Approbation Maxim Research Articles

Maxim of Politeness Found in the Characters’ Conversation in Turning Red Movie

The aims of this research is to analyze the types of politeness maxims produced by the characters in Tuning Red Movie. The data in this research focuses on the utterances obtained from the conversations between the characters. This research used qualitative descriptive method to analyze the types of politeness maxim. The stages of data collection started from downloading the movie from the internet and then watching it repeatedly to understand the contents of the film. Next, take notes on every utterance spoken by the characters that can be used as data to clarify the types of politeness maxims. The last, categorize these utterances into six types of politeness based on Leech (1983) theory. The results of this research indicate that there are six types of politeness maxims used in this movie. First type is tact maxim, second type is generosity maxim, third is Approbation maxim, fourth is modesty maxim, fifth is agreement maxim and last type is symphaty maxim. It can be concluded that the movie contains all types of politeness maxim with their respective purpose.

A Pragmatic Analysis of Nelson Mandela’s Speech at Harvard University

This article studies Nelson Mandela’s speech at Harvard University to understand his rhetorical skills. In this speech, he talks about how South Africans face disparities and injustice due to their race. He emphasizes the need for reconceptualization and redefining the economic system's precepts, which could benefit all regardless of race, gender, and ethnicity. The speech has been analyzed using Leech’s Maxims of Politeness and Aristotle’s Theory of Persuasion to investigate how rhetorical and politeness strategies have been used. The analysis shows that Mandela used Leech’s Maxims of Politeness as complementary to Aristotle’s strategies of persuasion to achieve desired communicative goals. He uses different strategies of logos and ethos to build a persuasive discourse. Besides, he uses modesty and approbation maxim and humour at the cost of self as the main strategies of politeness. Politeness complements his persuasive appeals and makes them more effective.

Politeness Maxims Performed by Characters in “The Magician Elephant” Movie

This study is aimed to observe the types of politeness maxim as well as the most dominant types used which are found in the movie transcript entitled “The Magician Elephant”. As a part of pragmatics, Leech’s theory about six types of politeness maxims was applied in this study. The data were collected using a documentation method and supported by a note taking technique which was taken in the form of utterances in the movie transcript. In addition, the data were analyzed by using a qualitative method, and showed descriptively in form of sentences and paragraphs. The formal method was also used due to the analysis applied in written words instead of numbers. The findings showed that there were 42 utterances of tact maxim, 17 utterances of generosity maxim, 31 utterances of approbation maxim, 14 utterances of modesty maxim, 18 utterances of agreement maxim, and 10 utterances of sympathy maxim.

Analysis of Language Defense in Youtube Content Boy William National Examination (UNBW)

Politeness is basically the speaker's way of communicating so that the speech partner does not feel pressured, cornered, or offended. Communication is a process that occurs in social life. At this time, almost all Indonesian people use social media and the biggest user is YouTube social media. Youtube is a social media that is watched by all people and all ages. Youtube contains various types of content, one of which is Boy William's YouTube channel entitled Boy William's National Examination (UNBW). This series discusses Youtube content for Boy William's National Examination (UNBW) with actresses Ayu Ting-Ting and Anwar. Politeness in language on Youtube social media functions to fence off Youtube users as polite loudspeakers. Conversations during UNBW will be the object of language politeness analysis with a review based on Leech's theory. The politeness theory put forward by Leech (1983: 132) is known as maxims which describe the realization of linguistic politeness, and further elaborates the linguistic politeness strategy into 6 maxims namely: 1) tact maxim, 2) generosity maxim , 3) approbation maxim, 4) modesty maxim, 5) agreement maxim, and 6) sympathy maxim. After reviewing the data, I pointed out that the conversation on UNBW's Youtube content for the Ayu vs Anwar series contains language that is impolite for other people to watch but is still considered polite if this conversation is only for Boy William, Ayu Ting-Ting, and just Anwar.

