Resilience Approach Research Articles

Adaptive Vulnerability Matching Assessment: A Holistic Approach for Cyber security Resilience

Abstract: In the rapidly evolving landscape of cyber security threats, organizations face the critical challenge of identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities to protect their digital assets. Organizations are left vulnerable to possible security incidents and breaches because traditional vulnerability assessment approaches frequently cannot keep up with the ever-changing nature of cyber threats. To address this challenge, we present Vulnerability Matching assessment, a comprehensive framework designed to enhance cyber security resilience through adaptive vulnerability management. The aim is to provide an efficient and userfriendly solution for identifying and addressing security vulnerabilities, which will ultimately enhance the overall security posture of the scanned software or systems. The program will provide users with comprehensive reports so they can fix the vulnerabilities found.

When Industry meets Trustworthy AI: A Systematic Review of AI for Industry 5.0

We are focusing on analyzing the current industrial evolution paradigm, aiming to make it more sustainable and trustworthy. In Industry 5.0, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the key technologies utilized to develop services with a sustainable, human-centric, and resilient approach. Understanding the factors enabling AI adoption in industry, while adhering to trustworthy principles, involves examining its incorporation in early stages, assessing its impact, and identifying emerging trends. Additionally, we aim to grasp the challenges and gaps in transitioning from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0,providing insights into the industry's readiness for new technologies. This offers practitioners new avenues to explore for fostering the adoption of trustworthy AI within the sector

A Resilient Approach to a Test Rig Setup in the Qualification of a Tilt Rotor Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Wing

The evolution of aircraft wing development has seen significant progress since the early days of aviation, with static testing emerging as a crucial aspect for ensuring safety and reliability. This study focused specifically on the engineering phase of static testing for the Clean Sky 2 T-WING project, which is dedicated to testing the innovative composite wing of the Next-Generation Civil Tiltrotor Technology Demonstrator. During the design phase, critical load cases were identified through shear force/bending moment (SFBM) and failure mode analyses. To qualify the wing, an engineering team designed a dedicated test rig equipped with hydraulic jacks to mirror the SFBM diagrams. Adhering to specifications and geometric constraints due to several factors, the jacks aimed to minimize the errors (within 5%) in replicating the diagrams. An effective algorithm, spanning five phases, was employed to pinpoint the optimal configuration. This involved analyzing significant components, conducting least square linear optimizations, selecting solutions that met the directional constraints, analyzing the Pareto front solutions, and evaluating the external jack forces. The outcome was a test rig setup with a viable set of hydraulic jack forces, achieving precise SFBM replication on the wing with minimal jacks and overall applied forces.

Do It Yourself! Collaborative Processes for Inclusive Design and Capacity Building in Louisiana (USA)

This paper delves into integrating technological and social innovations in design through a community-oriented, resilient approach, emphasizing care and sustainability. It explores resource management’s application to the local environment and education, focusing on adaptable spaces, active collaboration, and innovative solutions for environmental and social challenges. Developed within the EU Marie Curie-funded TREnD project, it combines ‘transition’ and ‘resilience-building’ processes, framing co-creation solutions and tailored innovation policies. The research group conducted theoretical and empirical research in the EU and USA, introducing a place-sensitive approach in managing transition through technological diversification. A case study in Ruston (LA, USA), Camp Alabama, exemplifies inclusive design through circular design and low-tech construction, creating adaptable pavilions for the community. Collaborating with MedCamps of Louisiana, the project designs a shared and inclusive space within budget constraints, emphasizing the pivotal role of architecture in advancing community well-being. Employing a bottom-up approach, the practice engages users, students, teachers, and local stakeholders in co-design, resulting in a people-based citadel of care. Outcomes feature high-design technological projects produced through a “low-tech” approach, allowing adaptability in urban regeneration. The 2023 project received awards, showcasing progress and the potential for replication through standardized methodology. Additional outcomes include educational benefits, training architects for societal needs, and regenerating urban areas by exploiting local resources.

