Practical Approach Research Articles

Agropastoralist Community-led Restoration of Degraded Drylands: Factors Influencing Adoption of Soil Conservation Practices in Semi-arid Regions of Kenya

Background: The conventional approach of soil conservation practices in degraded drylands has shown little success. Lack of knowledge on factors influencing inhabitants of such regions to adopt appropriate conservation practices is the primary cause of low adoption. This is because the disseminators of conservation practices assume a one-fit-all design, resulting in a disconnect between them and farmers. Thus, this study aimed to understand factors influencing soil conservation practices in agropastoral dryland communities of semi-arid lowland West Pokot, with a particular interest in terraces. Methods: A concurrent mixed-method approach embedded in a cross-sectional survey was used and data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and field measurements of existing terrace attributes. Data were subjected to descriptive analysis, Spearman’s rho correlation, Kruskal Wallis and Chi-Square Test of Independence. Result: The community-driven approaches, gender, size of land and topography are key factors contributing to terrace adoption. Sixty percent of farmers living in degraded high-sloped lands have portions of their farms terraced with average terrace dyke volumes of 103.8±21.45 m³, 105.89±33.13 m³ and 129.6±15.97 m³ for highly sloped, relatively flat and moderately sloppy areas respectively. The study further established terrace dyke sedimentation and limited terrace embarkment reinforcement options as the major challenges facing terracing adoption in the region.

Optimizing Agricultural Waste By-Products: A Machine Learning Approach for Sustainable Construction Practices

Optimizing Agricultural Waste By-Products: A Machine Learning Approach for Sustainable Construction Practices

An Integrated MCDM-Based Mathematical Modeling Approach for Sustainable Practices of Vermicomposting in Educational Institutions

An Integrated MCDM-Based Mathematical Modeling Approach for Sustainable Practices of Vermicomposting in Educational Institutions

Innovative Approaches in Therapeutic Practices: The Framework of Belief Coding and reg;

Innovative Approaches in Therapeutic Practices: The Framework of Belief Coding and reg;

Advantages and Challenges of Using Antimicrobial Peptides in Synergism with Antibiotics for Treating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) have become a global threat, impairing positive outcomes in many cases of infectious diseases. Treating bacterial infections with antibiotic monotherapy has become a huge challenge in modern medicine. Although conventional antibiotics can be efficient against many bacteria, there is still a need to develop antimicrobial agents that act against MDR bacteria. Bioactive peptides, particularly effective against specific types of bacteria, are recognized for their selective and effective action against microorganisms and, at the same time, are relatively safe and well tolerated. Therefore, a growing number of works have proposed the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in synergism with commercial antibiotics as an alternative therapeutic strategy. This review provides an overview of the critical parameters for using AMPs in synergism with antibiotics as well as addressing the strengths and weaknesses of this combination therapy using in vitro and in vivo models of infection. We also cover the challenges and perspectives of using this approach for clinical practice and the advantages of applying artificial intelligence strategies to predict the most promising combination therapies between AMPs and antibiotics.

التحديات المهنية والأخلاقية للصحافة الاستقصائية وعلاقتها بالممارسة الصحافية

The study aimed to identify the professional and ethical challenges of investigative journalism and its relationship to journalistic practice, relying on the media survey approach, by conducting a field survey on an available sample of (240) male and female journalists practicing journalism in press and media institutions in Jordan, by relying on the gatekeeper theory, and the approach of pressures and professional practices. The results of the study showed that (63.7%) of Jordanian journalists did not practice investigative journalism in their journalistic work, while the most prominent reasons for not practicing investigative journalism were: lack of interest in investigative journalism (26.9%), lack of freedom in investigative journalism (19.6%), and low level of experience sufficient to practice investigative work. The results showed that the most prominent professional and ethical challenges of investigative journalism were challenges related to the use of digital technology with mean of (4.39), then challenges of professional ethics (4.36), then professional principles (4.34), then editorial policy (4.03), then methods of managing and organizing journalistic work (4.21), and the results concluded that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the impact of the professional and ethical challenges of investigative journalism, and the professional principles that investigative journalists adhere to.

PLANNING AND CONTROL FOR TIMBER CONSTRUCTION: STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY

Timber construction has emerged as a leading approach in sustainable building practices due to its renewable nature and carbon storage capabilities. This article explores the critical aspects of planning and controlling timber construction, focusing on efficiency, sustainability, and addressing specific challenges. Key considerations such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), prefabrication, moisture management, regulatory compliance, and project control mechanisms are discussed. The article underscores the importance of leveraging technology and sustainability strategies to optimize the economic and environmental potential of timber construction.

