Application Of Nanotechnology Research Articles

Electrochemical boost via thermally reduced graphene oxide for tailoring composite paste electrodes

Carbon-based composite materials are employed in diverse electrochemical applications, such as in catalysis, (bio)molecular sensing, and energy storage. In practice, electrode material needs to be highly conductive to allow high-speed electron transference to electrolyte species and possess high-surface area to obtain greater measured signals and power capabilities, as well as long useful life and stability. In this sense, graphene derivatives emerge as interesting candidates, even more so if they constitute part of practical, economical and versatile paste electrodes.This work presents a detailed analysis of the electrochemical performance of paste electrodes fabricated with multilayer partially reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO was strategically produced via thermal treatment as a key factor that minimizes both mass loss and energy consumption. The results obtained through diffraction, microscopy and spectroscopy techniques show an effective partial reduction in the range of 100 to 400 °C. Furthermore, the enhanced electrochemical performance of rGO was determined by exploring the specific capacitance from cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements (GCD) as well as charge transfer resistance via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Our results evidence how an integral performance with suitable chemical, structural and morphological properties achieved for GO heat-treated at 200 °C leads to an improved electronic conductivity when a small part is combined with graphite in paste electrodes. This latter combination provides higher versatility compared to other alternatives since it arises as an economical and effective carbonaceous matrix for (bio)electrochemical sensors, hybrid supercapacitors or other desired nanotechnological applications.

Influence of Foliar Application of Nanoparticles on Low Temperature Resistance of Rice Seedlings.

Chilling stress, a common abiotic factor, adversely affects the growth and biomass of rice seedlings during the early stages, ultimately reducing the yield. Effective strategies to mitigate these negative impacts are essential for improving rice productivity. The application of nanotechnology in agriculture, particularly nanoparticles (NPs), has shown a promising effect in alleviating chilling stress in plants. This study evaluates the effects of various nanoparticles, ZnO (0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L), Fe2O3 (0, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L), TiO2 (0, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L), and CeO2 (0, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L) on the chilling resistance with one control (a water spray) under a normal temperature. Four rice cultivars: LLY-7108 and XZX-6 (Low-temperature-tolerant), and LLY-32 and ZJZ-17 (Low-temperature-susceptible) were tested in this experiment. Rice seedlings were subjected to low temperature conditions (12 h light 14 °C/12 h dark, at 10 °C) for five days, followed by seven days of recovery. The results of this study demonstrate that NPs significantly enhanced seedling height fresh/dry weight and root length compared to untreated controls under chilling stress. NP treatment also reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline content, while enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities, thereby mitigating oxidative damage. The four rice varieties exhibited clear signs of rapid growth recovery and positive physiological changes due to NPs' application. Among the tested cultivars, LLY-7108 showed the most substantial recovery and physiological responses, while ZJZ-17 exhibited the least. The findings of this study indicate that the foliar application of ZnO (100 mg/L), Fe2O3 (50 mg/L), TiO2 (50 mg/L), and CeO2 (75 mg/L) NPs effectively mitigates chilling stress in rice seedlings, likely by enhancing the antioxidant enzymatic activity while reducing the oxidative damage. This study highlights the potential of NPs as effective agents in reducing the adverse effects of chilling stress on rice.

Irreversibility analysis of radiative TiO2+Al2O3+Cu/H2O ternary nanofluid flow over a bidirectional stretching sheet with cattaneo-christov heat flux: nanotechnology applications

Ternary nanofluids demonstrate better heat transfer characteristics in contrast to conventional liquids and typical hybrid nanofluids. These are applied in sophisticated cooling systems for electronics, heat exchangers, and automotive engines, along with renewable energy systems such as solar collectors, where efficient heat transfer plays a crucial role. The aim of this research is to investigate the movement of a Casson ternary nanofluid passing through a bidirectional exponential sheet by employing the innovative Cattaneo-Christov heat flux concept. The utilization of the energy equation considers thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and heat source/sink effects, with the integration of chemical reaction effects into the concentration equation. An analysis of entropy generation is utilized to evaluate the thermodynamic irreversibility within the system. The conversion of transport equations involves a transformation from partial to ordinary differential equations, followed by a numerical solution utilizing the BVP4C solver embedded in the MATLAB package R2022b. The impacts of developed factors on thermal, concentration, and velocity behavior, as well as engineering quantities, are thoroughly explored graphically. The outcome reveals that the velocity gradients diminish as magnetic fields intensify, while it amplified by the Hall factor. The rise in temperature of ternary nanofluid correlates with elevated levels of radiation, and Brownian motion. Concentration intensifies with the rapid development of thermophoresis influences. Heightened values of the Reynolds and Brinkman numbers give rise to amplified entropy production but a decrease in the Bejan number. The ternary nanofluid displays a remarkable 8.92% increase in skin friction on the x-axis and y-axis, influenced by the potent Darcy-Forchheimer factor. The rates of mass and heat transfer in nanofluids undergo a decrease of 8.58% and 12.52%, respectively, due to the heightened influence of Brownian motion and Eckert number. The results could provide valuable insights into the performance of ternary nanofluids in various industrial environments under specific conditions.