Impacts of earthquake damage on commercial life: A RS and GIS based case study of Kahramanmaraş earthquakes

Earthquakes have negative impacts on societies, both socially and economically, and can disrupt daily life in the affected region. The economic impact of earthquakes is typically analyzed by economists through material losses. However, considering the role and importance of geospatial information, this study aims to develop a new method to analyze the negative impact of earthquakes on economic life by detecting the physical damage in commercial land uses. Within this context, the study uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing capabilities to detect damaged commercial units based on Point of Interest (POI) data in the Antakya and Defne districts of Hatay, one of the 11 provinces heavily destroyed in Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Türkiye that occurred on February 6, 2023, with magnitudes of 7.7 and 7.6 Mw. The study, utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing technologies, has provided valuable information on the extent of earthquake-related economic losses in the Antakya and Defne districts of Hatay. Analysis of the point of interest (POI) data shows that 55 % of commercial locations, particularly those in metropolitan centers, were negatively impacted. This significant number emphasizes the deep susceptibility of commercial infrastructure to seismic events and emphasizes the vital necessity for specific recovery and resilience approaches. Methodological novelties enable quick identification of critical services needed for urgent disaster response and improve the accuracy of damage estimates, which are crucial for optimizing resource allocation procedures and providing decision-makers with comprehensive spatial data for strategic planning. The study highlights the importance of geospatial technologies in fully understanding the economic impacts of earthquakes and the role of commercial disruption on disaster preparedness, response, and recovery.

Working Capital Management in Times of Crisis in Kenya

This study examines the role of working capital management in sustaining businesses, specifically during times of crisis like economic downturns or pandemics such as COVID-19. The study emphasizes the need for proactive strategies that can effectively manage uncertainties, preserve liquidity, and ensure business continuity despite disruptions in sales, supply chains, and credit risks. Drawing on a comprehensive literature review, the study highlights the importance of organizational resilience and proactive approaches to working capital management in addressing challenges during crises. Additionally, the paper thoroughly examines strategies including cash management, inventory management, and accounts receivable management, emphasizing the importance of thorough assessment, proactive planning, and strategic decision-making. In summary, the study underscores the importance of efficient working capital management as a key factor in enabling companies to successfully overcome crises and emerge stronger and more resilient.

Push, pull, dance: Approaches to address labour abuse in public health supply chains

The response to COVID-19 generated an unprecedented global demand for medical equipment and personal protective equipment (PPE). This article explores how states have exercised their leverage and used regulatory tools to address human and labour rights violations, mainly forced labour, when procuring PPE. In particular, it analyses three tools used before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: trade import restrictions, transparency in supply chain regulation and public procurement processes. These tools are explored in relation to three states: the US, the UK and Sweden. This article argues that no single system currently provides a comprehensive and adequate response to human rights abuses in public supply chains, but that a combination of all of them in some form could provide the basis for a more effective and resilient approach – not only during a crisis, but also in the longer term, and may prove more capable to address systemic abuse.

Integration of Modified Classical Conjugate Gradient Methods for Unconstrained Optimization

The integration of modified classical conjugate gradient methods (CGMs) for unconstrained optimization represents a crucial and evolving area of research within the field of optimization algorithms. Over time, numerous studies have put forth diverse modifications and novel approaches to enhance the effectiveness of classical CGMs. These modifications aim to address specific challenges and improve the overall performance of optimization algorithms in unconstrained scenarios. In order to tackle unconstrained optimization challenges and improve our understanding of their synergies, this ongoing study aims to unify different modified classical CGMs. Conventional CGMs have proven effective for optimization tasks, and a range of different approaches have been produced by carefully modifying these techniques. The main goal of this paper is to combine these modified versions, with particular attention to those that have similar numerators. The integration process involves systematically merging the advantageous aspects of these modified methods to develop not only innovative but also more resilient approaches to unconstrained optimization problems. The ultimate goal of this unification effort is to capitalize on the strengths inherent in different approaches to create a cohesive framework that significantly improves overall optimization performance. To thoroughly assess the efficacy of the integrated methods, a series of comprehensive performance tests are conducted. These tests include a meticulous comparison of outcomes with those of classical CGMs, providing valuable insights into the relative strengths and weaknesses of the modified approaches across diverse optimization scenarios. The evaluation criteria encompass convergence rates, solution accuracy, and computational efficiency. The conclusive outcome demonstrates that the unified approaches consistently outperform individual methods across all three crucial evaluation criteria.