Mechanical and microstructural properties of fiber-reinforced basalt rock cutting waste-based geopolymer composites exposed to high temperatures.

Managing basalt rock cutting waste in an environmentally responsible manner is crucial to mitigate its negative impacts and protect both the environment and human health. Recycling basalt rock cutting waste in geopolymer applications offers multiple environmental, economic, and performance benefits, making it a promising approach for sustainable construction practices. For this purpose, this study concerns about the performance of fiber-reinforced basalt rock-cutting waste-based geopolymer composites at high temperatures up to 1000°C. Geopolymer composites were manufactured by activating basalt rock cutting waste with sodium silicate. Alongside the fiber-free mixtures, fiber-reinforced geopolymer composites incorporating 0.5% and 1.0% basalt or polypropylene fibers by volume were synthesized. These composites underwent thermal curing at 100°C for two distinct durations: 8h and 24h. In addition, the geopolymer composites were subjected to thermal exposure at three different temperatures: 600°C, 800°C, and 1000°C. Changes in the strength and weights of the composites were determined after high-temperature exposure. In addition, XRD and SEM/EDX analyses were performed on the selected composites to investigate the changes in the microstructure of the composites. Thermal curing time and fiber content had significant influence on the high-temperature performance of the geopolymer composites. In this study, geopolymer mortars based on basalt rock cutting waste were successfully developed, demonstrating resistance to elevated temperatures up to 1000°C. No reduction in compressive strength was observed in any of the composites when exposed to 600°C, 800°C, and 1000°C. In fact, an increase in strength was recorded at varying rates, compared to the pre-exposure values.

Optimism as a Predictor of Resilience in Aging: Counseling Approaches and Interventions

This study explores the relationship between optimism and resilience among elderly individuals in Salatiga, aiming to determine whether optimism significantly influences resilience within this population. Utilizing a quantitative correlational design, the study involved 94 elderly participants, including those living independently and in nursing homes. Data were collected using the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and analyzed using statistical methods to assess the relationship between the two psychological constructs. The findings revealed no significant correlation between optimism and resilience, suggesting that resilience in the elderly is influenced by a broader range of factors beyond just an optimistic outlook. These results emphasize the complexity of resilience in older adults and the necessity for a comprehensive approach in guidance and counseling practices. Effective interventions should encompass not only strategies to enhance optimism but also focus on boosting self-esteem, social support, spirituality, and positive emotions, while also considering cultural and cognitive factors associated with aging. This holistic approach is crucial for supporting the elderly in maintaining their psychological well-being and overall quality of life. The study's implications extend to the design of elderly care environments and community-based interventions, highlighting the need for settings that promote resilience through a multifaceted approach.

Biomechanical disparities in pankration: A comparative computational analysis of ancient and contemporary techniques

Abstract Study aim: The study analyzed biomechanical similarities and differences between ancient and modern sports techniques, focusing on pankration. It examined historical artifacts and modern pankration scenes to elucidate biomechanical developments over time. Material and methods: OpenPose was employed for this analysis, focusing on both ancient depictions of pankration and contemporary pankration footage. The methodology involved collecting and analyzing depictions of archaeological artifacts, examining video performances frame by frame, and applying computational analysis to determine the Cartesian two-dimensional coordinates of joints. Comparative vector mapping and kinematic analyses were used for assessment. Results: The analysis revealed distinct biomechanical patterns between ancient and modern pankration techniques. It was found that ancient techniques primarily leverage gravity for movement execution, while modern techniques emphasize the utilization of muscular capacity. This distinction indicates a transformation in biomechanical strategy, shifting from a gravity-focused approach in ancient practices to a muscle-focused approach in modern practices. Conclusions: The research highlights the differences between ancient and modern pankration, emphasizing punching and kicking techniques. These changes reflect broader shifts in athletic practices over time, influenced by cultural and historical factors, and similar disciplines. The study not only enhances our understanding of ancient sports biomechanics but also opens avenues for future exploration of other ancient athletic disciplines using current computational methods.

