Unification Approach Research Articles

Latest supernova data in the framework of the generalized Chaplygin gas model

We use the most recent Type Ia supernova data in order to study the dark energy–dark matter (XCDM) unification approach in the context of the generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model. Rather surprisingly, we find that data allow models with α > 1. We have studied how the GCG adjusts flat and non-flat models, and our results show that GCG is consistent with a flat case up to 68 per cent confidence level. Actually this holds even if one relaxes the flat prior assumption. We have also analysed what one should expect from a future experiment such as the Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP). We find that there is a degeneracy between the GCG model and an XCDM model with a phantom-like dark energy component.

The Causal and Unification Approaches to Explanation Unified—Causally

AbstractTwo major modern accounts of explanation are the causal and the unification accounts. My aim in this paper is to provide a kind of unification of the two, by using the central technical apparatus of the unification account to solve a central problem faced by the causal account, namely, the problem of determining which parts of a causal network are explanatorily relevant to the occurrence of an explanandum. The result is a causal account of explanation that has many of the advantages of the unification account.

Similarity-based unification: a multi-adjoint approach

The aim of this paper is to build a formal model for similarity-based fuzzy unification in multi-adjoint logic programs. Specifically, a general framework of logic programming which allows the simultaneous use of different implications in the rules and rather general connectives in the bodies is introduced, then a procedural semantics for this framework is presented, and an approximative-completeness theorem proved. On this computational model, a similarity-based unification approach is constructed by simply adding axioms of fuzzy similarities and using classical crisp unification which provides a semantic framework for logic programming with different notions of similarity.

Making OutSourcing happen with Balanced ScoreCard – A Unification Approach Paper

In today's cutthroat competitive environment, we need a tool, which incorporates the Scalable Strategic perspective or in other words quantification of being of an organization. Today we have convergence of a number of forces that have changed our business environment. These would include: 1) the competitive pressures of global economy, 2) fast changing technologies and niche competitors that can change industries overnight, and 3) institutional investors who demand a focused management that delivers bottom line results, adding to shareholder value. Also, the information available to shareholders and their ability to analyze and measure performance has advanced dramatically. These and other forces have awakened management. Moreover purely on financial perspective, any value-additive model should work on a strategy of cost reduction for all Fixed Variable and cost. Human Cost at first glance will look like overlapping cost between fixed and variable cost, for how it is a different cost all together.

Gasification of Seven Coals in Carbon Dioxide at Elevated Temperatures and High Heating Rates: Unification Approach of Reactivity.

Studies on coal gasification in CO 2 at elevated temperatures and high heating rates are necessary to develop IGCC technology. Coal gasification is a very complicated phenomenon, which makes a generalized understanding and description of gasification reactivity of a coal highly important. With a unique fluidized bed, the reactivity of seven coals was investigated at elevated temperatures and high heating rates. A modified random pore model was proposed to unify the gasification reactivity of coals obtained by us. It was identified that the coal reactivity can be unified with a master curve described by the new model for all the coals, temperatures and heating rates examined in this work. This model can also satisfactorily unify the experimental gasification data in literature. The modified random pore model can predict the experimental data with an error within about 5%. The error of the prediction by the modified random pore model is about one-third smaller than that of the prediction by the random pore model. It is recommended as a sub-model for simulation of coal gasification in practical gasifiers.

A Multi-Adjoint Approach to Similarity-Based Unification

A formal model for similarity-based fuzzy unification in multi-adjoint logic programs is presented. On this computational model, a similarity-based unification approach is constructed by simply adding axioms of fuzzy similarities and using classical crisp unification which provides a semantic framework for logic programming with different notions of similarity.

Preface: Volume 66, Issue 5

This part of the volume contains the papers accepted for presentation at the workshop on Unification in Non-Classical Logics (UNCL), co-located with ICALP 2002, which took place on July 12, 2002 in M\\'alaga, Spain.The workshop was concerned with one of the most promising areas of research on non-classical logics and its applications. Unification in non-classical logics, with various approaches to handling generalised terms, has drawn more and more attention in recent years. So far, most popular lines of research include fuzzy unification of (conventional) databases and the use of fuzzy concepts in information retrieval.This workshop was conceived as a forum for the exchange of ideas relevant for the concept of unification in non-classical logics, including, but not limited to, the topics of: •Unification in multiple-valued and fuzzy logic programming.•Unification based on similarities and fuzzy equivalence relations.•Categorical unification.•Practical use of non-classical unification, e.g. in expert systems and information retrieval.The program committee selected six papers after a reviewing process in which each submitted paper received at least two reviews. Considerable effort was devoted for the evaluation of the submissions and to providing the authors with helpful feedback. The criteria for selection were originality, quality, and relevance to the topic of the workshop.Alsinet et al reviewed and compared two models which extend first order possibilistic logic in order to enable fuzzy unification. The extension considers mainly fuzzy constants, and in form of restrictions on existential quantifiers.Banerjee and Bujosa presented a non-classical interpretion of classical unification in terms of geometrical constructions over a suitable R-module M. The main result is that unification of two terms can be seen as the intersection of their corresponding affine varieties on M. This paves the way of using methods from computer algebra in the field of unification.In Eklund et al, substitutions and unifiers appear as constructs in Kleisli categories related to particular composed powerset term monads. It is shown that an often used similarity-based approach to fuzzy unification is compatible with the categorical approach, and can be adequately extended.Kutsia presented a unification procedure for a theory with individual and sequence variables, free fixed and flexible arity function symbols and patterns. These theories have been used in different contexts such as databases, rewriting, programming languages, or theorem proving.Medina et al introduced a formal model for similarity-based fuzzy unification in multi-adjoint logic programs. On this computational model, a similarity-based unification approach which provides a semantic framework for logic programming with different notions of similarity was constructed.Virtanen introduced unification in similarity-based logic programming. One of the crucial points is the definition of similarity degrees between sets, giving rise to [lambda]-interpretations. The selection of so called most significant terms again is one of the cornerstones of the paper.We would like to thank all those who submitted papers for consideration, the authors of accepted papers for their interesting discussions during the workshop, the additional referees for their careful work, and Inma Fortes from the local organising committee for her assistance.

