Domain Analysis Approach Research Articles

Rapid estimation of object movements in magnetic induction tomography

Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a contactless, inexpensive and non-invasive technique for imaging the conductivity distribution inside a body. A time-difference imaging can be used for monitoring the progression of stroke or oedema. However, MIT signals are more sensitive to body movements than the conductivity changes inside the body, because small movements during data acquisition can overwhelm the signals of interest and cause significant image artefacts. Thus, it is crucial to accurately estimate and compensate body movements for image reconstruction or alert clinicians to avoid misinterpretation. We propose frequency domain analysis and statistical approaches for identifying and estimating object movements from MIT data prior to the image reconstruction step. Results show that high amounts of movements totally distorted the images, whereas the proposed approaches produced good performance on elimination of image artefacts and its estimation while maintaining good computational efficiency for patient monitoring.

Seismic Analysis of Inlet and Outlet of Water Intake Channel

Aiming at the nuclear power plant structure of Haiyang Shandong and adopting time domain analysis approach, the seismic analysis of inlet and outlet parts of water intake channel are made in this paper. The changes of internal force of the inlet and outlet parts of the water intake channels under the complicated muti-load environment of soil pressure, temperature, water hammer pressure, seismic load is analyzed. The calculation results show that the water hammer pressure, the seismic load and wall thickness of the wall have a significant effect, and encrypted reinforcement at the weak section should be applied during the design and construction. The calculation can provide the basis for the seismic analysis of the water intake channel in nuclear power plant.

An Ethnosemantic Study of Affinal Kinship Terms In Arabic and Arab Culture

This study explores the affinal (marriage kinship) relations and terminologies in Arab culture ethnosemantically. The affinal kinship terminologies represent the second basic taxonomy of kinship relations in every culture. The study includes a qualitative analysis by adopting the ethnosemantic or Cultural Domain Analysis (CDA) approach to fulfil the aims of this study. This approach helps researchers to identify and discuss the main terminologies of affinal kinship domain used in Arab culture. The study is based on data collected from the Holy Quran and some Arabic philology books. The study of this social domain in Arab culture is very useful to perceive and transfer people’s culture to other communities. Moreover, recognizing and understanding certain culture’s domains and norms may help people from other cultures avoid miscommunication or misunderstanding of other’s cultures and help use the suitable items based on certain contexts. The findings of this study emphasised the importance of studying this domain as a socio-cultural phenomenon that may help distinguish the main terminologies of marriage relations in Arab culture.

Технология создания семейства приложений на основе анализа предметной области

The theme of code reuse in software development is still important. Sometimes it is hard to find out what exactly we need to reuse in isolation of context. However, there is an opportunity to narrow the context problem, if applications in one given domain are considered. Same features in different applications in one domain have the same context respectively so the common part must be reused. Hence, the problem of domain analysis arises. On the other hand, there is metaCASE-techonology that allows to generate code of an application using diagrams, which describe this application. The main objective of this article is to present the technology for application family creation which connects the metaCASE-techonology and results of domain analysis activity. We propose to use some ideas of FODA (feature-oriented domain analysis) approach for domain analysis and use feature diagrams for describing of variability in a domain. Then we suggest to generate metamodel of the domain-specific visual language, based on feature diagram. After that based on generated metamodel domain-specific visual language editor is generated with the aid of metaCASE-tool. With this language user can connect and configure existing feature implementations thus producing an application. This technology supposed to be especially useful for software product lines.

Optoacoustic image segmentation based on signal domain analysis

Efficient segmentation of optoacoustic images has importance in enhancing the diagnostic and quantification capacity of this modality. It may also aid in improving the tomographic reconstruction accuracy by accounting for heterogeneous optical and acoustic tissue properties. In particular, when imaging through complex biological tissues, the real acoustic properties often deviate considerably from the idealized assumptions of homogenous conditions, which may lead to significant image artifacts if not properly accounted for. Although several methods have been proposed aiming at estimating and accounting for the complex acoustic properties in the image domain, accurate delineation of structures is often hindered by low contrast of the images and other artifacts produced due to incomplete tomographic coverage and heuristic assignment of the tissue properties during the reconstruction process. In this letter, we propose instead a signal domain analysis approach that retrieves acoustic properties of the object to be reconstructed from characteristic features of the detected optoacoustic signals prior to image reconstruction. Performance of the proposed method is first tested in simulation and experiment using two-dimensional tissue-mimicking phantoms. Significant improvements in the segmentation abilities and overall reconstructed image quality are further showcased in experimental cross-sectional data acquired from a human finger.

