opportunities for innovation and implementation of new technologies.

Proposal and validation of an industry 4.0 maturity model for SMEs

Purpose: This paper seeks to establish an Industry 4.0 maturity model for manufacturing SMEs. This research presents the characteristics of the proposed model, which takes the elements and the scope of the fourth industrial revolution, as well as the dimensions and assessment scales of some maturity models already applied. Likewise, this document shows the modeling process and the model’s validation in SMEs in the city of Bogotá-Colombia.Design/methodology/approach: To determine the criteria of the maturity model, 6 major stages have been established: Literature Review, Development of the model; Validation of the model; Application of the model; Data analysis; and Conclusion and Recommendations.Findings: Considering the validation of some maturity models shown in the literature review, and aligned with the purpose of this article, 8 dimensions have been established to measure the maturity level of SMEs: Service; Operations; Quality; Products; Documented information- Big Data; Leadership and strategy; Communication; and Culture and people. A model has been generated that allows evaluating the degree of compliance in each dimension for manufacturing SMEs. The model can be applied to companies in any industry. Also, it can determine the degree of implementation compliance of companies in the same sector.Research limitations/implications: According to the literature reviewed, SMEs, especially those in Latin America, still do not have a culture of applying the elements of Industry 4.0. Therefore, in the research, it was not easy to understand the intrinsic variables of Industry 4.0 that SMEs have applied in different areas, which does not allow us to have the current context of SMEs and from that perspective to have a better simulation of the business model maturity.Practical implications: The model presented in this document serves as a basis for SMEs in Latin America to establish a baseline measurement in relation to the application of Industry 4.0 elements in companies.Social implications: What is intended with this work is to frame a baseline so that companies can understand their current maturity level in terms that industry 4.0 could cover. Likewise, they can generate actions for the appropriation of new technologies that allow them to be more competitive. This document can be taken and applied by those entrepreneurs companies who wish to measure their operations.Originality/value: The essential point for the generation of the maturity level measurement model is focused on determining the necessary dimensions on which the evaluation is based. In the literature found, most models focus their dimensions on measuring the digital in their processes and tangentially evaluate the organizational structure and the relationship between them. Additionally, the authors who address the organization as a whole do not reveal the details for SMEs to self-evaluate. The models found have only been implemented to evaluate one company alone or individually. This model presents the core dimensions holistically and explicitly, taking important criteria such as quality, service, communication, and the culture of all employees. Additionally, it shows in detail the model that allows SMEs of the manufacturing sector to self-assess themselves in each dimension and in turn the degree of the business sector in which they are or belong.

Social appropriation of new technologies

Social appropriation of new technologies

‘What Makes It Nice Is Also What Makes It Difficult’

In health care the appropriation of new technology to assist and improve the diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients can be challenging. Based on observations and interviews with nurses and midwives during the early implementation process of a new interactive and technologically improved patient room, this article examines how health care professionals make sense of their work in the new patient room as it becomes enacted in their everyday work practice. We find that the technologically improved room is met with some resistance by the nurses and midwives. We argue that by exploring appropriation of technology as a social process of sense-making (Weick 1995), it can be revealed how meanings assigned to the new room influences actions and interactions with it.

Identificación de las capacidades tecnológicas de la Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Colombia

Para innovar es necesario contar con capacidades. ¿Cuáles son las capacidades tecnológicas de la Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud-FUCS de Colombia? Objetivo: identificarlas en el área de las ciencias médicas de la FUCS tomando en cuenta las siguientes dimensiones: capital humano, financiamiento en I+D+I, medición de la innovación, transferencia tecnológica, uso y apropiación de nuevas tecnologías, procesos de aprendizaje en la organización y productividad. Métodos y datos: investigación cualitativa en cuya primera fase se construyó un marco conceptual sobre capacidades tecnológicas de las universidades pues solo se encontraron referentes aplicados a la industria. En la segunda se aplicó una encuesta semiestructurada a actores clave para identificar aquellos productos y/o servicios de investigación o de otras áreas con potencial para comercializar y/o patentar. En una tercera fase se aplicó la metodología de trayectoria de vida (lifecourse) para profundizar en el ciclo de vida de los productos con el fin de identificar las dificultades para la toma de decisiones. Resultados: se logró establecer una línea para la vigilancia tecnológica en la organización, al contar con una base de datos de productos o servicios con potencial para comercializar y/o patentar que se gestan en la FUCS, a partir de una entrevista semiestructurada aplicada a actores clave. Otro de los hallazgos fue que uno de los principales retos es la construcción de una cultura organizacional orientada hacia la innovación continua y la normativa respecto a derechos de propiedad intelectual que definan las reglas de juego.

