Social Research Approaches Research Articles

Using a Capability Approach to Explore How People With Intellectual Disabilities Can Lead Flourishing Lives.

People with intellectual disabilities remain disadvantaged in many aspects of everyday life. Capability approach is an underused approach in social care research and has at its core the importance of having capabilities or opportunities to do what we value. We use this approach to explore how people with intellectual disabilities can be supported to lead flourishing lives. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with 50 people with intellectual disabilities and 28 family carers. Data were analysed using an adapted template approach and conceptual analysis. Our analysis led to the identification of one overarching theme; 'Doing what you love and growing' and sub-themes; 'Choice, opportunity and empowerment', 'Being out in the world' and 'Lowered expectations and static lives'. People with intellectual disabilities can lead capability-deprived lives. Methodological and practice innovation is needed to better understand what people value and ensure they have capability sets that enable flourishing lives.

Distinguishing sympathisers, philanthropists, rusted on activists and radicals: Using person‐centred analyses in collective action research

AbstractMany of our theories and models within social psychology implicitly refer to ‘types’ or subgroups of people who engage in collective action (activists, protestors), or do not (sympathisers, bystanders). Other frameworks differentiate between actors based on their adoption of tactics (benevolents, activists, radicals). How, empirically, do we distinguish sympathisers from activists? Activists from radicals? This paper describes recent research that adopts person‐centred statistical approaches (e.g., latent profile analysis, latent transition analysis, latent growth mixture models) to address three contemporary puzzles of collective action research. We present research showing that the methods are useful in identifying and explaining sub‐groups of people who seek to bring about change in qualitatively different ways. The methods are also useful for understanding volatility in collective action as well as identifying and understanding variation in how people sustain, increase, or diminish their commitment over time. There is nothing so practical as a good method and person‐centred statistical approaches are an important complement to variable‐centred approaches in social psychological research on collective action.

Intersectional Approach in Social Inequality Research: Group Project

Intersectional Approach in Social Inequality Research: Group Project

From a Spark, a Mighty Flame: How Germinal Networks Support Teachers of Color to Promote Change in Activist Organizations and Beyond

Background: Recent research has demonstrated that social justice teacher activist networks provide vital support to teachers of Color, reducing feelings of isolation and providing high-quality professional learning opportunities. Yet, there is a need for broader scaled research that looks across multiple activist organizations to add to our understandings of these findings. Focus of Study: Our study examines the network participation characteristics of 26 activist teachers of Color across 14 activist organizations in the United States. Our research questions were: (1) How do activist teachers of Color foster social capital in networks to influence policies and actions in their organizations and beyond? (2) What relationship exists between the participation structures of networks and the involvement of teachers of Color in the activist organizations? Research Design: Our research design used a critical social network research approach informed by Black feminist thought (BFT) and research on teacher activism. Our data included interviews from the 26 teachers and documents from their activist organizations. Our analysis involved a macro-to-micro qualitative network analysis of data, which afforded a broad view of network characteristics and deep descriptions of the stories of a subset of teachers. Conclusions: We found that the teachers of Color who were involved in affinity-based groups and subgroups were often the germinators of policy and action shifts, usually related to racial and intersectional justice in their organization. We call this network phenomenon a germinal network. We explore other features of germinal networks, such as a tendency toward reflexivity and mentorship-seeking and support. This study has implications for future critical research on social networks and the design of radically inclusive and humanizing social infrastructures in education-related organizations.

An exploration of cultural competence in career services with international students

AbstractThis study reports on career development professionals’ (CDPs) understanding and use of cultural competence in their work with international students. The Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies guided the study as a conceptual framework based on the literature on international student experiences. The research team used an exploratory qualitative design informed by the community‐based participatory and social justice research approaches. The study included two phases: a survey (n = 33) and semi‐structured interviews (n = 12). The survey results indicated limited familiarity with specific competency frameworks and informed the semi‐structured interviews. Five themes emerged: (1) Awareness of intersectionality and systems of oppression; (2) the need for a holistic approach to career services; (3) specific cultural competence skills; (4) systemic barriers for both international students and CDPs; and (5) the need for advocacy on behalf of and with international students. The findings are discussed with implications for CDPs, institutions, and systemic change.