The Application of Nanotechnology in Various Food Categories and Packaging

Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the food industry by enhancing safety, quality, and shelf life. However, public acceptance is crucial for successful commercialization. This study provides a comparative analysis of consumer perceptions, attitudes, and willingness to purchase nanotechnology-based products across various food categories (processed foods, beverages, dairy, meat, fresh produce) and packaging applications (active, intelligent, biodegradable). Findings indicate that acceptance varies significantly based on food category and packaging type. Key influencing factors include perceived risks/benefits, knowledge/awareness, trust in regulations, and sociocultural/demographic variables. The study emphasizes the need for effective risk communication, transparent labeling, and public engagement to enhance consumer trust. Insights can guide policymakers, researchers, and industry in developing targeted strategies to address concerns and promote responsible nanotechnology development in the food sector.

Nanotechnology strategy for inhibition of PARP1 and IL-17A-associated with neurotoxicity in rats exposed to hospital wastewater.

Hospital wastewater (HWW) poses a serious hazard to human health security concerning its high susceptibility to neurodegeneration. Water sources and ecosystems are exposed to a complicated pollution load from a variety of refractory organics and pharmaceutical active composites. This study evaluates the treated newly developed nanocomposite (NiFe2O4) HWW on the neural injury induced by HWW action in rats. Three groups of male Wistar rats were distributed, with eight rats in each: group I: tap water served as a control; group II: HWW; and group III: nano-HWW. Each group was intragastrical administrated with each type of water (2.5 ml/100 g b.wt/6 h) for 28 consecutive days. The open field test and Morris Water Maze assessed behavioral activity and spatial learning 2 days before the last day. The research demonstrated that HWW treated with nanocomposite (NiFe2O4) may exert decreased risks of the neural impairment effect of HWW. This improvement was achieved by reducing the neurotoxicity by lowering nitric oxide contents, lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase, interleukin-17A (IL-17A), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase1(PARP1) while restoring the antioxidant biomarkers and neurotransmitter levels (β-endorphin, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin) of the treated groups in the cortex and brainstem and enhancement of the histopathology of the cortex as well. In conclusion, this study introduced a newly developed nanotechnology application for treating HWW to protect from neural injury. The findings of this research have significant value for policymakers, Ministry of Health management, and environmental organizations in their selection of suitable techniques and procedures to optimize hospital wastewater treatment efficiency.

An Extensive Study of Metal Matrix Composites and their Various Properties for Different Uses

This study examines the creation and development of composite materials, from conventional techniques to their innovative uses in numerous industries. Composite materials that are robust, versatile, and resilient have advanced significantly, especially with the application of nanotechnology and hybrid fiber reinforcements. Composite materials are difficult to machine due to their anisotropic and non-homogeneous structure, as well as the high abrasiveness of their reinforcing parts. This typically results in the workpiece becoming damaged and the cutting tool wearing down very rapidly. On composite materials, traditional machining methods such as turning, drilling, and milling can be applied with the appropriate tool design and operating parameters. An overview of the various issues related to the conventional machining of the main types of composite materials is given in this work. This article examines novel matrix materials, forms of reinforcement, and production procedures to show how advanced metallic matrix nano composites and fiber-reinforced polymers are replacing traditional composites. Special emphasis is given to the strict manufacturing conditions in addition to the homogenous dispersion of nanoparticles and damage-free machining of fiber composite materials. The essay also discusses how sustainable alternatives, including reinforcements made of natural fibers, affect the ecosystem. This study aims to offer a comprehensive analysis and case studies.