Tourism Practitioner’s Language Politeness Model in Kota Tua Jakarta

This study aims to describe the politeness model of tourism practitioners in Kota Tua Jakarta. This research method uses a qualitative research design. The source of research data is the speech of tour guides and tourism officers in Kota Tua Jakarta. Data collection techniques were carried out through field observations, interviews, FGDs, and document review. The data analysis technique adopted the qualitative data analysis technique developed by Miles and Huberman, namely the interactive model of analysis. The results showed that from the speech data which amounted to 74 dialogues, it was found that the generosity maxim was 4 utterances or 6%, the tact maxim was 6 utterances or 8%, the approbation maxim was 15 utterances or 21%, the modesty maxim was 1 utterance or 1%, Obligation Speaker to Other maxim is 6 utterances or 8%, Obligation Other to Speaker maxim is 1 utterance or 1%, Agreement maxim is 13 utterances or 18%, Opinion reticence maxim is 14 utterances or 19%, Sympathy maxim is 8 utterances or 11%, The feeling ritincence maxim is 5 utterances or 7%. The dominance of the use of approbation maxim, opinion reticence maxim, and agreement maxim, it can be said that to show politeness in language, tourism practitioners apply the rules of indecision. The use of grammatical and lingual markers in the speech of tourism practitioners such as the use of the word mungkin, terima kasih, iya, bagus, boleh, seperti itu, nah jadi … (maybe, thank you, yes, good, may, like that, well so ...) become a model of politeness in the language of tourism practitioners in the Kota Tua Jakarta.

Prinsip Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Kolom Komentar Kanal Youtube Metrotvnews dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembelajaran Teks Persuasi

The purpose of this research is. First, describe compliance with the politeness principle in the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel. Second, describe violation of the principle of politeness in language in the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel. Third, describing the language context in the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel. This research used qualitative with a descriptive method. The data are speech that contain compliance to politeness principles, violations of politeness principles from the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel. The research instrument is the researcher himself. The data collection techniques used in this study were the simak bebas libat cakap technique, the documentation technique and the note-taking technique. Data analysis techniques are carried out by organizing data, describing it into units, synthesizing, compiling into patterns, and making conclusions. The research results show three things. First, found 59 data on compliance with the politeness principle. Second, there were 41 violations of the politeness principle. Third, the language context is polite, and impolite. It can be concluded that. First, the most dominant form of compliance politeness principle is approbation maxim. Second, the most dominant form of violation politeness is a approbation maxim. Third, the most dominant language context in the comment column on the metrotvnews YouTube channel is polite. This research can be implicated in persuasion text learning.

Types of Politeness Maxim and its Scale Found in Emma 2020 Movie

Politeness is the primary notion in this study. The objective was to find the types of politeness maxim and its scale applied by the character in Emma 2020 movie. The analysis was conducted based on the theories proposed by Leech (1983) who formulated the six types of politeness maxim. Leech (1983:123) also proposed the three scales of politeness and two scales based on the theory by Brown and Gilman (1960). The data were taken from the British romance movie entitled Emma 2020. The qualitative method was used for analyzing the data. The analysis found six types of politeness maxim and five types of politeness scale applied by the movie characters with the types of 13 approbation maxim and 24 cost-benefit scales was extremely appear. In addition, there are two types of politeness maxim compete by the same character found in this analysis, and the goals of conversation affected the politeness maxim application.

Principles of politeness used and violated by Acehnese-speaking Khatibs in their Friday prayer sermons

This research focused on the politeness of the preachers (henceforth, Khatibs) in delivering sermons. The objective was to find out how politeness principles were applied in the Acehnese language sermons delivered by the Khatibs in Friday prayer processions in Aceh Besar, Indonesia. The data for this research was 15 Friday sermons given at seven sub-districts in Aceh Besar. This study used naturally occurring data from the Friday sermons collected over two months by recording them at 15 mosques within the area of Aceh Besar. Data were transcribed and analyzed using Grice’s maxim theory. The results showed that out of the six politeness maxims, only two maxims, the sympathy maxim, and the tact maxim were found and identified to be applied in the Friday prayer sermons. The sympathy maxim was dominantly used by the Khatibs with 52 occurrences or 68.4% of data, while the tact maxim was found to be used in 24 occurrences or 31.6% of data. Meanwhile, the approbation maxim, the agreement maxim, the modesty maxim, and the generosity maxim were not found in the data. This might be attributed to the nature of the discourse of the sermons as one-way dialogues. It can be concluded that Friday prayers only used the sympathy maxim and tact maxim of politeness because of the one-way communication of Friday sermons. The reasons for the absence of the other four politeness maxims are contextually discussed in this paper.