Legal Reconstruction of Electronic Storage for Notarial Deeds Minute Based on the Value of Justice

Legal Reconstruction of Electronic Storage for Notarial Deeds Minute Based on the Value of Justice

Conceptualising Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara mental health beliefs

ABSTRACT Objectives Very little is known about how Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara describe and explain mental health from their own perspectives without resorting to Western frameworks. This study used a social contextual research approach to describe how Anangu talk about behaviours that are called “mental illness” in Western contexts, their explanations about the contexts they believe shape these behaviours, and how Anangu support people who exhibit them. Method Seven senior Anangu were repeat interviewed between 1–2 hours by an Anangu researcher for a combined total time of 31 hours in a “yarning” conversational approach. Interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis approach to explore the contextual features giving rise to mental health behaviours. Results Results indicated that in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands there are complex interactions between fundamental ancient beliefs of cultural processes and the changing Western influences since colonisation, and examples are given of each of these. The same looking Western behaviours of “mental health” could arise from alternative traditional contexts. Conclusions This research fills a gap and adds to the very small amount of Anangu mental health literature by providing an extensive overview of the mental health behaviours from the perspectives of Anangu themselves. It also shows how there can be gaps in research done without Indigenous researchers onboard.

Quantum Deep Neural Network Based Classification of Attack Vectors on the Ethereum Blockchain

INTRODUCTION: The implementation of robust security protocols is imperative in light of the exponential growth of blockchain-based platforms such as Ethereum. The importance of developing more effective strategies to detect and counter potential attacks is growing in tandem with the sophistication of the methods employed by attackers. In this study, we present a novel approach that leverages quantum computing to identify and predict attack vectors on the Ethereum blockchain. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study is to suggest an innovative methodology for enhancing the security of Ethereum by leveraging quantum computing. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that QRBM and QDN are efficient in identifying and predicting security flaws in blockchain transactions. METHODS: We combined methods from quantum computing with social network research approaches. An enormous dataset containing both genuine Ethereum transactions and a carefully chosen spectrum of malicious activity indicative of popular attack vectors was used to train our model, the QRBM. Thanks to the dataset, the QRBM was able to learn to distinguish between typical and out-of-the-ordinary activities. RESULTS: In comparison to more conventional deep learning models, the QRBM showed substantially better accuracy when it came to identifying transaction behaviours. The model's improved scalability and efficiency were made possible by its quantum nature, which is defined by features like entanglement and superposition. Specifically, the QRBM handled non-informative inputs better and solved problems faster. CONCLUSION: This study paves the way for further investigation into quantum-enhanced cybersecurity measures and highlights the promise of quantum neural networks in strengthening the security of blockchain technology. According to our research, quantum computing has the potential to be an essential tool in creating Ethereum-style blockchain security systems that are more advanced, efficient, and resilient.

Texts and Images as Data in Qualitative Social Research: Proposing a Common Methodological Approach

Images and texts, their qualities as empirical data, and their entanglements, have been the object of methodological and theoretical debates in social scientific research for a few decades now. Scholars have argued that images and texts are fundamentally different to the point of being incommensurable. Contrary to this line of reasoning, this paper suggests that images and texts are similar enough to be studied within the same framework, that of semiotics, understood as a non-reductive approach to the socio-cultural making of aesthetics, performances, and meanings in multi-media arrangements. Unfolding this argument, I do not suggest that ‘images are like texts,’ but instead propose that ‘texts are like images.’ Doing so, I discuss a few of the most frequently assumed properties of images, and how these may apply to texts. As such, this article sets the theoretical perimeters for more specific methodical approaches in social scientific research.

