Approach For Optimal Location Research Articles

New Approach for Optimal Location and Parameters Setting of UPFC for Enhancing Power Systems Stability under Contingency Analysis

Operation of power system within specified limits of voltage and frequency are the major concerns in power system stability studies. As power system is always prone to disturbances, which consequently affect the voltage instability and optimal power flow, and therefore risks the power systems stability and security. In this paper, a novel technique based on the “Artificial Algae Algorithm” (AAA) is introduced, to identify the optimal location and the parameters setting of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) under N-1 contingency criterion. In the first part, we have carried out a contingency operation and ranking process for the most parlous lines outage contingencies while taking the transmission lines overloading (NOLL) and voltage violation of buses (NVVB) as a performance parameter (PP = NOLL + NVVB). As UPFC possesses too much prohibitive cost and larger size, its optimal location and size must be identified before the actual deployment. In the second part, we have applied a novel AAA technique to identify the optimal location and parameters setting of UPFC under the discovered contingencies. The simulations have been executed on IEEE 14 bus and 30 bus networks. The results reveals that the location of UPFC is significantly optimized using AAA technique, which has improved the stability and security of the power system by curtailing the overloaded transmission lines and limiting the voltage violations of buses.

A New Approach for Optimal Location and Sizing of Distributed Generation Using an Exact Solution Method

Extensive penetration of distributed generation (DG) is one of the critical challenges near future for efficient and low carbon energy utilization in the world. Since DG installation greatly influences existing power systems, it is required to install DG with suitable location and adequate size, thus some decision-making tools for optimal DG installation are necessary. This paper presents a new approach for optimal location and sizing of DG. Although approximate methods are generally adopted in this area because of the problem difficulty arising from the combinational nature, an exact enumerative method is proposed in this paper because of its simplicity and versatility. The usefulness of this enumerative method is demonstrated in a simple pilot system and some quantitative/qualitative characteristics in DG installation are also clarified.

New Price Area Zonal-based Approach for Optimal Location of Distributed Generation in Hybrid Electricity Markets

This article presents a new price-area-based zonal approach for the optimal location of distributed generation in pool, as well as hybrid electricity, markets. The price-based zones have been determined based on the nodal price of real power obtained at each node. The price-based zone has been determined based on the variation and magnitude of the real power nodal price at each node. The zone with a higher variation of the nodal real power price has been termed as zone 1, and that with a low variation of price has been termed as zone 2. Two new benefit indices, based on nodal price reduction and fuel cost savings, have been proposed and determined based on the location of distributed generations at load buses in the higher nodal price zone. The study has been performed for pool, as well as hybrid electricity, markets. The proposed optimal power flow based approach has been tested on an IEEE 24-bus reliability test system.

A sensitivity-based approach for optimal location of multi-converter unified power flow controller considering its impact on generation and wheeling costs

The optimal location of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) controllers is important due to their high cost. When a FACTS controller uses some converters, its cost becomes very high. A multi-converter unified power flow controller, also known as Generalised Unified Power Flow Controller (GUPFC) can effectively control the power system parameters such as bus voltage and real and reactive power flows in the lines. In this paper, a method utilising the static sensitivity-based approach has been suggested for location of GUPFC. The impact of GUPFC on the generation and wheeling costs has been studied. The power injection model of GUPFC has been considered, and the optimal settings of its control parameters and generator setting have been obtained through an Optimal Power Flow (OPF) formulation. The final choice of location of the GUPFC has been decided by considering the savings in cost of production and the savings obtained in the real power wheeling charges. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been tested on the IEEE 30-bus test system.

Genetic Algorithm-Based Approach for Optimal Location of Transit Repair Vehicles on a Large Urban Network

Determining the optimal location of a fleet of vehicles is necessary in a number of potential applications, such as special repair vehicles for buses on a large public transportation network. The Athens Urban Transport Authority operates a large bus fleet over an extensive network for 19 h a day and serves a population of approximately 4 million people, all in a heavily congested road network. During the 2004 Summer Olympic Games, held in Athens, most spectators, employees, and volunteers were transported to and from Olympic Games venues by public transportation. Dedicated Olympic Games bus lines operated under a tight around-the-clock schedule. During normal operations and particularly during events such as the Olympic Games, incidents such as vehicle breakdowns and minor accidents can have a severe effect on the operation of the public transport network and can cause a significant decrease in the level of service. To help the authority locate bus repair vehicles over the entire network, a decision support system was developed on the basis of an embedded genetic algorithm used for obtaining optimal location solutions. The system's design and performance make it easy to operate under real-time conditions, which is useful for planning and for fast vehicle redeployment.

Optimal location and sizing of HV/MV substations in uncertainty load environment using genetic algorithm

Abstract In this paper a novel approach for optimal location, sizing and determining the service areas of HV/MV substations in a long-range planning period using pseudodynamic methodology is presented. Costs of equipment, areas, cables in MV side and power loss are considered in cost function. Uncertainty in loads is modeled using LR fuzzy numbers in load points. For optimization procedure, genetic algorithm with a new coding is used. Load points splitting in each area between substations and infeasibility solutions are considered in search procedure. Based on this, a software was developed and integrated into an optimization tool for substation allocation. The software was applied in many cases with satisfactory results.