Politeness in Language in the Comments Column on the TVOne News Youtube Channel “Lesti Billar's Drama Case of Domestic Violence”

One form of information and communication media that is very popular at this time is YouTube. This media can be used as a place to share videos with one another, be it videos that provide educational content, tutorials, up-to-date information, or documentary videos of one's personal life. Therefore, the forms of speech contained in YouTube are very diverse. With the various forms of speech contained on YouTube, there are also forms of politeness in speaking. Language politeness according to Geoffrey Leech, namely Geoffrey Leech divides the principles of politeness into six maxims, namely; tact maxim, generosity maxim, appreciation maxim ( approbation maxim), modesty maxim, and sympathy maxim. The author conducted this analysis with the aim of describing language politeness in the comments contained on the Tvonenews YouTube channel entitled Drama Lesti Billar's Domestic Violence Case. The data source in this study is the Tvonenews YouTube channel titled Lesti Billar's Domestic Violence Case Drama which has a video duration of 5 minutes 48 seconds, and was published on October 25 2022. Data analysis was carried out using the politeness maxim. In this analysis it was found that there were five of the six maxims of politeness in Leech's language on the Tvonenews YouTube channel entitled Drama of the Lesti Billar Domestic Violence Case from the 25 data there were 20 data included in the 5 maxims, namely: 4 tact maxims, 2 generosity maxims (generosity maxim), 4 approbation maxims, 3 modesty maxims, and 7 sympathy maxims.

VIOLATIONS OF APPROBATION MAXIM IN SELECTED MOVIES

Giving compliments to each other is one of the ways people express themselves through language. However, as one of the characteristics of politeness is not obligatory it made room for a violation to happen, and instead of giving high value to Os qualities, the speaker giving an unfavorable value to O’s qualities. The aim of the research were (1) to identify violation of approbation maxim in a direct conversation of characters in the selected movies, (2) to investigate types of violation, and (3) to explore how the use of taboo words influence politeness. The data were utterances from four selected movies, namely, Princess Diary 1, High School Musical 1, Wild Child, and The DUFF. The research used the qualitative research method. The result of the research show (1) there are 49 data of violations of the approbation maxim, (2) types of the violation based on Leech (2014) that occur in the selected movies were insulting, complaining, and telling off, (3) the use of taboo words or in other word swearing influence the rudeness of the utterances.

POLITENESS PRINCIPLE ANALYSIS OF ROAD DAHL’S CHARLIE AND THE CHOCOLATE FACTORY

The study focuses on the politeness principle of Road Dahl’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory based on Geofrey Leech’s theory. Leech mentions there are six maxims of politeness principle as follows: Tact Maxim, Generosity Maxim, Approbation Maxim, Modesty Maxim, Agreement Maxim, and Sympathy Maxim. The objectives of this study are identifying and classifying into several categories of politeness principles as well as analysing the conversational text in the story. This research uses a qualitative approach for the study of literature (documents) from a variety of sources, both print and electronic, as well as texts, journals, and scientific articles. In conducting this study, Roald Dahl’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory book is used as the primary source for the data collection. The data are collected by taking several conversational texts in its story. The result of this study can be concluded that in the text of the story of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl there are several discourse contexts in the story that are in line with the politeness principle by Geofrey Leech.

Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Novel Resign! karya Almira Bastari

The purpose of this study is describe the politeness of language contained in the novel Resign! by Almira Bastari. The method used is descriptive qualitative method. The data used is a piece of dialogue from a character that is suspected to contain compliance and violation of the maxim of politeness in language. The source of data in this study is the dialogue of the characters in the novel. Data collection techniques used are library techniques as basic techniques and reading and note-taking techniques as advanced techniques. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis technique. The results showed that there was compliance and violation of the maxim of politeness in the novel Resign!. The politeness maxims found are (1) tact maxim, (2) generosity maxim, (3) approbation maxim, (4) modesty maxim, (5) agreement maxim, and (6) sympathy maxim. Meanwhile, the violation of the maxim of politeness in the novel Resign! consists of, (1) tact maxim, (2) generosity maxim, (3) approbation maxim, (4) modesty maxim, and (5) agreement maxim.