Carbon storage and economic efficiency of fruit-based systems in semi-arid region: a symbiotic approach for sustainable agriculture and climate resilience

Enhancing our understanding of carbon (C) stock in diverse horticulture and fruit-based agroforestry systems has potential to provide farmers with supplementary advantages in terms of poverty alleviation and livelihood development which can significantly benefit C market initiatives like UN-REDD (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation). Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the biomass accumulation, C storage and economic efficacy of seven agro-ecosystems, namely guava-based agri-horticulture system (AHS), mango-AHS, guava- pure orchard (PO), mango-PO, Indian gooseberry -PO, teak boundary plantation (TBP) and annual cropping system (ACS) under two different landscape positions viz., upland and lowland in the semi-arid region of Vindhyan ranges. The result indicated that mango-AHS accumulated significantly (p < 0.05) higher biomass (26.01 t ha−1) and vegetation C density (13.01 t C ha−1) whereas, soil (35.23 t C ha−1), litter (0.64 t C ha−1), and total C density (46.63 t C ha−1) was maximum under mango-PO closely followed by mango-AHS. The guava-PO system exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) higher C sequestration (2.11 t C ha−1 yr−1), and CO2 abatement (7.76 t CO2 ha−1 yr−1) rate compared to other systems with C credit generation of 129.76 US$ ha−1 year−1. However, mango-AHS was the most lucrative system providing net returns of 4835.48 US$ ha−1 yr−1 and 5.87 benefit–cost ratio. The C credits help in getting farmers an additional income; however, the economic impact of C credit was low (1.16–6.80%) when weighed against the overall economic efficacy of the different systems. Overall, the study concluded that farmers in the region should adopt fruit-based systems, especially agroforestry systems to establish mutually beneficial relationships between mitigation of climate change and livelihood stability.Graphical

The impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on the resilience of established cross- border supply chains

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effect of Industry 4.0 technology on resilience in established cross-border supply chain(s) (SC).Design/methodology/approachA literature review provides insight into the resilience capabilities of cross-border SC. The research uses a case study of operational international SC: the producers, importers, logistics companies and UK Government (UKG) departments. Semi-structured interviews determine the resilience capabilities and approaches of participants within cross-border SC and how implementing an Industry 4.0 Internet of Things (IoT) and capitals Distributed Ledger (blockchain) based technology platform changes SC resilience capabilities and approaches.FindingsA blockchain-based platform introduces common assured data, reducing data duplication. When combined with IoT technology, the platform improves end-to-end SC visibility and information sharing. Industry 4.0 technology builds collaboration, trust, improved agility, adaptability and integration. It enables common resilience capabilities and approaches that reduce the de-coupling between government agencies and participants of cross-border SC.Research limitations/implicationsThe case study presents challenges specific to UKG’s customs border operations; research needs to be repeated in different contexts to confirm findings are generalisable.Practical implicationsOperational SC and UKG customs and excise departments must align their resilience strategies to gain full advantage of Industry 4.0 technologies.Originality/valueCase study research shows how Industry 4.0 technology reduces the de-coupling between the SC and UKG, enhancing common resilience capabilities within established cross-border operations. Improved information sharing and SC visibility provided by IoT and blockchain technologies support the development of resilience in established cross-border SC and enhance interactions with UKG at the customs border.

Resilient exponential tracking for disturbed systems with communication links faults

Resilience is to appraise the ability of disturbed systems to recover cooperative performance after suffering from failures or disturbances. In this paper, the improvement on the exponential tracking resilience for disturbed Euler–Lagrange systems is explored by settling the unknown time-variant faults imposed on the communication interaction between agents. First, we transform the resilient exponential tracking problem into designing the trajectory and velocity observers for leaders, and showcase that the proposed observers are resilient to communication interaction malfunctions. Second, a disturbance observer is manifested to estimate disturbances precisely, which is needless to know the upper bound of disturbance. The reliable observers and estimator are incorporated into the resilient tracking control frame. Further, the global exponential stabilization of the tracking systems is performed by utilizing the Lyapunov theory. Moreover, benefiting from feasible and reliable observation and estimation results, the proposed control framework enables to realize a satisfactory resilient exponential tracking performance even in the case of communication links faults (CLFs) and disturbances. Comprehensive studies are executed on a group of satellite systems, and the simulations results verify the effectiveness of the proposed resilient approaches in a time-variant tracking case.

Public Health Strategies in the Face of Crisis: A Comprehensive Review of the Zika Outbreak in India.