La recherche et développement sociale : apparition, contours et principes

The recent context of economic, environmental, health and social crisis, leads us to notice the growing development of innovations seeking to respond to unsatisfied societal needs: aging, climate change, socio- economic inequalities, etc. Promoting the production of these innovations is becoming a major challenge that we are addressing by examining social research and development (R&D) approaches. Given the lack of stability of this concept, we propose, based on a combination of theoretical and empirical material, to build a conceptual and operational grid specifying the contours of social R&D.

The Penalty System for Minor Crime in Realizing the Values of Pancasila Justice

Minor crimes can still be handled using the concept of a restorative justice approach. Restorative justice has an implementation method by means of penal mediation or by diversion of criminal acts. Penal mediation is used in handling ordinary crimes, in the sense that it is carried out by adults, while the use of diversion is carried out in cases involving children and is in the Children's Court. The problem in this research is how the punishment system for minor crimes is based on Pancasila justice. The research method uses a constructivist paradigm, with a social legal research approach method, and a descriptive research type. Types and sources of data use secondary materials in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Data collection methods use literature and qualitative analysis methods. The results of the research are that the punishment system for minor crimes is not yet fair, legal action is still carried out procedurally. One effort that can be made is a policy approach to resolving minor crimes (Tipiring) through restorative justice; so it is necessary to reconstruct the Regulations on Light Crimes Based on Pancasila Justice, namely in the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), in Article 205 Paragraph 1 and the Republic of Indonesia Prosecutor's Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution.

Reconstruction of Evidence Regulations in Civil Jurisdiction Based on Justice Value

The aims of this research are to analyze the weaknesses that exist in evidentiary regulations in civil courts and how to reconstruct evidentiary constraints in civil justice based on the value of justice. This research uses a constructivist paradigm, with a social legal research approach that uses primary data. Methods of data collection using interviews, observation, and field systems. The results of this research show that in evidentiary regulations in civil courts in Indonesia, judges are bound by valid evidence, which means that judges are only allowed to make decisions (impose decisions) based on evidence determined by law only, and From a formal juridical point of view, electronic document law has not been strictly regulated in the Civil Procedure Code so that it has not had the value of justice, namely the normalization of Articles 163 and 164 HIR and Articles 283 and 284 RBg., has not provided justice values in the evidentiary system. Current weaknesses in evidentiary regulations in civil court include weaknesses in the context of legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture, therefore it is necessary to reconstruct the provisions in Article 164 HIR or 284 RBg with the need for arrangements regarding electronic evidence, which has been validated and the strength is the same as documentary evidence. Then in Article 163 HIR/Article 283 RBg there needs to be an arrangement so that Electronic Information and Electronic Documents submitted by litigants must come from an Electronic System that meets the requirements based on Legislation In contrast, where the implication is to provide a new idea related to evidentiary regulations in civil courts based on the value of justice.

Beyond school physical education: pedagogical mediation and the teaching and learning process

This article has the objective of provoking a change of habits both in the view of the school community, as well as of students, teachers and professionals in the area of physical education, through the use of the various tools that school physical education has that can improve learning, and many times are not used for the formation of the individual. The methodology adopted a social, qualitative and quantitative research approach, in which research is part of the researcher's life, and this as a transforming agent of his/her reality. A survey was carried out with students and teachers of a municipal school, in the city of Lauro de Freitas, in the neighborhood of Itinga, a school with a very high level of aggressiveness in which drug trafficking is active, therefore it urgently needs sport as an agent. transformer of the current reality of this needy community. Data analysis came about through questionnaires applied during physical education classes, the results being faithful to the questions asked, obeying and respecting the anonymity of each one who so wished.