Integración de elementos de juego en ruta de apropiación de nuevas tecnologías para cualificar la práctica docente

En el proyecto de investigación denominado RutaTIC, se creó una ruta de apropiación de nuevas tecnologías para cualificar la práctica docente en educación superior para la modalidad virtual. En el proyecto se dictan tres diplomados, dos en 2019 y uno que se encuentra activo actualmente. Cada diplomado está enfocado en una de las áreas del conocimiento: ingeniería, salud y educación. Con el fin de dinamizar los contenidos de la ruta y motivar la realización de las actividades, se integraron de manera consciente varios elementos de juego. Para profundizar en este campo, se aclaran conceptos importantes, tales como «elementos de juego», «juego serio» y «gamificación» o «ludificación»; luego, se presentan los niveles de integración de elementos de juego que fueron aplicados a la ruta y las razones para incluirlos, así como algunos resultados obtenidos. Por último, se entregan algunas conclusiones con respecto a la experiencia, sugiriendo conocer y emplear las actividades que componen la ruta para dinamizar otros proyectos donde se busque afianzar la participación de los estudiantes, lograr un mayor compromiso e independencia en su formación, y disminuir los índices de deserción. Además, resulta importante resaltar que los recursos del proyecto han sido dispuestos de manera libre para el público en general y se encuentran tanto empaquetados para uso integral como segmentados para su uso en los espacios donde así se requiera.

The Problems of Africa’s Industrialization Substitution Strategy and Reformation Needs

This study showed that industrialisation by substitution of imports has been a failure in Africa and has made industries in this part of the world less competitive on the foreign market. As such, a different industrialisation strategy which in the context of globalisation of economies and the fierce competition of the international market reinforces the competitiveness of African countries. This new strategy was translated amongst others by the appropriation of new technologies, protection of infant industries, cloning of manufactured products imported out of Africa, regional integration and the culture of exporting manufactured products.

Radio Redux: Audience Participation and the Reincarnation of Radio for Development in Africa

Along with the valorization of “beneficiary” participation in development praxis, contemporary communication scholarship has tended toward internet-enabled technologies and applications. This study breaks ranks with the implicit loss of faith in the capacity of the so-called legacy media, and radio in particular. It argues that precisely those advances in new technologies, together with the peculiar media ecology of Ghana and Africa generally, are the bases for prenotions about the enduring relevance of radio. To verify this claim, focus group discussions were conducted among radio audiences in Ghana. The findings suggest three factors for a renaissance of radio as a development communication medium: its contribution to democratic pluralism; the use of local languages that enables social inclusion; its appropriation of new technologies for audience participatory engagement. Radio has thus evolved from the powerful effects notions of a one-way transmitter of information to an increasingly more interactive, audience-centric medium.

Analysis of barriers to the implementation of energy efficiency actions in the production of ceramics in Colombia

A characterization of the energy profile of certain ceramic industry enterprises in Colombia was carried out. An emphasis was placed on the barriers that prevent the implementation of energy efficiency actions, the degree of obsolescence of their production equipment, and the potential for energy efficiency savings. The barrier with the greatest impact in this sector was found to be hidden costs, followed by corporate values. There was a positive correlation between the potential savings and the degree of equipment obsolescence and the total barrier factor to the implementation of energy efficiency measures. Finally, it was concluded that the creation of programs that allow for more certainty in the appropriation of new technologies could help to overcome the barriers in Colombia's ceramic industry.