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the public health strategies employed during the Zika outbreak in India, focusing on the identification, surveillance, and containment efforts. The multifaceted approach, including vector control measures, healthcare infrastructure enhancement, and public communication strategies, played a pivotal role in mitigating the impact of the virus. Government policies and international collaborations emerged as influential factors, underscoring the significance of a coordinated response to infectious disease crises. The study emphasizes the importance of ongoing vigilance and preparedness in public health systems, acknowledging the dynamic nature of emerging infectious diseases. The Zika outbreak in India serves as a valuable case study, offering insights into the strengths and weaknesses of crisis management responses. As the global community faces ongoing health challenges, the lessons learned from this review contribute to refining strategies, improving coordination, and fostering a proactive and resilient approach to safeguarding public health.

Between Tradition and Modernity: Dynamics of Krobo Marriage Rites in the Eastern Region of Ghana

Purpose of the Study: This research delves into the dynamic evolution of marriage rites within the Krobo community in Eastern Ghana, focusing on the 'la-pomi' and 'fia' ceremonies. Methodology: Employing a qualitative approach, the study utilized narrative analysis to capture the intricate perspectives surrounding the 'la-pomi' and 'fia' marriage rites. Twenty-four participants from Krobo-Odumase and its environs, aged between 20 to 60 years, were purposively sampled and interviewed in two phases. Main Findings: The study unveiled a significant transformation in the Krobo marriage rites, from highly structured ceremonies to more adaptable forms blending traditional elements with modern practices. Key factors driving this evolution include urbanization, the influence of Western education, and the interplay with legal frameworks, all contributing to the rites' ongoing adaptation. Despite these changes, a strong commitment to preserving cultural identity remains evident among the Krobo people, showcasing their resilience and innovative approaches to sustaining cultural traditions. Applications of this Study: By highlighting the adaptive strategies employed by the Krobo community, this research contributes to broader discussions on cultural sustainability, identity, and social cohesion in the face of global changes. Novelty/Originality: This research underscores the complex negotiation process between preserving cultural heritage and embracing change, offering a unique perspective on the resilience and dynamism of Krobo cultural practices in a rapidly changing world.

Optimizing Tsunami Evacuation Routes in Padang City, Indonesia: A Transportation Infrastructure Resilience Approach

Optimizing Tsunami Evacuation Routes in Padang City, Indonesia: A Transportation Infrastructure Resilience Approach

Advanced machine learning approach for DoS attack resilience in internet of vehicles security

Recent years have witnessed security as a great concern in vehicular networks (VANET). Particularly, Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks can jeopardize the network by broadcasting a storm of packets. Correspondingly, the network resources are jammed with malicious traffic. In this connection, the existing research presented various techniques to cope with DoS and DDoS attacks. Different from those traditional approaches, this study proposes an Intelligent Intrusion Detection System (IDS) by leveraging Machine Learning (ML). The proposed IDS utilizes a publicly available dataset on the application layer for mitigating DDoS attacks. The designed ML-based IDS relies on combining both the Random Projection (RP) and Randomized Matrix Factorization (RMF) methods to achieve the best results for enhancing the detection capabilities of the IDS. This amalgamation enhances the system's detection capabilities by extracting and analyzing meaningful features from network traffic data. Experimental validation of our approach involves a comprehensive evaluation of various ML models, including Extra Tree Classifier (ETC), Logistic Regression (LR), and Random Forest (RF). Remarkably, the combined accuracy of these models yields an average system accuracy of 0.98, surpassing existing methods. Unlike conventional approaches, our proposed IDS excels in efficiency and exhibits notable performance in detecting DoS and DDoS attacks in VANET. This proficiency ensures the integrity and safety of vehicle communications. Thus, our research substantially contributes to the vehicular network security field. The presented findings establish a foundation for future advancements in securing connected vehicles.