Prediction of groundwater‐induced flooding in a chalk aquifer for future climate change scenarios

AbstractCurrent climate change models for the southeast UK predict changing rainfall patterns, with increased incidence of extreme events. The chalk aquifer in the UK and northern France is susceptible to groundwater‐induced flooding under such conditions. In this methodological study we apply a frequency domain analysis approach to the chalk aquifer to derive a transfer function between effective rainfall and groundwater level from 7 years of monitoring data from the North Heath Barn site, near Brighton. The derived transfer function was calibrated and validated against monitoring data and then used to predict groundwater level for rainfall models for high, medium and low emission scenarios from the UKCP09 database. The derived transfer function is most closely comparable to the linear aquifer model, despite evidence for both matrix and fracture or karst water flow in the chalk, with transmissivity and unconfined storativity at the catchment scale of 1548 m2 day−1and 1.6 × 10−2. The application of the transfer function to UKCP09 rainfall data suggests that groundwater‐induced flooding may be about four times more frequent by 2040–2069 compared with 1961–1990 and seven times more frequent by 2070–2099. The model data also suggest an increase in the duration of groundwater minima relative to the reference period. Compared to deterministic modelling which requires detailed knowledge of aquifer heterogeneity and processes, the transfer function approach, although with limitations, is simpler, incorporating these factors into the analysis through frequency and phase coefficients, and thus may have the potential for groundwater risk assessment in other areas. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Theory and Design of a Quadrature Analog-to-Information Converter for Energy-Efficient Wideband Spectrum Sensing

A flexible bandwidth, blind sub-Nyquist sampling approach referred to as the quadrature analog-to-information converter (QAIC) is proposed. The QAIC relaxes the analog front-end bandwidth requirements at the cost of some added complexity compared to the modulated wideband converter (MWC) for an overall improvement in sensitivity and energy consumption. An approach for detailed frequency domain analysis of the proposed system with linear impairments is developed. A process for selecting QAIC parameter values is illustrated through examples. The benefits of the QAIC are highlighted with cognitive radio use cases where a wide range of spectrum is observed at various resolution bandwidth settings. We demonstrate that the energy consumption of the QAIC is potentially two orders of magnitude lower than the swept-tuned spectrum analyzer (STSA) and an order of magnitude lower than the MWC. We also demonstrate that the QAIC significantly improves upon the sensitivity performance delivered by the MWC.

Provenance as a Domain Analysis Approach in Archival Knowledge Organization

KO KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION , Seite 562 - 569

Cameroon Pidgin English at the Service of Local Culture, Science and Technology

Despite divergent views about the status of Cameroon Pidgin English (henceforth CPE), some researchers such as Atechi (2011); Chia (1983); Mbangwana (2004) etc. are nevertheless unanimous that the language is the most widely spoken lingua franca in the country. Kouega (2008), came up with a dictionary of Cameroon Pidgin English to buttress the fact that it is an autonomous language which has attained maturity. Alobwede (1998: 54) carried out a survey on the acquisition of Pidgin English and English as a first language in some major towns in Cameroon and indicates that CPE is the majority language in Bamenda, Mamfe, Kumba, Buea, Limbe, Douala and Yaounde when compared to the acquisition of English. Equally, Mbangwana (2004:23) posits that 97.8% Anglophone and 61.8% francophone Cameroonian urban dwellers speak CPE. From the statistics above, it is evident that more people are proficient in CPE, feel at home with it, and use it more than the official languages (English and French). Consequently, most cultural, scientific and technological knowledge is concealed from the majority of speakers since it is essentially available in English or French, languages they are not very conversant with. In this paper, I am examining how widespread CPE is, as well as the potential and capacity of the language in expressing local cultural, scientific and technical knowledge and how such knowledge could be captured in CPE. Data will be collected through participant observation, literary works of arts, local newspapers published in English and from Kouega’s (2008) dictionary on Cameroon Pidgin English. The data will be analysed using the Domain Analysis approach propounded by James Bradley (1980).

Evaluating face validity of a parent survey used to evaluate a Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program‐Education youth program in Arkansas (625.6)

In order to assess effectiveness of nutrition education programs, evaluation of nutrition programing must be completed. Effective program evaluation stems from using valid evaluative tools. The purpose of this project was to evaluate face validity of a parent survey used as an evaluation tool for a Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program‐Education (SNAP‐Ed) program conducted in public elementary schools across Arkansas. Data for this project were previously gathered through completion of seven focus groups. Focus groups were held in seven different counties in Arkansas consisting of 3‐14 participants per focus group for a total 46 participants. Participants were parents of elementary school children in SNAP‐Ed program schools. A domain analysis approach was used to complete a transcript‐based analysis of focus group data. Results were used to revise the parent survey reflecting participant perceptions to enhance face validity. Focus group data consistently brought to light similar suggestions for revision, including how questions address race and ethnicity, and participation in government assistance programs, as well as wording to be more inclusive of the entire family to provide more accurate measurement of change. Participant perceptions contributed to evaluating face validity of the survey and bringing about revision. Further evaluation is required to confirm whether changes were beneficial.