The Transformative Impact of Digital Technologies on Modern Dentistry: A Narrative Review of the Applications and Benefits

Developments in technology, materials, and treatment methods have a strong impact on dentistry that has undergone a significant transition in recent years. The primary objective of this article is to comprehensively review the evolution of digital dentistry, focusing on the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as three-dimensional (3D) imaging, computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM), intraoral scanners, and dental lasers, and their impact on enhancing the precision, efficiency, and patient-centered approach in modern dental practices. This study gathers and analyzes relevant research publications on the advancements in digital dentistry, with a particular emphasis on its applications in endodontics and restorative dentistry. The review process involved searching various academic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, for peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2024. The selected articles were critically appraised, and the key findings were synthesized to provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolution and impact of digital technologies in contemporary dental care. The study revealed that integration of digital technologies has transformed the landscape of modern dentistry, leading to significant improvements in diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and patient outcomes. The adoption of 3D imaging, CAD/CAM, intraoral scanners, and dental lasers has revolutionized endodontic and restorative procedures, enhancing precision, efficiency, and patient satisfaction. Digital technologies have enabled more accurate identification of dental caries, periapical lesions, and complex root canal morphology, leading to better-informed treatment planning and more successful root canal therapy. Similarly, digital advancements in restorative dentistry have facilitated the fabrication of customized prosthetics, resulting in improved aesthetics, function, and long-term durability. The holistic, patient-centered approach enabled by digital dentistry has the potential to significantly improve overall oral health and quality of life for patients.

The liminal space between hope and grief: The phenomenon of uncertainty as experienced by people living with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

People with the chronic disease Multiple Sclerosis are subjected to different degrees of profound uncertainty. Uncertainty has been linked to adverse psychological effects such as feelings of heightened vulnerability, avoidance of decision-making, fear, worry, anxiety disorders, and even depression. Research into Multiple Sclerosis has a predominant focus on the scientific, practical, and psychosocial issues of uncertainty. In comparison, existential uncertainty has been under-researched, even though it might pose a greater burden to those experiencing it. To understand the lived experience of uncertainty for people living with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis. This study followed a phenomenological research design, employing elements of both the Reflective Lifeworld Approach and Phenomenology of Practice. Seventeen people with a recent (<1 year) diagnosis of relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis were included. In-depth interviews were conducted immediately after inclusion. The lived experience of uncertainty can be described as a stumbling motion across the liminal space between hope and grief while dealing with oscillating feelings of unrest concerning the body, self, and others. The following four constituents further illuminate the meaning of the phenomenon: Having to constantly (re)define unfamiliar and intangible bodily changes on one's own; Unsteady navigating amidst a destabilization of the imagined life; Relating to others as a source of, mirror or buffer for uncertainty; Going through overwhelming fears and worries while clinging to one's own logic. Adding to existing qualitative and phenomenological research into MS and theories on uncertainty, this study portrays uncertainty as a multifaceted experience. The findings imply the need for a continuous attunement of healthcare practitioners to the expectations, fears, avoidance techniques, and other uniquely personal circumstances of people with Multiple Sclerosis.

ANALYSE PSYCHOPÉDAGOGIQUE ET MÉTHODOLOGIQUE DE LA FORMATION PROFESSIONNELLE CONTINUE : VERS UNE OPTIMISATION DES PRATIQUES DIDACTIQUES EN SCIENCES DE L’ÉDUCATION/PSYCHOPEDAGOGICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL TRAINING: TOWARDS AN OPTIMIZATION OF DIDACTIC PRACTICES IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES

This article focuses on the methodological and psychopedagogical dynamics underlying teachers' continuing professional training, emphasizing the integration of innovative approaches in educational practices. Based on an analytical review of psychological theories applied to lifelong learning, this study explores the interaction between advanced pedagogical strategies and their application contexts. This contribution aims to propose an updated theoretical framework that can enrich pedagogical practices, validating various intervention models while providing methodological guidelines tailored to the contemporary demands of lifelong training. An empirical and qualitative methodology, based on descriptive analysis of case studies and teacher groups, highlights current trends and optimal improvement methods.