Enhancing Coastal Risk Recognition: Assessing UAVs for Monitoring Accuracy and Implementation in a Digital Twin Framework

This paper addresses the intricate challenges of coastal management, particularly in rapidly forming tidal flats, emphasizing the need for innovative monitoring strategies. The dynamic coastal topography, exemplified by a newly formed tidal flat in Shanghai, underscores the urgency of advancements in coastal risk recognition. By utilizing a digital twin framework integrated with state-of-the-art unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), we systematically evaluate three configurations and identify the optimal setup incorporating real-time kinematics (RTK) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR). This UAV configuration excels in efficiently mapping the 3D coastal terrain. It has an error of less than 0.1 m when mapping mudflats at an altitude of 100 m. The integration of UAV data with a precise numerical ocean model forms the foundation of our dynamic risk assessment framework. The results showcase the transformative potential of the digital twin framework, providing unparalleled accuracy and efficiency in coastal risk recognition. Visualization through Unity Engine or Unreal Engine enhances accessibility, fostering community engagement and awareness. By predicting and simulating potential risks in real-time, this study offers a forward-thinking strategy for mitigating coastal dangers. This research not only contributes a comprehensive strategy for coastal risk management but also sets a precedent for the integration of cutting-edge technologies in safeguarding coastal ecosystems. The findings are significant in paving the way for a more resilient and sustainable approach to coastal management, addressing the evolving environmental pressures on our coastlines.

Syncretism and Cultural Resilience: The Coexistence and Evolution of Traditional Itolimin and Christian Burial Practices in Esanland, Nigeria

Purpose of the Study: This research aims to uncover how traditional second burial rites coexist with and have adapted to Christian funeral norms, reflecting the socio-religious negotiation in a postcolonial context. Methodology: Employing a qualitative ethnographic approach, the study gathered data through semi-structured interviews with local chiefs, elders, and adults, alongside observations and an extensive review of related literature. Participants were selected based on their deep knowledge of Esan customs and involvement in the Itolimin practice. Main Findings: The study revealed that Itolimin, while embracing certain Christian elements, remains a vital cultural practice that reinforces the community's moral and social order. The rite's evolution showcases the Esan people's ability to blend traditional and Christian values, thereby preserving their cultural identity amidst religious changes. This syncretism illustrates the community's broader cultural resilience and adaptation approach in a rapidly changing religious landscape. Applications of this Study: Insights from this study apply to the broader discourse on funeral practices in postcolonial societies, providing a framework for cultural preservation amidst religious transformation. It is relevant for policymakers and public health officials regarding community health and burial practices. The findings also offer a basis for developing contextual theological education that respects indigenous beliefs within Christian teachings. Novelty/Originality: This study provides a unique contribution to the understanding of funeral rituals within African postcolonial societies by documenting the living tradition of Itolimin. It highlights how syncretism acts as a dynamic cultural force, shaping the way communities like the Esan negotiate identity and religious practice in a contemporary Christian-dominated context.

Byzantine-Robust Decentralized Learning via Remove-then-Clip Aggregation

We consider decentralized learning over a network of workers with heterogeneous datasets, in the presence of Byzantine workers. Byzantine workers may transmit arbitrary or malicious values to neighboring workers, leading to degradation in overall performance. The heterogeneous nature of the training data across various workers complicates the identification and mitigation of Byzantine workers. To address this complex problem, we introduce a resilient decentralized learning approach that combines the gradient descent algorithm with a novel robust aggregator. Specifically, we propose a remove-then-clip aggregator, whereby each benign worker meticulously filters the neighbors' values and subsequently projects the remaining values to a sphere centered at its local value, with an appropriately selected radius. We prove that our proposed method converges to a neighborhood of a stationary point for non-convex objectives under standard assumptions. Furthermore, empirical evaluations are provided to demonstrate the superior performance of our method in comparison to existing algorithms, under various Byzantine attack models.

Conceptualizing heat vulnerability: equity-centered approaches for comprehensive resilience in a changing climate

Conceptualizing heat vulnerability: equity-centered approaches for comprehensive resilience in a changing climate

Cyber Resilience Approaches for Cyber Physical Systems

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) integrate physical processes with computing, communication, and control systems to increase efficiency, reliability, and safety. However, these systems are also vulnerable to cyber attacks, which could have severe consequences, such as loss of life, property damage, and economic disruption. To ensure the safety and security of modern society, it is crucial to ensure that CPS are cyber- resilient, meaning they can continue to function and recover from cyber attacks. This requires a multi-faceted approach that includes secure design, risk assessment, monitoring and response, redundancy and backup, and training and education. By implementing these strategies, organizations can improve the cyber resilience of their CPS, reducing the risk of cyber attacks and promoting the safety and security of modern society.