Nanotechnological Innovations in Healthcare

Nanotechnology is a concept much older and more prevalent than you may think. This article will delve into the applications of nanotechnology in various fields of medicine. Using ideas and research, old and new, this publication uses various studies to explore how nanotechnology saves, improves, and, in some cases, enables life. Frankly, the fields discussed further in this paper have nothing in common other than significant and interesting applications of nanotechnology. However, even with this diverse array of fields, only a fraction of nanotechnology’s massive impact across medicinal practice altogether is covered. Nanotechnology has broken into almost every major sector of medicine, finding use from routine practices, such as drug delivery, all the way to extraordinary procedures, such as bone regeneration. This article opens up on the applications of nanotechnology in the cardiovascular, reproductive, antiviral, skeletal, and surgical fields. A substantial amount of research has been conducted to show that nanotechnology is no longer limited to science fiction, and has a major impact that will only grow with time and technology. Doctors and scientists are making full use of nanotechnology’s capabilities by using it in any and all cases that require precision and effectiveness that is either impossible or extremely difficult and dangerous when performed by human hands. This makes many treatments less hazardous and more effective, saving and improving an exponential number of lives as time goes on.

Application of Nano Technology in the Self-Cleaning Finishing of Textiles: A Review

Application of Nano Technology in the Self-Cleaning Finishing of Textiles: A Review

Coating Tablets, Compositions, Recent Advancement and Current Status: A Comprehensive Review

Conventional Tablets are solid oral dosage forms that contain an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) along with excipients. These tablets are typically prepared through direct compression, wet granulation, or dry granulation. They are designed to disintegrate and release the API in a controlled or immediate manner, depending on the formulation. Tablet coating is a vital process in pharmaceutical technology, designed to improve the therapeutic efficacy, patient compliance, and stability of oral dosage forms. This comprehensive review explores the key aspects of tablet coating, including the types, compositions, and recent advancements. Coating materials such as polymers, plasticizers, and pigments are discussed in detail, along with their roles in controlling drug release, masking taste, and enhancing aesthetic appeal. The recent advancements focus on innovative coating techniques like film coatings, enteric coatings, and the application of nanotechnology to improve precision and functionality. Additionally, the current status of tablet coating is analyzed in terms of regulatory compliance and industry trends. The review highlights the future potential of personalized coatings, smart coatings, and environmentally friendly approaches, showcasing the evolving landscape of tablet coating technologies/pans in modern pharmaceutical manufacturing and development. Keywords: Table coating; dosage form; enteric; coating pans; formulation; advancement; polymers

Efficient Multidriven Strand Displacement Reaction for Biosensing.

A key challenge for achieving high-efficient DNA strand displacement reaction (SDR) with existing technologies is the inferior kinetic performance due to the alternately cumbersome conjunction and dissociation of dsDNA. In this work, a novel multidriven SDR collaborated by toehold initiator, strand towing, and click chemistry is engineered. The invasion strand (O) endows the hybridization with a basal strand (M) in dsDNA for releasing a displacement strand (P), which can be significantly boosted by the towing of a helper strand and impetus from the click reaction. Accordingly, the hybridization rate and dissociation extent of P can be largely improved and showed a desiring displacement rate close to 6-fold compared with the traditional method, providing a newly high-efficient SDR strategy for potential application in biosensing, clinical diagnostics, and DNA nanotechnology. In view of this, a practical biosensing platform by combining the multidriven SDR (MSDR) with waste-free DNA multi-cycle amplification is constructed for the rapid and ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of cancer-related miRNA-21. The substantial output DNA as an invasion strand (O) from target-triggered waste-free DNA multicycle can high-efficiently release a signal probe (Fc)-labeled displacement strand (P) on an electrode by using the proposed MSDR, obtaining a low detection limit below 106.8 aM.

Nanoemulsion is an effective antimicrobial for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in infected swine skin burn wounds.

The findings of this study are focused on therapeutic applications of nanotechnology. In the current study, we demonstrated that a nanoemulsion formulation could effectively kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in porcine skin burn wounds. Infection of MRSA in burn wound is a common threat to public health and is usually difficult to treat due to limited therapies available. NB-201 was effective in significantly alleviating inflammation in the treated wounds and promoting wound healing. Therefore, the finding of this study has a great potential to make this formulation a novel antimicrobial agent against MRSA.

A nanoscale natural drug delivery system for targeted drug delivery against ovarian cancer: action mechanism, application enlightenment and future potential.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest gynecological malignancies in the world and is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. The complexity and difficult-to-treat nature of OC pose a huge challenge to the treatment of the disease, Therefore, it is critical to find green and sustainable drug treatment options. Natural drugs have wide sources, many targets, and high safety, and are currently recognized as ideal drugs for tumor treatment, has previously been found to have a good effect on controlling tumor progression and reducing the burden of metastasis. However, its clinical transformation is often hindered by structural stability, bioavailability, and bioactivity. Emerging technologies for the treatment of OC, such as photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, gene therapy, molecular therapy, and nanotherapy, are developing rapidly, particularly, nanotechnology can play a bridging role between different therapies, synergistically drive the complementary role of differentiated treatment schemes, and has a wide range of clinical application prospects. In this review, nanoscale natural drug delivery systems (NNDDS) for targeted drug delivery against OC were extensively explored. We reviewed the mechanism of action of natural drugs against OC, reviewed the morphological composition and delivery potential of drug nanocarriers based on the application of nanotechnology in the treatment of OC, and discussed the limitations of current NNDDS research. After elucidating these problems, it will provide a theoretical basis for future exploration of novel NNDDS for anti-OC therapy.