Politeness Maxims in Dialogue Toy Story 4 Movie

This study is entitled Politeness Maxims in Dialogue Toy Story 4 Movie. This study aimed to observe the types of politeness maxims and the functions of politeness maxims applied in the movie. The Toy Story 4 Movie uses a data source in this study because there had been conversations related to politeness expressions with all characters. This study uses the documentation method and note-taking technique in collecting the data. The data of this study were analyzed using the descriptive qualitative method and using the theory of pragmatics by Leech (1983). However, this study only focuses on four maxims as Generosity maxim, Approbation maxim, Agreement maxim, and Sympathy maxim to facilitate research. Based on the analysis, the results show that all four maxims can be found in this study. The most dominant maxim which was used in this study is Generosity maxim and Agreement maxim while the most functions applied in each politeness maxims is Irony.

Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Sinetron Ikatan Cinta: Kajian Pragmatik

This research is entitled "Language politeness in the soap opera Ikatan Cinta: Pragmatic Studies". The purpose of this study was to determine the principle of politeness in language and the factors that cause politeness in the language in the soap opera "Ikatan Cinta". The theory used in this research is a pragmatic theory that includes the principle of politeness in language proposed by Leech. This study requires qualitative data to analyze the speech of the protagonist and the characters in the soap opera "Ikatan Cinta". The data collection method used is the listening method with the free-of-conversation listening technique. The process of data analysis used descriptive qualitative methods while presenting the results of the data analysis used formal and informal methods. The source of this research data used as material for analysis is the speech of the protagonist and the character in the soap opera "Ikatan Cinta" which can be found in the Vision+ application. The results of this study are in the form of the principles of language politeness and the factors that cause language politeness contained in the speech between the characters of the soap opera "Ikatan Cinta". The principle of politeness found in the soap opera "Ikatan Cinta" is tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, agreement maxim, modesty maxim, and sympathy maxim. This study found the factors that cause politeness in the soap opera "Ikatan Cinta", namely the status factor, age factor, and gender factor. Of the three factors, the most commonly found in the status factor.

Pelanggaran Prinsip Kesopanan dalam Naskah Drama Riḥlatun Ilā al-Gād Karya Taufik Al-Hakim: Analisis Pragmatik

This study describes the types of infringement of the principle of politeness in the drama script “riḥlatun ilā al-gād” by Taufik Al-Hakim. This study used three methods: the method of data collection, data analysis, and presentation of the result of the analysis. The data is collected using the listen and note method, the data analysis uses the pragmatic equivalent method, and the results of the analysis are presented informally. The results of this study found an infringement of the principle of politeness in 5 maxims: the tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, and agreement maxim, and also the infringement of the sympathy maxim was not found in this research. Some of the implicatures of infringement of the principle of politeness are implicatures for ordering, prohibiting, expelling, affirming, etc.

PELANGGARAN KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA INDONESIA DALAM KOMENTAR VIDEO KLIP LAGU BAD ASS KARIN NOVILDA DI YOUTUBE EDISI FEBRUARI 2017

This research is based on a video clip song Bad Ass different from other video clips. Bad Ass’s video clip is a new video clip with an unflattering scene concept. This study aims to describe the violation of language politeness that includes modesty tact maxim, approbation maxim, modestky maxim, agreement maxim, generosity maxim, and sympath maxim in the comments video klip song Bad Ass Karin Novilda on Youtube. The data in this study are words or phrases in the form of comments that contain violations of language modesty tact maxim, approbation maxim, modestky maxim, agreement maxim, generosity maxim, and sympath maxim. Sources of data in this study is a commentary from the video clip song Bad Ass by Karin Novilda in Social Media Internet that is Youtube edition of February 2017. The techniques of collecting data of this research is technique of free capability and technique of note. Data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of data analysis can be concluded that the violation of politeness language in comments video clip song Bad Ass Karin Novilda on Youtube February 2017 edition. At the modesty maxim is able to maximize the benefits of others. The approbation maxim is able to minimize reproaches in the other side. The maxim agreement is indicated by the agreement between the self and the other person. The maxim sympathy is shown to have as much sympathy as possible in the other side. The maxim generosity is shown to be generosity on the other side. Maxim of praise is able to maximize praise on the other side.