A layered architecture for uniform version management

Version management is a key part of software configuration management. A big variety of version models has been realized in both commercial systems and research prototypes. These version models differ with respect to the objects put under version control (files, directories, entities, objects), the organization of versions (version graphs versus multidimensional version spaces), the granularity of versioning (whole software products versus individual components), emphasis on states versus emphasis on changes (state-versus change-based versioning), rules for version selection, etc. We present a uniform version model-and its support architecture-for software configuration management. Unlike other unification approaches, such as UML for object-oriented modeling, we do not assemble all the concepts having been introduced in previous systems. Instead, we define a base model that is built on a small number of concepts. Specific version models may be expressed in terms of this base model. Our approach to uniform version management is distinguished by its underlying layered architecture. Unlike the main stream of software configuration management systems, our instrumentable version engine is completely orthogonal to the data model used for representing software objects and their relationships. In addition, we introduce version rules at the bottom of the layered architecture and employ them as a uniform mechanism for expressing different version models. This contrasts to the main stream solution, where a specific version model-usually version graphs-is deeply built into the system and version rules are dependent on this model.

10.1109/IUCE.2009.46

The implications of metamorphic technology have been far-reaching and pervasive. By means of research into evolutionary programming, we prove the improvement of the World Wide Web, which embodies the structured principles of distributed electrical engineering. We describe a robust tool for analyzing consistent hashing, which we call OUL. The main contribution of our work is that we introduced an approach for the significant unification of checksums and e-commerce OUL, verifying that Web services and model checking can collaborate to realize this goal. One profound advantage of OUL is that it may be able to cache telephony. Another potentially advantage of OUL is that it can emulate client-server symmetries. We also presented a trainable tool for visualizing XML. The evaluation of cache coherence is more key than ever, and our framework helps steganographers do just that.

Unification Approach to the Separation Axioms Between T0 and Completely Hausdorff

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new weak separation axiom that generalizes the separation properties between T1 and completely Hausdorff. We call a topological space (X, τ) a Tκ,ξ-space if every compact subset of X with cardinality ≦ κ is ξ-closed, where ξ is a general closure operator. We concentrate our attention mostly on two new concepts: kd-spaces and T1/3-spaces.

Warfare and Western Manufactures: A Case Study of Explanation in Anthropology

I use an explanation of Yanomami warfare given by the anthropologist Brian Ferguson as a case study to compare the merits of the causal and unification approaches to explanation. I argue that Ferguson's insistence on explaining actual occurrences and patterns of Yanomami warfare together with his claim that all of his generalizations are statistical raises difficulties for the unification approach, because of its commitment to “deductive chauvinism.” Moreover, I show that there are serious difficulties involved in comparing the “unifying power” of Ferguson's explanations to those of his competitors. I show that the causal approach can provide a rich analysis of Ferguson's explanation while avoiding these difficulties.

Changing approach to teaching electromagnetism in a conceptually oriented introductory physics course

An approach emphasizing the complementarity of electric and magnetic fields within a weak relativistic approximation is suggested as a basis for presenting electromagnetism in an introductory university physics course. Within the electromagnetic unification approach, “magnetic force” and “electromagnetic induction” are each taught in a manner consistent with mechanics from a qualitative relativistic point of view. The Lorentz force and the magnetic flux rule are treated similarly, linking electrical and magnetic phenomena and improving the integrity and self-consistency of the course. The status of Faraday’s integral law is discussed and is shown to be of limited validity in this context.

A functional layer for description logics

The paper motivates the facilities provided by Description Logics in an object-oriented programming scenario. It presents a unification approach of Description Logics and object-oriented programming that allows both views to be conveniently used for different subproblems in a modern software-engineering environment. The main thesis of this paper is that in order to use Description Logics in practical applications, a seamless integration with object-oriented system development methodologies must be realized.

A Typology in the Higher-Order Unification Approach to Ellipsis: The Implications of Japanese Post-Verbal Expressions

Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on Semantic Typology and Semantic Universals (1993)

Patterns of fermion condensation and compositeSU 5 gauge bosons

In the framework of theSU5 unification approach we consider underlying gauge fermions as the possible common origin of the effective fermions, gauge and Higgs bosons. To establish the gauge aspects on a purely fermionic level, it is most convenient to introduce the gauge fermions as ghost states for which we propose the use of a confining group to maintain a meaningful probability interpretation. Gauge couplings can be determined, the Anderson Higgs phenomenon arises by fermion condensation from a renormalizable four-fermion interaction. The grand and weak breakdown of theSU5 group are considered in some detail.