A Spatial Frequency Domain Analysis of the Belousov–Zhabotinsky Reaction

A nonlinear spatio-temporal system identification and analysis approach is used to study the dynamical behavior of the Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) chemical reaction process. In our previous study [Guo et al., 2010],, the dynamical behavior of the BZ reaction in the spatial-temporal domain has been analyzed by identifying a coupled map lattice (CML) model of the process directly from experimental data from a real BZ reaction experiment. In this paper, the frequency domain analysis of the dynamics near equilibrium is carried out by mapping the obtained CML model into higher order spatial frequency response functions to reveal the nonlinear coupling and modulation between the various initial spectral components in the process. As far as we are aware, this is the first study of any real spatio-temporal system using a spatio-temporal domain identification and frequency domain analysis approach.

Identification and frequency domain analysis of non-stationary and nonlinear systems using time-varying NARMAX models

This paper introduces a new approach for nonlinear and non-stationary (time-varying) system identification based on time-varying nonlinear autoregressive moving average with exogenous variable (TV-NARMAX) models. The challenging model structure selection and parameter tracking problems are solved by combining a multiwavelet basis function expansion of the time-varying parameters with an orthogonal least squares algorithm. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed approach can track rapid time-varying effects in nonlinear systems more accurately than the standard recursive algorithms. Based on the identified time domain model, a new frequency domain analysis approach is introduced based on a time-varying generalised frequency response function (TV-GFRF) concept, which enables the analysis of nonlinear, non-stationary systems in the frequency domain. Features in the TV-GFRFs which depend on the TV-NARMAX model structure and time-varying parameters are investigated. It is shown that the high-dimensional frequency features can be visualised in a low-dimensional time–frequency space.

A hybrid approach for the time domain analysis of linear stochastic structures

A new hybrid approach for the time domain analysis of linear stochastic structures with uncorrelated or correlated random variables is proposed. This new hybrid approach combines the modal approach, the second-order perturbation technique and the number theoretical method (NTM). In the hybrid approach, an approximate stochastic model of the finite element (FE) model is developed in the sense of first-order accuracy, which provides second-order estimations of the mean and covariance matrices of structural responses. Compared with the FE model, the proposed model is more convenient in terms of the computation effort it requires. By employing the NTM to evaluate the statistical moments of solutions of the approximate model, the secular terms, contained in the results of the perturbation stochastic finite element method, are eliminated. Two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method proposed.

Towards in silico identification of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene channel blockers: discriminative vs. generative classification models

HERG potassium channels have a critical role in the normal electrical activity of the heart. The blockade of hERG channels in heart cells can result in a potentially fatal disorder called long QT syndrome. HERG channels can be blocked by compounds with diverse structures belonging to several drug classes. Presented herein are generative (Generative Topographic Maps) and discriminative (Support Vector Machines) classification models to categorize the compounds in silico into active and inactive classes by using different types of descriptors. The predictive performance of discriminative and generative classification models has been compared. Here, the possibility of using Generative Topographic Maps as an approach for applicability domain analysis and to generate probability-based descriptors was demonstrated to our knowledge for the first time. Comparison of obtained results with the models developed by other teams on the same data set has been performed.

An Time Domain Analysis Approach to Measurement of Three Dimensional Shape Distortion

Autocorrelation function and cross-correlation function can be used to illustrate the dependency relation of random processes. The degree of mini-transmutation is often too small to detect. A new approach via utilization of correlation coefficient between two different signals in time domain was proposed to measure the tiny distortion of three dimensional objects. The correlation analysis and deduction on transformation from 3-D surface distribution to 1-D time series signal were made rationally. Numeric simulation experiments of discrete digital signal generated from triangular function composite generator were done and six groups of correlation coefficient curves were given deliberately with different signal length. The correlation and similarity degree among different similar waveforms were analyzed in detail. It shows that the approach is valid to detect the degree of distortion between the original standard one and the practical one.