Politeness Maxims Used in English Classroom Interaction of Fourth Semester at STKIP Taman Siswa Bima

The The aims of this research is to find out the used types of politeness maxims and the function of most dominant type of politeness maxims used in English classroom interaction during the learning process. The reason why the researcher did this research because the research wanted to provide more sources or references about the types of politeness maxims and the function of most dominant type of politeness maxim that was hopefully be useful for the institution where the researcher study, for other students, other researchers, or readers in general. This research used descriptive qualitative method. Descriptive qualitative method is intended to describe everything related to the type of politeness maxims in classroom interaction. There were three videos which used as a source of data. Those videos showed the activity of the learning process in the classroom interactions. In collecting the data, the researcher would transcribe the videos into written data accurately and classify the data based on types of politeness maxim in order the data would be easily in identified and analyzed. After all the data collected, the researcher analyzed the data and drawed the conclusion. The results of this research can be seen as follows: (1) There were 96 data of politeness maxim appeared in 3 of videos, which consist of 68 data of tact maxim, 14 data of approbation maxim, 10 data of agreement maxim, 2 data of sympathy maxim, 1 data of generosity maxim and 1 data of modesty maxim. (2) Based on the research, tact maxim was the dominant type and the function that can be concluded for several function as declarative, interrogative, imperative and apology function that appeared during the learning process to espouse the spirit of students with the factor of context of situation and participant.

ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS’ LANGUAGE POLITENESS DURING TEACHING ENGLISH

The objective of the study was to express language politeness in teacher-student conversations to the way educating and learning at SMP Negeri 21 Medan. This study makes use of qualitative method. The techniques used in data collection are observation, transcription techniques, and take notes techniques. The target is to find out the use of language politeness principles in learning activities on the choice of words and polite ways of speaking between teachers and students. The outcomes of this study show that use of politeness in language is influenced by teacher’s emotions and there are seven maxims out of ten maxims use used by teacher’s in language politeness namely 1) opinion reticente maxim, 2) agreement maxim, 3) sympathy maxim, 4)generosity maxim, 5) approbation maxim, 6) obligation of S to O Maxim, 7) Tact maxim. In conclusion, the politeness of communication between teacher’s and students tends to use Indonesian rather than English. This is a concern for teachers in teaching in class by speaking polite language.

PORTRAYING LEECH’S MODEL OF POLITENESS IN CAPITAL R RAKE BRIDGERTON SEASON 2

This research portrays about the implementation of maxims of politeness in the first episode of Bridgerton Season 2, entitled Capital R Rake. The aim is finding out the maxims of politeness. The method used is qualitative descriptive method. The results shows that there are 15 data of Tact Maxim, 5 data of Generosity Maxim, 27 data of Approbation Maxim, 18 data of Modesty Maxim, 14 data of Agreement Maxim, and 7 data of Sympathy Maxim. The most maxim that appears is Approbation Maxim. The least maxim that appears in the movie is Generosity.

Students' Politeness to Lecturers in WhatsApp Application Measured Using Leech Maxim

This study aims to describe student politeness in communicating or sending messages to lecturers through the Whatsapp application. This research needs to be carried out to obtain an overview of the application of politeness principles used by students in communicating. This research is descriptive qualitative research with instrumental case studies, the instrument used is Maxim Leech. The source of this research data is student texts sent to lecturers. The research data are sentences, phrases, or words that contain aspects of politeness by Leech's politeness principles. Data retrieval uses the note-taking method, while data analysis uses the high method. The basic analysis technique is a technique for direct elements that sorts text into several categories of data forms, namely sentences, clauses, phrases, and words. The results of this study indicate that all politeness maxims are not used by students in sending student Whatsapp messages to lecturers. . From the six Maxim Leech Principles, five of them are used by students in communication. The five maxims are tact maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, generosity maxim, and agreement maxim. Of the five maxims used, the modesty maxim is most widely used compared to the other maxims. This shows that the politeness of students in a humble attitude exceeds other politeness. Research on student politeness can still be developed both in theory, methodology, and the depth of the discussion Keywords: politeness, WhatsApp, online learning