Āpiti hono, tātai hono: A collaborative bicultural social work research approach

INTRODUCTION: This article introduces the qualitative research design of a research report completed in 2019 that focused on collaborative bicultural social work practice in Aotearoa New Zealand. A major focus of this article is the relationship between the Pākehā researcher (and tauira) and the Māori social work research supervisor. Therefore, reflective accounts are provided throughout the article where we have emphasised the value of the supervision process and bicultural collaborative relationship. METHODS: The research utilised social constructivist theory and a decolonising, Te Tiriti o Waitangi lens. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with four registered social workers. An integrated narrative approach to analysis allowed for multiple narrative levels to be considered. The researcher and supervisor modelled a collaborative bicultural relationship in the research design process. FINDINGS: The article presents the process of research design and a critical reflection on the challenges and benefits of a collaborative bicultural supervision relationship. We argue that an interrogation of the cultural positioning of the researcher and supervisor is essential in research design in Aotearoa New Zealand. These were also reflected in the findings reported in a separate article in this issue (Deverick & Mooney, 2023). IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE, RESEARCH OR POLICY: Reflections of bicultural research will be of interest, particularly to other Pākehā, Tauiwi tauira interested in exploring how they can contribute to the bicultural discourse in research. Research supervisors may also be interested.

Registration of Transfer of Land Rights in the Justice-Based Indonesian Legal System

The transfer of land rights is one of the events and/or legal actions which resulted in the transfer of land rights from the owner to the party other. The transition can be intentional due to legal actions such as: buying and selling, leasing and so on, and also not intentional because of this legal events such as the transfer of rights due to inheritance. This study aims to analyze the current construction of regulation on the registration of transfer of land rights, and find the Registration of Transfer of Land Rights in the Indonesian Legal System Based on the Value of Justice. This type of research is qualitative research. This research uses a social legal research approach. The type of data used is primary and secondary data. Data analysis was done through descriptive analysis. The results of the study found that the registration of the transfer of land rights in not guaranteeing legal certainty and based on the value of justice. This is influenced by the land registration system used in Indonesia in the form of a negative publication system with a positive tendency. In a negative registration system (negative system) with a positive tendency, the government does not provide guarantees for legal certainty for holders of legal evidence (certificates). The government is also not responsible for the data and information contained in land rights certificates. Data and information are considered correct as long as no other party is suing. So it is necessary to reconstruct the regulation of the transfer of land rights from a negative system to a positive system.

A Complex Unit Interviews Analysis Approach in Qualitative Social Work Research

Abstract Qualitative research methods are advancing from individual analysis levels to dyadic and above to present multiple facets of reality, coinciding well with micro (individual), mezzo (family and groups) and macro (communities and society) levels in social work (SW) practices. Complex units (CU) comprise two groups with several members in each group, with each CU member having a perspective on the studied phenomenon; some perspectives are in congruence, others not. However, methodological approaches to the analysis of CUs are lacking. Based on the naturalistic–constructivist paradigm, this methodological article aims to present a Complex Unit Interviews Analysis (CUIA) approach that can be used in qualitative SW research. It includes a four-phase circular procedure: Phase 1—full analysis (i) familiarisation, (ii) coding, (iii) identifying themes; Phase 2—selective analysis of how a theme plays out in a CU (i) vertical analysis (across interviews within each CU group) and (ii) horizontal analysis (between groups of a CU); Phase 3—refining themes by analysis across CUs; Phase 4—conducting Phase 2 and Phase 3 for each theme identified in Phase 1. CUIA is illustrated using a family study case that presents multiple facets of a phenomenon’s reality by combining individual perspectives to form a CU perspective within SW and familial contexts.