La evolución del derecho a la comunicación ante la emergencia de la ciudadanía digital

El presente texto da cuenta de los debates en torno al surgimiento del concepto de ciudadanía digital y la reconfiguración de los derechos a él asociados. Entre ellos, en un marco de disputa en el ámbito de la comunicación entre tendencias privatizadoras y democratizadoras, surge con fuerza la actualización del derecho a la comunicación. Este derecho no se centraría en el mero acceso a la información, sino que pondría el acento en las dinámicas de apropiación social de las nuevas tecnologías y en la creación de espacios tecnológicos y sociales abiertos e independientes de las leyes del mercado.

Fundamentos biológicos, ferramentas operacionais e inovação em quarentena vegetal

Resumo: A demanda por segurança alimentar e nutricional delimita modelos de intensificação da agricultura em que a prevenção de perdas na produção é essencial. O cenário de agricultura globalizada, o aumento das rotas de comércio e o deslocamento de pessoas e produtos maximiza o potencial de introduções inadvertidas de pragas em áreas indenes, colocando em risco os sistemas produtivos. A quarentena vegetal é apresentada como medida disciplinadora à movimentação de vegetais, para limitar a dispersão de pragas agrícolas. A vigilância preconiza a antecipação e reconhece a ameaça, privilegiando a acurácia e a eficiência do diagnóstico, a consolidação de metodologias de análise de risco de pragas e a evolução das ferramentas operacionais. Com apropriação de novas tecnologias, melhoria das estruturas fiscalizadoras e forte capacidade inovativa, esperam-se respostas aos desafios impostos à segurança da agricultura. Este trabalho aborda aspectos históricos relacionados às ações quarentenárias, ao arcabouço legal, à influência do comércio internacional, às ferramentas analíticas, às perspectivas de inovação e à qualificação da infraestrutura. O objetivo deste trabalho é contextualizar a importância do risco de introdução de novas pragas ante uma agricultura pujante e a intensificação do intercâmbio comercial. Analisa, igualmente, desafios para ações de quarentena vegetal, ao mesmo tempo em que alinha bases biológicas sobre as quais a regulação fitossanitária deve se sustentar, como subsídio para a formulação de dispositivos legais.

Oralidad terciaria: mirada ecológica a la radio digital

The growth and rapid appropriation of new technologies (mobile telephones, tablets, and personal computers) have generated a reconfiguration of radio media, which, in turn, has redefined a new habitat-based radio listening tertiary orality. Thus, and based on the proposals raised by Ong on secondary orality as a mode of consciousness, this study analyzes the way the tertiary orality is established as technology thought changing experience of listening to the radio web platforms. Returning to previous studies phenomenological tradition in the field of media ecology, this research is based on a phenomenological study based on interviews with digital radio listeners. These interviews were structured according to the four existentialism proposed by Van Manen: spatiality, temporality, relationality and corporality. From the analysis of these existentialism, three characteristics of tertiary orality such as liveliness, transcoding and aggressiveness are proposed.

Charting Theoretical Directions for Examining African Journalism in the “Digital Era”

This essay provides a metatheoretical framework for understanding the complexities surrounding African journalism in the era of interactive digital technologies. It argues for the continued relevance of traditional theoretical paradigms, and submits that radical calls to develop new theories as well as to de-Westernise contemporary journalism studies through exclusively deploying “home-grown” concepts such as ubuntuism are not necessarily always viable. Rather, there is more to gain from appropriating traditional theories and identifying possible synergies between the “old”, predominantly Western approaches, and the “new digital phenomena”, and weaving out of that dialogue, approaches that are not radically different but are in tune with the uniqueness of African experiences. This approach, as the study argues, is particularly important given that journalism (including its appropriation of new technologies) always takes on the form and colouring of the social structure in which it operates. The study thus draws on social constructivist approaches to technology and the sociology of journalism, as well as an array of theoretical concerns from African journalism scholarship to offer a possible direction for a conceptual framework that can help us to capture the complex imbrications between new digital technologies and journalism practice in Africa.