Exploring Emergent Nanotechnology Applications in Mechanical and Health Engineering

Abstract: Nanotechnology is a promising area of research in science and technology with potential benefits in automotive, aircraft, construction, energy, healthcare, agriculture, food processing, although it has its own risks in environmental sustainability. Recent advances in this area have stimulated research and their applications in different fields, with important results in mechanical engineering and health engineering. The aim of this article is to give an overview of some recent advances of nanotechnology, exploring emerging applications of these typical technologies. Examples of some successful practical applications in mechanical and healthcare engineering based on this technology are given, and an analysis of the prospects and main problems of this area is also conducted. Furthermore, mechanical engineers and health professionals would find this review valuable in updating their knowledge on the latest developments in nanotechnology applications.

Application of Nanomaterials in the Repair and Regeneration of Lymphatic Organs and Corresponding Biophysical Simulation Strategies

Immune system diseases, malignant tumors, and traumatic injuries can directly damage the structure and function of lymphoid organs, while subsequent radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and lymph node dissection further damage the patient's immune system, leading to immune dysfunction, metabolic disorders, and increased susceptibility to infection, which seriously affect the patient's prognosis and quality of life. In this context, nanotechnology plays a key role in lymphoid organ regeneration and immune function recovery, including improving the therapeutic effect through targeted drug delivery systems, using targeted imaging probes to achieve tumor prediction and early detection, combining nanoplatforms with immunotherapy and photodynamic therapy to achieve synergistic therapeutic effects, and using nanomaterials to regulate the tumor microenvironment to enhance the sensitivity of traditional treatments. In addition, biophysical simulation strategies that simulate the microenvironment of lymphoid organs have also attracted widespread attention, aiming to construct a native cell environment to support the regeneration and functional recovery of damaged lymphoid tissues, or to simulate immune cells to regulate lymphocytes and induce specific immune responses. The multifaceted application of nanotechnology provides promising prospects for lymphoid organ regeneration and immune system repair.

Elucidating slipping behaviors between carbon nanotubes: Using nitrogen doping and electron irradiation to suppress slippage

The slipping phenomenon of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nitrogen-doped CNTs (NCNTs) compromises their mechanical strength and potential applications. Elucidation of this microscopic phenomenon is essential for applying CNTs as high-strength materials. This study investigates the slip mechanisms in CNTs and NCNTs, with the aim of enhancing their mechanical properties. By combining various analytical techniques, we elucidated the adhesion and slipping behaviors of CNT bundles under various conditions. van der Waals forces were found to dominate the stick–slip phenomenon in stable CNT stacks. The introduction of amorphous carbon and subsequent electron irradiation led to the formation of stronger covalent bonds between the tubes, enhancing the mechanical resilience. Notably, NCNTs exhibited a higher frequency of covalent bond excitation by electron irradiation than CNTs. These findings indicate the crucial role of electron irradiation in strengthening the covalent bonds within CNT and NCNT bundles, marking a significant contribution to the mechanical applications of nanotechnology.

Role of nanomaterials in modern agriculture

Agriculture is a foundation of several emerging countries, and it is one of the most economically significant drivers. Farmers, consumers, and the environment are all at risk as a result of the increased usage of mineral fertilizers and harmful pesticides. Over the last few years, substantial research into the application of Nanotechnology to boost agricultural productivity has been undertaken. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been discovered to be beneficial as nanopesticides, nanobiosensor, nanofertilizers, and nanoremediation in agrifood production. Nutrients, pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides are compacted with a variety of NPs to facilitate the progressive release of fertilisers and pesticides, resulting in exact dose accessibility to plants. Nanofertilizers improve nutrient utilization, reduce nutrient deficiencies, reduce soil toxicity, and lessen the negative consequences of overdosing, all while reducing treatment frequency. Nanoformulations are used in agriculture to boost germination of seed, reduce nutrient losses in fertilization, reduce the amount of pesticides dispersed, aid water and nutrient management, and. This review also discusses various challenges and concerns about pesticide product development, formulation, and toxicity for ecologically friendly and sustainable agriculture.

The Beauty Revolution of Nanotechnology: Unveiling the Impact of Cosmetic Nano Wonders.