The Role of 3D Printing in Customizing Dental Prosthetics and Orthodontic Appliances

Abstract 3D printing technology has introduced significant advancements in dentistry, particularly in the customization of dental prosthetics and orthodontic appliances. By enabling precise, patient-specific designs, 3D printing enhances both the fit and comfort of dental devices, improving patient outcomes and satisfaction. This technology offers notable efficiencies over traditional manufacturing methods, reducing production times and costs while supporting seamless digital workflows in clinical practice. Recent advancements in biocompatible materials and digital integration have expanded the application of 3D printing to a range of dental devices, from crowns and bridges to clear aligners and retainers. However, challenges remain, including material limitations, regulatory hurdles, and technical constraints that can impact adoption, particularly in smaller clinics. Future research aims to address these challenges by exploring new materials, incorporating artificial intelligence for optimized design, and enhancing environmental sustainability through waste reduction. The ongoing evolution of 3D printing in dentistry promises to further personalize and streamline dental care, paving the way for a more patient-centered, efficient, and accessible approach in modern dental practices.

Global Perspectives on Food Safety and Quality Control Standards: A Comprehensive Review

Food safety and quality control standards are vital for ensuring the safety and integrity of the global food supply chain. This review explores the key frameworks and regulations that govern food safety, emphasizing the critical roles of various stakeholders, including regulatory agencies, food manufacturers, and consumers. Key methodologies such as Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) are examined to demonstrate their effectiveness in identifying and mitigating risks associated with foodborne illnesses. Additionally, the role of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards in promoting consistency and accountability across food industries is discussed. The importance of traceability and rigorous testing protocols play key role in enhancing consumer confidence and ensuring product quality. Emerging challenges such as globalization, technological advancements, and environmental sustainability are addressed, underscoring the need for adaptive and innovative approaches in food safety practices. By analyzing current standards and the interplay between regulatory compliance and industry practices, this review aims to offer insights into improving food safety and quality control measures. Ultimately, fostering a culture of safety and quality not only protects public health but also enhances consumer trust and supports the sustainability of food systems worldwide.

Административно-правовой рецидив в ракурсе противодействия дорожно-транспортным преступлениям (статьи 264.1, 264.2, 264.3 УК РФ)

The article examines the legal validity and practical feasibility of the legislative decision to adjust criminal liability for driving a vehicle while intoxicated by a person subject to administrative punishment or having a criminal record, as well as for driving a vehicle by a person deprived of the right to drive it and subject to administrative punishment or having a criminal record. The authors note that the relevant decisions of the law-making body should be assessed as a real prerequisite for reducing the effectiveness of counteracting the recidivism of the considered transport offenses; they generate difficulties in their qualification and, accordingly, in delineation. This requires analyzing the approaches of legislative and law enforcement practice to counteract criminal-legal and administrative-criminal recidivism in the relevant area. The article presents the wording of Article 264.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation proposed by the authors.

Nurses' perspectives on culturally sensitive maternity care in hospital settings

Background: Differences in cultural backgrounds between healthcare workers and patients can lead to misunderstandings and cultural shock for patients. Nurses must navigate these situations to provide services that prioritize attentiveness, mutual respect, and cultural sensitivity, ultimately improving patients' health outcomes. Nurses play a critical role in delivering appropriate care, particularly when cultural practices may pose risks to maternal health during childbirth. Therefore, understanding the cultural perspective is essential for nurses in providing effective maternity care. Purpose: To explore nurses' perspectives on providing culturally sensitive maternity care to mothers during childbirth within the hospital setting. Method: A qualitative research design with a descriptive phenomenological approach was employed. Twelve informants participated in the study to ensure data saturation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted through face-to-face sessions, Zoom meetings, and audio recordings. Data were analyzed using the Colaizzi method. Results: Three key themes emerged from the analysis: (1) Culturally sensitive assessments were primarily focused on spiritual and social aspects; (2) Implementation of cultural sensitivity was achieved through interprofessional collaboration, education, and direct care; (3) Improvements in culturally sensitive care were identified as necessary, including policy development, additional human resources, and health education guidelines. Conclusion: Nurses' perspectives on culturally sensitive maternity care indicate a lack of a comprehensive cultural approach in current practices. Enhancing maternity nurses' competencies through targeted training on cultural assessments is essential to support high-quality maternity care that respects and integrates cultural considerations.