Municipal WiFi and interactive displays: Appropriation of new technologies in public urban spaces

This study focuses on the appropriation process of two public computing infrastructures in the City of Oulu, Finland, a municipal WiFi network and large interactive displays. We analyze the adoption of these technologies in public urban places with a conceptual technology appropriation model involving three layers of factors contributing to the adoption or rejection of a technology. Quantitative data shows that while the use of the WiFi network has grown steadily, the use of the displays has been declining. Qualitative data obtained with ethnographic methods reveals that the adoption of the displays is hampered by their questionable utility and people's apprehension about interacting with the displays in a public social setting. Finally, we identify issues that designers should take into account when deploying these technologies in urban spaces in the future.

La literatura en la era digital: un análisis a propósito de Tierra de extracción de Doménico Chiappe y Andreas Meier

¿En qué consiste la narrativa electrónica? ¿Cómo se produce este tipo de literatura? ¿Cuáles son las tecnologías y recursos estéticos utilizados en su producción?¿Qué efectos producen en el lector las tecnologías digitales incorporadas en la literatura electrónica? Las respuestas a éstas y otras preguntas relacionadas con la producción de la literatura electrónica serán exploradas en el presente trabajo, a partir de las propuestas teóricas de diversos autores y el análisis de la hipernovela Tierra de extracción de Doménico Chiappe y Andreas Meier.

Formação continuada: implicações e possibilidades no exercício profissional do assistente social

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre a formação profissional continuada crítica no campo do exercício profissional de Serviço Social. Fundamenta-se em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental que procura identificar e apontar estratégias para esse processo de formação. Aborda criticamente a utilização do termo, tendo como referência autores da área de educação. Problematiza a formação continuada como um processo constante e necessário ao exercício profissional, imbricado na relação teórico-prática, na qualidade da produção documental, na apropriação das novas tecnologias para auxiliar a organizar os dados da realidade que se apresentam no cotidiano profissional. A partir do método crítico-dialético, enfatiza a necessária atitude investigativa e propõe estratégias teórico-políticas de formação continuada para o fortalecimento do projeto ético-político do Serviço Social.

Mobile Phones and the Cultural Ecology of Fishing in Kerala, India

Studies that go beyond the ICT4D (Information and Communication Technologies for Development) framework emphasize the social and cultural dimensions of mobile phones. Nevertheless, the cultural dimension, in literature pertaining to both urban and rural use patterns, typically takes an individualistic orientation. The possibility of actualizing the collectivistic logic in a community's appropriation of new technologies is mostly overlooked. The present article explores how the fishers community in Kerala, India, use mobile phones in culturally enhancing and ecologically oriented ways that improve their working and living conditions. In the case of Kerala fishers, the impulse toward cooperation has long been ingrained in their culture, as often happens among marginalized groups. The availability of mobile technologies has allowed for the amplification of this impulse and enabled new modes of cooperation, especially in sharing of information on promising fishing spots and safety and rescue at sea.

The Public Image(s) of Science and Technology in the Greek Daily Press, 1908-1910

Abstract This paper discusses the results of our analysis of over 2,500 articles related to science and technology found in the daily newspapers Embros and Skrip, between 1908 and 1910. In view of the importance of this historical period for Greece, we examine the public images(s) of science and technology and interpret the multifaceted discourse used by journalists when accounting for science and technology in their articles. From the wide range of articles studied, we have discerned four broad themes: the introduction and cultural appropriation of new technologies in Greek cities, the concern with public hygiene and general health issues, attempts to control Nature, and lastly the presentation of the scientific and technological advances taking place abroad. Our empirical study has shown that (1) all scientific and technical fields were covered in both newspapers, (2) science and technology were not only addressed in special columns dealing with science popularization, but permeated the entire newspaper, (3) the term ‘science’, with all its derivatives, was used for science proper, but also in expressions employed in order to write about the advanced technology of the period, (4) the concept of science was associated with the notion of modernity and that of progress.