The Ideal Concept of Regulation of Recovering State Financial Losses in Enforcement of Non-Criminal Corruption Laws Based on the Value of Justice

The negative impact caused by criminal acts of corruption covers various areas of life. Corruption is a serious problem, because it can endanger the stability and security of society, disrupt the process of socio-economic development, political stability and national morality. The purpose of this study is to analyze and find regulations for recovering state financial losses in law enforcement of corruption crimes that are not based on the value of justice. In conducting the analysis is to find weaknesses in the regulation of the return of state financial losses in the current enforcement of criminal acts of corruption. Then to find the reconstruction of regulations for recovering state financial losses in law enforcement of corruption based on the value of justice. As for conducting the research, the Constructivism Paradigm was used, with a social legal research approach, the data used were primary data and secondary data. Whereas the results of the research found (1) The Regulation of Recovering State Financial Losses in Law Enforcement of Corruption Crimes is Not Based on the Value of Justice, due to the blurring of the norms in Article 18 (1) b and paragraph (2) with Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption, states that the payment of replacement money in the maximum amount is the same as the property obtained from criminal acts of corruption. The implementation turned out that the payment of the replacement money was not in accordance with the amount of state financial losses. This can be seen in several judges' decisions, as well as in Article 18 paragraph (2) which is deemed less effective because many convicts who have been convicted of crimes in the form of paying replacement money in the end do not want to carry it out and then lose or transfer their property resulting in arrears in payment. replacement money penalty. This means that court decisions cannot be implemented, Reconstruction of Regulations in Recovering State Financial Losses in Law Enforcement of Corruption Crimes Based on the Value of Justice, including the reconstruction of legal norms in the provisions of Article 18 (1) b with Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, states that the payment of replacement money which is the same amount as possible for assets obtained from criminal acts of corruption, becomes Article 18 paragraph (1) letter b of the Corruption Law which states that the payment of replacement money is as much as the amount is the same as the property obtained from the criminal act of corruption which is equivalent to the value of the price of gold, and then related to Article 18 paragraph (2) with Law no. 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, Keywords: Reconstruction; Payment: money; Substitute: justice DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/131-07 Publication date: April 30 th 2023

Workshop on Comparative analysis of k populations with Non Parametric for Research in Social Sciences and Education

Data obtained from social science and education research is often in the form of categorical data, namely nominal or ordinal. This makes the parametric approach less appropriate for use in some social science and education data. One solution is to use a nonparametric approach. This underlies the holding of community service activities in a workshop on comparison analysis of k population with a nonparametric approach for social science research and education. Participants in this workshop consisted of academics and practitioners, and students from various study programs in Indonesia. The workshop was carried out by providing material and demonstrating using R software as an analytical tool, which was held online for two days. On the first day, the material presented was a nonparametric approach to the comparison of k independent populations along with a demonstration of using R software, while for k dependent populations along with a demonstration of using R software was given on the second day. Participants were given data on social sciences and education in providing materials and demos of the R software. Based on the results of questionnaires, observations, and questions and answers, participants seemed enthusiastic in participating in the R software's material and demo sessions. In addition, participants can perform various tests in a nonparametric approach for k independent and dependent populations using the R software. Participants can also provide an accurate interpretation of the output of the R software.

The devaluation of philosophical reflexivity in social research

ABSTRACT This paper argues that public accountability discourse and research quality processes designed to support it are associated with the validation of methodological approaches in social research which claim to capture the real condition of the social world and to remedy its ailments, supporting an expansion of representative modes of scholarship, and a technicist social research culture. Philosophically reflexive modes of thought in social research that offer an important check to power as knowledge are increasingly being marginalised. The paper concludes that the effects of discourse and practices of public accountability on methodological diversity in social research need to be considered in higher education critiques of power to resist this, necessarily entailing reflection upon the philosophical status of ‘objective knowledge’.

Crafting and recognising good enough autoethnographies: a practical guide and checklist

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide a practical guide and checklist for newcomers to autoethnography.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is grounded in autoethnographic methodology, functioning as a comprehensive teaching resource.FindingsWhen used as a learning resource, this study will enhance the work of beginning autoethnographers.Social implicationsAs an arts and humanities and social science-based research approach, autoethnography is a vital, creative methodology in advancing social justice in mental health.Originality/valueThis study, written by an experienced teacher, mentor and supervisor of the approach with an international reputation, is original in its provision of a comprehensive teaching resource in article form to assist the development of beginning autoethnographers.