Service quality management under risk prioritization and imprecise information: a hybrid fuzzy approach

PurposeConventional risk prioritization methods rely on crisp inputs but struggle with imprecise data and hesitancy, resulting in inaccurate assessments that affect service and information quality and performance monitoring. This study proposes a fuzzy data-driven risk prioritization model for service quality under imprecise information.Design/methodology/approachEnterprise risk management is crucial for service quality management, ensuring effective identification, assessment and mitigation of risks impacting service delivery and customer satisfaction. This paper proposes a fuzzy data-driven multi-criteria model for risk prioritization involving multiple decision-makers. It introduces a hybrid method combining intuitionistic and hesitant fuzzy group decision-making to assess better and prioritize risks based on decision-maker preferences.FindingsThe proposed hybrid fuzzy model improves service quality in business operations by efficiently representing uncertain information in traditional frameworks. It helps identify potential risks in advance and enhances control over business operations, enabling organizations to benchmark service quality and identify best practices. Accordingly, organizations acquire information and background knowledge to benchmark their service quality. This, in turn, improves service quality under performance management.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the advantages of fuzzy models in risk prioritization, such as mimicking human reasoning more accurately, their complexity can hinder adoption. The intricate computational steps may deter shop-floor managers who prefer the more straightforward conventional crisp RPN approach, which is easier to understand and implement. However, while developing a hybrid fuzzy risk prioritization model may require more effort, its benefits become apparent over time. Once developed, the model can be integrated into software applications, allowing decision-makers to use it easily. This integration simplifies fuzzy computations and enhances risk prioritization, leading to more informed decision-making and improved risk management in the long term.Practical implicationsThe proposed robust fuzzy framework improves risk management by integrating uncertain information and multiple decision-makers expertise, leading to more reliable outputs that enhance strategic decisions and operational efficiency.Originality/valueWe validate the proposed approach at an integrated steel plant’s risk management process, covering broad areas of the service quality domain. To the best of our knowledge, no study exists in existing literature attempting to explore the efficacy of the proposed hybrid fuzzy approach in risk management practices at prime sectors like steel. The study’s novelty is backed by this validation experiment, which indicates that the effectiveness of the results obtained from the proposed multi-attribute hybrid fuzzy methodology is more practical. The model’s outcome substantially adds value to the current risk assessment and prioritization literature that significantly affects service quality.

Enhanced therapeutic potential of a self-healing hyaluronic acid hydrogel for early intervention in osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by symptoms such as abnormal lubrication function of synovial fluid and heightened friction on the cartilage surface in its early stages, prior to evident cartilage damage. Current early intervention strategies employing lubricated hydrogels to shield cartilage from friction often overlook the significance of hydrogel-cartilage adhesion and enhancement of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM). Herein, we constructed a hydrogel based on dihydrazide-modified hyaluronic acid (HA) (AHA) and catechol-conjugated aldehyde-modified HA (CHA), which not only adheres to the cartilage surface as an effective lubricant but also improves the extracellular environment of chondrocytes in OA. Material characterization experiments on AHA/CHA hydrogels with varying concentrations validated their exceptional self-healing capabilities, superior injectability and viscoelasticity, sustained adhesion strength to cartilage, and a low friction coefficient. Chondrocytes exhibited robust adhesion and proliferation on the AHA/CHA hydrogel surface, with the upregulation of cartilage matrix protein expression. Intra-articular injection of AHA/CHA hydrogels was performed following destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery in mice to assess its protective effect on cartilage. The AHA/CHA hydrogel effectively attenuated the degree of cartilage wear, facilitated chondrocytes' anabolic metabolism, and restored the ECM of cartilage. Therefore, the AHA/CHA hydrogel emerges as a promising therapeutic approach in clinical practices of OA treatment.

Computational Design of a Kit of Parts for Bending Active Structures

Bending-active structures are composed of elastic elements that deform to achieve a desired target shape. To support effective design, inverse algorithms have been proposed that optimize the geometry of each element specifically for each design. This makes it difficult to reuse elements across designs or gain efficiency in fabrication through mass production. We address this issue and propose a computational framework to rationalize bending-active structures into a sparse kit of parts. Our method solves for the optimal part geometry such that multiple input designs can be faithfully realized with the same kit of parts. Assigning parts to different assemblies leads to a combinatorial explosion that makes exhaustive search intractable. Instead, we propose a relaxed continuous optimization incorporating a physics-based simulation in its inner loop to model the elastic deformation of the bending-active structure accurately. Our algorithm allows analyzing different design trade-offs of a kit of parts to tune the balance between fabrication complexity and fidelity to the original designs. We demonstrate our method on three different classes of bending-active structures, showcasing the effectiveness of our approach for part reuse and sustainable practices in fabrication-driven design.