Transformation from LEL to UML

Product Lines have emerged as a well-known approach for software reuse. Requirements of product line are organized into features in Feature Oriented Domain Analysis approach. Feature models are widely used to model the information gathered during domain analysis and it is not simply comprehensible to stakeholders. During the early stages of software development the interaction with stakeholders is mainly inconvenient. For this explanation, natural language (Language Extended Lexicon) is still widely used to model requirements information. It is in general understandable by stakeholders thus encouraging their participation but LEL does not provide design level of a system. To obtain design level of a system there is need to transform LEL symbols to UML class diagram as its elements are in abstract form representing blue print of a system. To achieve this transformation we describe in this paper a transformation process to derive a UML class diagram from natural language oriented requirement model, known as Language Extended. General Terms Language Extended Lexicon, UML class diagram, Feature Models

Determining Damage Development in Hot-Mix Asphalt with Use of Continuum Damage Mechanics and Small-Scale Accelerated Pavement Test

The modeling of asphalt concrete based on continuum damage mechanics (CDM) is an attractive and useful method of determining damage development in hot-mix asphalt (HMA). However, the CDM approach requires the calculation of the convolution integral over the loading duration and creates problems when large amounts of fatigue test data generated from accelerated pavement tests are handled. This study presents an approach to facilitating the calculation of the convolution integral for large amounts of data. Therefore, the approach can be used for pavement performance monitoring. Several asphalt concrete slabs were constructed in a laboratory with a vibratory roller compactor and instrumented with strain gauges and thermocouples. These slabs were tested under the small-scale accelerated loading device called the Model Mobile Load Simulator3. A frequency domain approach was used to analyze the continuous strain data. The constitutive equation in time domain was transformed to a frequency domain with the use of the Fourier transform technique; the pseudostrain and the complex modulus values were determined continuously during the loading. Results indicated that both the pseudostrain and the complex modulus were influenced by the combined effect of loading and temperature. A general trend of reduction of the pseudostiffness and the complex modulus because of these factors was observed in the study. Analysis results indicated that the frequency domain analysis approach was an efficient, better way to handle large amounts of data generated in long-term pavement studies and could be used to determine damage development in HMA as a result of loading.

Seismic Analysis of Intake Tunnel for Nuclear Power Plant

Aiming at the nuclear power plant structure and adopting time domain analysis approach, the seismic analysis of an intake tunnel for nuclear power plant is performed with FLAC3D in this paper. Contraposing the characters of the field rock of the nuclear plant, the internal force distribution of the tunnel under different wall rocks is researched and analysed, and the envelope diagram of inner force in the lining of the tunnel is drawn. The obtained law can provide the basis for the seismic response analysis of tunnels.

Hydraulically interconnected vehicle suspension: background and modelling

This paper presents a novel approach for the frequency domain analysis of a vehicle fitted with a general hydraulically interconnected suspension (HIS) system. Ideally, interconnected suspensions have the capability, unique among passive systems, to provide stiffness and damping characteristics dependent on the all-wheel suspension mode in operation. A basic, lumped-mass, four-degree-of-freedom half-car model is used to illustrate the proposed methodology. The mechanical–fluid boundary condition in the double-acting cylinders is modelled as an external force on the mechanical system and a moving boundary on the fluid system. The fluid system itself is modelled using the hydraulic impedance method, in which the relationships between the dynamic fluid states, i.e. pressures and flows, at the extremities of a single fluid circuit are determined by the transfer matrix method. A set of coupled, frequency-dependent equations, which govern the dynamics of the integrated half-car system, are then derived and the application of these equations to both free and forced vibration analysis is explained. The fluid system impedance matrix for the two general wheel-pair interconnection types—anti-synchronous and anti-oppositional—is also given. To further outline the application of the proposed methodology, the paper finishes with an example using a typical anti-roll HIS system. The integrated half-car system's free vibration solutions and frequency response functions are then obtained and discussed in some detail. The presented approach provides a scientific basis for investigating the dynamic characteristics of HIS-equipped vehicles, and the results offer further confirmation that interconnected suspension schemes can provide, at least to some extent, individual control of modal stiffness and damping characteristics.

Object tracking in surveillance videos using compressed domain features from scalable bit-streams

Recent developments in the video coding technology brought new possibilities of utilising inherently embedded features of the encoded bit-stream in applications such as video adaptation and analysis. Due to the proliferation of surveillance videos there is a strong demand for highly efficient and reliable algorithms for object tracking. This paper presents a new approach for the fast compressed domain analysis utilising motion data from the encoded bit-streams in order to achieve low-processing complexity of object tracking in the surveillance videos. The algorithm estimates the trajectory of video objects by using compressed domain motion vectors extracted directly from standard H.264/MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) and Scalable Video Coding (SVC) bit-streams. The experimental results show comparable tracking precision when evaluated against the standard algorithms in uncompressed domain, while maintaining low computational complexity and fast processing time, thus making the algorithm suitable for real time and streaming applications where good estimates of object trajectories have to be computed fast.