The infusion of nanotechnology into cosmetic formulations marks a transformative shift in beauty science. Although Raymond Reed originally used the word "cosmeceutical," Dr. Albert Kligman popularised the idea in the late 1970s. Cosmetic Nano Wonders are redefining skincare by leveraging nanomaterials to enhance the stability, delivery, and efficacy of active ingredients. The paradigm shift holds promise for overcoming longstanding challenges in traditional cosmetic formulations. This article aims to explore and showcase the revolutionary impact of nanotechnology on the cosmetic industry. Focusing on key nanocarriers, such as liposomes and nanoparticles, our objective is to illuminate how nanotechnology elevates the performance of beauty products, providing advanced solutions for skincare concerns. This revolution promotes sustainability through green synthesis techniques and enables more accurate and effective therapies for a variety of skin issues, including acne and ageing that raises the bar for safety and innovation in the cosmetics business by enhancing product performance and environmental impact. Conducting a thorough literature review, we analyze recent scientific studies and industry reports to unveil the mechanisms and applications of nanotechnology in cosmetics. Special attention is given to the role of nanocarriers in stability enhancement, targeted delivery, and controlled release, unraveling the methods that drive the transformative potential of Cosmetic Nano Wonders. The database sources are Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google Patents. The examination of recent research underscores the tangible benefits of nanotechnology in cosmetics. Cosmetic Nano Wonders demonstrate superior stability, enhanced penetration into skin layers, and controlled release mechanisms, showcasing their potential to revolutionize beauty science and address longstanding challenges in skincare. Cosmetic Nano Wonders represent a groundbreaking shift in beauty science, offering unprecedented possibilities for formulators and consumers. As nanotechnology continues to reshape cosmetic formulations, the future holds the promise of safer, more effective, and personalized skincare solutions, ushering in a new era in beauty science.

Application of nanotechnology in cementitious materials for enhanced concrete construction through carbon incorporation

Application of nanotechnology in cementitious materials for enhanced concrete construction through carbon incorporation

Sonication-Assisted Electrochemical Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles.

In this work, we propose a method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) utilizing a sonication-assisted electrochemical approach with a common ultrasonic cleaner. Silver nitrate is employed as the precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone functions as the ligand. The incorporation of sonication is identified as crucial for achieving several benefits such as enhanced mass transfer, improved dispersion of reactants, and the prevention of electrode fouling. Optimized sonication and electrochemical conditions synergistically contribute to a higher yield of well-dispersed Ag NPs, which are characterized by an average size of 10 nm. Furthermore, the electrode's suitability for the continuous synthesis of Ag NPs over an extended period is highlighted owing to effective electrode surface cleaning facilitated by sonication. This cleaning process proves to be essential in maintaining the electrochemical activity of the electrode, ensuring consistency in the synthesis process. The proposed sonication-assisted electrochemical synthesis method not only addresses challenges associated with electrode fouling but also significantly enhances the dispersity and yield of the resulting particles, making it valuable for scalability and practical applications in various fields, including sensors, catalysis, and nanotechnology.

Nano Innovation: Enhancing Food Packaging through Nanotechnology

The utilization of nanotechnology in developing novel packaging components has grown significantly in recent years, and it is anticipated to have a significant influence on the food industry shortly. It offers to produce food packaging with improved qualities that will assist food goods in lasting longer on the shelf. The present article comprehensively discusses the nanoparticles commonly used in food packaging, the significant changes they bring to the qualities of the material, and the commercially available packaging materials based on nanotechnology. This review primarily focuses on using nanotechnologies in food processing and packaging, explicitly examining their impact on food quality and safety. To comprehend the function of enhanced, active, and antimicrobial packaging in food packaging. The utilization of nanotechnology in food products has experienced a significant surge in popularity in both developed and developing nations. The review was obtained from searches conducted on academic databases such as Sci-Hub, Google Scholar, PubMed, etc. Collected data from many sources has been compiled and presented here to facilitate further research on the application of nanotechnology in food packaging. In the current review, we also discussed the different organic and inorganic nanomaterials. The article also discusses consumer health and safety concerns, highlighting the significance of thorough safety assessments and clear communication. Nanotechnology has numerous uses in diverse areas of food technology. This analysis examines the potential of nanotechnology to improve the quality and safety of packaged food. Nanotechnology in food packaging is highly encouraging, providing substantial advantages in terms of food preservation, safety, and sustainability. This paper offers a thorough examination of present trends, technological progress, and future predictions to provide a full understanding of how nanotechnology can fundamentally transform food packaging. This transformation will enable the development of creative, environmentally friendly, and more secure food systems.